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Huong LQ, Chisnall T, Rodgers JD, Cawthraw SA, Card RM. Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and genomic characterisation of Campylobacter spp. in retail chicken in Hanoi, Vietnam. Microb Genom 2024; 10:001190. [PMID: 38294872 PMCID: PMC10868608 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are a leading cause of bacterial foodborne zoonosis worldwide, with poultry meat and products recognised as a significant source of human infection. In Vietnam there are few data regarding the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, and genomic diversity of Campylobacter in poultry and poultry meat. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter in chicken meat at retail in Hanoi, determine antimicrobial sensitivities of the Campylobacter isolated, and assess their genetic diversity. A total of 120 chicken meat samples were collected from eight traditional retail markets (n=80) and four supermarkets (n=40). Campylobacter was isolated following ISO 10272-1 : 2017 and identification verified by PCR. The prevalence of Campylobacter was 38.3 % (46/120) and C. coli was the most prevalent species in both retail markets (74 %) and supermarkets (88 %). The minimum inhibitory concentrations for ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, and tetracycline were determined by broth microdilution for 32 isolates. All characterised Campylobacter were resistant to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline, with corresponding resistance determinants detected in the sequenced genomes. Most C. coli were multidrug resistant (24/28) and two harboured the erythromycin resistance gene ermB on a multiple drug-resistance genomic island, a potential mechanism for dissemination of resistance. The 32 isolates belonged to clonal complexes associated with both poultry and people, such as CC828 for C. coli. These results contribute to the One Health approach for addressing Campylobacter in Vietnam by providing detailed new insights into a main source of human infection and can inform the design of future surveillance approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luu Quynh Huong
- National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh Road, Dong Da district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thomas Chisnall
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
| | - John D. Rodgers
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
| | - Shaun A. Cawthraw
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
| | - Roderick M. Card
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, UK
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The worldwide trend of Campylobacter spp., infection from duck-related isolates and associated phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance, since 1985: identifying opportunities and challenges for prevention and control. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101213. [PMID: 34237548 PMCID: PMC8267597 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter, a leading cause of foodborne diseases, is well recognized worldwide. Poultry and poultry products are considered as major sites for Campylobacter infection in humans. The extensive uses of antibiotics mostly as growth promoters and for therapeutic purposes have led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of foodborne pathogens including Campylobacter. A key tenet of this paper is the need for reviewing the previous studies conducted around the globe on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolates in duck to better understand the sources and trends of infection. Based on published data, the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in duck and duck-related samples ranged from 0% to 100% and was largely influenced by the isolation method. Among Campylobacter spp., C. jejuni was the predominant cause of campylobacteriosis, followed by C. coli. Campylobacter spp. from ducks were mostly resistant to fluoroquinolones and tetracycline and a lesser extent to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin. Some studies showed that ducks may pose a risk for acquiring campylobacteriosis because they had genotypes quite similar to human isolates detected previously. A continued monitoring approach is needed, at national and international levels, with enhanced surveillance and reporting of trends, as well as harmonization of surveillance systems toward a one-health approach to monitoring antimicrobial resistance in animal production particularly if increased resistance rates are being demonstrated.
