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Abufraijeh SM, Al-Kharabsheh AM, Uwais AN, Al Qasem M. Maternal Risk Factors, Patterns, and Outcomes of Antenatal Congenital Anomalies: A Hospital-Based Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2025; 15:1201. [PMID: 40428194 PMCID: PMC12109645 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2025] [Revised: 04/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Congenital anomalies (CAs) are structural or functional abnormalities contributing to global neonatal morbidity and mortality. Data on antenatally diagnosed CAs in southern Jordan are limited. The present study reports their prevalence and patterns at the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Clinic of a governmental hospital and examines associated maternal, pregnancy, and delivery outcomes. Methods: This retrospective, hospital-based study involved all pregnant women who presented to the clinic between January 2022 to December 2023 and were diagnosed with congenital fetal anomalies. Data about maternal characteristics, classification of fetal anomalies, and pregnancy outcomes were retrieved from medical files. Statistical analyses comprised chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, independent t-tests, and multiple binary logistic regressions. Results: Among the 750 pregnant women, 74 (9.9%) were diagnosed with CAs. Urinary system anomalies were the most common (54.1%), followed by central nervous system (CNS) anomalies (37.8%). Major anomalies constituted 59.5%, whereas 40.5% were minor anomalies. Gestational age at diagnosis and birthweight were significantly associated with major anomalies (p < 0.05). All stillbirths (10.8%) and pregnancy losses before 24 weeks of gestation (9.5%) occurred in cases with major anomalies (p < 0.05). Though preterm delivery rates were higher with major anomalies, this association was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Major CAs (59.5%) in this southern Jordan cohort were strongly linked to stillbirths and early pregnancy loss, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and improved prenatal care. Targeted interventions, including anomaly scans and risk factor (RF) screening, may reduce the 9.9% prevalence observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham M. Abufraijeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Alkarak 61710, Jordan; (A.M.A.-K.); (A.N.U.); (M.A.Q.)
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Adam H, Ghenimi N, ElKhalil R, Narchi H, Elbarazi I, Al-Rifai RH, Ahmed LA. Epidemiology of congenital anomalies in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2025; 15:e093825. [PMID: 40194876 PMCID: PMC11977483 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Congenital anomalies (CAs) are significant contributors to perinatal mortality and morbidity. The epidemiology of CAs in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries remains insufficiently explored. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on the epidemiology of perinatally diagnosed CAs in the GCC countries. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science for articles published between 1 January 2000 and 1 February 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA This review included (a) original observational studies such as cross-sectional, cohort or nested case-control studies, which were sourced from general populations, hospital records or registries; (b) published in English between 2000 and 2024; (c) conducted in any of the six GCC countries; and (d) reporting the prevalence or incidence of CAs. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for inclusion and extracted data using Covidence software. RESULTS In total, 51 studies reporting the epidemiology of CAs in the GCC countries were eligible and thus summarised. Saudi Arabia dominated with nearly two-thirds of the studies, while Bahrain contributed the least. All studies were hospital based and primarily retrospective. The most researched CAs were cleft lip and cleft palate as well as nervous and circulatory system anomalies, whereas the least researched CAs were chromosomal abnormalities, digestive anomalies and urinary system anomalies. The review reported discrepancies in CA rates across the region, ranging from 2.5 to 68.7 per 1000 live births for multiple anomalies. Few studies explored the association between CAs and risk factors; the main factors reported were advanced maternal age, maternal diabetes and consanguinity. CONCLUSIONS This review summarises the heightened prevalence of CAs in the GCC countries, discrepancies in estimates and gaps in research on specific anomalies. Future research is warranted to explore the association between CAs and various risk factors, thereby enabling the development of targeted preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Adam
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Nadirah Ghenimi
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Rouwida ElKhalil
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Hassib Narchi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Rami H Al-Rifai
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Luai A Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
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Alshehri FS, Ashour AM, Alorfi NM. Public Awareness and Perceptions of Congenital Disabilities in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2025; 18:1069-1083. [PMID: 40177650 PMCID: PMC11962516 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s513016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 03/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the public awareness, knowledge, and perception of congenital disabilities in Saudi Arabia, with a focus on identifying demographic factors that influence these perceptions. Methods A structured questionnaire was distributed to 1007 participants across various regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire covered demographic information, knowledge of congenital disabilities, awareness of genetic and pharmacological risk factors, and engagement in preventive practices. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and general linear modeling to understand the impact of demographic variables on awareness and preventive behaviors. Results The study showed moderate public awareness and knowledge about congenital disabilities, with 49.6% of respondents acknowledging awareness and only 8.3% demonstrating excellent understanding. Perceived risks associated with genetic and environmental factors were recognized by over half of the participants. The awareness did not consistently translate into engagement in preventive practices, which remained suboptimal across the population. Demographic factors such as age and having children significantly influenced both risk perception and engagement in preventive behaviors. Conclusion Despite moderate levels of awareness, there remains a significant gap in comprehensive knowledge and active engagement in preventive practices against congenital disabilities in Saudi Arabia. The findings suggest the need for targeted educational programs and public health initiatives to enhance understanding and proactive management of risk factors associated with congenital disabilities. These efforts should particularly focus on younger populations and those without children, where risk perception and engagement were lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad S Alshehri
