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Maniaci G, Ponte M, Giosuè C, Gannuscio R, Pipi M, Gaglio R, Busetta G, Di Grigoli A, Bonanno A, Alabiso M. Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) as a source of bioactive compounds in dairy products. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1887-1902. [PMID: 37944810 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the interest in improving livestock product nutraceutical profiles through sustainable feeding systems has increased. In this context, the overall quality and nutraceutical profiles were examined in dairy products obtained from 16 lactating Cinisara cows given an integrated feed in dry season with Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes. Two homogeneous groups of cows (milk yield: 6.3 ± 1.5 kg; body weight: 213 ± 55 kg) were fed with 2 different diets (CON: pasture and wheat bran; OFI: pasture, wheat bran, and cladodes), according to a 2 × 2 Latin square design. The bulk milk produced during the study was used to make Caciotta cheese and was analyzed at 0, 15, and 30 storage days. Milk and cheese samples were analyzed for chemical, physical, and microbiological traits. The nutraceutical and sensorial profiles, as well as the antioxidant capacity, were also determined in the final products. For milk, the urea content in individual samples was reduced in OFI but not in CON. In the cheese, integration of cladodes did not influence the starter cultures development with 2 strains of Streptococcus thermophilus, but it caused a higher content of polyphenols and a consequent greater antioxidant capacity and a change in the fatty acids profile. In particular, the caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, and palmitic fatty acids were higher, as were the petroselinic, vaccenic, rumenic, and α-linolenic fatty acids. In contrast, the oleic and the γ-linolenic fatty acids were lower for OFI. The cheese from the OFI group showed better overall acceptability, and a higher yellow color, odor intensity, and butter flavor. The multivariate analysis well distinguished the cheeses belonging to the 2 groups. Further investigations should be conducted to formulate well-balanced diets that include cladodes for Cinisara lactating cows, but also to determine the content of other important bioactive compounds in fresh and treated cladodes, as well as their effects on animal welfare and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Maniaci
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - M Ponte
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - C Giosuè
- Institute for Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment, National Council of Research (IAS-CNR), 90149 Palermo, Italy.
| | - R Gannuscio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - M Pipi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - R Gaglio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - G Busetta
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - A Di Grigoli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - A Bonanno
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - M Alabiso
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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El Hassania L, Mounime K, Elbouzidi A, Taibi M, Mohamed C, Abdelkhaleq L, Mohammed R, Naceiri Mrabti H, Zengin G, Addi M, Fauconnier ML. Analyzing the Bioactive Properties and Volatile Profiles Characteristics of Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw: Exploring its Potential for Pharmacological Applications. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301890. [PMID: 38252073 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In this investigation, the study focused on the chemical constitution and the antioxidative as well as anti-inflammatory characteristics of oils and pulpy variants (Imatchan (IM), Harmocha (HA), and Aknari (AK)) sourced from O. dillenii. This inquiry encompassed both in vitro and in silico analyses. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to ascertain the phenolic constituents, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methodologies. were applied to discern the volatile makeup. The appraisal of antioxidant potential was conducted via the deployment of assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ferric ion chelating (FIC) techniques. The anti-inflammatory activity was examined using BSA and LOX. Molecular docking methods assessed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. According to HPLC findings, the most abundant compounds detected in AKO and IMO cultivars were quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside followed by vanillic acid, ferulic acid and tyrolsol. Concerning headspace GC-MS analysis E-11-hexadecenal and (E)-2-undecenal contribute to the major compounds detected in Opuntia HA, IM, and AK pulp and oil. The DPPH IC50 for AK, HA and IM were 38.41±1.54, 42.24±0.29 and 15.17±1.28 mg/mL, respectively. The FRAP IC50 capacity of AK, HA and IM was determined to be 30.23±0.6, 55.96±0.08 and 23.41±1.83 mg/mL, respectively. AK, HA and IM displayed significant FIC activity, with IC50 values of 42.75±0.63, 39.54±0.59 and 35.31±1.38 mg/mL, respectively. The AK, HA and IM O. dillenii oils were effective in their anti-inflammatory activity. Molecular docking of O. dillenii oils phenolic compounds was conducted to determine the possible targeted proteins by the phenolic compounds in O. dillenii's compounds. Overall, these fruits demonstrated the potential for new ingredients for culinary or pharmaceutical applications, providing value to these natural species that can flourish in arid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukili El Hassania
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fez (UEMF), BP. 15, Fez, 30070, Morocco
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Kadi Mounime
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fez (UEMF), BP. 15, Fez, 30070, Morocco
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
- Centre de l'Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l'Eau et de l'Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Chebaibi Mohamed
- Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Fez, Morocco
| | - Legssyer Abdelkhaleq
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ramdani Mohammed
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed 1st, Bd. Med VI B.P. 717, Oujda, Morocco
| | | | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda, 60000, Morocco
| | - Marie Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech., 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium
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3
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Liu R, Yan Z, Chu FX, Chen HQ. Comparative study on chain conformations, physicochemical and rheological properties of three acidic polysaccharides from Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruits. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130027. [PMID: 38340941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three acidic polysaccharides (OFPP-1, OFPP-2 and OFPP-3) were isolated from the pulps of Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruits, and their chain conformations, physicochemical and rheological properties were investigated. The molecular weight and conformational parameters (Mw, Mn, Mz, Rg and Rh) of OFPPs in 0.1 M NaNO3 solution were detected by HPSEC-MALLS-RI. In addition, based on the parameters ρ and v, it was concluded that these three polysaccharide chains exhibited sphere-like conformation in 0.1 M NaNO3 solution, which was consistent with AFM and TEM observations. Furthermore, the Congo Red experiment showed that OFPP-2 had a triple-helix structure, which may be conducive to its biological activity. This study also found that OFPPs were semi-crystalline structures with high thermal and pH stability. The rheological analyses indicated that the apparent viscosity of OFPPs solutions exhibited concentration-, temperature-, and pH-dependence, and the viscoelasticity of them was affected by molecular characteristics and concentration. The results of this study are helpful to elucidate the structure-activity relationship of OFPPs. Moreover, this study can provide theoretical reference for the application of OFPPs as bioactive ingredients or functional materials in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and the development and utilization of the O. dillenii Haw. fruits resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Zheng Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Fang-Xin Chu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Han-Qing Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