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3
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Wieczorek K, Bocian Ł, Osek J. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolated from carcasses of chickens slaughtered in Poland – a retrospective study. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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Di Giannatale E, Calistri P, Di Donato G, Decastelli L, Goffredo E, Adriano D, Mancini ME, Galleggiante A, Neri D, Antoci S, Marfoglia C, Marotta F, Nuvoloni R, Migliorati G. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in chicken and bovine meat in Italy: Prevalence, level of contamination and molecular characterization of isolates. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225957. [PMID: 31809529 PMCID: PMC6897410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter species are common foodborne pathogens associated with cases of human gastroenteritis worldwide. A detailed understanding of the prevalence, contamination levels and molecular characteristics of Campylobacter spp. in cattle and chicken, which are likely the most important sources of human contamination, is imperative. A collection of 1243 poultry meat samples (665 chicken breasts and 578 chicken thighs) and 1203 bovine meat samples (689 hamburgers and 514 knife-cut meat preparations) were collected at retail outlets, in randomly selected supermarkets located in different Italian regions during one year. Of these samples, 17.38% of the poultry meat and 0.58% of the bovine meat samples tested positive for Campylobacter, of which 131 were Campylobacter jejuni (57.96%) and 95 were Campylobacter coli (42.03%). Campylobacter isolates were genotyped with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity, population structure, source distribution and Campylobacter transmission route to humans. All isolates were molecularly characterized by pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and further genotyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and fla-SVR sequencing to gain better insight into the population structure. Antibiotic resistance was also investigate. The highest levels of resistance among chicken strains were observed for ciprofloxacin (88.25%), nalidixic acid (81.45%) and tetracycline (75.6%). PFGE analysis revealed 73 pulsotypes for C. jejuni and 54 pulsotypes for C. coli, demonstrating the existance of different and specific clones circulating in Italy. MLST of C.jejuni isolates mainly clustered in the CC353, CC354, CC21, CC206 and CC443; while C.coli isolates clustered only in CC828. The most common flaA alleles were 287 for C. jejuni and 66 for C. coli. Our study confirms that poultry meat is the main source of Campylobacteriosis, whereas red meat had a low level of contamination suggesting a minor role in transmission. The high presence of Campylobacter in retail chicken meat, paired with its increased resistance to antimicrobials with several multidrug resistance profiles detected, is alarming and represents a persistent threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Calistri
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis (COVEPI), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Guido Di Donato
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis (COVEPI), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
- Dept. of Veterinary Sciences, Univ. of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Decastelli
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Goffredo
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Adriano
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Emanuela Mancini
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Galleggiante
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Diana Neri
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Antoci
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Cristina Marfoglia
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Marotta
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Migliorati
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
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Szosland-Fałtyn A, Bartodziejska B, Królasik J, Paziak-Domańska B, Korsak D, Chmiela M. The Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Polish Poultry Meat. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 67:117-120. [PMID: 30015434 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0011.6152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence, count and molecular identification of Campylobacter spp. in Polish poultry meat were analysed. 181 samples of meat from chicken (70), turkey (47), duck (54) and goose (10) were studied. Campylobacter spp. was found in 64% of meat samples. The highest prevalence of this pathogen was detected for duck meat. On average 80% of duck samples were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. The counts of Campylobacter spp. in positive samples remained under ten colony forming units per gram of product in 59% of poultry meat. C. jejuni was more frequently detected in poultry meat than C. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szosland-Fałtyn
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Quality,Lodz,Poland
| | - Beata Bartodziejska
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Quality,Lodz,Poland
| | - Joanna Królasik
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Quality,Lodz,Poland
| | - Beata Paziak-Domańska
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Department of Food Quality,Lodz,Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Department of Food Safety, National Food and Nutrition Institute,Warsaw,Poland
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- Division of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz,Lodz,Poland
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6
