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Tang DR, Li CL, Xu ZY, Zhang ZZ, Wang QW, Zhao JQ. hOGG1: A novel mediator in nitrosamine-induced esophageal tumorigenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114550. [PMID: 38467300 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of human 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase (hOGG1) on exogenous chemicals in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. The study plans to determine hOGG1 expression levels in ESCC and possible interactions with known environmental risk factors in ESCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed levels of exposure to urinary nitrosamines in volunteers from high and low prevalence areas by GC-MS. And we performed the interaction between hOGG1 gene and nitrosamine disinfection by-products by analyzing hOGG1 gene expression in esophageal tissues. RESULTS In ESCC, nitrosamine levels were significantly increased and hOGG1 mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased. There was a statistically significant interaction between reduced hOGG1 mRNA levels and non-tap drinking water sources in ESCC. The apparent indirect association between ESCC and NMEA indicated that 33.4% of the association between ESCC and NMEA was mediated by hOGG1. CONCLUSION In populations which exposed to high levels of environmental pollutants NDMA, low expression of hOGG1 may promote the high incidence of esophageal cancer in Huai'an. hOGG1 may be a novel mediator in nitrosamine-induced esophageal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Rong Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, China
| | - Qian-Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, China.
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Sancak T. The effects of repeated doses of xylazine-ketamine and medetomidineketamine anesthesia on DNA damage in the liver and kidney. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e385723. [PMID: 37909595 PMCID: PMC10617755 DOI: 10.1590/acb385723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the DNA damage caused by repeated doses of xylazine-ketamine and medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia in the liver and kidneys. METHODS In this study, 60 rats were used. The rats were divided into group 1 (xylazine-ketamine), and group 2 (medetomidine-ketamine), and these anesthetic combinations were administered to the rats at repeated doses with 30-min intervals. The effects of these anesthetic agents on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene for DNA damage were investigated. RESULTS According to the gene expression results, it was observed that a single dose of xylazine-ketamine was 2.9-fold expressed, while first and second repeat doses did not show significant changes in expression levels. However, in the case of the third repetition, it was observed to be 3.8-fold overexpressed. In the case of medetomidine-ketamine administration, it was observed that a single-dose application resulted in a 1.04-fold expression, while the first and the third repeat doses showed a significant down expression. The samples from the second repeat dose administration group were found to have insignificant levels of expression. CONCLUSIONS This study can contribute to understanding the safe anesthetic combination in research and operations in which xylazine-ketamine and medetomidine-ketamine combinations are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunahan Sancak
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University – Veterinary Faculty – Department of Surgery – Sivas – Turkey
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3
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Hemmaphan S, Bordeerat NK. Genotoxic Effects of Lead and Their Impact on the Expression of DNA Repair Genes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19074307. [PMID: 35409986 PMCID: PMC8998702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to lead (Pb) continues to be a significant worldwide problem. Pb is a highly poisonous heavy metal affecting several organ systems in the body. Although Pb has been shown to be genotoxic to experimental animals and humans, the underlying mechanisms are still not understood. An indirect mechanism related to the inhibition of DNA repair systems by Pb has been suggested. Heavy metals can interfere with the activities of several proteins and gene expressions. Recent studies gathered in this review article demonstrated an altered expression of DNA repair genes due to Pb toxicity. However, their findings are conflicting. Furthermore, the interaction of Pb and epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression may have a crucial role in the inhibition of DNA repair systems. Therefore, additional studies are needed to evaluate these findings and to obtain a complete picture of the genotoxic properties of Pb and the underlying mechanisms that may have a crucial role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirirak Hemmaphan
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Rangsit 12121, Thailand;
| | - Narisa K. Bordeerat
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Rangsit 12121, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-81-912-2694