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Gómez-López I, Eseberri I, Cano MP, Portillo MP. Anti-Obesity Effect of Different Opuntia stricta var. dillenii's Prickly Pear Tissues and Industrial By-Product Extracts in 3T3-L1 Mature Adipocytes. Nutrients 2024; 16:499. [PMID: 38398824 PMCID: PMC10892177 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Opuntia stricta var. dillenii fruit is a source of phytochemicals, such as betalains and phenolic compounds, which may play essential roles in health promotion. The aim of this research was to study the triglyceride-lowering effect of green extracts, obtained from Opuntia stricta var. dillenii fruit (whole fruit, pulp, peel, and industrial by-products (bagasse)) in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. The cells were treated on day 12, for 24 h, after the induction of differentiation with the extracts, at doses of 10, 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL. The expression of genes (PCR-RT) and proteins (Western blot) involved in fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid uptake, triglyceride assembly, and triglyceride mobilisation was determined. The fruit pulp extraction yielded the highest levels of betalains, whereas the peel displayed the greatest concentration of phenolic compounds. The extracts from whole fruit, peel and pulp were effective in reducing triglyceride accumulation at doses of 50 μg/mL or higher. Bagasse did not show this effect. The main mechanisms of action underpinning this outcome encompass a reduction in fatty acids synthesis (de novo lipogenesis), thus limiting their availability for triglyceride formation, alongside an increase in triglyceride mobilisation. However, their reliance is contingent upon the specific Opuntia extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Gómez-López
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Food Functionality, Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (I.G.-L.); (M.P.C.)
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Itziar Eseberri
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - M. Pilar Cano
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Food Functionality, Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (I.G.-L.); (M.P.C.)
| | - María P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Adjafre BL, Lima IC, Alves APNN, Lessa RA, Cunha AP, Pereira MG, Assreuy AMS, Mota MRL. Anti-inflammatory and healing effect of the polysaccharidic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes in cutaneous excisional wounds in rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2024; 105:33-44. [PMID: 37991201 PMCID: PMC10797432 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects of the polysaccharide extract from Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes (TPL-Ofi) using a rat cutaneous wound model. After anaesthesia, four 7-mm-diameter dorsal wounds per animal (n = 6/group for each experimental day of evaluation) were created in female Wistar rats using a surgical punch. The animals were treated topically twice daily with TPL-Ofi (0.01-1%; treated group) or sterile saline (control group) for a period of 21 days. Ulcerated tissue was collected for analysis of histological parameters (inflammation score, number of polymorphonuclear, mononuclear, fibroblast/myofibroblasts and blood vessels), immunohistochemical (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF-2]) and oxidative stress markers (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and glutathione [GSH]). After 21 days of treatment, body weight, net organ weight and plasma biochemical levels were measured. TPL-Ofi, containing a total carbohydrate content of 65.5% and uronic acid at 2.8%, reduced oedema on the second day and increased the nociceptive threshold on the second and third days. TPL-Ofi reduced mononuclear infiltrate on the second and MPO activity on the fifth day. TPL-Ofi increased GSH levels on the second day, as well as fibroblast/myofibroblasts counts, neoangiogenesis and FGF-2 levels on the fifth and seventh days. No changes were observed in body weight, net organ weight or toxicology assessment. Topical application of TPL-Ofi exhibited anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, ultimately improving wound healing in cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lima Adjafre
- Superior Institute of Biomedical SciencesState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil
| | - Iásly Costa Lima
- Superior Institute of Biomedical SciencesState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil
| | | | - Rafael Aires Lessa
- Faculty of Education, Sciences and Letters of Sertão CentralState University of CearáQuixadáBrazil
| | | | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Faculty of Education, Sciences and Letters of Sertão CentralState University of CearáQuixadáBrazil
| | | | - Mário Rogério Lima Mota
- Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and NursingFederal University of CearáFortalezaBrazil
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Pinheiro JC, Silva LJV, Lopes BKA, Ferreira NL, Fonseca KS, de Brito FAL, da Silva TGF, Brito AMSS, de Lima Silva ID, Vinhas GM, do Nascimento Simões A. Effects of cactus pear clone harvest seasons and times on the physicochemical and technological properties of resulting mucilage and biopolymeric films. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128374. [PMID: 38052289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cactus pear cladodes, clones 'Miúda' (MIU) and 'Orelha de Elefante Mexicana' (OEM) were harvested at 6 am and 8 pm during the rainy-dry, dry and rainy seasons to evaluate the effect of type of clone and harvest seasons on the physicochemical and technological properties of mucilage as well as the optical, physicochemical, mechanical, thermal and microstructural characteristics of the films obtained. The mucilage of the OEM clone presented a higher content of phenolic compounds, compared to the Nopalea genus, regardless of the season and time of harvest. Furthermore, the dry period resulted in higher carbohydrate levels, regardless of the harvest time. The biopolymeric films produced from the OEM clone harvested in the rainy season and rainy-dry transition showed darker color, better mechanical properties, water barrier, compact microstructure and thermal stability when compared to the MIU clone. Furthermore, harvesting at 6 am provided improvements in the mechanical conditions, permeability and thermal stability of the films of both types of clones studied. These results showed strong environmental modulation, naturally incorporating important macromolecules such as carbohydrates and phenolic compounds, used in the industry in the production of nutraceutical foods, into the mucilage. Furthermore, harvesting cladodes at 6 am in the rainy and transitional (rainy-dry) periods provided better quality biopolymeric films and/or coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Natanael Lucena Ferreira
- Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Kelem Silva Fonseca
- Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Fred Augusto Lourêdo de Brito