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Gonçalves-Tenório A, Silva BN, Rodrigues V, Cadavez V, Gonzales-Barron U. Prevalence of Pathogens in Poultry Meat: A Meta-Analysis of European Published Surveys. Foods 2018; 7:E69. [PMID: 29751496 PMCID: PMC5977089 DOI: 10.3390/foods7050069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate and summarize the levels of incidence of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat commercialized in Europe. After systematic review, incidence data and study characteristics were extracted from 78 studies conducted in 21 European countries. Pooled prevalence values from 203 extracted observations were estimated from random-effects meta-analysis models adjusted by pathogen, poultry type, sampling stage, cold preservation type, meat cutting type and packaging status. The results suggest that S. aureus is the main pathogen detected in poultry meat (38.5%; 95% CI: 25.4⁻53.4), followed by Campylobacter spp. (33.3%; 95% CI: 22.3⁻46.4%), while L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. present lower prevalence (19.3%; 95% CI: 14.4⁻25.3% and 7.10%; 95% CI: 4.60⁻10.8%, respectively). Despite the differences in prevalence, all pathogens were found in chicken and other poultry meats, at both end-processing step and retail level, in packed and unpacked products and in several meat cutting types. Prevalence data on cold preservation products also revealed that chilling and freezing can reduce the proliferation of pathogens but might not be able to inactivate them. The results of this meta-analysis highlight that further risk management strategies are needed to reduce pathogen incidence in poultry meat throughout the entire food chain across Europe, in particular for S. aureus and Campylobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andiara Gonçalves-Tenório
- CIMO Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz Nunes Silva
- CIMO Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Vânia Rodrigues
- CIMO Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Vasco Cadavez
- CIMO Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Ursula Gonzales-Barron
- CIMO Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
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7
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McCarthy Z, Smith B, Fazil A, Wu J, Ryan SD, Munther D. pH dependent C. jejuni thermal inactivation models and application to poultry scalding. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter spp. isolated from retail meat in Lahore, Pakistan. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Stella S, Soncini G, Ziino G, Panebianco A, Pedonese F, Nuvoloni R, Di Giannatale E, Colavita G, Alberghini L, Giaccone V. Prevalence and quantification of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in Italian retail poultry meat: Analysis of influencing factors. Food Microbiol 2017; 62:232-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Marotta F, Garofolo G, Di Donato G, Aprea G, Platone I, Cianciavicchia S, Alessiani A, Di Giannatale E. Population Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni in Poultry and Its Dynamic of Contamination in Chicken Meat. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:859845. [PMID: 26543870 PMCID: PMC4620384 DOI: 10.1155/2015/859845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the diversity of the Campylobacter jejuni population in broilers and to evaluate the major source of contamination in poultry meat. Eight rearing cycles over one year provided samples from three different broiler farms processed at the same slaughterhouse. A total of 707 C. jejuni were isolated from cloacal swabs before slaughter and from the breast skin of carcasses after slaughter and after chilling. All suspected Campylobacter colonies were identified with PCR assays and C. jejuni was genotyped by sequence analysis of the flaA short variable region (SVR) and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using SmaI enzyme. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance profiles were also assayed using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The flocks carried many major C. jejuni clones possibly carrying over the rearing cycles, but cross contamination between farms may happen. Many isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones, raising an issue of high public concern. Specific Campylobacter populations could be harboured within each poultry farm, with the ability to contaminate chickens during each new cycle. Thus, although biosecurity measures are applied, with a persistent source of contamination, they cannot be efficient. The role of the environment needs further investigation to better address strategies to control Campylobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marotta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuliano Garofolo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Guido Di Donato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Aprea
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Ilenia Platone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Silvia Cianciavicchia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alessiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G.Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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11
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Economou V, Zisides N, Gousia P, Petsios S, Sakkas H, Soultos N, Papadopoulou C. Prevalence and antimicrobial profile of Campylobacter isolates from free-range and conventional farming chicken meat during a 6-year survey. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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de Boer P, Rahaoui H, Leer R, Montijn R, van der Vossen J. Real-time PCR detection of Campylobacter spp.: A comparison to classic culturing and enrichment. Food Microbiol 2015; 51:96-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Corcionivoschi N, Gundogdu O, Moran L, Kelly C, Scates P, Stef L, Cean A, Wren B, Dorrell N, Madden RH. Virulence characteristics of hcp (+) Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from retail chicken. Gut Pathog 2015. [PMID: 26207145 PMCID: PMC4511981 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-015-0067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently the Type VI secretion
system (T6SS), which can play a significant role in bacterial survival and pathogenesis, was reported in Campylobacter spp., having the hcp gene as a key component. Methods Campylobacteriosis is associated with the consumption of infected chicken meat. Our study aimed to explore the presence of T6SS in C. jejuni (n = 59) and C. coli (n = 57) isolates, from retail raw chicken and to investigate their pathogenic potential. The hcp gene was used as an indicator for the T6SS presence. Results Using multiplex PCR we have identified a significantly higher prevalence of hcp in C. coli isolates (56.1%) than in C. jejuni (28.8%) and AFLP analysis of the isolates showed a high degree of genetic similarity between the isolates carrying the hcp gene. Genome sequencing data showed that 84.3% of the C. coli and 93.7% of the C. jejuni isolates had all 13 T6SS open reading frames. Moreover, the virulence characteristics of hcp + isolates, including motility and the ability to invade human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro, were significantly greater than in the control strain C. jejuni 12502; a human isolate which is hcp positive. Conclusion Overall, it was discovered that hcp+C. coli and C. jejuni isolated from retail chicken isolates posses genetic and phenotypic properties associated with enhanced virulence. However, since human infections with C. coli are significantly less frequent than those of C. jejuni, the relationship between virulence factors and pathogenesis requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Food Microbiology, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX UK ; School of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine-King Michael I of Romania, Calea Aradului nr. 119, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ozan Gundogdu