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Singh P, Mitra P, Goyal T, Sharma S, Sharma P. Evaluation of DNA Damage and Expressions of DNA Repair Gene in Occupationally Lead Exposed Workers (Jodhpur, India). Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1707-1714. [PMID: 32712906 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to lead (Pb) remains a significant concern for worker's health working in different factories. There are many discrepancies among the results regarding the studies of genotoxicity of Pb. The present study aimed to evaluate DNA damage and expressions of DNA repair genes (OGG1, XRCC1, and XPD) in occupationally Pb-exposed workers of Jodhpur, India. The study consisted of 100 occupationally Pb-exposed workers and 100 controls (non-exposed) with no history of occupational exposure. Pb levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations were measured by ELISA, and expressions of DNA repair genes (OGG1, XRCC1, and XPD) were estimated by RT-PCR. The results indicated significantly higher levels of Pb in the exposed group as compared with the non-exposed group (p < 0.0001). Serum 8-OHdG concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.0083), and all three DNA repair genes were significantly downregulated (fold change: OGG1, 0.188; XRCC1, 0.125; XPD, 0.133) in the Pb-exposed group as compared with the non-exposed. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that Pb exposure is associated with increased DNA damage and reduced DNA repair capacity, which may lead to serious health issues in occupationally Pb-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Taru Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
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5
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Ding X, Zhang A, Li C, Ma L, Tang S, Wang Q, Yang G, Li J. The role of H3K9me2-regulated base excision repair genes in the repair of DNA damage induced by arsenic in HaCaT cells and the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract intervention. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:850-860. [PMID: 33378118 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is an established human carcinogen that can induce DNA damage; however, the precise mechanism remains unknown. Histone modification is of great significance in chemical toxicity and carcinogenesis. To investigate the role of histone H3K9me2 in arsenic-induced DNA damage, HaCaT cells were exposed to sodium arsenite in this study, and the results showed that the enrichment level of H3K9me2 at the N-methylated purine-DNA-glycosylase (MPG), X-ray repair cross-complementary gene 1 (XRCC1), and polyadenylate diphosphate ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1) promoter regions of base-excision repair (BER) genes was increased, which inhibited the expression of these BER genes, thereby inhibiting the repair of DNA damage and aggravating the DNA damage. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism by which H3K9me2 participates in the BER repair of arsenic-induced DNA damage was verified based on functional loss and gain experiments. In addition, Ginkgo biloba extract can upregulate the expression of MPG, XRCC1, and PARP1 and ameliorate cell DNA damage by reducing the enrichment of H3K9me2 at repair gene promoter regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Anliu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
- Guiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Changzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Shunfang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Guanghong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
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Zhou Z, Huang Z, Chen B, Lu Q, Cao L, Chen W. LncRNA-ENST00000446135 is a novel biomarker of cadmium toxicity in 16HBE cells, rats, and Cd-exposed workers and regulates DNA damage and repair. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:823-834. [PMID: 33447366 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and its compounds are well-known human carcinogens, but the mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate whether long noncoding RNA (LncRNA)-ENST00000446135 could serve as a novel biomarker of Cd toxicity in cells, animals, and Cd-exposed workers and regulate DNA damage and repair. LncRNA-ENST00000446135 expression increased gradually in cadmium chloride-transformed 16HBE cells. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of LncRNA-ENST00000446135 inhibited the growth of DNA-damaged cells and decreased the expressions of DNA damage-related genes (ATM, ATR, and ATRIP), whereas increased the expressions of DNA repair-related genes (DDB1, DDB2, OGG1, ERCC1, MSH2, XRCC1, and BARD1). Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing showed that MSH2 is a direct transcriptional target of lncRNA-ENST00000446135. Cadmium increased lncRNA-ENST00000446135 expression in the lung of Cd-exposed rats in a dose-dependent manner. A significant positive correlation was observed between blood ENST00000446135 expression and urinary/blood Cd concentrations, and there were significant correlations of LncRNA-ENST00000446135 expression with the DNA damage cell and the expressions of target genes in the lung of Cd-exposed rats and the blood of Cd-exposed workers and significantly correlated with liver and renal function in Cd-exposed workers. These results indicate that the expression of LncRNA-ENST00000446135 is upregulated and may serve as a signature for DNA damage and repair related to the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the cadmium toxicity and become a novel biomarker of cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Zhou
