1
|
Giusti A, Spatola G, Mancini S, Nuvoloni R, Armani A. Novel foods, old issues: Metabarcoding revealed mislabeling in insect-based products sold by e-commerce on the EU market. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114268. [PMID: 38609245 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Insects intended for human consumption are considered Novel Foods according to EU legislation. marketed in form of powders, bars, snacks are increasingly available on the EU market, especially on e-commerce. The commercial form and the way of distribution make IBPs particularly prone to mislabeling. Literature concerning the mislabeling occurrence in IBPs is extremely scarce. In this study, 46 processed IBPs were collected on nine EU e-commerce platforms (e-CO) to be authenticated by metabarcoding. A 200 bp region from 16S rRNA gene was used as molecular target. Sequencing data were processed using DADA2 R package, and sequences were taxonomically assigned through BLAST analysis against GenBank. Procedural blanks and positive controls were included in the analysis, and threshold values were established to filter the final data. The mislabeling rate (i. e. the mismatch between the species declared on the IBP label and the species identified by metabarcoding) was calculated. Overall, a high mislabeling rate (33.3 %) was observed, although this percentage is influenced by the e-CO platform and the insect species, with A. domesticus particularly involved. The use of species not listed in authorized Novel Food (e. g. Gryllus locorojo), and/or the partial replacement of high value species with lower value species was highlighted for the first time in processed IBPs. The presence of insect pests was also detected. Metabarcoding was confirmed as an effective tool for IBPs authentication. Also, outcomes from this study can provide useful data on the main issues involving the EU IBPs' market, that can represent an incentive to reinforce both official controls and FBO's self-controls on these poorly investigated products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giusti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Spatola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marconi F, Sartoni M, Girardi C, Rossi A, Carrini M, Nuvoloni R, Pedonese F, Munaò G. Analysis of two cross-contamination cases of Campylobacter jejuni foodborne disease in fragile subjects in the territory of a Local Health Authority in Tuscany, Italy. Ital J Food Saf 2024; 13:12053. [PMID: 38577580 PMCID: PMC10993647 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2024.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis is the most reported foodborne disease in the European Union, with more than 100,000 confirmed cases annually. Human infection can be caused by a low infectious dose, and in fragile populations, the food disease can manifest itself in acute and severe forms. This study aims to analyze two cases of campylobacteriosis in fragile people caused by Campylobacter jejuni in 2023 in Tuscany and the actions of the Local Health Competent Authority. From the results of the related investigations, it was possible to attribute both cases of foodborne diseases to unsafe food management during preparation/administration. Given the peculiar characteristics of the etiological agent, it is necessary to focus the attention of the population, especially those who deal with fragile subjects, on the good hygiene practices to be followed both at home and in collective catering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clara Girardi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa
| | - Aurelio Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa
| | | | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa
| | - Giovanni Munaò
- Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Functional Unit, Local Health Competent Authority Toscana Centro, Firenze 2, Calenzano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marconi F, Sartoni M, Nuvoloni R, Torracca B, Gagliardi M, Zappalà G, Guidi A, Pedonese F. Food safety culture in food companies: evaluation of the perception of food safety culture in three Tuscan food companies. Ital J Food Saf 2023; 12:11012. [PMID: 37064518 PMCID: PMC10102961 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2023.11012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Commission Regulation (EU) No. 2021/382 (European Commission, 2021), amending the Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004 (European Commission, 2004), introduced the obligation for companies to establish and maintain a food safety culture (FSC). The methodology to evaluate, implement, and enhance the level of FSC is up to the individual companies. This study aimed to investigate the perception of FSC among the employees of 3 Tuscan medium-sized enterprises in the food sector, producing cured meat (A), dairy products (B), and frozen fish products (C). The survey was conducted through the development and administration of a questionnaire based on a 5 points Likert scale, referring to different aspects of FSC, organized in 6 sections with 5-6 statements each and subjected to a percentage of employees between 76 and 85%, classified also by the length of service (≤3 and >3 years). For all the companies, the minimum median and mode value for scores obtained by the different sections was 4, and the minimum median and mode value for the single statement was 3 (A, B; except for a bimodal value 2-4) and 4 (C). The section awareness and perception of risk showed the highest mean scores in all companies. As for the length of service, senior employees gave lower scores than junior ones in all sections in B and 3 sections in C. Overall, the results of the questionnaires showed a good perception of FSC, even though it was possible to identify some partial weaknesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Sartoni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy. +39-050-2216987 - +39-050-2210654. .
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulia Zappalà
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Guidi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pedonese F, Longo E, Torracca B, Najar B, Fratini F, Nuvoloni R. Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of manuka essential oil against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus of food origin. Ital J Food Saf 2022; 11:10039. [PMID: 35284338 PMCID: PMC8883831 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2022.10039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) essential oil (EO) on biofilms of foodborne Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus has been studied. Seven strains of L. monocytogenes and 7 of S. aureus (5 methicillin-resistant) were tested. EO minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), EO minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and biofilm production quantification were determined for each strain by microtiter methods. Moreover, EO Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) and Minimum Biofilm Eradicating Concentration (MBEC) were determined on 2 L. monocytogenes and 3 S. aureus that showed the best biofilm production. Finally, on 4 strains out of 5 (2 L. monocytogenes and 2 S. aureus) EO Biofilm Reduction Percentage (BRP) vs. untreated controls was assessed after a treatment with EO subinhibitory concentrations. The chemical composition of manuka essential oil was determined by Gas Chromatography- Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry (GCEIMS). The manuka EO demonstrated good antimicrobial activity: L. monocytogenes MIC and MBC were 0.466 mg/ml and 0.933 mg/ml, respectively, whereas S. aureus MIC and MBC were 0.233 mg/ml and 0.466 mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, L. monocytogenes showed a MBIC of 0.933 mg/ml and a MBEC in the range of 0.933–1.865 mg/ml, whereas S. aureus had a MBIC in the range of 7.461–14.922 mg/ml and a MBEC of 14.922 mg/ml. L. monocytogenes revealed no significant BRP after the treatment with manuka EO, whereas S. aureus showed a BRP higher than 50% with MIC/2 and MIC/4 EO concentrations. These results provide information for feasible manuka EO applications in food production systems.
