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Chamari K, Schumacher YO, Chaabane M, Rekik RN, Chebbi S, Daoud R, Bache-Mathiesen LK, Alkhelaifi K, Bahr R, Tabben M. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on injury risk in Qatar's professional football. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:522-527. [PMID: 37777395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare injury incidence, burden and characteristics between the pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown periods in Qatari professional football. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Injury and exposure data for two post-COVID-19 lockdown periods [early post-lockdown period: short-term ~2 months (54 matches) and late post-lockdown period: long-term 8-months (183 matches)] were compared to the benchmark of the same periods from the three previous seasons (2017/18-2019/20). RESULTS We observed no difference in overall, training or match incidence between early post-lockdown period and the benchmark reference. However, this short-term period resulted in lower burden for overall- (RR 0.80, P < 0.0001), training- (RR 0.73, P < 0.0001) and match-injuries (RR 0.40, P < 0.0001) compared to the benchmark. During late post-lockdown period match injury incidence (RR 0.72, P = 0.0010) and match injury burden (RR 0.69, P < 0.001) were lower than the benchmark. In contrast, both overall- (RR 1.30, P < 0.001) and training-injury burden (RR 1.65, P < 0.001) were higher. A significant increase in adductor strains in both post-lockdown periods was observed. CONCLUSIONS Immediately after the COVID-19 lockdown (short-term effect), there was no difference in injury incidence but a lower injury burden compared to benchmark. Moreover, the rapid return to competition for the successive season (long-term effect) was associated with a higher overall- and training-injury burden, but a lower match-injury burden compared to the benchmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Chamari
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Ramadan Daoud
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar
| | | | | | - Roald Bahr
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar; Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway
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2
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Matsunaga R, Nagao M, Akagi R, Fukai A, Sando T, Ikeda H, Taketomi S. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Injury Incidence in Japanese Male Professional Soccer Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671221149373. [PMID: 36860773 PMCID: PMC9969458 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221149373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to an enforced quarantine period and limited training and match activities for athletes. Purpose To report the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of injury in Japanese male professional soccer players. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods In total, 21 clubs in the 2019 season and 28 clubs in the 2020 season from the Japan Professional Football League were prospectively followed, and 16 clubs in 2019 and 24 clubs in 2020 were analyzed in this study. Individual training, match exposure, and time-loss injuries were recorded using an electronic data capture system. The influence of COVID-19-related suspension during the 2020 season was retrospectively investigated via comparisons with the 2019 season. Results Total activity time included 114,001 hours in training and 16,339 hours in matches in 2019 and 170,798 hours in training and 25,411 hours in matches in 2020. The mean training interruption period caused by COVID-19 in 2020 was 39.9 days (range, 3-65 days), and the mean game-interruption period was 70.1 days (range, 58-79 days). The total number of injuries was 1495 in 2019 and 1701 in 2020. The overall injury incidence per 1000 hours of exposure was 5.7 in 2019 and 5.8 in 2020. The overall injury burden per 1000 hours of exposure was 155.5 days in 2019 and 130.2 days in 2020. The muscle injury incidence was highest in May 2020, immediately after the suspension period. Conclusion The overall injury incidence did not differ between 2019 and 2020. However, muscle injury incidence notably increased in the 2 months after the COVID-19 pandemic suspension period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masashi Nagao
- Surveillance Subcommittee, Medical Committee, Japan Football
Association, Tokyo, Japan.,Masashi Nagao, MD, PhD, Japan Football Association, 3-10-15
Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113 8311, Japan (
)
| | - Ryuichiro Akagi
- Surveillance Subcommittee, Medical Committee, Japan Football
Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukai
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo,
Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Medical Committee, Japan Football Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Taketomi
- Surveillance Subcommittee, Medical Committee, Japan Football
Association, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Committee, Japan Football Association, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Mazza D, Annibaldi A, Princi G, Arioli L, Marzilli F, Monaco E, Ferretti A. Injuries During Return to Sport After the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Epidemiologic Study of Italian Professional Soccer Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671221101612. [PMID: 35722177 PMCID: PMC9201316 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The injury rate in professional soccer players may be influenced by match