- Department of General Practice, Shenzhen Futian Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Health Management, Guangzhou Huali Science and Technology Vocational College, Guangzhou 511325, China
| | - Baoxin Chen
- Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Futian Hospital for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Shenzhen 518048, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Disinsecticidal, Shenzhen Longang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518172, P.R. China
| | - Linlu Cao
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wenru Chen
- Department of General Practice, Shenzhen Futian Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518040, China
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7
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Kulas J, Tucovic D, Zeljkovic M, Popovic D, Popov Aleksandrov A, Ukropina M, Cakic Milosevic M, Glamoclija J, Kataranovski M, Mirkov I. Proinflammatory effects of environmental cadmium boost resistance to opportunistic pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus: Implications for sustained low-level pulmonary inflammation? Toxicology 2020; 447:152634. [PMID: 33197509 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic environmental heavy metals to which the general population is exposed mainly via the oral route. Owing to its immunomodulatory potential, orally acquired Cd affects antimicrobial immune defense in several organs, including the lungs. While there are data concerning Cd and viral and bacterial pulmonary infections, effects on fungal infections are not studied yet. In the present study, the effect of the Cd (5 mg/L for 30 days, in drinking water, the average daily Cd intake 0.641 ± 0.089 mg/kg) on the immune response of rats to pulmonary A. fumigatus infection was examined. Data obtained showed that orally acquired cadmium does not affect the elimination of the fungus in immunocompetent rats owing to the preservation of some aspects of innate immune responses (lung leukocyte infiltration and NBT reduction) and an increase in other (increased numbers of mucus-producing goblet cells, MPO release). Cd does not affect an IFN-γ response in lung leukocytes during the infection (despite suppression of cytokine production in cells of lung-draining lymph nodes), while it stimulates IL-17 and suppresses IL-10 response to the fungus. As a result, the elimination of the fungus occurs in a milieu with the prevailing proinflammatory response in Cd-exposed animals that preserved fungal elimination from the lungs, though with more intense injury to the lung tissue. Therefore, the proinflammatory microenvironment in the lungs created by Cd that sustains inflammatory/immune response to the fungus to which humans are exposed for a lifetime, raises a concern of orally acquired Cd as a risk factor for the development of chronic low-grade pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kulas
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dina Tucovic
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Milica Zeljkovic
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dusanka Popovic
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Popov Aleksandrov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Mirela Ukropina
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 16 Studentski trg, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Maja Cakic Milosevic
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 16 Studentski trg, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Glamoclija
- Mycology Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Milena Kataranovski
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Ivana Mirkov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research" Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Bulevar despota Stefana, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
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8
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Tan HW, Liang ZL, Yao Y, Wu DD, Mo HY, Gu J, Chiu JF, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Lasting DNA Damage and Aberrant DNA Repair Gene Expression Profile Are Associated with Post-Chronic Cadmium Exposure in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080842. [PMID: 31390735 PMCID: PMC6721754 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental pollutant and carcinogen. Although the exact mechanisms of Cd-induced carcinogenesis remain unclear, previous acute/chronic Cd exposure studies have shown that Cd exerts its cytotoxic and carcinogenic effects through multiple mechanisms, including interference with the DNA repair system. However, the effects of post-chronic Cd exposure remain unknown. Here, we establish a unique post-chronic Cd-exposed human lung cell model (the "CR0" cells) and investigate the effects of post-chronic Cd exposure on the DNA repair system. We found that the CR0 cells retained Cd-resistant property even though it was grown in Cd-free culture medium for over a year. The CR0 cells had lasting DNA damage due to reduced DNA repair capacity and an aberrant DNA repair gene expression profile. A total of 12 DNA repair genes associated with post-chronic Cd exposure were identified, and they could be potential biomarkers for identifying post-chronic Cd exposure. Clinical database analysis suggests that some of the DNA