Collapse
|
5
|
Pedonese F, Torracca B, Mancini S, Pisano S, Turchi B, Cerri D, Nuvoloni R. Effect of a Lactobacillus sakei and Staphylococcus xylosus protective culture on Listeria monocytogenes growth and quality traits of Italian fresh sausage (salsiccia) stored at abusive temperature. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1844084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pedonese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Beatrice Torracca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Simone Mancini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Sonia Pisano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Barbara Turchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Domenico Cerri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Marotta F, Di Marcantonio L, Janowicz A, Pedonese F, Di Donato G, Ardelean A, Nuvoloni R, Di Giannatale E, Garofolo G. Genotyping and Antibiotic Resistance Traits in Campylobacter jejuni and coli From Pigs and Wild Boars in Italy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:592512. [PMID: 33178635 PMCID: PMC7593542 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.592512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the genomic constitution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of 238 Campylobacter from pigs and wild boars in Italy between 2012 and 2019. Campylobacter strains were genotyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole genome MLST (wgMLST), screened for antimicrobial resistance genes, and tested for phenotypic susceptibility to six different antibiotics. C. coli was detected in 98.31% and 91.66% of pigs and wild boars, while C. jejuni was isolated in the remaining cases. MLST assigned 73 STs and 13 STs in pigs and wild boars, respectively, including 44 novel STs. The predominant ST in pigs was ST-854 (12.36%), followed by ST-9264 (6.18%). ST-1055 and ST-1417 were predominant in wild boars (30% and 13.33%, respectively). The minimum spanning tree using 1,121 global MLST profiles showed specific Italian clusters and a clear separation between pig and wild boar profiles. The wgMLST confirmed the MLST clustering and revealed a high genetic diversity within C. coli population in Italy. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of six antibiotics revealed higher resistance in pigs to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin and tetracycline, compared to wild boar. In contrast, most strains were susceptible to gentamicin. Worrying levels of multidrug resistance (MDR) were observed mostly in pig isolates. Molecular screening of AMR mechanisms revealed the predominance of gyrA T86I substitution among fluoroquinolone- and quinolone-resistant isolates, and the 23S rRNA A2075G mutation among macrolide-resistant isolates. Other resistance determinants were observed: (i) tet(O) gene was present among tetracycline-resistant isolates; (ii) rpsL and aph(3’)-III genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, were identified only in streptomycin or gentamicin-resistant pig isolates; (iii) cmeA, cmeB, cmeC, cmeR genes responsible of pump efflux mechanisms, were observed in almost all the strains; (iv) OXA-61, encoding β-lactamase, was found in the half of the strains. Genotypic and phenotypic AMR profiling was fairly correlated for quinolones/fluoroquinolones. Campylobacter infection is common also in wild boar populations in Italy, suggesting that wild boars could be a reservoir of resistant and multi-resistant Campylobacter species, which may be of public health concern. The present study adds to our knowledge on the epidemiological and ecological traits of this pathogen in domesticated and wild swine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marotta
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Lisa Di Marcantonio
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Anna Janowicz
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Guido Di Donato
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Adrian Ardelean
- Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health, National Reference for TSEs and Anatomic Pathology Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuliano Garofolo
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mancini S, Mattioli S, Nuvoloni R, Pedonese F, Dal Bosco A, Paci G. Effects of Garlic Powder and Salt on Meat Quality and Microbial Loads of Rabbit Burgers. Foods 2020; 9:foods9081022. [PMID: 32751777 PMCID: PMC7466223 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the research study was to evaluate the effects of a common culinary spice such as garlic powder and salt addition on the quality and microbial shelf life of rabbit meat burgers. Rabbit burgers were evaluated for pH, the colour parameters, the water holding capacity and microbial loads during storage time of seven days at 4 °C. Four different formulations of burgers (n = 180 in total) were tested as control samples (only meat, C), burgers with garlic powder (at 0.25%, G), burgers with salt (at 1.00%, S) and burgers with both garlic powder and salt (0.25% and 1.00%, respectively, GS). As results, it was highlighted that garlic powder and salt addition significant affected pH, water holding capacity and some colour parameters of burgers. In particular, salt affected the pH of the raw burgers, leading to lower values that partially influenced all the colour parameters with higher a* values of S burgers. The mix of garlic powder and salt (GS burgers) showed mixed effects even if more closed to the G burgers than S ones. Salt expressed its properties of binding water molecules reducing drip and cooking losses in S and GS burgers. No variations in microbial loads were highlighted in relation to the formulations. Storage time affected all the parameters, highlighting a deterioration of the burgers’ quality and an increase of the microbial loads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.N.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.N.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.N.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (A.D.B.)