frequency. Purpose: To assess how changes in match frequency that occurred because of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) influenced training and match injuries in the
Italian Serie A league. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Three phases in the Serie A league, each 41 days long, were evaluated: phase
A was the beginning of the 2019-2020 season; phase B was a period after the
COVID-19 lockdown was lifted, when the remaining matches of the season were
played with greater frequency; and phase C was the beginning of the
2020-2021 season. All male professional soccer players who were injured
during the 3 phases were included. Player age, height, position, injury
history, and return to play (RTP) were retrieved from a publicly available
website. Training- and match-related injuries during each of the 3 phases
were collected and compared. Moreover, match injuries that occurred after
the lockdown phase (phase B), in which there were 12 days designated for
playing matches (“match-days”), were compared with injuries in the first 12
match-days of phases A and C. Results: When comparing 41-day periods, we observed the injury burden (per 1000
exposure-hours) was significantly lower in phase B (278.99 days absent) than
in phase A (425.4 days absent; P < .05) and phase C
(484.76 days absent; P < .05). A longer mean RTP period
was recorded in phase A than in phase B (44.6 vs 23.1 days;
P < .05). Regarding 12–match day periods (81 days in
phase A, 41 days in phase B, and 89 days in phase C), there was a
significantly higher match injury rate (0.56 vs 0.39 injuries/1000
exposure-hours; P < .05) and incidence (11.8% vs 9.3%;
P < .05) in phase B than in phase A and a longer
mean RTP period in phase A than in phase B (41.8 vs 23.1 days;
P < .05). Finally, the rate and incidence of
training-related injuries were significantly higher in phase B (4.6
injuries/1000 exposure-hours and 6.5, respectively) than in phase A (1.41
injuries/1000 exposure-hours and 2.04, respectively) (P
< .05). Conclusion: Both training- and match-related injuries were greater during the abbreviated
period after the COVID-19 lockdown. These may be linked to the greater match
frequency of that period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mazza
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy.,Italian Football Research Group, Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Annibaldi
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy.,Italian Football Research Group, Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Princi
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy.,Italian Football Research Group, Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Arioli
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Marzilli
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Monaco
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ferretti
- Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy.,Italian Football Research Group, Orthopedic Unit and "Kirk Kilgour" Sports Injury Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
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4
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Organising football matches with spectators during the COVID-19 pandemic: What can we learn from the Amir Cup Football Final of Qatar 2020? A call for action. Biol Sport 2021; 38:677-681. [PMID: 34937978 PMCID: PMC8670791 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.103568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a potential threat to professional sporting events when they eventually return to their usual calendar with spectators’ capacity of football stadiums usually exceeding 40,000 seats for important events. Hence, a strategy for safe return to sporting events is needed in the COVID-19 pandemic to pave the way towards a new normalcy. We reviewed the guidelines and policies implemented in organising the Amir Cup Football Final of Qatar, which hosted about 20,000 fans. The authors evaluated the publicly available information on the official websites of the various organizations involved and highlight the importance and usefulness of the Covid-19 Rapid Antigen Assay-Kit as a tool for screening sports spectators as well as the importance of a rigorous spectator pathway, including their accurate traceability thanks to a specific mobile phone application. Despite the surging of COVID-19 all over the world, a big football event with around 20,000 spectators in the same stadium has been hosted under strongly controlled preventative measures. These preventative measures show that it is possible to organize a major football match held outdoors, with the presence of thousands of supporters. This article is a call for action for the organisers of such events where the supporters’ health status is traceable to provide the scientific community with actual data of post-event infection rates. Therefore, it is suggested to consider using procedures like the ones described in the present article as a potential model in the process of organizing big sporting events with spectators in times of COVID-19.