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lynn Moran
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Food Microbiology, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX UK
| | - Carmel Kelly
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Food Microbiology, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX UK
| | - Pam Scates
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Food Microbiology, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX UK
| | - Lavinia Stef
- School of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine-King Michael I of Romania, Calea Aradului nr. 119, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ada Cean
- School of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine-King Michael I of Romania, Calea Aradului nr. 119, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Brendan Wren
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Nick Dorrell
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Robert H Madden
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Food Microbiology, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX UK
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Giombelli A, Gloria MBA. Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter on broiler chickens from farm to slaughter and efficiency of methods to remove visible fecal contamination. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1851-9. [PMID: 25364917 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter from farm to slaughter. The efficiency of trimming and water spray (490 to 588 kPa pressure) on the removal of visible fecal contamination from broiler carcasses before chilling was also investigated. Drag swabs were used to sample litter from the farm houses. Samples of ceca and carcasses without and with visible fecal contamination before and after trimming or spray washing of fecal contamination were taken during slaughter of the flocks previously visited at the farms. There was a low prevalence of Salmonella on the litter from the farms (5%) and cecum and carcasses (0%). However, Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli were present in farms' litter (100 and 58.8%, respectively), cecum samples (100 and 70.6%, respectively), and carcasses with (58.8 and 11.6%, respectively) and without (17.6 and 9.8%, respectively) visible fecal contamination. There was high prevalence of C. jejuni but at low counts and low prevalence and high counts of C. coli. Campylobacter lari was not detected in any sample. Trimming the visible fecal contamination decreased the prevalence of C. jejuni but increased occurrence of C. coli. Trimming did not reduce the counts of Campylobacter and of hygiene indicator microorganisms on the carcasses. Water shower reduced the counts of hygiene indicator microorganisms by 20%. Therefore, control measures for preventing introduction of Campylobacter and the use of good hygienic conditions are needed to warrant the microbiological quality and safety of broiler carcasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audecir Giombelli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brasil
| | - Maria Beatriz Abreu Gloria
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brasil.
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15
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Carrillo CD, Plante D, Iugovaz I, Kenwell R, Bélanger G, Boucher F, Poulin N, Trottier YL. Method-dependent variability in determination of prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Canadian retail poultry. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1682-8. [PMID: 25285484 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter is the most frequent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Canada, and the illness is commonly associated with poultry consumption. Whereas Canadian retail poultry is often contaminated with campylobacters, studies on the prevalence of this organism are inconsistent due to variability in sampling and microbiological methodology. To determine the current microbiological status of Canadian poultry, and to evaluate two commonly used microbiological methods, 348 raw poultry samples were collected at retail across Canada over a period of 3 years (2007 to 2010) and were analyzed for the presence of thermophilic Campylobacter species. The overall prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found to be 42.8% by a combination of the two testing methods, with 33.9% of the samples positive for C. jejuni, 3.7% of the samples positive for C. coli, and 5.2% of the samples positive for both. Variability in Campylobacter spp. prevalence was observed in samples obtained from different regions across Canada and from poultry with or without skin, but this was not statistically significant. In co-contaminated samples, C. jejuni was preferentially recovered from Preston agar compared with mCCDA and Campy-Cefex agar, with an increase in recovery of C. coli on all selective media after 48 h of enrichment. A subset of 214 of the poultry rinses were analyzed by both Health Canada's standard method, MFLP-46 (enrichment in Park and Sanders broth), and a second method requiring enrichment in Bolton broth. Significantly more positive samples were obtained with the MFLP-46 method (40.6%) than with the alternate method (35.0%). This improved recovery with MFLP-46 may be due to the omission of cycloheximide from this method. These results demonstrate that determination of prevalence of Campylobacter spp. on poultry products may be significantly impacted by the choice of microbiological methods used. Canadian poultry continues to be a source of exposure to Campylobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D Carrillo
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 960 Carling Avenue Bldg # 22, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6.
