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Productive responses of dairy goats fed on diets containing elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) associated or not with cactus (Opuntia stricta) cladodes, and extra-fat whole corn germ as a substitute for corn. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pereira TCDJ, Pereira MLA, Silva HGDO, dos Santos AB, Ribeiro LSO, Pina DDS, Sousa LB, de Carvalho GGP. Energy sources in diets for lambs in confinement. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ContextThe use of alternative sources in ruminant feeding features advantages such as diminished dependence on traditional cereals that can be used for human consumption or monogastric animals.AimsThis study was conducted to examine nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, mean growth rate, nitrogen balance, and microbial protein synthesis in lambs fed diets containing different energy sources in the concentrate.MethodsThe experiment involved five uncastrated Santa Inês lambs, with an initial BW of 22.85±1.0kg, which were allocated individual metabolic cages and randomly assigned to one of the following five experimental treatments: maize (MA), wheat bran (WB), sorghum (SO), mesquite pod meal (MP) and peach palm meal (PP) in a 5×5 Latin square design, with five replicates each. Diets were isoenergetic with a roughage:concentrate ratio of 60:40.Key resultsThe energy sources in the concentrate influenced (P<0.0001) the intakes of DM and nutritional components. The apparent digestibility coefficients of the ether extract and NDFap were significantly (P<0.05) different between WB and the other diets. The different energy sources in the concentrate (MA, WB, SO and MP) increased (P<0.0001) the mean growth rate of the lambs. The diet containing PP as an energy source provided a smaller (P=0.0002) N intake than that from any other diet, and the PP diet resulted in a negative N balance (P=0.0200). Lambs fed with diets containing MP (80.38g day−1) as an energy source showed a larger (P=0.0007) microbial protein synthesis than did those fed with PP (24.47g day−1).ConclusionsWheat bran, sorghum, and mesquite pod meal can completely replace maize for lambs fed diets based on 270gkg−1 of maize.ImplicationsA variety of unusual feed ingredients facilitates the raising of lambs in various regions, with ingredients being local and of the lowest cost, promoting benefits to sheep producers.
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Rosales-Nieto CA, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Santiago-Hernandez F, Cuevas-Reyes V, Flores-Najera MJ, Vázquez-García JM, Urrutia-Morales J, Ghaffari MH, Meza-Herrera CA, González-Bulnes A, Martin GB. Periconceptional nutrition with spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) improves metabolomic profiles and pregnancy outcomes in sheep. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7214. [PMID: 33785817 PMCID: PMC8010085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested whether periconceptional nutrition with cladodes from the cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, with or without protein-enrichment, improved the metabolomic profile and reproductive outcomes of adult female sheep. Sixty Rambouillet ewes of similar body weight were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments that were fed during the breeding period (34 days): Control (Control; n = 20), Opuntia (Opuntia; n = 20) and protein-enriched Opuntia (E-Opuntia; n = 20). There were no effects of treatment on body weight but assessment of urine samples indicated that, for 76 metabolites, the Control and Opuntia groups differed completely (P < 0.05), whereas there was overlap between the Control and E-Opuntia groups. It appears that, in Opuntia-fed and Control-fed sheep, different functional groups are activated leading to changes in the metabolism of glucose, tyrosine, methane, and glycerolipids. Fertility and reproductive rate tended to be higher in the Opuntia (70% and 95%) and E-Opuntia (90% and 110%) groups than in the Control (55% and 65%), and an orthogonal contrast revealed the difference between Control and Opuntia to be significant for both reproductive variables (P < 0.05). We conclude that nutritional supplementation with Opuntia cladodes, with or without protein enrichment, increased fertility rate and reproductive rate of female sheep, without any accompanying increases in body weight. Our observations suggest that the reproductive responses to Opuntia do not simply reflect a response to good nutrition, but might be caused by specific metabolites/metabolomic pathways, perhaps by an activation of the metabolism of glucose, methane, tyrosine and glycerolipids. There are few reports relating these metabolomic compounds with the metabolism of the sheep, let alone with reproductive efficiency. The novelty of these discoveries suggests that we need further research into the mechanisms through which nutrition affects the reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Rosales-Nieto
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78321, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - Maribel Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Quintana Roo, 77039, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Francisco Santiago-Hernandez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental San Luis, 78431, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Venancio Cuevas-Reyes
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Valle de México, 56250, Texcoco, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Manuel J Flores-Najera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental la Laguna, 27440, Matamoros, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan M Vázquez-García