repair genes play a role in lung cancer patients with different smoking histories. Generally, CR0 cells were more sensitive to chemotherapeutic (cisplatin, gemcitabine, and vinorelbine tartrate) and DNA damaging (H2O2) agents, which may represent a double-edged sword for cancer prevention and treatment. Overall, we demonstrated for the first time that the effects of post-chronic Cd exposure on human lung cells are long-lasting and different from that of acute and chronic exposures. Findings from our study unveiled a new perspective on Cd-induced carcinogenesis-the post-chronic exposure of Cd. This study encourages the field of post-exposure research which is crucial but has long been ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wee Tan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan-Ling Liang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Yao
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hai-Ying Mo
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Collaborative and Creative Center of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jen-Fu Chiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Collaborative and Creative Center of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Andy T Y Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Collaborative and Creative Center of Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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Abstract
The adverse health consequences of environmental, occupational, and dietary exposure to either diethylnitrosamine (DEN) or cadmium (Cd) have been widely investigated. However, because most environmental exposures to xenobiotics do not occur in isolation but in mixtures, the effects of simultaneous exposure to both DEN and Cd on hepatorenal function deserves investigation. The present study investigated the impact of 7 days oral co-exposure to 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of DEN and 5 mg/kg b.w. of Cd on biomarkers of hepatic and renal functions, antioxidant defense systems, and oxidative stress indices in the liver and kidney of prepubertal rats. The results showed that the significant ( p < 0.05) increases in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, urea, and creatinine following separate administration of DEN and Cd to rats were further increased in the co-exposure group. Moreover, marked decreases in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase as well as glutathione levels following individual administration of DEN and Cd to rats were exacerbated in the co-exposure group. Further, the marked increase in the lipid peroxidation level and the histopathological lesions in the liver and kidney of rats treated with DEN or Cd alone were intensified in the co-exposure group These findings indicate that co-exposure to DEN and Cd elicited more severe hepatic and renal oxidative damage in the rats, thus suggesting a greater risk to humans who are co-exposed to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Uche J Dim
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eseroghene S Najophe
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Xu X, Liao W, Lin Y, Dai Y, Shi Z, Huo X. Blood concentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury and their association with biomarkers of DNA oxidative damage in preschool children living in an e-waste recycling area. Environ Geochem Health 2018; 40:1481-1494. [PMID: 28623427 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-9997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA damage occurs in heavy metal exposure, but the simultaneous effect on DNA repair is unknown. We investigated the influence of co-exposure of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) on 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and human repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) mRNA levels in exposed children to evaluate the imbalance of DNA damage and repair. Children within the age range of 3-6 years from a primitive electronic waste (e-waste) recycling town were chosen as participants to represent a heavy metal-exposed population. 8-OHdG in the children's urine was assessed for heavy metal-induced oxidative effects, and the hOGG1 mRNA level in their blood represented the DNA repair ability of the children. Among the children surveyed, 88.14% (104/118) had a blood Pb level >5 μg/dL, 22.03% (26/118) had a blood Cd level >1 μg/dL, and 62.11% (59/95) had a blood Hg level >10 μg/dL. Having an e-waste workshop near the house was a risk factor contributing to high blood Pb (r s = 0.273, p < 0.01), while Cd and Hg exposure could have come from other contaminant sources. Preschool children of fathers who had a college or university education had significantly lower 8-OHdG levels (median 242.76 ng/g creatinine, range 154.62-407.79 ng/g creatinine) than did children of fathers who had less education (p = 0.035). However, we did not observe a significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of hOGG1 between the different variables. Compared with children having low lead exposure (quartile 1), the children with high Pb exposure (quartiles 2, 3, and 4) had significantly higher 8-OHdG levels (β Q2 = 0.362, 95% CI 0.111-0.542; β Q3 = 0.347, 95% CI 0.103-0.531; β Q4 = 0.314, 95% CI 0.087-0.557). Associations between blood Hg levels and 8-OHdG were less apparent. Compared with low levels of blood Hg (quartile 1), elevated blood Hg levels (quartile 2) were associated with higher 8-OHdG levels (β Q2 = 0.236, 95% CI 0.039-0.406). Compared with children having low lead exposure (quartile 1), the children with high Pb exposure (quartiles 2, 3, and 4) had significantly higher 8-OHdG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weitang Liao