- Federal Rural University of the Semi-arid, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ivo Diego de Lima Silva
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Chemical and Engineering, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Glória Maria Vinhas
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Chemical and Engineering, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Adriano do Nascimento Simões
- Federal Rural University of the Semi-arid, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Mannai F, Mechi L, Alimi F, Alsukaibi AKD, Belgacem MN, Moussaoui Y. Biodegradable composite films based on mucilage from Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae): Microstructural, functional and thermal properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126456. [PMID: 37633555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of using cactus mucilage (CM) to elaborate biobased composite films blended with styrene-butadiene rubber latex (SBL). The CM was extracted and precipitated with ethanol (CMET) and isopropanol (CMIS). Mucilage-based films were formulated using three levels of mucilage (4, 6, and 8 wt%). The microstructure, thickness, moisture content, density, water contact angle, water vapor permeability, film solubility, thermal stability, and toughness of mucilage films blended with SBL (SBL/CMET and SBL/CMIS) were measured. The properties of mucilage-based films varied systematically, depending on the concentration of mucilage. The addition of SBL to CM film produces compatible, hydrophobic, flexible, and stiffer films with low moisture contents and good barrier properties. The mucilage film incorporated with 6 wt% CMET and CMIS reached the highest Young's modulus of 1512 ± 21 and 1988 ± 55 MPa, respectively. The DSC of produced films reveals that the Tg of SBL/CMIS is lower than that of SBL/CMIS. The synthesized films were structurally stable at high temperatures. The biodegradability of the composite films buried in the ground shows that the produced films are 100 % biodegradable after 40 days. Thus, CM blended with SBL can benefit specific applications, especially food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Mannai
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory for the Application of Materials to the Environment, Water, and Energy (LR21ES15), Gafsa 2112, Tunisia; University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Lassaad Mechi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathi Alimi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Naceur Belgacem
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Laboratory of Process Engineering for Biorefinery, Bio-based Materials and Functional Printing, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Younes Moussaoui
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia; University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Organic Chemistry Laboratory (LR17ES08), Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
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Ammam A, Zemour H, Kaid M, Villemin D, Soufan W, Belhouadjeb FA. Assessment of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Opuntia ficus indica L. Cladodes extract. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2275417. [PMID: 37905304 PMCID: PMC11018314 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2275417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the methanolic extract of Opuntia ficus indica L. in small animal (rats and mice model). The current treatment for febrile conditions often involves the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can have adverse effects, particularly gastrointestinal ulcers. Therefore, there is a growing need to explore natural alternatives with fewer side effects. The study utilized various experimental models to assess the effects of the extract. The results demonstrated a significant analgesic effect of the extract, as evidenced by a reduction in pain induced by acetic acid and hot plate tests. Additionally, the extract exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, as indicated by a decrease in carrageenan-induced paw edema and dextran-induced inflammation. To gain insights into the chemical composition of the extract, HPLC analysis was conducted. The analysis successfully identified and quantified 20 compounds, including luteolin, galangin, catechin, thymol, methylated quercetin, quercetin, rutin, acacetin, hesperidin, apigenin, kaempferol, pinocembrin, chrysin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, ascorbic acid, ferulic acid, m-coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid, and trans-cinnamic acid.The findings suggest that Opuntia ficus indica L. extract holds promise as an effective and reasonably priced natural remedy for pain and inflammation in rats and mice model. The comprehensive chemical composition analysis provided valuable insights into the presence of various bioactive compounds, which may contribute to the observed therapeutic effects. Further research and exploration of the extract's mechanisms of action are warranted to fully understand its potential in small animal healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Ammam
- Departement of biology, University Dr Moulay Tahar Saida city AADL Saida N 40, Algeria
| | - Hafidh Zemour
- Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ibn Khaldoun University, Tiaret, BP, Algeria
| | - M’hamed Kaid
- Laboratoire des études physico-chimiques. Faculté des sciences.Université de Saïda, BP, Algeria
| | | | - Walid Soufan
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shinga MH, Fawole OA. Opuntia ficus indica mucilage coatings regulate cell wall softening enzymes and delay the ripening of banana fruit stored at retail conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125550. [PMID: 37356689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapid ripening and softening due to cell wall polysaccharide degradation and disassembly pose major challenges in extending fruit storability. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of Opuntia ficus indica mucilage (OFIM) edible coating in minimizing softening in bananas under retail conditions. Mucilage was extracted from freshly harvested prickly pear cladodes and dried into a powder. Phenolic compounds in OFIM powder were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). OFIM concentrations (1, 2 and 3 % (w/v)) were prepared, and their physicochemical properties were examined. The prepared coatings were applied to harvested banana fruit by dipping and stored at room temperature for 12 days. During the experiment, several parameters were measured, including fruit weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), peel color, pulp firmness, ethylene production, respiration rate, ion leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total chlorophyll and carotenoids, chlorophyll-degrading enzymes, protopectin content and water-soluble pectin (WSP) and softening-related enzymes in the peel. Results showed that mucilage treatments effectively delayed cell wall and chlorophyll degradation, as well as carotenoid accumulation, thus inhibiting ripening-associated processes compared to control fruit. OFIM-treated fruit exhibited significantly higher firmness, chlorophyll content, and TA, lower TSS content, ethylene production, respiration rate, MDA concentration, ion leakage and protopectin content than uncoated fruit. This suggests that OFIM edible coating has the potential to maintain quality and extend the shelf life of bananas by suppressing softening enzymes during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawande Hugh Shinga
- Postharvest and Agroprocessing Research Centre, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Olaniyi Amos Fawole
- Postharvest and Agroprocessing Research Centre, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa.