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5
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Belli E, Filipas L, LA Torre A, Vitale JA. Incidence of injuries in semi-professional soccer: a six-month retrospective study in the Italian fourth division. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:938-943. [PMID: 34651609 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soccer is one of the most popular sports in the world involving about 200 million athletes. Injury management in soccer is crucial for performance and for the costs related to rehabilitation and absence from official matches. While there is quite an exhaustive literature regarding injuries in professional soccer, for amateur soccer the incidence of injuries remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence of injuries in the fourth Italian soccer division during the competitive season. METHODS Medical staff completed an injury report every two months during the competitive season of the fourth Italian soccer division (14 teams, n = 278). The specific description of the problem, player field-position, number of training losses and number of match losses were collected for each player. The time periods were September/October (T1) November/December (T2), January/February (T3). RESULTS A significant association between injury type and the period of the season was observed: muscle and tendon injuries were the most prevalent injury type (48.9 %) in all three periods (χ2 (10) = 33.86, p < 0.001). Overall, 108 (39.7 %) injuries occurred at T1, 90 (33.1 %) at T2 and 74 (27.2 %) at T3 (χ2 (12) = 20.32, p = 0.071). CONCLUSIONS Coaches and athletic trainers should be aware of this greater injury risk when preparing a training program for the season, to implement injury prevention protocols for the most prevalent injury types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ennio Belli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Filipas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy - .,Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio LA Torre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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6
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Snodgrass SJ, Ryan KE, Miller A, James D, Callister R. Relationship between Posture and Non-Contact Lower Limb Injury in Young Male Amateur Football Players: A Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126424. [PMID: 34198516 PMCID: PMC8296252 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Posture, a potentially modifiable injury risk factor, is considered important in injury screening/prevention in athletes, yet few studies investigate relationships between posture and injury. This prospective cohort study investigated whether static posture is associated with lower limb injury risk in male football players (n = 263). Nine aspects of static standing posture (left and right rearfoot, knee interspace, lateral knee, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, scoliosis S and C, forward head) were assessed from photographs during the pre-season using the modified Watson and Mac Donncha scale, which was dichotomised for analysis (deviated or normal). Player characteristics (age, height, mass, body mass index, competition level), match/training exposure, and previous and in-season non-contact lower limb injuries were recorded. Binary logistic regression investigated relationships between posture and injury (previous and in-season). Eighty previous and 24 in-season lower limb injuries were recorded. Previous injury was not associated with any postural variable. In-season injury was associated with previous injury (OR = 3.04, 95% CI 1.20-7.68, p = 0.02) and having a normal thoracic curve compared to kyphosis (OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.15-1.00, p = 0.05) but no other postural variables. Static postural deviations observed in male football players in the pre-season are not typically associated with non-contact lower limb injury risk; thus, they are unlikely to add value to pre-season screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J. Snodgrass
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (K.E.R.); (D.J.)
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kathleen E. Ryan
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (K.E.R.); (D.J.)
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Andrew Miller
- School of Education, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
| | - Daphne James
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (K.E.R.); (D.J.)
| | - Robin Callister
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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7
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Alahmad TA, Tierney AC, Cahalan RM, Almaflehi NS, Clifford AM. Injury risk profile of amateur Irish women soccer players and players' opinions on risk factors and prevention strategies. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 50:184-194. [PMID: 34098324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore injury profile, opinions on risk factors and injury prevention, among Irish amateur women soccer players. DESIGN A cross-sectional online survey. SETTING Irish amateur winter league. PARTICIPANTS Active players ≤18 years of age. MAIN OUTCOMES Differences were found between injured and uninjured groups, and risk factors that significantly predict soccer injury were identified. RESULTS 168 injuries were reported by 83 respondents during the winter season. An increased prevalence of competition anxiety was observed in (53.8%:n = 85 of respondents) compared to other risk factors. There was a negative association between injuries and players' general health state (OR = 0.820, 95% CI 0.7-0.9, p = 0.007). Players' knowledge about some risk factors including playing position, joint hypermobility, and playing during menses contradicts current evidence. 50%; n = 67 of the respondents had not received any education on injury risk or prevention. CONCLUSION This study identified that Irish amateur women soccer players that responded have different characteristics, prevalence of risk factors and injury profiles to women players from different levels and countries. The findings suggest that some players may not be aware of the existing evidence base pertaining to common risk factors for injury. Further research is required to confirm the findings and explore the implementation of injury prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani A Alahmad
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Audrey C Tierney
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; School of Allied Health and Health Implementation Science and Technology Group, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Roisin M Cahalan
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Nassr S Almaflehi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; KSU Chair of Medical Education Research and Development, Collage of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amanda M Clifford