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78321, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jorge Urrutia-Morales
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental San Luis, 78431, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - César A Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230, Bermejillo, Mexico
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115-Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Graeme B Martin
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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Cuevas Reyes V, Santiago Hernandez F, Flores Najera MDJ, Vazquez Garcia JM, Urrutia Morales J, Hosseini-Ghaffari M, Chay-Canul A, Meza-Herrera CA, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Martin GB, Rosales Nieto CA. Intake of Spineless Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica During Late Pregnancy Improves Progeny Performance in Underfed Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10060995. [PMID: 32517317 PMCID: PMC7341186 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Plants in the Opuntia genus are abundant and can be used as a feed supplement because they are highly digestible and can provide water and energy. We fed sheep during late gestation with alfalfa (Control), Opuntia (Opuntia) or protein-enriched Opuntia (E-Opuntia) and measured milk yield and postnatal growth in the progeny. Birth weight did not differ among treatments (p > 0.05) but progeny from E-Opuntia grew faster (p < 0.01) and were heavier at weaning (p < 0.05), despite the fact that Control ewes produced more milk (p < 0.05). Feeding ewes with Opuntia (protein enriched or not) during the last third of gestation is an option for reducing production costs in underfed females managed under extensive conditions in arid and semiarid regions. Abstract The present study tested whether feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy with cladodes of Opuntia (untreated or protein-enriched), as an alternative to alfalfa hay, would improve milk yield as well as the pre- and post-natal growth of their lambs. Sixty mature Rambouillet ewes and their progeny were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments: (i) Control, fed alfalfa; (ii) Opuntia, fed untreated cladodes; (iii) E-Opuntia, fed protein-enriched cladodes (pre-treated with urea and ammonium sulphate). Birth weight did not differ among treatments (p > 0.05) but Control ewes produced more milk than both groups of Opuntia-fed ewes (p < 0.05). However, milk yield was not related to the growth of the progeny (p > 0.05) because lambs from E-Opuntia-fed ewes grew faster (p < 0.01) and were heavier at weaning (p < 0.05) than lambs from the other two groups. We conclude that Opuntia (with or without protein enrichment) can be used as an alternative to alfalfa hay for feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy and therefore reduce production costs under extensive conditions in arid and semiarid regions. Moreover, protein-enriched Opuntia appears to improve postnatal lamb growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venancio Cuevas Reyes
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Valle de México, Texcoco 56250, Ciudad de México, Mexico;
| | - Francisco Santiago Hernandez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental San Luis, San Luis Potosí 78431, Mexico; (F.S.H.); (J.U.M.)
| | - Manuel de Jesus Flores Najera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental La Laguna, Matamoros 27440, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Juan Manuel Vazquez Garcia
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78321, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Urrutia Morales
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental San Luis, San Luis Potosí 78431, Mexico; (F.S.H.); (J.U.M.)
| | | | - Alfonso Chay-Canul
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carr. Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, Mexico;
| | - César A. Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Ciudad Juárez 35230, Bermejillo, Mexico;
| | | | - Graeme B. Martin
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Cesar A. Rosales Nieto
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental La Laguna, Matamoros 27440, Coahuila, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-4448261314
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Pereira TCDJ, Ribeiro LSO, Pereira MLA, Pires AJV, Carvalho GGPD, Pereira CAR. Feeding behavior of goat kids fed diets containing peach palm meal. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.47088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim in this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior of goat kids fed diets containing peach palm meal replacing corn (0, 10, 40, 60, and 85 % on a dry matter basis). Thirty crossbred Boer kids, with 90 days old and initial body weight of 16.7 ± 3.5 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with six replicates. Diets were daily supplied ad libitum to allow 10-20 % leftovers. Three collections were performed every 28 days. Diets were isoenergetics and isonitrogenous, composed of corn, soybean meal, peach palm meal, mineral supplement and Tifton 85 hay, with roughage: concentrate ratio of 30:70. There was a linear reduction in the intakes of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with a respective decrease of 35.7 % and 58.8 % comparing the diet with 85 % replacement and the control diet. The rumination and chewing times increased in diets with peach palm meal. The feeding and rumination rates decreased with reducing intakes of DM and NDF. The peach palm meal affects the feeding behavior and decreases the feed intake in response to palatability, fat and fiber composition, and it is recommended until 10 % replacing corn.
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