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, 11614, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Ashour
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, 11614, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M Alorfi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Hasegawa K, Motoki N, Inaba Y, Toubou H, Shibazaki T, Nakayama SF, Kamijima M, Tsukahara T, Nomiyama T. Maternal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Offspring Chromosomal Abnormalities: The Japan Environment and Children's Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:97004. [PMID: 39258902 PMCID: PMC11389478 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although recent in vitro experimental results have raised the question of whether maternal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may be a potential environmental risk factor for chromosomal abnormalities, epidemiological studies investigating these associations are lacking. OBJECTIVES This study examined whether prenatal PFAS exposure is associated with a higher prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities among offspring. METHODS We used data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort study, and employed logistic regression models to examine the associations between maternal plasma PFAS concentrations in the first trimester and the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in all births (artificial abortions, miscarriages, stillbirths, and live births) up to 2 years of age. In addition, we examined associations with mixtures of PFAS using multipollutant models. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 24,724 births with singleton pregnancies, of which 44 confirmed cases of chromosomal abnormalities were identified (prevalence: 17.8/10,000 births). When examined individually, exposure to perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) showed positive associations with any chromosomal abnormalities with age-adjusted odds ratios of 1.81 (95% CI: 1.26, 2.61) and 2.08 (95% CI: 1.41, 3.07) per doubling in concentration, respectively. These associations remained significant after Bonferroni correction, although they did not reach the adjusted significance threshold in certain sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, the doubling in all PFAS included as a mixture was associated with chromosomal abnormalities, indicating an age-adjusted odds ratio of 2.25 (95% CI: 1.34, 3.80), with PFOS as the predominant contributor, followed by PFNA, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). DISCUSSION The study findings suggested a potential association between maternal exposure to PFAS, particularly PFOS, and chromosomal abnormalities in offspring. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously, because selection bias arising from the recruitment of women in early pregnancy may explain the associations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13617.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Motoki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Inaba
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
- Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Toubou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Shibazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kamijima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teruomi Tsukahara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nomiyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Li Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Lou H, Wu M, Liu F, Chang W, Zhao X. The detection efficacy of noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) for sex chromosome abnormalities and copy number variation and its differentiation in pregnant women of different ages. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24155. [PMID: 38293423 PMCID: PMC10826137 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the efficacy of noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) in detecting fetal sex chromosome abnormalities and copy number variation (CNV), compare the efficacy between NIPT and serological screening alone, and further analyze the fetal sex chromosome abnormalities and CNV differentiation in pregnant women of different ages, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of fetal birth defects. Methods Clinical data from 22,692 pregnant women admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All participants underwent serological screening and NIPT screening to compare fetal chromosomal abnormalities between the two screening modalities. 145 women whose fetus were diagnosed as sex chromosome abnormalities and 36 women whose fetus were diagnosed as CNV abnormalities based on NIPT screening were selected for prenatal diagnosis by amniocentesis or karyotyping. Taking prenatal diagnosis as the standard, the four-grid table method was used to detect the positive predictive value of NIPT screening for fetal sex chromosomal abnormalities and CNV. According to the age, pregnant women were divided into 18-30 years old (n = 9844), 31-35 years old (n = 7612), >35 years old (n = 5236), and then the detection rates of sexual fetal chromosomal abnormalities, CNV and total chromosomal abnormalities were compared in pregnant women. Results Among the 22,692 pregnant women in this study, the high-risk proportion of serologic screening with 4.38% was higher than that of NIPT screening with 1.93% (P < 0.05). Among the 145 women with fetal sex chromosome abnormalities screened by NIPT, 122 cases of fetal sex chromosome abnormalities were diagnosed prenatally, including 45, X/47, XXX/47, XYY/47, XXY. The positive predictive values of NIPT screening were 25.00%, 58.82%, 85.71%, and 85.71%, respectively, with an overall predictive value of 44.26%. The positive predictive value of fetal sex chromosome abnormalities in NIPT screening was higher than that of serological screening (P < 0.05). Among the 36 pregnant women with fetal CNV, NIPT screening showed that CNVs≤10 Mb and CNVs>10 Mb were 33.33% and 66.67%, respectively. There were 12 cases of prenatal diagnosis of fetal CNV, among which the NIPT-screened positive predictive values of fetal copy number deletion, duplicate, deletion and duplicate were 50.00%, 57.14% and 100.00%, respectively, with an overall predictive value of 58.33%. The positive predictive value of CNV in NIPT screening was higher than that of serological screening without statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The results of NIPT screening showed that the detection rate of fetal sex chromosome abnormalities and total abnormalities of pregnant women over 35 years of age was significantly higher than that of pregnant women aged 18-30 and 31-35 years (P < 0.05). Conclusion NIPT screening could greatly improve the detection efficacy of fetal sex chromosome abnormalities, CNV and other chromosome abnormalities, and decline the false positive rate. However, the positive predictive value of NIPT screening was relatively low, and further prenatal testing and genetic counseling are still required. In addition, NIPT screening for fetal sex chromosome abnormalities, and the detection rate of total abnormalities in pregnant women older than 35 years old were increased significantly, and pregnancy at an advanced age may be one of the risk factors for fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Huan Lou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Mingli Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenjing Chang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xueling Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, PR China
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Alessandri-Bonetti A, Guglielmi F, Mollo A, Sangalli L, Gallenzi P. Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1657. [PMID: 37763776 PMCID: PMC10538151 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A higher prevalence of dental malocclusion has been suggested among individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) compared to controls, although no studies to date have investigated such a difference according to age group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental malocclusion and other orthodontic measures between DS and non-syndromic (non-DS) individuals across three age groups of children, adolescents, and adults. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 147 patients. Of those, 72 were diagnosed with DS and were divided into N = 15 children (<10 years), N = 23 adolescents (10-18 years) and N = 34 adults (>18 years). The remaining 75 patients were sex- and age-matched controls. The two groups were compared according to age group in terms of the prevalence of dental malocclusion, measures of sagittal, vertical, and transverse discrepancy, facial profile, and probable sleep bruxism with chi-square tests for proportion. Results: The DS patients consistently exhibited a higher prevalence of Class 3 malocclusion, concave profile and anterior crossbite compared to the non-DS patients, regardless of age group. The non-DS adolescents presented with a significantly higher prevalence of convex profile than the DS adolescents. The adolescent and adult DS patients most commonly presented with a maxillary transverse discrepancy and posterior crossbite compared to the non-DS controls. The DS adults had a higher prevalence of probable sleep bruxism. Conclusions: Patients with DS showed a higher prevalence of Class 3 malocclusion, concave profile and anterior crossbite compared to non-DS controls, regardless of age group. Other orthodontic measures showed a fluctuation according to the age group considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alessandri-Bonetti
- Institute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.A.-B.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Federica Guglielmi
- Institute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.A.-B.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Antongiulia Mollo
- Institute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.A.-B.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Linda Sangalli
- College of Dental Medicine—Illinois, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Patrizia Gallenzi
- Institute of Dental Clinic, A. Gemelli University Policlinic IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.A.-B.); (F.G.); (A.M.); (P.G.)
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Eltyeb EE, Halawi MHA, Tashari TBM, Alharbi K, Alsayari OS, Albarrak DA, Eltayeb RA, Al-Makramani AAA, Medani IEM. Prevalence and Pattern of Birth Defects in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. Pediatr Rep 2023; 15:431-441. [PMID: 37489414 PMCID: PMC10366848 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric15030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Birth defects are a significant concern since they can lead to permanent disability and death. This study comprehensively reviews the prevalence and patterns of birth defects in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A systematic analysis of the literature retrieved from three databases (Pub Med, Science Direct, and the Saudi digital library) published between 1989 and 2022 was performed. Observational studies that addressed the prevalence and patterns of birth defects in Saudi Arabia were chosen based on the eligibility criteria, while systematic reviews, review articles, non-relevant articles, and studies that did not fulfill the eligibility criteria were excluded. Quality and risk of bias were evaluated based on the JBI and GRADE tools, respectively. RESULTS We identified 26 eligible publications of 1277 records that included 297,668 patients from different regions of Saudi Arabia. The highest overall prevalence of birth defects was 46.5 per 1000 live births compared to a lowest rate of 8.6 per 1000 in one study. Several studies have reported positive associations of consanguinity, maternal folic acid supplementation, family history of birth defects or genetic abnormalities, and maternal co-morbidities. The most frequent birth defects include cardiac, genitourinary, craniofacial, and nervous system defects. CONCLUSION Robust findings have improved our understanding of the prevalence and pattern of birth defects in Saudi Arabia. Importantly, future studies will likely require multicenter collaboration to arrive at appropriate sample sizes in the context of the effects of risk factors on elevated prevalence. Furthermore, quantitative data require careful evaluation in more complex statistical models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Khaled Alharbi