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Abbas EY, Ezzat MI, Ramadan NM, Eladl A, Hamed WHE, Abdel-Aziz MM, Teaima M, El Hefnawy HM, Abdel-Sattar E. Characterization and anti-aging effects of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller extracts in a D-galactose-induced skin aging model. Food Funct 2023; 14:3107-3125. [PMID: 36942614 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03834j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller (OFI), belonging to the family Cactaceae, is widely cultivated not only for its delicious fruits but also for its health-promoting effects, which enhance the role of OFI as a potential functional food. In this study, the in vitro collagenase and elastase enzyme inhibitory effects of extracts from different parts of OFI were evaluated. The most promising extracts were formulated as creams at two concentrations (3 and 5%) to investigate their effects on a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced skin-aging mouse model. The ethanolic extracts of the peel and cladodes exhibited the highest enzyme inhibitory effects. Cream made from the extract of OFI peel (OP) (5%) and cream from OFI cladodes extract (OC) (5%) significantly decreased the macroscopic aging of skin scores. Only a higher concentration (5%) of OC showed the normalization of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) skin levels and achieved significant improvements as compared to the vitamin E group. Both OC and OP (5%) showed complete restoration of the normal skin structure and nearly normal collagen fibres upon histopathological examination. The Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) metabolite profiles revealed the presence of organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, betalains, and fatty acids. Flavonoids were the predominant phytochemical class (23 and 22 compounds), followed by phenolic acids (14 and 17 compounds) in the ethanolic extracts from the peel and cladodes, respectively. The anti-skin-aging effects could be attributed to the synergism of different phytochemicals in both extracts. From these findings, the OFI peel and cladodes as agro-waste products are good candidates for anti-skin-aging phytocosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Yasser Abbas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Marwa I Ezzat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Nehal M Ramadan
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Amira Eladl
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - Walaa H E Hamed
- Medical Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abdel-Aziz
- Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology (RCMB), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala Mohamed El Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
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11
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Es‐sbata I, Castro R, Zouhair R, Durán‐Guerrero E. Effect of the type of acetic fermentation process on the chemical composition of prickly pear vinegar (Opuntia ficus-indica). J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:264-272. [PMID: 35866440 PMCID: PMC9804814 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In several countries, the cactus plant (Opuntia ficus-indica (L). Mill.) has received renewed attention because of its ecological, socio-economic and environmental role. In this study, prickly pear vinegar was produced employing two types of acetification processes: surface and submerged culture. Both acetification processes were performed at different temperatures (30, 37, 40 °C) by using two different species of thermotolerant acetic acid bacteria (Acetobacter malorum and Gluconobacter oxydans). Polyphenols and volatile compounds analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively, were considered as the main variables to determine the effect of the acetification process on the quality of the vinegar. RESULTS As a result, 15 polyphenols and 70 volatile compounds were identified and quantified in the vinegar samples produced by both acetification processes. The results showed that the surface acetification method led to an increase in the concentration of phenolic components, which was higher than that in the submerged process. However, a significant increase in volatile compounds predominated by esters and acids was observed when submerged culture acetification was employed, whereas alcohols were predominant in surface culture vinegars. Moreover, multivariate statistical analysis showed that the components that mostly contributed to the differentiation between all vinegar samples were the volatile compounds. CONCLUSION It has been proved that prickly pear vinegar could be successfully produced at higher temperatures than usual, by employing thermotolerant bacteria, and that the type of acetification method significantly affects the final quality of the vinegar produced. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Es‐sbata
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences – IVAGROUniversity of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3)CadizSpain
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of BiologyFaculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail UniversityMeknesMorocco
| | - Remedios Castro
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences – IVAGROUniversity of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3)CadizSpain
| | - Rachid Zouhair
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of BiologyFaculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail UniversityMeknesMorocco
| | - Enrique Durán‐Guerrero
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences – IVAGROUniversity of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3)CadizSpain
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Al-Alam J, Harb M, Hage TG, Wazne M. Assessment of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. extracts for the removal of lead from soil: the role of CAM plant harvest phase and soil properties. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:798-810. [PMID: 35906518 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research to date has focused on the coagulation-flocculation and biosorption properties of the invasive Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. to remove metals from water. However, no studies have reported on the use of O. ficus-indica extract as a leaching agent to remove metals from contaminated soil. In the present work, a new environmentally friendly method for lead-contaminated soil remediation is evaluated. The method involves the use of cladode extract from O. ficus-indica as a soil washing agent. This new technique can serve to mitigate against the potential deterioration of soil quality and other secondary environmental impacts that result from the use of inorganic acids and/or chelating agents. Extractions from cladodes harvested during both day and night crassulacean acidic metabolism (CAM) phases were evaluated for treatment of lead contamination in three different soils including kaolinite, montmorillonite and a field-natural soil sample. Lead removal rates, which ranged from 44 to 100%, were significantly impacted by the intrinsic properties of the soils, the leachate dosage, the plant harvest phase, and the soil washing duration. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization of the leachates indicated that functional groups present in the O. ficus-indica extracts played an essential role in the removal process. Results suggest that this species possesses promising potential to be used as a sustainable basis for the abatement of lead contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Civil Engineering Department, Lebanese American University, 309 Bassil Building, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Moustapha Harb
- Civil Engineering Department, Lebanese American University, 309 Bassil Building, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Tanos G Hage
- Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University, P.O. Box 72, Zouk Mikael, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Wazne
- Civil Engineering Department, Lebanese American University, 309 Bassil Building, Byblos, Lebanon.