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; Ageing Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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8
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Lemes IR, Pinto RZ, Lage VN, Roch BAB, Verhagen E, Bolling C, Aquino CF, Fonseca ST, Souza TR. Do exercise-based prevention programmes reduce non-contact musculoskeletal injuries in football (soccer)? A systematic review and meta-analysis with 13 355 athletes and more than 1 million exposure hours. Br J Sports Med 2021; 55:1170-1178. [PMID: 34001503 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-103683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of exercise-based programmes in the prevention of non-contact musculoskeletal injuries among football players in comparison to a control group. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PEDro and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from the earliest record to January 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies were eligible if they (1) included football players aged 13 years or older, (2) used exercise-based programmes as intervention, (3) presented the number of non-contact musculoskeletal injuries (ie, defined as any acute sudden onset musculoskeletal injury that occurred without physical contact) and exposure hours for each group, and (4) had a control group (eg, usual training, minimal intervention, education). All types of exercise-based prevention programmes were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias for each included study and overall quality of evidence for the meta-analysis were assessed. RESULTS Ten original randomised controlled trials with 13 355 football players and 1 062 711 hours of exposure were selected. Pooled injury risk ratio showed very low-quality evidence that exercise-based prevention programmes reduced the risk of non-contact musculoskeletal injuries by 23% (0.77 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.97)) compared with a control group. CONCLUSION Exercise-based prevention programmes may reduce the risk of non-contact musculoskeletal injuries by 23% among football players. Future high-quality trials are still needed to clarify the role of exercise-based programmes in preventing non-contact musculoskeletal injuries among football players. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020173017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Ribeiro Lemes
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Zambelli Pinto
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vitor N Lage
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bárbara A B Roch
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports & Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports & Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Ferreira Aquino
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Sérgio T Fonseca
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thales R Souza
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil .,Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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9
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Tabben M, Eirale C, Singh G, Al-Kuwari A, Ekstrand J, Chalabi H, Bahr R, Chamari K. Injury and illness epidemiology in professional Asian football: lower general incidence and burden but higher ACL and hamstring injury burden compared with Europe. Br J Sports Med 2021; 56:18-23. [PMID: 33402346 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While football injury and illness epidemiology surveillance at professional club level in Europe is available, epidemiological data from other continents are lacking. PURPOSE Investigating injury and illness epidemiology in professional Asian football. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive prospective study. METHODS Professional teams from the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) league were followed prospectively for three consecutive AFC seasons (2017 through 2019, 13 teams per season, 322 team months). Time-loss injuries and illnesses in addition to individual match and training exposure were recorded using standardised digital tools in accordance with international consensus procedures. RESULTS In total, 232 665 hours of exposure (88.6% training and 11.4% matches) and 1159 injuries were recorded; 496 (42.8%) occurred during matches, 610 (52.6%) during training; 32 (2.8%) were reported as 'not applicable' and for 21 injuries (1.8%) information was missing. Injury incidence was significantly greater during match play (19.2±8.6 injuries per 1000 hours) than training (2.8±1.4, p<0.0001), resulting in a low overall incidence of 5.1±2.2.The injury burden for match injuries was greater than from training injuries (456±336 days per 1000 hours vs 54±34 days, p<0.0001). The two specific injuries causing the greatest burden were complete ACL ruptures (0.14 injuries (95% CI 0.9 to 0.19) and 29.8 days lost (29.1 to 30.5) per 1000 hours) and hamstring strains (0.86 injuries (0.74 to 0.99) and 17.5 days (17.0 to 18.1) lost per 1000 hours).Reinjuries constituted 9.9% of all injuries. Index injuries caused 22.6±40.8 days of absence compared with 25.1±39 for reinjuries (p=0.62). The 175 illnesses recorded resulted in 1.4±2.9 days of time loss per team per month. CONCLUSION Professional Asian football is characterised by an overall injury incidence similar to that reported from Europe, but with a high rate of ACL ruptures and hamstring injury, warranting further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gurcharan Singh
- Sports Medicine Unit, Asian Football Confederation, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Jan Ekstrand
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hakim Chalabi
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Roald Bahr
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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10
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Medical recommendations for home-confined footballers' training during the COVID-19 pandemic: from evidence to practical application. Biol Sport 2020; 37:203-207. [PMID: 32508388 PMCID: PMC7249801 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.94348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In early 2020, the world is facing a global emergency called COVID-19. Many professional footballers around the world are home confined. The maintenance of physical capacity is a fundamental requirement for the athlete, so the training sessions must be adapted to this unique situation. Specific recommendations must be followed concerning the type of training, its intensity, the precautions that have to be followed to avoid the possibility of contagion, and the restrictions in accordance with the presence of any symptoms. This article analyses the available scientific evidence in order to recommend a practical approach.
