1
|
Giusti A, Spatola G, Mancini S, Nuvoloni R, Armani A. Novel foods, old issues: Metabarcoding revealed mislabeling in insect-based products sold by e-commerce on the EU market. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114268. [PMID: 38609245 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Insects intended for human consumption are considered Novel Foods according to EU legislation. marketed in form of powders, bars, snacks are increasingly available on the EU market, especially on e-commerce. The commercial form and the way of distribution make IBPs particularly prone to mislabeling. Literature concerning the mislabeling occurrence in IBPs is extremely scarce. In this study, 46 processed IBPs were collected on nine EU e-commerce platforms (e-CO) to be authenticated by metabarcoding. A 200 bp region from 16S rRNA gene was used as molecular target. Sequencing data were processed using DADA2 R package, and sequences were taxonomically assigned through BLAST analysis against GenBank. Procedural blanks and positive controls were included in the analysis, and threshold values were established to filter the final data. The mislabeling rate (i. e. the mismatch between the species declared on the IBP label and the species identified by metabarcoding) was calculated. Overall, a high mislabeling rate (33.3 %) was observed, although this percentage is influenced by the e-CO platform and the insect species, with A. domesticus particularly involved. The use of species not listed in authorized Novel Food (e. g. Gryllus locorojo), and/or the partial replacement of high value species with lower value species was highlighted for the first time in processed IBPs. The presence of insect pests was also detected. Metabarcoding was confirmed as an effective tool for IBPs authentication. Also, outcomes from this study can provide useful data on the main issues involving the EU IBPs' market, that can represent an incentive to reinforce both official controls and FBO's self-controls on these poorly investigated products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giusti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Spatola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Nuvoloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Albano L, Losa M, Barzaghi LR, Spatola G, Panni P, Terreni MR, Mortini P. Primary sellar melanocytoma: pathological, clinical and treatment review. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:575-585. [PMID: 31797309 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sellar melanocytomas represent a small subgroup of primary melanocytic tumors. They arise from melanocytes located in the meningeal lining of the sellar floor or in the diaphragma sellae and this location is very uncommon. Usually, sellar melanocytomas are benign and slow-growing tumors with a high likelihood of recurrence. PURPOSE To our knowledge, due to the rarity of this condition, there are no guidelines regarding their diagnosis and treatment in the medical literature to date. We have developed a narrative review, analyzing the available studies regarding primary sellar melanocytomas reported in the medical literature. We have found ten papers on this topic and all of them are case reports. In all patients, tumor diagnosis was performed after the occurrence of neurological symptoms, in particular progressive visual loss or endocrinological disorders. The diagnosis is difficult, and it requires several preoperative and postoperative investigations, but histological examination is crucial. CONCLUSIONS Transsphenoidal surgery is the first-choice treatment. In case of tumor's recurrence or regrowth, the role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is not entirely clear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Albano
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Losa
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - L R Barzaghi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - G Spatola
- Department of Neurosurgery, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - P Panni
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - M R Terreni
- Department of Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - P Mortini
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Franzin A, Spatola G, Giudice L, Migliorati K, Vivaldi O, Giorgi C. Maintaining stereotactic radiosurgical treatments during Covid-19 outbreak: the case of the Gamma Knife Unit in Brescia - Italy. Br J Neurosurg 2020; 34:353-354. [PMID: 32347128 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1758297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Franzin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Spatola
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - L Giudice
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - K Migliorati
- Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - O Vivaldi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Giorgi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bellavia M, Rappa F, Lo Bello M, Brecchia G, Tomasello G, Leone A, Spatola G, Uzzo ML, Bonaventura G, David S, Damiani P, Hajj Hussein I, Zeenny MN, Jurjus A, Schembri-Wismayer P, Cocchi M, Zummo G, Farina F, Gerbino A, Cappello F, Traina G. Lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium lactis supplementation reduces tissue damage of intestinal mucosa and liver after 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid treatment in mice. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2014; 28:251-261. [PMID: 25001657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics (PB) are living microorganisms that act as a commensal population in normal intestines and confer numerous beneficial effects on the host. The introduction of probiotics in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prolongs remission. The aim of this study was to investigate the intestinal and hepatic effects of PB supplementation in an experimental IBD model in mice induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). In the first step of the experimental procedure, CD-1 male mice, 5 to 6 weeks old, were randomly divided into 3 groups and inoculated intrarectally with, respectively, saline, alcohol, or TNBS to assess the experimental IBD model. In the second step, mice treated, or not, with TNBS inoculation, were treated with PB (Lactobacillus Casei, Bifidobacterum Lactis) for 1, 2 or 3 weeks, on a daily basis. Large bowel (colon and rectum) and liver were processed for histological alterations, according to a scoring system. Large bowel was also assessed for apoptosis by TUNEL assay. TNBS induced, as expected, severe damage and inflammation in the large bowel, including nuclear alterations and apoptosis, and, to a lesser extent, to the liver. Administration of PB determined significant reduction of both histological alterations and apoptosis. PB administration in advance protects from inflammation. In conclusion, supplementation with Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterum lactis PB is able to ameliorate the colitis by reversing the histological changes caused by TNBS in mice. Experimentation in human subjects in needed to prove their efficacy in reducing histological alterations that may be present in subjects with IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bellavia
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Rappa
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Lo Bello
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Tomasello
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Leone
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Spatola
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - M L Uzzo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Bonaventura
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - S David
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - P Damiani
- Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - I Hajj Hussein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester (MI) USA
| | - M N Zeenny
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Jurjus
- Department of Human Morphology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - M Cocchi
- Paolo Sotgiu' Institute, L.U.de.S. University, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - G Zummo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Farina
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Gerbino
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Cappello
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Traina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|