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Eid R, Maatouk E, Samrani AE, Azzi V, Bassil J. Characterisation of Zinc-bearing sulphate phases formed during the synthesis of phosphoric acid and Zinc removal by the ligands of Opuntia ficus-indica. Environ Technol 2022; 43:4125-4136. [PMID: 34125654 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1943001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste generated from phosphate fertilisers industries. It represents a serious threat to the aquatic and terrestrial environment because of its acidity and its high content in heavy metals and radionuclides. The aim of this work is to describe the formation of PG during the synthesis of the phosphoric acid, the entrapment of Zinc (Zn) in PG and its lixiviation in presence of a natural organic matter extracted as powder from the cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) using physical and chemical characterisation techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, laser diffraction, and AAS. The formation of PG mainly occurs in the pH range between 4.6 and 3 and it accompanies the transformation of H2(PO4)- into phosphoric acid H3PO4. The maximal Zn incorporation within the PG was reached at pH 6 and decreased progressively with pH. Zinc was found to have a great tendency to migrate from PG particles to OFI's suspensions since a maximum Zn removal percentage of 93% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roukaya Eid
- Faculty of Science II, Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (Doctoral School of Science and Technology), Laboratory of Geoscience, Geo-resources, and Environment (L2GE), Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Elias Maatouk
- Faculty of Science II, Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (Doctoral School of Science and Technology), Laboratory of Geoscience, Geo-resources, and Environment (L2GE), Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Antoine El Samrani
- Faculty of Science II, Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (Doctoral School of Science and Technology), Laboratory of Geoscience, Geo-resources, and Environment (L2GE), Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Valérie Azzi
- Faculty of Science II, Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (Doctoral School of Science and Technology), Laboratory of Geoscience, Geo-resources, and Environment (L2GE), Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
- Soil and Soilless Unit, Lebanese Agriculture Research Institute (LARI), Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Bassil
- Faculty of Science II, Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (Doctoral School of Science and Technology), Laboratory of Geoscience, Geo-resources, and Environment (L2GE), Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
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14
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Amrane-Abider M, Nerín C, Tamendjari A, Serralheiro MLM. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of Opuntia ficus-indica peel and flower teas after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:4401-4409. [PMID: 35075643 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flowers and peels of cactus Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) are by-products generally discarded. Their beneficial properties have been linked to the chemical composition without taking into account its transformations during digestion. This study evaluated and compared the phenolic composition, antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of OFI peel and flower teas before and after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. RESULTS Results showed that OFI peel tea was a source of natural phenolic compounds and carotenoids, while OFI flower tea was a source of flavonoids. Both OFI peel and flower teas exhibited high antioxidant activities (AAs) measured by several tests [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH• ), reducing power (RP), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPSA)]. Flower teas presented a higher antiacetylcholinesterase inhibition percentage than peel teas. Significant decreases of acetylcholinesterase and AAs were obtained under in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Fourteen phenolic compounds typical of phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified in both teas. These compounds seemed to be more affected by pancreatic than by the gastric conditions. CONCLUSION OFI peel tea has been found as a source of natural phenolic compounds and carotenoids, while OFI dry flower tea as a source of flavonoids. The OFI flower tea phytochemicals were more stable than peel tea during the digestive process. These findings suggest that peels and flowers of OFI should be considered as sources of healthy ingredients. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Amrane-Abider
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Cristina Nerín
- Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Abderezak Tamendjari
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Maria Luísa M Serralheiro
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Lisbon, Portugal
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Tsiailanis AD, Chatzigiannis CM, Papaemmanouil CD, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Chaloulos P, Riba I, Mullard G, Wiczkowski W, Koutinas A, Mandala I, Tzakos AG. Exploration of Betalains and Determination of the Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Profile of Orange and Purple Opuntia spp. Cultivars in Greece. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2022; 77:198-205. [PMID: 35397767 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Replacing synthetic dyes with natural pigments has gained great attention over the past years in the food industry, due to the increased alertness of consumers for nontoxic and natural additives. Betalains are water-soluble nitrogenous natural pigments that are used as natural colorants in food industries, due to their applicability and their rich pharmacological profile including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Therefore, there is a need for a detailed exploration of betalains to fully exploit their properties. Opuntia spp. plants are one of the primary sources of betalains. The objective of this study was to identify betalain phytochemical content in prickly pear cactus of two different Opuntia species from Greece (an Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill (OFI) orange prickly pear cultivar and an Opuntia spp. purple prickly pear cultivar) using modern analytical techniques as also to evaluate their antioxidant and cytotoxicity profile. To achieve this we used an array of analytical techniques, including ultra-violet-vis (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) as also cell based in vitro assays. These enabled us to establish a rapid approach that can distinguish the different Opuntia spp. cultivars based on their phytochemical constituents through untargeted metabolomics analysis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry - quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC/MS Q-TOF). These findings could allow a further exploitation of Opuntia species and especially their enriched betalain phytochemical profile as viable source of natural food colorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios D Tsiailanis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos M Chatzigiannis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christina D Papaemmanouil
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria V Chatziathanasiadou
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Chaloulos
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Isabel Riba
- European Application Laboratory, Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Graham Mullard
- European Application Laboratory, Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Apostolos Koutinas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mandala
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, Greece.