| | - Daniel Plante
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, Québec, Canada J4K 1C7
| | - Irène Iugovaz
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, Québec, Canada J4K 1C7
| | - Robyn Kenwell
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Ghislaine Bélanger
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, Québec, Canada J4K 1C7
| | - Francine Boucher
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, Québec, Canada J4K 1C7
| | - Nathalie Poulin
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, Québec, Canada J4K 1C7
| | - Yvon-Louis Trottier
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, Québec, Canada J4K 1C7
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Fontanot M, Iacumin L, Cecchini F, Comi G, Manzano M. PorA specific primers for the identification of Campylobacter species in food and clinical samples. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Sproston EL, Carrillo CD, Boulter-Bitzer J. The quantitative and qualitative recovery of Campylobacter from raw poultry using USDA and Health Canada methods. Food Microbiol 2014; 44:258-63. [PMID: 25084671 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Harmonisation of methods between Canadian government agencies is essential to accurately assess and compare the prevalence and concentrations present on retail poultry intended for human consumption. The standard qualitative procedure used by Health Canada differs to that used by the USDA for both quantitative and qualitative methods. A comparison of three methods was performed on raw poultry samples obtained from an abattoir to determine if one method is superior to the others in isolating Campylobacter from chicken carcass rinses. The average percent of positive samples was 34.72% (95% CI, 29.2-40.2), 39.24% (95% CI, 33.6-44.9), 39.93% (95% CI, 34.3-45.6) for the direct plating US method and the US enrichment and Health Canada enrichment methods, respectively. Overall there were significant differences when comparing either of the enrichment methods to the direct plating method using the McNemars chi squared test. On comparison of weekly data (Fishers exact test) direct plating was only inferior to the enrichment methods on a single occasion. Direct plating is important for enumeration and establishing the concentration of Campylobacter present on raw poultry. However, enrichment methods are also vital to identify positive samples where concentrations are below the detection limit for direct plating.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Sproston
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.
| | - C D Carrillo
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Carling), Bldg 22, CEF, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C9
| | - J Boulter-Bitzer
- Food Safety Science Unit, Food Safety and Environment Division, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 4Y2
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18
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Fischer S, Kittler S, Klein G, Glünder G. Impact of a single phage and a phage cocktail application in broilers on reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and development of resistance. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78543. [PMID: 24205254 PMCID: PMC3804501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis is currently the most frequent foodborne zoonosis in many countries. One main source is poultry. The aim of this study was to enhance the knowledge about the potential of bacteriophages in reducing colonization of broilers with Campylobacter , as there are only a few in vivo studies published. Commercial broilers were inoculated with 10⁴ CFU/bird of a Campylobacter jejuni field strain. Groups of 88 birds each were subsequently treated with a single phage or a four-phage cocktail (10⁷ PFU/bird in CaCO₃ buffered SM-Buffer). Control birds received the solvent only. Afterwards, subgroups of eleven birds each were examined for their loads with phages and Campylobacter on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 after phage application. The susceptibility of the Campylobacter population to phage infection was determined using ten isolates per bird. In total 4180 re-isolates were examined. The study demonstrated that the deployed phages persisted over the whole investigation period. The Campylobacter load was permanently reduced by the phage-cocktail as well as by the single phage. The reduction was significant between one and four weeks after treatment and reached a maximum of log₁₀ 2.8 CFU/g cecal contents. Phage resistance rates of initially up to 43% in the single phage treated group and 24% in the cocktail treated group later stabilized at low levels. The occurrence of phage resistance influenced but did not override the Campylobacter reducing effect. Regarding the reduction potential, the cocktail treatment had only a small advantage over the singe phage treatment directly after phage administration. However, the cocktail moderated and delayed the emergence of phage resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fischer
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Sophie Kittler
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Günter Klein
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Gerhard Glünder
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
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19
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Clostridium difficile in foods and animals: history and measures to reduce exposure. Anim Health Res Rev 2013; 14:11-29. [PMID: 23324529 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252312000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many articles have summarized the changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in humans, but the emerging presence of C. difficile in foods and animals and possible measures to reduce human exposure to this important pathogen have been infrequently addressed. CDIs have traditionally been assumed to be restricted to health-care settings. However, recent molecular studies indicate that this is no longer the case; animals and foods might be involved in the changing epidemiology of CDIs in humans; and genome sequencing is disproving person-to-person transmission in hospitals. Although zoonotic and foodborne transmission have not been confirmed, it is evident that susceptible people can be inadvertently exposed to C. difficile from foods, animals, or their environment. Strains of epidemic clones present in humans are common in companion and food animals, raw meats, poultry products, vegetables, and ready-to-eat foods, including salads. In order to develop science-based prevention strategies, it is critical to understand how C. difficile reaches foods and humans. This review contextualizes the current understanding of CDIs in humans, animals, and foods. Based on available information, we propose a list of educational measures that could reduce the exposure of susceptible people to C. difficile. Enhanced educational efforts and behavior change targeting medical and non-medical personnel are needed.