| | - Gisella Paci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.N.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mancini S, Mattioli S, Nuvoloni R, Pedonese F, Dal Bosco A, Paci G. Effects of garlic powder and salt additions on fatty acids profile, oxidative status, antioxidant potential and sensory properties of raw and cooked rabbit meat burgers. Meat Sci 2020; 169:108226. [PMID: 32599418 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rabbit burgers were evaluated for fatty acids profile, oxidative status, antioxidant potential and sensory during storage time of seven days at 4 °C. The aim of the research study was to evaluate if a common culinary spice as garlic could overcome the controversy effects of salt (mostly related to a pro-oxidant effect). Therefore, four formulations were made: only meat (control, C) meat added with garlic powder at 0.25% (G), meat added with salt at 1.00% (S) and meat added with garlic powder (0.25%) and salt (1.00%) (GS). As results, it was highlighted that garlic powder was not capable to reduce significantly the negative effect related to the salt addition. Salt induced different modifications to burgers leading to a more liked product due to its properties to enhance sensory characteristics, on the other hand, induced different oxidation processes that could decrease the nutritional value. Further studies are needed to better elucidate if different garlic products/concentrations could apport higher beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia 06100, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia 06100, Italy
| | - Gisella Paci
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bertelloni F, Cilia G, Bogi S, Ebani VV, Turini L, Nuvoloni R, Cerri D, Fratini F, Turchi B. Pathotypes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa) in Tuscany. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E744. [PMID: 32344604 PMCID: PMC7222796 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild boar are among the most widespread wild mammals in Europe. Although this species can act as a reservoir for different pathogens, data about its role as a carrier of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant and pathogenic Escherichia coli in wild boar in the Tuscany region of Italy. During the hunting season of 2018-2019, E. coli was isolated from 175 of 200 animals and subjected to antimicrobial resistance tests and PCR for detection of resistance and virulence factor genes. The highest resistance rates were against cephalothin (94.3%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (87.4%), ampicillin (68.6%), and tetracycline (44.6%). The most detected resistance genes were blaCMY-2 (54.3%), sul1 (38.9%), sul2 (30.9%), and tetG (24.6%). Concerning genes encoding virulence factors, 55 of 175 isolates (31.4%) were negative for all tested genes. The most detected genes were hlyA (47.4%), astA (29.1%), stx2 (24.6%), eaeA (17.1%), and stx1 (11.4%). E. coli was classified as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) (21.7%), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (6.3%), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (5.1%), and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC) (3.4%). Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and typical enteropathogenic E. coli (tEPEC) were not detected. Our results show that wild boars could carry pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant E. coli, representing a possible reservoir of domestic animal and human pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bertelloni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (S.B.); (V.V.E.); (L.T.); (R.N.); (D.C.); (F.F.); (B.T.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Di Donato G, Marotta F, Nuvoloni R, Zilli K, Neri D, Di Sabatino D, Calistri P, Di Giannatale E. Prevalence, Population Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter coli Isolated in Italian Swine at Slaughterhouse. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E222. [PMID: 32046038 PMCID: PMC7074678 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are among the microorganisms most commonly associated with foodborne disease. Swine are known to be the main reservoir of Campylobacter coli and a possible source infection of humans as a result of carcass contamination at slaughter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of C. coli contamination in swine carcasses, the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of isolates and the genetic diversity between strains obtained from swine and those isolated from humans. The prevalence of contamination was higher on carcasses (50.4%) than in faeces (32.9%). The 162 C. coli isolated from swine were examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). The results of PFGE indicated a high genetic diversity among the isolates, with 25 different PFGE types. MLST assigned 51 sequence types (STs) to isolates. The most common genotype was ST-854 (16.04%), ST-9264 (10.49 %) and ST-1016 (6.08 %). Results of AMR showed a high resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones together with aminoglycosides and tetracycline. Many strains were multi-resistant with predominant R-type TeSCipNa (57%). Five resistance genes were detected along with mutation in the gyrA gene. A strong correlation between phenotypic and genotypic resistance was found for fluoroquinolone and tetracycline. Genetic profiles obtained in swine isolates were compared to those of 11 human strains. All human strains and 64.19% of animal strains (104/162) were assigned to the ST-828 clonal complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Di Donato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Marotta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo Italy; (K.Z.); (D.N.); (E.D.G.)
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;
| | - Katiuscia Zilli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo Italy; (K.Z.); (D.N.); (E.D.G.)
| | - Diana Neri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo Italy; (K.Z.); (D.N.); (E.D.G.)