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16
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Zhou M, Wen C, Ming Y, Zhang L, Lyu X. [Distribution and bioactivity of polyphenols in Opuntia ficus-indica (L. ) Mill]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2022; 51:463-469. [PMID: 35718912 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the distribution of the polyphenols of Opuntia ficus-indica(L. ) Mill, and study its antioxidant and the inhibition of sugar digestive enzyme activities by vitro experiments. METHODS Using ethanol as solvent, free polyphenols, esterified polyphenols, and insoluble bonded polyphenols were extracted from the peel, pulp and seeds of Opuntia ficus-indica(L. ) Mill, and their contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was measured according to their ability to scavenge DPPH, OH and ABTS~(+ )radicals, and the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities by various types of polyphenols in various parts was observed in vitro. RESULTS The peel polyphenol content of Opuntia ficus-indica(L. ) Mill was(1427.15±34.48) mg GAE/100 g, the pulp polyphenol content was(525.88±51.66) mg GAE/100 g, and the seed polyphenol content was(256.92±3.81) mg GAE/100 g. The free polyphenols, esterified polyphenols, and insoluble bonded polyphenols of different parts of Opuntia ficus-indica(L. ) Mill have the ability to scavenge DPPH, OH and ABTS~(+ )radicals, and the seeds had the strongest antioxidant capacity among all parts, the esterified polyphenols and insoluble bonded polyphenols of pulp and seeds of Opuntia ficus-indica(L. ) Mill have inhibitory effects on the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with seed polyphenols have the strongest inhibitory ability. CONCLUSION Opuntia ficus-indica(L. ) Mill has the highest content of polyphenols in the peel, and seed polyphenols have good antioxidant and the inhibition of sugar digestive enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cuijuan Wen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao Ming
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaohua Lyu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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17
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Cruz-Rubio JM, Mueller M, Viernstein H, Loeppert R, Praznik W. Prebiotic potential and chemical characterization of the poly and oligosaccharides present in the mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica and Opuntia joconostle. Food Chem 2021; 362:130167. [PMID: 34087714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The mucilage extracted from the convection-dried cladodes of O. ficus-indica and O. joconostle, two species of economic importance, delivered three fractions after methanol precipitation. Two were composed of high molar mass polysaccharides, and one included water-soluble mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. The large polysaccharides have a molar mass range of 4.0 × 103 to 8.0 × 105 g·mol-1 and are consistently composed of galactose, arabinose, xylose, and rhamnose; however, the content of galacturonic acid was different between both fractions and species. Their fermentability by selected probiotics was relatively low, 11-27 % compared to glucose, and decreased with increasing levels of galacturonic acid in the molecules. In the third fraction, previously unreported oligosaccharides were found. These include simple- and complex-structured galactooligosaccharides with arabinosyl-, xylosyl- and galacturonosyl acid residues. Their fermentability by prebiotic species can be ascribed more to their structural characteristics and monosaccharide composition than their molecular dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Cruz-Rubio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Monika Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Viernstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Loeppert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Praznik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Siddiqui F, Farooq AD, Kabir N, Fatima N, Abidi L, Faizi S. Toxicological assessment of Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. cladode methanol extract, fractions and its alpha pyrones: Opuntiol and opuntioside. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 280:114409. [PMID: 34265378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The edible plant Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. commonly known as Nagphana, belongs to the Cactaceae family. It is traditionally used to treat various ailments including inflammation, gastric ulcers, diabetes, hepatitis, asthma, whooping cough and intestinal spasm. AIM OF THE STUDY Despite its traditional use in various countries, detailed toxicological studies of O. dillenii cladode are few. Thus in the current study, toxicity of O. dillenii cladode derived methanol extract, fractions and its α-pyrones: opuntiol and opuntioside have been addressed. METHODS The test agents were assessed using both in vitro and in vivo toxicity assays. MTT on human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293), tryphan blue exclusion in rat neutrophils, Cytokinesis-B block micronucleus (CBMN) in human lymphocytes and genomic DNA fragmentation using agarose gel electrophoresis were performed. In acute toxicity test, mice orally received extract (5 g/kg) for 7 days followed by measurements of relative organ weight, biochemical (blood profile, liver and kidney function test) and histological studies (liver and kidney) were carried out. Rat bone marrow micronucleus genotoxicity assay was also conducted. RESULTS O. dillenii derived test agents were non-cytotoxic and had no effect on the integrity of DNA. Methanol extract (5 g/kg) orally administered in mice did not cause any significant change in relative organ weights, biochemical parameters and liver and kidney histology as compared to vehicle control. In parallel, extract did not stimulate micronuclei formation in rat bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes. CONCLUSION These results led to conclude that edible O. dillenii extract is non-toxic via the oral route and appears to be non-cyto-, hepato-, nephro- or genotoxic, thereby supporting its safe traditional use against various ailments. Therefore, opuntiol and opuntioside may serve as lead compounds in designing new drug(s) derived from edible plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheema Siddiqui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi-74200, Pakistan.
| | - Ahsana Dar Farooq
- Hamdard Al-Majeed College of Eastern Medicine Hamdard University, Karachi-74600, Pakistan.