- Imam Abdulrahman Alfaisal Hospital, Riyadh 14723, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud Saad Alsayari
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
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Lu S, Kakongoma N, Hu WS, Zhang YZ, Yang NN, Zhang W, Mao AF, Liang Y, Zhang ZF. Detection rates of abnormalities in over 10,000 amniotic fluid samples at a single laboratory. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:102. [PMID: 36755227 PMCID: PMC9906931 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of cytogenetic techniques have been used for prenatal diagnosis. This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of karyotyping, BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) assay and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in prenatal diagnosis during the second trimester based on our laboratory experience. METHODS A total of 10,580 pregnant women with a variety of indications for amniocentesis were enrolled in this retrospective study between January 2015 and December 2020, of whom amniotic fluid samples were analysed in 10,320 women. The main technical indicators of participants in the three different technologies were summarized, and cases of chromosome abnormalities were further evaluated. RESULTS The overall abnormality detection rate of karyotyping among all the amniotic fluid samples was 15.4%, and trisomy 21 was the most common abnormality (20.9%). The total abnormality detection rate of the BoBs assay was 5.6%, and the diagnosis rate of microdeletion/microduplication syndromes that were not identified by karyotyping was 0.2%. The detection results of the BoBs assay were 100.0% concordant with karyotyping analysis in common aneuploidies. Seventy (87.5%) cases of structural abnormalities were missed by BoBs assay. The total abnormality detection rate of the SNP array was 21.6%. The detection results of common aneuploidies were exactly the same between SNP array and karyotyping. Overall, 60.1% of structural abnormalities were missed by SNP array. The further detection rate of pathogenic significant copy number variations (CNVs) by SNP was 1.4%. CONCLUSIONS Karyotyping analysis combined with BoBs assay or SNP array for prenatal diagnosis could provide quick and accurate results. Combined use of the technologies, especially with SNP array, improved the diagnostic yield and interpretation of the results, which contributes to genetic counselling. BoBs assay or SNP array could be a useful supplement to karyotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lu
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nisile Kakongoma
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-sheng Hu
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-zhen Zhang
- grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan-nan Yang
- grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-fen Mao
- grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-fen Zhang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang People’s Republic of China ,grid.508049.00000 0004 4911 1465Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), No. 369 Kunpeng Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008 People’s Republic of China
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Proportion of Chromosomal Disorders and Their Patterns among Births with Congenital Anomalies in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:6477596. [PMID: 36561944 PMCID: PMC9767725 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6477596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Worldwide, surveys have shown that the frequency of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies varies greatly from country to country. It is well known that chromosomal disorders are an important cause of premature death or life-long disability; however, the absence of local epidemiological data on their birth prevalence and outcomes impedes policy and service development in many countries and continents. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis intend to show the pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies in Africa. Methods From PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the studies that examined the incidence, prevalence, and types of chromosomal disorders using PRISMA guidelines. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies. Results From the total of 3,569 studies identified, 1,442 were from PubMed, 108 were from Cochrane Library, 1,830 were from Google Scholar, and 189 were from other sources. After duplication was removed, a total of 844 articles remained (2725 were removed by duplication). Finally, 144 full-text studies were reviewed and 60 articles with 52,569 births having congenital anomalies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for this meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies was 8.94% (95% CI; 7.02, 10.86; I 2 = 98.8%; p < 0.001). Conclusions and Future Implications. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies in Africa was small. Down syndrome (trisomy 21) accounted for more than 80% of chromosomal disorders. The pooled proportion of chromosome disorders was the highest in North African regions and countries compared to other regions of the continent. Healthcare managers should focus on establishing proper cytogenetic diagnostic facilities in collaboration with well-trained genetic counseling services in the continent.
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Biallelic truncation variants in ATP9A are associated with a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:94. [PMID: 34764295 PMCID: PMC8586153 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a highly heterogeneous disorder with hundreds of associated genes. Despite progress in the identification of the genetic causes of ID following the introduction of high-throughput sequencing, about half of affected individuals still remain without a molecular diagnosis. Consanguineous families with affected individuals provide a unique opportunity to identify novel recessive causative genes. In this report, we describe a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder. We identified two consanguineous families with homozygous variants predicted to alter the splicing of ATP9A which encodes a transmembrane lipid flippase of the class II P4-ATPases. The three individuals homozygous for these putatively truncating variants presented with severe ID, motor and speech impairment, and behavioral anomalies. Consistent with a causative role of ATP9A in these patients, a previously described Atp9a−/− mouse model showed behavioral changes.
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