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20
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Tracing Campylobacter jejuni strains along the poultry meat production chain from farm to retail by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and the antimicrobial resistance of isolates. Food Microbiol 2012; 32:124-8. [PMID: 22850383 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2012.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study Campylobacter jejuni isolates were recovered from birds, carcasses and carcass portions from two broiler chicken flocks and from equipment used for carcass and meat processing along the production chain from farms to retail stores. Isolates were subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using SmaI and KpnI restriction enzymes and their antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined. C. jejuni was recovered from product and equipment used with both flocks at each point in the production chain. The prevalence of C. jejuni in poultry products at retail stores was 58.97% (flock 1) and 69.23% (flock 2). SmaI divided 122 C. jejuni strains from flock 1 and 106 from flock 2 into 17 and 13 PFGE types, respectively. PFGE types H and F were present at all steps along the chain, from farms to retail products. Similarly, for both flocks PFGE type D was detected in crates, slaughterhouse and retail stores. Moreover, the PFGE types were highly diverse at the processing and retail steps. Most PFGE types were resistant to ciprofloxacin (95.45%) and tetracycline (81.82%); and multidrug resistant PFGE types were found in the final products. Our study showed that there were several points of cross-contamination of product along the chain, and a high diversity of PFGE types with antimicrobial resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline in the retail products.
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The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks and on broiler carcases, and the risks associated with highly contaminated carcases. Epidemiol Infect 2012; 140:2233-46. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268812000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYA baseline survey on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks and Campylobacter spp. on broiler carcases in the UK was performed in 2008 in accordance with Commission Decision 2007/516/EC. Pooled caecal contents from each randomly selected slaughter batch, and neck and breast skin from a single carcase were examined for Campylobacter spp. The prevalence of Campylobacter in the caeca of broiler batches was 75·8% (303/400) compared to 87·3% (349/400) on broiler carcases. Overall, 27·3% of the carcases were found to be highly contaminated with Campylobacter (⩾1000 c.f.u./g). Slaughter in the summer months (June, July, August) [odds ratio (OR) 3·50], previous partial depopulation of the flock (OR 3·37), and an increased mortality at 14 days (⩾1·25% to <1·75%) (OR 2·54) were identified as significant risk factors for the most heavily Campylobacter-contaminated carcases. Four poultry companies and farm location were also found to be significantly associated with highly contaminated carcases.