| | - Nurul Kabir
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Narjis Fatima
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Center, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Lubna Abidi
- HEJ, Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Jinnah University for Women, 5C Nazimabad, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Shaheen Faizi
- HEJ, Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Fernández-Luqueño F, Medina-Pérez G, Pérez-Soto E, Espino-Manzano S, Peralta-Adauto L, Pérez-Ríos S, Campos-Montiel R. Bioactive Compounds of Opuntia spp. Acid Fruits: Micro and Nano-Emulsified Extracts and Applications in Nutraceutical Foods. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216429. [PMID: 34770840 PMCID: PMC8587638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid fruit of the "xoconostle" cactus belongs to the genus Opuntia family of cacti. It is used as a functional food for its bioactive compounds. Several studies reported that xoconostle fruits have a high amount of ascorbic acid, betalains, phenols, tannins, and flavonoids. These compounds confer antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective gastroprotective activity. Xoconostle fruit extracts were tested by in vitro assays where the digestion conditions were simulated to measure their stability. At the same time, the extracts were protected by encapsulation (microencapsulation, multiple emulsions, and nanoemulsions). Applications of encapsulated extracts were probed in various food matrices (edible films, meat products, dairy, and fruit coatings). The xoconostle is a natural source of nutraceutical compounds, and the use of this fruit in the new food could help improve consumers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Fernández-Luqueño
- Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Programs, Cinvestav-Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25900, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela Medina-Pérez
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Elizabeth Pérez-Soto
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Salvador Espino-Manzano
- Food Agroindustrial Area, Xicotepec University of Juarez Technology University, Avenida Universidad Tecnológica #1000, Tierra Negra, Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla C.P. 73080, Mexico;
| | - Laura Peralta-Adauto
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Sergio Pérez-Ríos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
| | - Rafael Campos-Montiel
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico; (G.M.-P.); (E.P.-S.); (L.P.-A.); (S.P.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(77)-1717-2000
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Gómez-Maqueo A, Steurer D, Welti-Chanes J, Cano MP. Bioaccessibility of Antioxidants in Prickly Pear Fruits Treated with High Hydrostatic Pressure: An Application for Healthier Foods. Molecules 2021; 26:5252. [PMID: 34500688 PMCID: PMC8434551 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is a commercial processing technology which can enhance the health potential of foods by improving the bioaccessibility of their bioactive compounds. Our aim was to study the bioaccessibility and digestive stability of phenolic compounds and betalains in prickly pear fruits (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill. var. Pelota and Sanguinos) treated with HHP (100, 350, and 600 MPa; come-up time and 5 min). The effects of HHP on pulps (edible fraction) and peels (sources of potential healthy ingredients) were assessed. In pulps, betanin bioaccessibility increased (+47% to +64%) when treated at 350 MPa/5 min. In HHP-treated pulps, increases in the bioaccessibility of piscidic acid (+67% to +176%) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid glycoside (+126% to 136%) were also observed. Isorhamnetin glycosides in peels treated at 600 MPa/CUT had higher bioaccessibility (+17% to +126%) than their controls. The effects of HHP on the bioaccessibility of health-promoting compounds are not exclusively governed by extractability increases of antioxidants in the food matrix (direct effects). In this work we found evidence that indirect effects (effects on the food matrix) could also play a role in the increased bioaccessibility of antioxidants in fruits treated with HHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gómez-Maqueo
- Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (D.S.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64700, Mexico;
- Food Structure Team, Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Research and Technology, 14 Medical Drive #07–02, MD 6 Building, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Dora Steurer
- Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (D.S.)
| | - Jorge Welti-Chanes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64700, Mexico;
| | - M. Pilar Cano
- Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (D.S.)
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21
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Koshak AE, Algandaby MM, Mujallid MI, Abdel-Naim AB, Alhakamy NA, Fahmy UA, Alfarsi A, Badr-Eldin SM, Neamatallah T, Nasrullah MZ, M Abdallah H, Esmat A. Wound Healing Activity of Opuntia ficus-indica Fixed Oil Formulated in a Self-Nanoemulsifying Formulation. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3889-3905. [PMID: 34135583 PMCID: PMC8200171 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s299696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delayed wound healing represents a common health hazard. Traditional herbal products have been often utilized to promote wound contraction. The current study aimed at assessing the wound healing activity of Opuntia ficus-indica seed oil (OFI) and its self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (OFI-SNEDDS) formula in a rat model of full-thickness skin excision. METHODS Based on droplet size, an optimized OFI-SNEDDS formula was prepared and used for subsequent evaluation. Wound healing activity of OFI and OFI-SNEDDS was studied in vivo. RESULTS The optimized OFI-SNEDDS formula droplet size was 50.02 nm. The formula exhibited superior healing activities as compared to regular OFI seed oil-treated rats at day 14 of wounding. This effect was further confirmed by histopathological examinations of H&E and Masson's Trichrome-stained skin sections. Moreover, OFI-SNEDDS showed the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as compared to OFI seed oil-treated animals. Both OFI and OFI-SNEDDS significantly enhanced hydroxyproline skin content and upregulated Col1A1 mRNA expression, accompanied by enhanced expression of transforming factor-beta (TGF-β). Further, OFI-SNEDDS improved angiogenesis as evidenced by increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). CONCLUSION OFI possesses wound healing properties that are enhanced by self-emulsification of the oil into nano-droplets. The observed activity can be attributed, at least partly, to its anti-inflammatory, pro-collagen and angiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman E Koshak
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mardi M Algandaby
- Medicinal Plants Research Group, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad I Mujallid
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alfarsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Z Nasrullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Bouhrim M, Boutahiri S, Kharchoufa L, Mechchate H, Mohamed Al Kamaly O, Berraaouan A, Eto B, Ziyyat A, Mekhfi H, Legssyer A, Aziz M, Bnouham M. Acute and Subacute Toxicity and Cytotoxicity of Opuntia Dillenii (Ker-Gawl) Haw. Seed Oil and Its Impact on the Isolated Rat Diaphragm Glucose Absorption. Molecules 2021; 26:2172. [PMID: 33918827 PMCID: PMC8069670 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the safety of the Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl) haw. seed oil (ODSO) and its effect on the glucose absorption activity of the isolated rat hemidiaphragm. This oil's safety was studied by exploring its acute (doses 1, 3, 5, and 7 mL/kg) and subacute (doses 1 and 2 mL/kg) toxicities in albino mice and Wistar rats, respectively. The safety of the ODSO was also assessed by studying its effect on the HepG2 cell viability in vitro. The effect of ODSO, or combined with the insulin, on the glucose absorption activity of isolated rat hemidiaphragm was evaluated at the dose 1 g/L in vitro. The results demonstrated the safety of ODSO. Indeed, this study showed that this oil does not produce any mortality or signs of toxicity after the single-dose administration in mice. Additionally, the daily intake of the ODSO during four weeks does not induce a significant variation in the biochemical parameters and body weight of rats compared with the control group. Besides, the cell viability of HepG2 did not change in the presence of ODSO. On the other hand, the ODSO increased the glucose absorption activity of the isolated rat hemidiaphragm, and this activity was significantly enhanced when combined with insulin. This study confirms, on one side, the safety of this oil and its efficacy and, on the other side, encourages its potential use as a complement to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Salima Boutahiri