| | - Daria Di Sabatino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Calistri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, 64100 Teramo Italy; (K.Z.); (D.N.); (E.D.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Giannatale E, Calistri P, Di Donato G, Decastelli L, Goffredo E, Adriano D, Mancini ME, Galleggiante A, Neri D, Antoci S, Marfoglia C, Marotta F, Nuvoloni R, Migliorati G. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in chicken and bovine meat in Italy: Prevalence, level of contamination and molecular characterization of isolates. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225957. [PMID: 31809529 PMCID: PMC6897410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter species are common foodborne pathogens associated with cases of human gastroenteritis worldwide. A detailed understanding of the prevalence, contamination levels and molecular characteristics of Campylobacter spp. in cattle and chicken, which are likely the most important sources of human contamination, is imperative. A collection of 1243 poultry meat samples (665 chicken breasts and 578 chicken thighs) and 1203 bovine meat samples (689 hamburgers and 514 knife-cut meat preparations) were collected at retail outlets, in randomly selected supermarkets located in different Italian regions during one year. Of these samples, 17.38% of the poultry meat and 0.58% of the bovine meat samples tested positive for Campylobacter, of which 131 were Campylobacter jejuni (57.96%) and 95 were Campylobacter coli (42.03%). Campylobacter isolates were genotyped with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity, population structure, source distribution and Campylobacter transmission route to humans. All isolates were molecularly characterized by pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and further genotyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and fla-SVR sequencing to gain better insight into the population structure. Antibiotic resistance was also investigate. The highest levels of resistance among chicken strains were observed for ciprofloxacin (88.25%), nalidixic acid (81.45%) and tetracycline (75.6%). PFGE analysis revealed 73 pulsotypes for C. jejuni and 54 pulsotypes for C. coli, demonstrating the existance of different and specific clones circulating in Italy. MLST of C.jejuni isolates mainly clustered in the CC353, CC354, CC21, CC206 and CC443; while C.coli isolates clustered only in CC828. The most common flaA alleles were 287 for C. jejuni and 66 for C. coli. Our study confirms that poultry meat is the main source of Campylobacteriosis, whereas red meat had a low level of contamination suggesting a minor role in transmission. The high presence of Campylobacter in retail chicken meat, paired with its increased resistance to antimicrobials with several multidrug resistance profiles detected, is alarming and represents a persistent threat to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Calistri
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis (COVEPI), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Guido Di Donato
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology, Programming, Information and Risk Analysis (COVEPI), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
- Dept. of Veterinary Sciences, Univ. of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Decastelli
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Goffredo
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Adriano
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Emanuela Mancini
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Galleggiante
- Department of Food Hygiene, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Diana Neri
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Antoci
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Cristina Marfoglia
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Marotta
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Migliorati
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pedonese F, Verani G, Torracca B, Turchi B, Felicioli A, Nuvoloni R. Effect of an Italian propolis on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in milk and whey cheese. Ital J Food Saf 2019; 8:8036. [PMID: 31897395 PMCID: PMC6912138 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2019.8036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis antimicrobial activity has been limitedly studied in food, particularly in dairy products. We studied the antimicrobial activity of an alcoholic extract of an Italian propolis in sterile skim milk, pasteurized cow's milk, and cow's and goat's whey cheese (ricotta). Following the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration on Gram+ and Gram- bacteria, the extract was employed at 2 and 5% (P2, P5), using controls with the same ethanol concentrations (E2, E5) and without any addition. In milk trials, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested. P2 and P5 samples registered significant decreases of Gram+ bacteria in skim milk. The same was true for P5 in cows' milk, but only with S. aureus for P2. Ricotta was inoculated with L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and B. cereus and stored at 8.5°C. In cow's milk ricotta, L. monocytogenes counts in P5 were always lower than control during the storage time, significantly so from the 14th day. In goat's ricotta, L. monocytogenes counts in P5 were at least one logarithm lower than E5, whereas the extract didn't show a significant effect on S. aureus and B. cereus. The antimicrobial activity of propolis, particularly on L. monocytogenes, could be employed in ready-to-eat refrigerated dairy products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giada Verani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Marotta F, Garofolo G, Di Marcantonio L, Di Serafino G, Neri D, Romantini R, Sacchini L, Alessiani A, Di Donato G, Nuvoloni R, Janowicz A, Di Giannatale E. Correction: Antimicrobial resistance genotypes and phenotypes of Campylobacter jejuni isolated in Italy from humans, birds from wild and urban habitats, and poultry. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225231. [PMID: 31697786 PMCID: PMC6837326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
|
14
|
Marotta F, Garofolo G, di Marcantonio L, Di Serafino G, Neri D, Romantini R, Sacchini L, Alessiani A, Di Donato G, Nuvoloni R, Janowicz A, Di Giannatale E. Antimicrobial resistance genotypes and phenotypes of Campylobacter jejuni isolated in Italy from humans, birds from wild and urban habitats, and poultry. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223804. [PMID: 31603950 PMCID: PMC6788699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni, a common foodborne zoonotic pathogen, causes gastroenteritis worldwide and is increasingly resistant to antibiotics. We aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genotypes of C. jejuni isolated from humans, poultry and birds from wild and urban Italian habitats to identify correlations between phenotypic and genotypic AMR in the isolates. Altogether, 644 C. jejuni isolates from humans (51), poultry (526) and wild- and urban-habitat birds (67) were analysed. The resistance phenotypes of the isolates were determined using the microdilution method with EUCAST breakpoints, and AMR-associated genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms were obtained from a publicly available database. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that C. jejuni isolates from poultry and humans were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (85.55% and 76.47%, respectively), nalidixic acid (75.48% and 74.51%, respectively) and tetracycline (67.87% and 49.02%, respectively). Fewer isolates from the wild- and urban-habitat birds were resistant to tetracycline (19.40%), fluoroquinolones (13.43%), and quinolone and streptomycin (10.45%). We retrieved seven AMR genes (tet (O), cmeA, cmeB, cmeC, cmeR, blaOXA-61 and blaOXA-184) and gyrA-associated point mutations. Two major B-lactam genes called blaOXA-61 and blaOXA-184 were prevalent at 62.93% and 82.08% in the poultry and the other bird groups, respectively. Strong correlations between genotypic and phenotypic resistance were found for fluoroquinolones and tetracycline. Compared with the farmed chickens, the incidence of AMR in the C. jejuni isolates from the other bird groups was low, confirming that the food-production birds are much more exposed to antimicrobials. The improper and overuse of antibiotics in the human population and in animal husbandry has resulted in an increase in antibiotic-resistant infections, particularly fluoroquinolone resistant ones. Better understanding of the AMR mechanisms in C. jejuni is necessary to develop new strategies for improving AMR programs and provide the most appropriate therapies to human and veterinary populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marotta
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuliano Garofolo
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lisa di Marcantonio
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Serafino
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Diana Neri
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Romina Romantini
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lorena Sacchini
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alessiani
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Guido Di Donato
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Janowicz
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mancini S, Sogari G, Menozzi D, Nuvoloni R, Torracca B, Moruzzo R, Paci G. Factors Predicting the Intention of Eating an Insect-Based Product. Foods 2019; 8:E270. [PMID: 31331106 PMCID: PMC6678388 DOI: 10.3390/foods8070270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study provides a framework of the factors predicting the intention of eating an insect-based product. As part of the study, a seminar was carried out to explore how the provision of information about ecological, health, and gastronomic aspects of entomophagy would modify consumer beliefs regarding insects as food. Before and after the informative seminar, two questionnaires about sociodemographic attributes and beliefs about the consumption of insects as food were given. Participants were then asked to carry out a sensory evaluation of two identical bread samples, but one was claimed to be supplemented with insect powder. Results showed that perceived behavioral control is the main predictor of the intention, followed by neophobia and personal insect food rejection. The disgust factor significantly decreased after the participants attended the informative seminar. Sensory scores highlighted that participants gave "insect-labelled" samples higher scores for flavor, texture, and overall liking, nevertheless, participants indicated that they were less likely to use the "insect-labelled" bread in the future. Our findings provide a better understanding of insect food rejection behavior and help to predict the willingness to try insect-based products based on some important individual traits and information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Sogari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Menozzi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Torracca
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Moruzzo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gisella Paci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
De Massis F, Zilli K, Di Donato G, Nuvoloni R, Pelini S, Sacchini L, D’Alterio N, Di Giannatale E. Distribution of Brucella field strains isolated from livestock, wildlife populations, and humans in Italy from 2007 to 2015. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213689. [PMID: 30901346 PMCID: PMC6430384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a major public health problem still prevalent as a neglected endemic zoonosis requiring proactive attention in many communities worldwide. The present study involved analysis of Brucella field strains submitted for typing to the Italian National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis from 2007 to 2015. Strains were identified at the species and biovar levels by classic and molecular techniques according to the World Organisation for Animal Health Manual. In total, 5,784 strains were typed: 3,089 Brucella abortus (53.4%), 2,497 B. melitensis (43.2%), 10 B. ovis (0.2%), 181 B. suis (3.1%), and 7 B. ceti (0.1%). The 2,981 strains from cattle were typed as B. abortus biovars 1, 3, and 6 (90.1%) and B. melitensis biovar 3 (9.9%). The 318 strains from water buffalo were typed as B. abortus biovars 1, 3 (95.9%) and B. melitensis biovar 3 (4.1%). The 2,279 strains from sheep and goats were typed as B. abortus biovars 1 and 3 (4.3%); B. melitensis biovars 1, 3, (95.3%); and B. ovis (0.4%). The 173 strains from wild boar were typed as B. suis biovar 2 (98.3%) and B. melitensis biovar 3 (1.7%). The 11 strains from pigs were typed as B. suis biovar 2. The 13 strains from humans were typed as B. melitensis biovar 3. The two strains from horses were typed as B. abortus biovar 1, while the seven strains from dolphins were typed as B. ceti. This additional knowledge on the epidemiology of brucellosis in Italy may be useful to formulate policies and strategies for the control and eradication of the disease in animal populations. The animal species affected, biovars typed, geographical origins, and spatial distributions of isolates are herein analyzed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio De Massis
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Zilli
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| | - Guido Di Donato
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Pelini
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lorena Sacchini
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| | - Nicola D’Alterio
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Giannatale
- National and OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale,’ Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mancini S, Nuvoloni R, Pedonese F, Paci G. Effects of garlic powder and salt additions in rabbit meat burgers: Preliminary evaluation. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Pisa Pisa Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health” University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Pisa Pisa Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health” University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Gisella Paci
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Pisa Pisa Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health” University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Di Donato G, Nuvoloni R, Marotta F, Di Marcantonio L, Antoci S, Neri D, Calistri P, Di Giannatale E. Contamination, antimicrobial resistant of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from retail meats in Italy and comparison with human strains. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
19
|
