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Karwa R, Miller ML, Schellhase E, Crowe S, Manji I, Albertson S, Frauhiger M, Pastakia S. Comparison of Clinical Interventions between Student Pharmacists on Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences in Indianapolis, Indiana versus Eldoret, Kenya. PHARMACY 2023; 11:92. [PMID: 37368418 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy11030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Student pharmacists can have a positive impact on patient care. The objective of this research was to compare clinical interventions made by Purdue University College of Pharmacy (PUCOP) student pharmacists completing internal medicine Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPE) in Kenya and the US. A retrospective analysis of interventions made by PUCOP student pharmacists participating in either the 8-week global health APPE at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH-Kenya) or the 4-week adult medicine APPE at the Sydney & Lois Eskenazi Hospital (SLEH-US) was completed. Twenty-nine students (94%) documented interventions from the MTRH-Kenya cohort and 23 (82%) from the SLEH-US cohort. The median number of patients cared for per day was similar between the MTRH-Kenya (6.98 patients per day, interquartile range [IQR] = 5.75 to 8.15) and SLEH-US students (6.47 patients per day, IQR = 5.58 to 7.83). MTRH-Kenya students made a median number of 25.44 interventions per day (IQR = 20.80 to 28.95), while SLEH-US students made 14.77 (IQR = 9.80 to 17.72). The most common interventions were medication reconciliation/t-sheet rewrite and patient chart reviews for MTRH-Kenya and the SLEH-US, respectively. This research highlights how student pharmacists, supported in a well-designed, location-appropriate learning environment, can positively impact patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Karwa
- The Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret 30100, Kenya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Monica L Miller
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Ellen Schellhase
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Susie Crowe
- The Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret 30100, Kenya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
| | - Imran Manji
- The Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret 30100, Kenya
| | | | | | - Sonak Pastakia
- The Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret 30100, Kenya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
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Sanghvi RI, Songolo T. What Is the Current Status of Global Health Training for US Postgraduate Trainees in Anesthesiology? What Are Possible Visions for the Future? CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 13:99-107. [PMID: 37168833 PMCID: PMC10036958 DOI: 10.1007/s40140-023-00552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review There is a great deal of interest in global health at all levels of educational attainment. Many residency programs wish to offer a global health opportunity (GHO) but lack the resources to create one de novo. This review will look at the prevalence of global health education in residency and consider the fellowships available. It will summarize the existing recommendations about a curriculum in global health and how best to prepare trainees for a GHO. Recent Findings While approximately 45% of residency programs make GHOs available to their residents, there is a lack of standardization of curriculum. Logistical and ethical challenges, funding, and the lack of international partners are all barriers to offering a GHO. Residents and fellows can benefit from a GHO as it helps achieve their ACGME core competencies, among other benefits. Summary We make the recommendation for more robust training and education with the investment of fewer resources by aligning with existing global health participation opportunities. We also recommend the use of the Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH) which provided curriculum for creating a context in global health for trainees regardless of discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema I. Sanghvi
- Division of Global Health, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, 200 W. Arbor, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| | - Tosha Songolo
- Global Health and Policy in Anesthesia, San Diego, CA USA
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Rotundo HW, Connor SE, Muzzio KB, Taylor AM, Meyer MW, Jonkman LJ. Impact of an International Service Trip on Pharmacy and Medical Learners' Attitudes Toward Interprofessional Collaboration. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2022; 86:8748. [PMID: 34785495 PMCID: PMC10159464 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe8748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an interprofessional medical service trip to rural Honduras on pharmacy and medical learners' attitudes toward interprofessional learning.Methods. In this mixed-methods research, 19 participating students and residents from medicine and pharmacy completed the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) before and after the service trip in fall 2017 and spring 2018. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants following each trip to better understand which aspects of the experience shaped their interprofessional learning.Results. Following the service trip, a significant improvement was found for the Teamwork & Collaboration subscale and the Negative Professional Identity subscale of the RIPLS. Several themes emerged from interviews, including that face-to-face interaction promotes collaboration; limited resources encourage team-based problem-solving; time together outside of work strengthens interprofessional connections; participating in another profession's patient care activities fosters appreciation of individual roles; interprofessional care takes time; and participants felt a greater desire to pursue interprofessional practice in the future.Conclusion. Interprofessional learning during a medical service trip improved participants' attitudes toward collaboration. This study highlights which aspects of this experience contributed most to interprofessional learning, and our results may guide future efforts to design effective interprofessional education experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna W Rotundo
- University of Louisiana, Monroe College of Pharmacy, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Sharon E Connor
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Mark W Meyer
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren J Jonkman
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Voravuth N, Chua EW, Tuan Mahmood TM, Lim MC, Wan Puteh SE, Safii NS, Wong JE, Jamil AT, Jamal JA, Shamsuddin AF, Mhd Ali A. Engaging community pharmacists to eliminate inadvertent doping in sports: A study of their knowledge on doping. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268878. [PMID: 35687540 PMCID: PMC9187095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the community pharmacists’ knowledge of tackling the issue of inadvertent doping in Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 384 community pharmacists working in Malaysia using a self-administered questionnaire. All the respondents were pharmacists fully registered with the Pharmacy Board of Malaysia and had been working in the community setting for at least one year. Of the 426 community pharmacists approached, 384 community pharmacists participated in this study, giving a response rate of 90.14%. The majority of the respondents were females (63.5%), graduated from local universities (74.9%), with median years of practising as a community pharmacist of six years (interquartile range, IQR = 9 years). The respondents were found to have moderate levels of doping-related knowledge (median score of 52 out of 100). Anabolic steroids (95.8%), stimulants (78.6%) and growth factors (65.6%) were recognised as prohibited substances by most of the respondents. Around 65.9% did not recognise that inadvertent doping is also considered a doping violation. Most of them (90%) also have poor levels of knowledge of doping scenarios in the country. Community pharmacists in Malaysia have limited knowledge in the field of doping. More programmes and activities related to doping and drugs in sports should be held to enhance the community pharmacists’ knowledge on the issue of inadvertent doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nontharit Voravuth
- Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eng Wee Chua
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tuan Mazlelaa Tuan Mahmood
- Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ming Chiang Lim
- Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Pahang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | | | - Nik Shanita Safii
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jyh Eiin Wong
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Taufik Jamil
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamia Azdina Jamal
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fuad Shamsuddin
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (AMA); (AFS)
| | - Adliah Mhd Ali
- Centre for Quality Management of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (AMA); (AFS)
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Zeenny RM, Akel M, Hajj A, Sacre H, Hallit S, Salameh P. Descriptive assessment of graduates' perceptions of pharmacy-related competencies based on the Lebanese pharmacy core competencies framework. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021; 19:2320. [PMID: 34221200 PMCID: PMC8234617 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2021.2.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmacists possess a unique and complex body of knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors necessary to enable them to optimize health outcomes. Pharmacy organizations publish routinely updated versions of professional competencies that help pharmacy schools integrate advances into their curricula. In Lebanon, no national framework for pharmacy education is officially adopted yet. In 2017, the Official Pharmacists' Association in Lebanon [OPL - Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon] took the initiative to develop a pharmacy core competency framework. Objective The primary objective of this survey was to evaluate graduates' perceptions of pharmacy-related competencies "taught" across Lebanese pharmacy schools/faculties, based on the suggested Lebanese Pharmacy Competencies Framework. This study also explored the association between graduates' demographics, university attributes, and self-assessed competency performance. Methods A cross-sectional study involving pharmacists who graduated from Lebanese universities was performed through a 40-minute online questionnaire distributed over social media platforms and groups of pharmacists. Results Pharmacists perceived their competence as moderate upon graduation, the lowest scores being in fundamental knowledge and medicine supply; the highest reported scores were in personal skills and safe/rational use of medicines. Moreover, females, younger graduates, PharmD holders, and pharmacists working in hospitals/clinical settings and academia had the highest perception of their competencies. Pharmacists in the public sector and medical laboratory directors had the lowest perception of competence. Conclusions When comparing the taught curriculum to the suggested Lebanese Pharmacy Competency Framework, all domains need to be improved to optimize the perception, education, and practice of pharmacists. It is essential to emphasize fundamental knowledge, medicines supply, and public health competencies in undergraduate curricula and improve continuing professional education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony M Zeenny
- PharmD. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, American University Beirut Medical Center. Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Marwan Akel
- PharmD, PhD. School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University. Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Aline Hajj
- PharmD, PhD. Laboratory of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Quality Control of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University. Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Hala Sacre
- PharmD. National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology & Toxicology (INSPECT-LB). Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Souheil Hallit
- PharmD, PhD. Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK). Jounieh (Lebanon).
| | - Pascale Salameh
- PharmD, PhD. Medical School, University of Nicosia. Nicosia (Cyprus).
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Schellhase EM, Miller ML, Malhotra JV, Dascanio SA, McLaughlin JE, Steeb DR. Development of a Global Health Learning Progression (GHELP) Model. PHARMACY 2020; 9:pharmacy9010002. [PMID: 33374165 PMCID: PMC7839015 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a steady increase in global health experiential opportunities offered within healthcare professional training programs and with this, a need to describe the process for learning. This article describes a model to contextualize global health learning for students who complete international advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs). Students from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Purdue University, and the University of Colorado completed a post-APPE survey which included open-ended questions about knowledge, skills, and attitudes one week after completing an international APPE. Students were also invited to participate in a focus group. All 81 students who participated in an international APPE completed the open-ended survey questions and 22 students participated in a focus group discussion. Qualitative data from both the survey and focus groups were coded in a two-cycle open coding process. Code mapping and analytic memo writing were analyzed to derive to a conceptual learning model. The Global Health Experience Learning Progression (GHELP) model was derived to describe the process of student learning while on global health experiences. This progression model has three constructs and incorporates learning from external and internal influences. The model describes how students can advance from cultural awareness to cultural sensitivity and describes how student pharmacists who participate in international experiential education develop global health knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M. Schellhase
- College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-753-202
| | - Monica L. Miller
- College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Jodie V. Malhotra
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Sarah A. Dascanio
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (S.A.D.); (J.E.M.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Jacqueline E. McLaughlin
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (S.A.D.); (J.E.M.); (D.R.S.)
| | - David R. Steeb
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (S.A.D.); (J.E.M.); (D.R.S.)
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