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Osaili TM, Alaboudi AR, Al-Akhras RR. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility ofCampylobacterspp. in Live and Dressed Chicken in Jordan. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2012; 9:54-8. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2011.0953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq M. Osaili
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Akram R. Alaboudi
- Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rani R. Al-Akhras
- Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Jordan Food and Drug Administration, Amman, Jordan
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Madden RH, Moran L, Scates P, McBride J, Kelly C. Prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in raw chicken on retail sale in the republic of Ireland. J Food Prot 2011; 74:1912-6. [PMID: 22054193 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To assess the current risks to consumers from Campylobacter and Salmonella in raw chicken products sold in the Republic of Ireland, a retail survey was undertaken to define their prevalence. Samples (n = 510) were analyzed using protocols based on ISO 10272-1:2006 and ISO 6579:2002. Processor codes on pack labels showed that 67% of samples were produced in the Republic of Ireland and 25% in the United Kingdom. Salmonella was present in 5.1% of samples, but the eight serovars found caused less than 7% of human salmonellosis reported in the Republic of Ireland. The results suggest that on-farm controls to limit Salmonella infection of broilers have been successful and that in Ireland raw chicken is not a significant cause of salmonellosis in humans. The overall prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was 84.3%. Isolation by the ISO method found 52.7% of samples to be positive, but overgrowth by contaminants was frequently evident. Therefore, in addition to enrichment, an homogenized sample was plated directly onto modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar, and this detected a further 31.6%. Speciation of isolates (n = 426) determined that 67% were Campylobacter jejuni and 32% were Campylobacter coli. These species are the most common cause of campylobacteriosis in man. The results indicate that there is a need for poultry producers to introduce interventions to minimize the exposure of consumers in the Republic of Ireland to Campylobacter spp., as has been successfully done for Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Madden
- Food Microbiology Branch, Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Abstract
A growing number of Campylobacter species other than C. jejuni and C. coli have been recognized as emerging human and animal pathogens. Although C. jejuni continues to be the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, advances in molecular biology and development of innovative culture methodologies have led to the detection and isolation of a range of under-recognized and nutritionally fastidious Campylobacter spp., including C. concisus, C. upsaliensis and C. ureolyticus. These emerging Campylobacter spp. have been associated with a range of gastrointestinal diseases, particularly gastroenteritis, IBD and periodontitis. In some instances, infection of the gastrointestinal tract by these bacteria can progress to life-threatening extragastrointestinal diseases. Studies have shown that several emerging Campylobacter spp. have the ability to attach to and invade human intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages, damage intestinal barrier integrity, secrete toxins and strategically evade host immune responses. Members of the Campylobacter genus naturally colonize a wide range of hosts (including pets, farm animals and wild animals) and are frequently found in contaminated food products, which indicates that these bacteria are at risk of zoonotic transmission to humans. This Review presents the latest information on the role and clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter spp. in gastrointestinal health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Ming Man
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
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25
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Hermans D, Van Deun K, Messens W, Martel A, Van Immerseel F, Haesebrouck F, Rasschaert G, Heyndrickx M, Pasmans F. Campylobacter control in poultry by current intervention measures ineffective: Urgent need for intensified fundamental research. Vet Microbiol 2011; 152:219-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Lynch OA, Cagney C, McDowell DA, Duffy G. Occurrence of fastidious Campylobacter spp. in fresh meat and poultry using an adapted cultural protocol. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 150:171-7. [PMID: 21855156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study used an adapted cultural protocol for the recovery of fastidious species of Campylobacter, to gain a more accurate understanding of the diversity of Campylobacter populations in fresh meats. Chicken (n=185), pork (n=179) and beef (n=186) were collected from supermarkets and butchers throughout the Republic of Ireland. Samples were enriched in Campylobacter enrichment broth for 24h under an atmosphere of 2.5% O(2), 7% H(2), 10% CO(2), and 80.5% N(2). The enriched samples were then filtered onto non-selective Anaerobe Basal Agar supplemented with lysed horse blood using mixed ester filter membranes. Isolates were identified by both genus and species-specific PCR assays and biochemical testing. The incidence of campylobacters on beef (36%) was significantly higher than on pork (22%) or chicken (16%), and far exceeds previously reported prevalence levels. The method was successful in recovering 7 species of Campylobacter, including the fastidious spp. C. concisus and C. mucosalis, from chicken meat, and 10 species, including C. concisus, C. curvus, C. mucosalis, C. sputorum, and C. upsaliensis, from minced beef. The isolation of C. concisus and C. upsaliensis from meat in this study is of particular significance, due to their emerging clinical relevance. The results of this study confirm that the diversity of Campylobacter species on fresh meats is greater than previously reported and highlights the bias of cultural methods towards the recovery of C. jejuni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla A Lynch