Scarano C, Piras F, Virdis S, Ziino G, Nuvoloni R, Dalmasso A, De Santis E, Spanu C. Antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas ssp. strains isolated from Sparus aurata reared in Italian mariculture farms. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 284:91-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
20
|
D.'Amico P, Nucera D, Guardone L, Mariotti M, Nuvoloni R, Armani A. Seafood products notifications in the EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) database: Data analysis during the period 2011–2015. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
21
|
Felicioli A, Turchi B, Fratini F, Giusti M, Nuvoloni R, Dani FR, Sagona S. Proteinase pattern of honeybee prepupae from healthy and American Foulbrood infected bees investigated by zymography. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2160-2167. [PMID: 29761912 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
American foulbrood disease (AFB) is the main devastating disease that affects honeybees' brood, caused by Paenibacillus larvae. The trend of the research on AFB has addressed the mechanisms by which P. larvae bacteria kill honeybee larvae. Since prepupae could react to the infection of AFB by increasing protease synthesis, the aim of this work was to compare protease activity in worker prepupae belonging to healthy colonies and to colonies affected by AFB. This investigation was performed by zymography. In gel, proteolytic activity was observed in prepupae extracts belonging only to the healthy colonies. In the prepupae extracts, 2D zimography followed by protein identification by MS allowed to detect Trypsin-1 and Chymotrypsin-1, which were not observed in diseased specimens. Further investigations are needed to clarify the involvement of these proteinases in the immune response of honeybee larvae and the mechanisms by which P. larvae inhibits protease production in its host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Giusti
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Romana Dani
- Department of Biology, University of Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Mass Spectrometry Centre (CISM) of Florence University, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Simona Sagona
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pedonese F, Nuvoloni R, Turchi B, Torracca B, Di Giannatale E, Marotta F, Cerri D. Prevalence, phenotypic and genetic diversity of Campylobacter in poultry fresh meat and poultry products on retail sale in Tuscany (Italy). Vet Ital 2018; 53:29-37. [PMID: 28365923 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.836.4107.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in poultry fresh meat and ready‑to‑cook products was evaluated. Seventy‑three samples were collected at retail level from supermarkets and discount stores, obtaining 61.6% positivity. Of 133 Campylobacter isolates, 86 strains (Campylobacter coli, 58.1% and Campylobacter jejuni, 41.9%) were selected for characterisation on the basis of their SmaI and kpnI pulsed field gel‑electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles, to exclude clonal replicates. Campylobacters resulted highly resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid (79.1%, 72.1% and 65.1%, respectively); 50% of C. coli and 13.9% of C. jejuni were resistant to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin, the most important antimicrobials for human campylobacteriosis therapy. Five C. coli were resistant to 5/7 of the tested antimicrobials. HS4c was the prevailing C. jejuni serotype group (22.3%), whereas 8 other serotypes were identified in low percentages. SmaI and kpnI profiles showed a wide variability. The survey showed a high Campylobacter contamination of poultry meat and poultry products at retail level in Tuscany, Italy. A wide strains' heterogeneity and a remarkable level of strains' antimicrobial resistance have been reported, confirming the need for an improvement of specific preventive measures along the production chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pedonese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mancini S, Preziuso G, Fratini F, Torracca B, Nuvoloni R, Dal Bosco A, Paci G. Qualitative improvement of rabbit burgers using Zingiber officinale Roscoe powder. World Rabbit Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2017.7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of Zingiber officinale powder on physical-chemical traits, microbiological growth and sensory properties of rabbit burger. Raw burgers (only meat and meat added with 1 and 2% w/w ginger powder) were stored at 4°C for 1, 4 and 7 d and then cooked. Ginger modified the colour of both raw and cooked burgers, leading to more yellow hue and reducing lightness. Aspect of burgers were affected by ginger powder addition, leading to a noticeable difference between the samples. During storage time, the highest modifications were recorded for control samples, followed by burgers with added ginger. Sensory evaluation highlighted that ginger enhanced the juiciness of the burgers; moreover, burgers with ginger powder presented a significant delay in microbial growth. Ginger powder might be considered as a potential ingredient in rabbit meat products to increase their quality and extend their shelf-life.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pedonese F, Fratini F, Pistelli L, Porta FM, Ciccio PD, Fischetti R, Turchi B, Nuvoloni R. Antimicrobial activity of four essential oils against pigmenting Pseudomonas fluorescens and biofilmproducing Staphylococcus aureus of dairy origin. Ital J Food Saf 2017; 6:6939. [PMID: 29564238 PMCID: PMC5850063 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2017.6939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are mixtures of secondary metabolites of plant origin with many useful properties, among which the antimicrobial activity is also of interest for the food industry. EOs can exert their antimicrobial potential both directly, in food products and active packaging, and indirectly, as sanitizing and anti-biofilm agents of food facility surfaces. Aim of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four EOs (bergamot, cinnamon, manuka and thyme) against Pseudomonas fluorescens and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and dairy products. The chemical composition of EOs was evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration values were determined by a microplate method against 9 Ps. fluorescens from marketed mozzarella with blue discoloration defect, and 3 biofilm-producing S. aureus from milk. Reference ATCC strains were included. Pigment production activity by Ps. fluorescens was assessed both in culture and in cheese. EOs of manuka (leptospermone 23%) and thyme (carvacrol 30%, pcymene 20%, thymol 15%) showed the highest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, MIC values were 0.012%-0.024% and 0.024% v/v, respectively; meanwhile EOs from thyme and cinnamon (cinnamaldehyde 55%) exhibited the best activity against Ps. fluorescens with MIC values of 0.098%-0.195% and 0.195%-0.391% v/v, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of these EOs is promising and they could be exploited in the dairy production chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Fischetti
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Lazio and Tuscany, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sagona S, Bozzicolonna R, Nuvoloni R, Cilia G, Torracca B, Felicioli A. Water activity of fresh bee pollen and mixtures of bee pollen-honey of different botanical origin. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
26
|