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yucong Lin
- Tabor Academy, Marion, MA, USA
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yifeng Dai
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihua Shi
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xia Huo
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Šrut M, Drechsel V, Höckner M. Low levels of Cd induce persisting epigenetic modifications and acclimation mechanisms in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176047. [PMID: 28426746 PMCID: PMC5398608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxic effects of cadmium (Cd), a common soil pollutant, are still not very well understood, particularly in regard to its epigenetic impact. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess DNA methylation changes and their persistence in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris upon chronic low dose Cd exposure using methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP). Moreover, the biomarker response and fitness of the earthworms, as well as the expression of detoxification-related genes (metallothionein (MT) and phytochelatin synthase (PCS)) was evaluated. Low levels of Cd caused an increase in genome-wide DNA methylation, which remained partly modified, even after several months of recovery in unpolluted soil. Increased cellular stress seemed to decrease after two weeks of exposure whereas fitness parameters remained unaffected by Cd, probably as a result from the activation of detoxification mechanisms like the expression of MTs. Interestingly, even though the level of Cd exposure was very low, MT expression levels indicate the development of acclimation mechanisms. Taken together, this study demonstrates that acclimation, as well as epigenetic modifications can occur already in moderately polluted environments. In addition, these effects can have long-lasting impacts on key species of soil invertebrates and might persist long after the actual heavy metal challenge has passed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Šrut
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Victoria Drechsel
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Center for Molecular Biosciences, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martina Höckner
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Center for Molecular Biosciences, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Khlifi R, Olmedo P, Gil F, Hammami B, Hamza-Chaffai A, Rebai A. Gene-environment interactions between ERCC2, ERCC3, XRCC1 and cadmium exposure in nasal polyposis disease. J Appl Genet 2016; 58:221-229. [PMID: 27838878 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-016-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gene-environment interactions have long been known to play an important role in complex disease aetiology, such as nasal polyposis (NP). The present study supports the concept that DNA repair gene polymorphisms play critical roles in modifying individual susceptibility to environmental diseases. In fact, we investigated the role of polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and cadmium as risk factors for Tunisian patients with NP. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the impact of combined effects of cadmium and ERCC3 7122 A>G (rs4150407), ERCC2 Lys751Gln (rs13181) and XRCC1 Arg399Gln (rs25487) genes in the susceptibility to NP disease. Significant associations between the risk of developing NP disease and ERCC2 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.1-3.7, p = 0.023] and ERCC3 (OR = 2.2, 95 % CI = 1.2-4.1, p = 0.013) genotypes polymorphisms were observed. Blood concentrations of Cd in NP patients (2.2 μg/L) were significantly higher than those of controls (0.5 μg/L). A significant interaction between ERCC3 (7122 A>G) polymorphism and blood-Cd levels (for the median of blood-Cd levels: OR = 3.8, 95 % CI = 1.3-10.8, p = 0.014 and for the 75th percentiles of blood-Cd levels: OR = 2.7, 95 % CI = 1.1-7.2, p = 0.041) was found in association with the risk of NP disease. In addition, when we stratified ERCC2, ERCC3 and XRCC1 polymorphism genotypes by the median and 75th percentiles of blood-Cd levels, we found also significant interactions between ERCC2 (Lys751Gln) and ERCC3 (7122 A>G) genotypes polymorphism and this metal in association with NP disease. However, no interaction was found between XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) polymorphism genotypes and Cd in association with NP disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Khlifi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sfax (IPEIS), Sfax, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Pablo Olmedo
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Boutheina Hammami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Hamza-Chaffai
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology, UR 09-03, Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieur de Sfax (IPEIS), Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Rebai
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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