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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27
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Piskernik S, Klančnik A, Riedel CT, Brøndsted L, Možina SS. Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni by natural antimicrobials in chicken meat-related conditions. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Biasi RS, Freitas de Macedo RE, Scaranello Malaquias MA, Franchin PR. Prevalence, strain identification and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolated from slaughtered pig carcasses in Brazil. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Moran L, Kelly C, Cormican M, McGettrick S, Madden R. Restoring the selectivity of Bolton broth during enrichment for Campylobacter spp. from raw chicken. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 52:614-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Bardoň J, Kolář M, Karpíšková R, Hricová K. Prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in broilers at retail in the Czech Republic and their antibiotic resistance. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Solís-Soto LY, García S, Wesley I, Heredia N. A charcoal- and blood-free enrichment broth for isolation and PCR detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in chicken. J Food Prot 2011; 74:221-7. [PMID: 21333141 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The microaerophilic nature of Campylobacter and its requirement of ∼5% O(2) for growth have complicated its recovery from foods. The addition to the enrichment media of oxygen quenchers such as charcoal or blood could interfere with PCR for its detection. In this study, a two-step simple aerobic method for Campylobacter detection is proposed. A modification of the Tran blood-free enrichment broth (BFEB), in which charcoal was excluded from the medium (M-BFEB), was compared with the original formulation and other enrichment broths. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli were screened by PCR directly from the enrichment media. Various levels of pure cultures of C. jejuni and C. coli combined with Escherichia coli were inoculated into Preston, Bolton, BFEB, and the modified BFEB (M-BFEB). In addition, Campylobacter was inoculated onto retail purchased chicken skin and recovery was quantified. Rates of recovery after 24 to 48 h of enrichment at 42 °C under aerobic incubation for BFEB and M-BFEB and microaerobic incubations for Preston and Bolton broths were determined. Overall, our results indicated that the most sensitive medium was Bolton's, followed by either BFEB or M-BFEB; the least sensitive was Preston's. M-BFEB was directly coupled to a PCR assay to detect Campylobacter, avoiding intermediate plating. Campylobacter was detected in the presence of up to 10(8) E. coli cells per ml. M-BFEB facilitated detection of both C. jejuni and C. coli artificially inoculated onto chicken skin samples. M-BFEB coupled to PCR is a rapid and attractive alternative for isolation and identification of C. coli and C. jejuni from poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Y Solís-Soto
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apdo. Postal 124-F, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, México
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32
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Deckert A, Valdivieso-Garcia A, Reid-Smith R, Tamblyn S, Seliske P, Irwin R, Dewey C, Boerlin P, McEwen SA. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. isolated from retail chicken in two health units in Ontario. J Food Prot 2010; 73:1317-24. [PMID: 20615345 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-73.7.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter is an important enteric pathogen of humans and can cause diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain. Campylobacter infections have frequently been associated with the handling and consumption of raw and undercooked poultry. Antimicrobial resistance among Campylobacter strains is of concern in the treatment of campylobacteriosis in vulnerable populations. A 2-year multidisciplinary study was conducted in the Perth and Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph public health units in Ontario, Canada, to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in retail chicken. Retail chicken samples were collected from randomly selected stores in these health units. Resulting Campylobacter isolates were tested for susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC), ampicillin (AMP), chloramphenicol (CHL), ciprofloxacin (CIP), clindamycin (CLI), erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin (GEN), nalidixic acid (NAL), tetracycline (TCY), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) using the E test. The prevalence of Campylobacter in 1,256 retail chicken samples was 59.6%. Of these positive samples, 9% contained Campylobacter coli, 1% contained Campylobacter lari, and 90% contained Campylobacter jejuni. Of the chicken isolates that were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents, 301 isolates (40%) were resistant to one agent, 374 (50%) were resistant to two, 39 (5%) were resistant to three, 20 (3%) were resistant to four, and 6 (1%) were resistant to five. Nine isolates (1%) were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. All isolates were susceptible to AMC, CHL, and GEN. Less than 10% of isolates were resistant to NAL, CIP, CLI, ERY, and AMP. Resistance to TCY was common (56%). No isolates had a resistance pattern that included all three antimicrobials important in the treatment of human campylobacteriosis (CIP, ERY, and TCY); however, 24 isolates (3.2%) were resistant to at least two of these antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Deckert
- Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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