Vergara A, Normanno G, Di Ciccio P, Pedonese F, Nuvoloni R, Parisi A, Santagada G, Colagiorgi A, Zanardi E, Ghidini S, Ianieri A. Biofilm Formation and Its Relationship with the Molecular Characteristics of Food-Related Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). J Food Sci 2017; 82:2364-2370. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vergara
- Specialization School of Inspection of Foods of Animal Origin “G. Tiecco,” Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Univ. of Teramo; Piano D'Accio Teramo Italy
| | - Giovanni Normanno
- Dept. of Science of Agriculture, Food and the Environment (SAFE); Univ. of Foggia; via Napoli 25 - 71121 Foggia Italy
| | | | - Francesca Pedonese
- Dept. of Veterinary Sciences; Univ. of Pisa; Viale delle Piagge 2 - 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Dept. of Veterinary Sciences; Univ. of Pisa; Viale delle Piagge 2 - 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Antonio Parisi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Inst. of Apulia and Basilicata; via Manfredonia 20 -71121 Foggia Italy
| | - Gianfranco Santagada
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Inst. of Apulia and Basilicata; via Manfredonia 20 -71121 Foggia Italy
| | - Angelo Colagiorgi
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. of Parma; via del Taglio 10 - 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Emanuela Zanardi
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. of Parma; via del Taglio 10 - 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Sergio Ghidini
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. of Parma; via del Taglio 10 - 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Adriana Ianieri
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. of Parma; via del Taglio 10 - 43126 Parma Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mancini S, Paci G, Fratini F, Torracca B, Nuvoloni R, Dal Bosco A, Roscini V, Preziuso G. Improving pork burgers quality using Zingiber officinale Roscoe powder (ginger). Meat Sci 2017; 129:161-168. [PMID: 28314171 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pork burgers were evaluated for physical-chemical characteristics, fatty acids profile, lipid oxidation, antioxidant capacity, microbiological growth and sensory evaluation during storage time of seven days at 4°C as function of three formulations as only meat (control, B) and meat added with ginger powder at the percentage of 1 and 2% (BG1 and BG2). BG1 and BG2 were less redness than control ones with incremented yellow hue. These modifications in color parameters did not modify sensory characteristics of burgers. PUFA were incremented (both PUFAω3 and PUFAω6) by the addition of ginger. Furthermore, BG1 and BG2 burgers showed to be less sensitive to lipid oxidation and to possess an increase in antioxidant capacity. Microbial growth evaluation of total aerobic count and Pseudomonas spp. showed that ginger powder delayed in time the bacterial contamination. Results highlighted that the presence of ginger led to an enhanced shelf life and health characteristics of burgers (increasing peroxidisability, ratio hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic and ratio ω3/ω6; reducing atherogenicity and thrombogenicity).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Gisella Paci
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Beatrice Torracca
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia 06100, Italy
| | - Valentina Roscini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia 06100, Italy
| | - Giovanna Preziuso
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Stella S, Soncini G, Ziino G, Panebianco A, Pedonese F, Nuvoloni R, Di Giannatale E, Colavita G, Alberghini L, Giaccone V. Prevalence and quantification of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in Italian retail poultry meat: Analysis of influencing factors. Food Microbiol 2017; 62:232-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
29
|
Russo C, Balloni S, Altomonte I, Martini M, Nuvoloni R, Cecchi F, Pedonese F, Salari F, Sant’ana Da Silva AM, Torracca B, Profumo A. Fatty acid and microbiological profile of the meat (longissimus dorsi muscle) of wild boar (Sus scropha scropha) hunted in Tuscany. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1261006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CIRSeMAF, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Balloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Iolanda Altomonte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mina Martini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Cecchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pedonese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Salari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Beatrice Torracca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Torracca B, Pedonese F, López MB, Turchi B, Fratini F, Nuvoloni R. Effect of milk pasteurisation and of ripening in a cave on biogenic amine content and sensory properties of a pecorino cheese. Int Dairy J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
31
|
Turchi B, Nuvoloni R, Fratini F, Pedonese F, Ebani VV, Cerri D. Caciotta della Garfagnanacheese: selection and evaluation of autochthonous mesophilic lactic acid bacteria as starter cultures. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Galiero A, Fratini F, Mataragka A, Turchi B, Nuvoloni R, Ikonomopoulos J, Cerri D. Detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cheeses from small ruminants in Tuscany. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 217:195-9. [PMID: 26555160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Paratuberculosis is an infectious disease which affects mainly domestic and wild ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). Map has been associated with human diseases like Crohn disease, type-1 diabetes, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The aim of this study was to determine the level of Map positivity of cheeses produced in Tuscany (Italy) as an indication of human exposure to the specific pathogen. Sampling was focused on artisanal cheeses produced without commercial starter culture from raw sheep or goat milk, on small-scale farms. Samples were tested by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and culture. Map DNA was detected in 4/7 (57.14%) goat, and in 14/25 (56%) sheep cheeses by qPCR, whereas cultivation produced a positive result in only one case. This corresponded to a goat cheese that had also reacted positively by qPCR and yielded a viable Type S (sheep) strain of Map. The Map load of the tested samples based on qPCR ranged from 6×10 to 1.8×10(4)Map cells/g of cheese. The results indicate on average 56.57% and 66.6% positivity of cheese samples and farms, respectively. Hence, the type of cheeses that were analyzed within the context of this study seem to constitute a considerable source of human exposure to Map; although the question remains of whether the Map cells were present in a viable form, since positive results were almost exclusively recorded by qPCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Galiero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonia Mataragka
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Faculty of Animal Health and Aquaculture, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - John Ikonomopoulos
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Faculty of Animal Health and Aquaculture, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Domenico Cerri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Torracca B, Nuvoloni R, Ducci M, Bacci C, Pedonese F. Biogenic Amines Content of Four Types of “Pecorino” Cheese Manufactured in Tuscany. International Journal of Food Properties 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2013.877026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