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11
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Lu D, McCall A, Jones M, Kovalchik S, Steinweg J, Gelis L, Duffield R. Injury epidemiology in Australian male professional soccer. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 23:574-579. [PMID: 32008909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the injury epidemiology of the Australian male professional soccer league (A-League) over 6 consecutive seasons. DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. METHODS Match-loss injury data was collected from each A-League club (n=10) for each competition match (n=27/season) over 6 seasons (2012/13-2017/18). Injuries were collected weekly through a standardised protocol and were classified by setting, mechanism, severity, the type and location on the body. Generalised Linear Models were used to estimate the injury incidences (injury/round/season), whilst rate ratios were reported for total injuries and within abovementioned injury classifications. RESULTS Overall injury incidence was not significantly different ranging from 4.8 (95%CI:4.1-5.8) to 6.7 (95%CI:5.8-7.8) between seasons 2012/13 to 2017/18 (p>0.05). Match injuries remained stable whilst training injuries decreased across the 6 seasons (exp(β) 0.59[95%CI:0.36-1.0]; p=0.04). Respectively, contact and non-contact injuries were not significantly different across the 6 seasons, although non-contact injuries were more common than contact injuries (p>0.05). Mild severity injuries decreased (exp(β) 0.64 [95%CI:0.4-0.9];p=0.02), whilst moderate severity injuries increased (exp(β) 1.7 [95%CI:1.0-2.8];p=0.04) in season 2017/18 compared to 2012/13. The most common injuries were at thigh (23-36%), of which the majority were hamstring injuries (54%-65%) of muscle/tendon type (50-60% of total injuries/season). Injuries remained stable across the seasons by type and location (p>0.05 and p>0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Injury rates, mechanisms, locations and types have remained relatively stable over recent seasons of the A-League. Current Australian professional soccer league medical practices may have contributed to the stability of injury rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Lu
- Sport & Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia; Medical Department, Football Federation Australia, Australia.
| | - Alan McCall
- Sport & Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia; Medical Department, Football Federation Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Jones
- Medical Department, Football Federation Australia, Australia
| | | | - Jeff Steinweg
- Medical Department, Football Federation Australia, Australia
| | - Les Gelis
- Medical Department, Football Federation Australia, Australia
| | - Rob Duffield
- Sport & Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia; Medical Department, Football Federation Australia, Australia
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Volpi P, Quaglia A, Carimati G, Petrillo S, Bisciotti GN. High incidence of hip and knee arthroplasty in former professional, male football players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 59:1558-1563. [DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Rekik RN, Tabben M, Eirale C, Landreau P, Bouras R, Wilson MG, Gillogly S, Bahr R, Chamari K. ACL injury incidence, severity and patterns in professional male soccer players in a Middle Eastern league. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018; 4:e000461. [PMID: 30498577 PMCID: PMC6241976 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To ascertain ACL injury incidence, severity (injury burden) and patterns (contact/non-contact and reinjuries) in a professional male football league in the Middle East over five consecutive seasons. Methods Prospective epidemiological study reporting ACL injuries in professional male soccer players in the Qatar Stars League, with complete matches/training exposure over five seasons (2013–2014 to 2017–2018), corresponding to 2243 player seasons and 729 team months. Results 37 complete ACL ruptures occurred in 37 players during 486 951 hours of player exposure. The overall ACL injury rate was 0.076 injuries/1000 hours of exposure (season range 0.045–0.098). Injury incidence during matches and training was 0.41 and 0.04 injuries/1000 hours of exposure, respectively. Match injury incidence was greater than that of training (OR 11.8, 95% CI 6.21 to 23.23, p<0.001). Average injury-related time-loss following ACL injury was 225 days±65 (range 116–360). Overall injury burden was 16.3 days lost/1000 hours of exposure. Conclusion The overall ACL injury rate in professional male soccer players competing in the Middle East was 0.076 injuries/1000 hours of exposure, match injury incidence was greater than training, while the average ACL time-loss was 225 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raouf Nader Rekik
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Superior Institute For Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | - Rachid Bouras
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mathew G Wilson
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Scott Gillogly
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Roald Bahr
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian University of Sport & Physical Education, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Klein C, Henke T, Platen P. Injuries in football (soccer)—a systematic review of epidemiology and aetiological aspects. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-018-0530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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