34
|
Turchi B, Van Tassell M, Lee A, Nuvoloni R, Cerri D, Miller M. Short communication: Phenotypic and genetic diversity of wild Lactococcus lactis isolated from traditional Pecorino cheeses of Tuscany. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:3558-63. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
35
|
Turchi B, Mancini S, Fratini F, Pedonese F, Nuvoloni R, Bertelloni F, Ebani VV, Cerri D. Preliminary evaluation of probiotic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Italian food products. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 29:1913-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Nuvoloni R, Nannipieri A, Purini E, Pedonese F, Turchi B, Torracca B, Benini O. CHARACTERISATION OF PGI LARDO DI COLONNATA. Ital J Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2012.4.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
37
|
Nuvoloni R, Pedonese F, Fratini F, Torracca B, Turchi B, Serra A, Preziuso G. Microbiological and physicochemical profile of traditional Salsicda toscanaduring storage. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2012.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
38
|
Forzale F, Giorgi M, Pedonese F, Nuvoloni R, D’Ascenzi C, Rindi S. BIOGENIC AMINE CONTENT IN “PECORINO DEL PARCO DI MIGLIARINO - SAN ROSSORE”. Ital J Food Saf 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2011.1s.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
39
|
Fratini F, Nuvoloni R, Ebani VV, Faedda L, Bertelloni F, Fiorenza G, Cerri D. Raw milk for sale in Pisa province: biosecurity of dairy farms and hygienic evaluation of milk. Vet Res Commun 2010; 34 Suppl 1:S171-4. [PMID: 20490662 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-010-9384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Selling raw milk by automatic dispenser on the farm is a good way to increase income. The aim of the present research is to evaluate both the biosecurity of dairy farms in the Pisa province and the hygienic quality of raw milk. Two farms, chosen because of previously analyzed results carried out on animals and milk, were monitored for 9 months according to the regional law DGR 381/2007. The results obtained showed that these farms presented good cattle health status. The raw milk tested was of a satisfactory hygienic quality, with great variability among milk samples in certain parameters, such as somatic cell count. This study confirmed the importance of consistent, ongoing control of safety conditions on dairy farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Fratini
- Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Profilassi e Igiene degli Alimenti, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
D’Ascenzi C, Pedonese F, Nicodemi L, Nuvoloni R, Forzale F, Rindi S. EFFECTIVENESS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN DIRECTLY RAW MILK SELLING AT “E. AVANZI” CENTER OF PISA UNIVERSITY. Ital J Food Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2010.7.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
41
|
Nassi R, Nuvoloni R, Forzale F, Pedonese F, Gerardo B, Cambi L, D’Ascenzi C. DÖNER KEBAB RETAILED ON THE LUCCA AREA: RESULTS OF SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITY. Ital J Food Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2010.7.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
42
|
Pedonese F, Innocenti E, Nuvoloni R, Sartini L, D'Ascenzi C, Cerri D, Rindi S. Occurrence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in foods of animal origin purchased in Tuscany. Vet Res Commun 2005; 29 Suppl 2:347-9. [PMID: 16244991 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-005-0078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Pedonese
- Department of Animal Pathology, Prophylaxis and Food Hygiene, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2-56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cerri D, Ebani VV, Pedrini A, Nuvoloni R, Renzoni G, Andreani E, Farina R. Epididymitis by Brucella ovis: experimental infection in virgin ram lambs. New Microbiol 1999; 22:227-31. [PMID: 10423741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Ten sexually immature rams were experimentally infected with Brucella ovis, to verify the antibody kinetics and its localization in urinary and genital tracts. All animals became positive to the complement fixation test from the 2nd post infection (p.i.) week and reached the maximum titre (1:256) on the 4th p.i. week. Bacteriemia was demonstrated on 3rd, 4th and 5th p.i. weeks. Two animals, respectively slaughtered 11 and 13 weeks after the infection, showed macroscopic and microscopic genital lesions and the etiologic agent was cultured from their urine and genital organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Cerri
- Department of Animal Pathology, Prophylaxis and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Farina R, Cerri D, Renzoni G, Andreani E, Mani P, Ebani V, Pedrini A, Nuvoloni R. Leptospira interrogans in the genital tract of sheep. Research on ewes and rams experimentally infected with serovar hardjo (hardjobovis). New Microbiol 1996; 19:235-42. [PMID: 8841039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To verify if Leptospira hardjo can colonize the male and female genital organs of sheep, 9 animals (6 non pregnant ewes and 3 mature rams) were infected with a strain of L. hardjobovis recently recovered from the kidneys of a seropositive ewe. Postinfection controls (bacteriologic, serologic, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy) failed to disclose the presence of leptospires in the uterus and oviducts, testicles, epididymis, prostate and bulbourethral glands of animals used for the experiment and slaughtered from 37 to 242 postinfection days. All animals showed a renal localization of L. hardjobovis lasting for the entire period of the study (over 8 months). These results emphasize the important role of sheep as maintenance hosts of the serovar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Farina
- Department of Animal Pathology, Prophylaxis and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cerri D, Nuvoloni R, Ebani V, Pedrini A, Mani P, Andreani E, Farina R. Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in the kidneys and genital tracts of naturally infected sheep. New Microbiol 1996; 19:175-8. [PMID: 8722315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A bacteriological study was carried out to identify possible renal and/or genital carriers of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. L. hardjo was found at slaughter in the kidneys of three seropositive ewes, but not in uterus or salpinges of these animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Cerri
- Department of Animal Pathology, Prophylaxis and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Four beagle dogs were inoculated subcutaneously with the BITs1 Italian strain of Borrelia burgdorferi. Only one dog became infected and B burgdorferi was isolated from its blood and urine three and four weeks after infection. B burgdorferi antibodies were detected by immunofluorescence from four to 11 weeks after infection. An uninoculated dog kept in the same run as the infected dog, developed a positive serological response, but none of the five dogs showed clinical signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Cerri
- Department of Animal Pathology, Prophylaxis and Food Hygiene, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|