- Univ. Lille, University of Liège, University of Picardy Jules Verne, JUNIA, UMRT 1158 BioEcoAgro, Specialized Metabolites of Plant Origin, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Research Team on the Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Zitoune Meknes B.P. 11201, Morocco
| | - Loubna Kharchoufa
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco
| | - Omkulthom Mohamed Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Berraaouan
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratories—TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 83 Lille, France;
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Aziz
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (A.B.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
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23
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Rosales-Nieto CA, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Santiago-Hernandez F, Cuevas-Reyes V, Flores-Najera MJ, Vázquez-García JM, Urrutia-Morales J, Ghaffari MH, Meza-Herrera CA, González-Bulnes A, Martin GB. Periconceptional nutrition with spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) improves metabolomic profiles and pregnancy outcomes in sheep. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7214. [PMID: 33785817 PMCID: PMC8010085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested whether periconceptional nutrition with cladodes from the cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, with or without protein-enrichment, improved the metabolomic profile and reproductive outcomes of adult female sheep. Sixty Rambouillet ewes of similar body weight were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments that were fed during the breeding period (34 days): Control (Control; n = 20), Opuntia (Opuntia; n = 20) and protein-enriched Opuntia (E-Opuntia; n = 20). There were no effects of treatment on body weight but assessment of urine samples indicated that, for 76 metabolites, the Control and Opuntia groups differed completely (P < 0.05), whereas there was overlap between the Control and E-Opuntia groups. It appears that, in Opuntia-fed and Control-fed sheep, different functional groups are activated leading to changes in the metabolism of glucose, tyrosine, methane, and glycerolipids. Fertility and reproductive rate tended to be higher in the Opuntia (70% and 95%) and E-Opuntia (90% and 110%) groups than in the Control (55% and 65%), and an orthogonal contrast revealed the difference between Control and Opuntia to be significant for both reproductive variables (P < 0.05). We conclude that nutritional supplementation with Opuntia cladodes, with or without protein enrichment, increased fertility rate and reproductive rate of female sheep, without any accompanying increases in body weight. Our observations suggest that the reproductive responses to Opuntia do not simply reflect a response to good nutrition, but might be caused by specific metabolites/metabolomic pathways, perhaps by an activation of the metabolism of glucose, methane, tyrosine and glycerolipids. There are few reports relating these metabolomic compounds with the metabolism of the sheep, let alone with reproductive efficiency. The novelty of these discoveries suggests that we need further research into the mechanisms through which nutrition affects the reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Rosales-Nieto
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78321, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - Maribel Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Quintana Roo, 77039, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Francisco Santiago-Hernandez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental San Luis, 78431, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Venancio Cuevas-Reyes
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Valle de México, 56250, Texcoco, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Manuel J Flores-Najera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental la Laguna, 27440, Matamoros, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan M Vázquez-García
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78321, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jorge Urrutia-Morales
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental San Luis, 78431, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - César A Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230, Bermejillo, Mexico
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115-Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Graeme B Martin
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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24
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Catanzano O, Gomez d'Ayala G, D'Agostino A, Di Lorenzo F, Schiraldi C, Malinconico M, Lanzetta R, Bonina F, Laurienzo P. PEG-crosslinked-chitosan hydrogel films for in situ delivery of Opuntia ficus-indica extract. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:117987. [PMID: 33910725 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, chitosan-based wound dressings loaded with the extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (OPU) were prepared. OPU is known for its capability to accelerate skin injury repair. Chitosan (Ch) was crosslinked with a low molecular weight diepoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (diePEG), and hydrogel films with different Ch/PEG composition and OPU content were prepared by casting. The occurrence of crosslinking reaction was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR and DSC analysis suggested that ionic interactions occur between chitosan and OPU. Tensile tests evidenced that the crosslinking caused a decrease of Young's modulus, which approaches the value of the human skin modulus. Swelling characteristics, water vapor transmission rate, and release kinetics demonstrated that these films are adequate for the proposed application. Finally, a scratch test on a keratinocytes monolayer showed that the rate of cell migration in the presence of OPU-loaded samples is about 3-fold higher compared to unloaded films, confirming the repairing activity of OPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Catanzano
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - G Gomez d'Ayala
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - A D'Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - F Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - C Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - M Malinconico
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - R Lanzetta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - F Bonina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - P Laurienzo
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
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25
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Bouhrim M, Ouassou H, Boutahiri S, Daoudi NE, Mechchate H, Gressier B, Eto B, Imtara H, A. Alotaibi A, Al-zharani M, Ziyyat A, Mekhfi H, Legssyer A, Aziz M, Bnouham M. Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw., Seeds Oil Antidiabetic Potential Using In Vivo, In Vitro, In Situ, and Ex Vivo Approaches to Reveal Its Underlying Mechanism of Action. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061677. [PMID: 33802826 PMCID: PMC8002680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Opuntia dillenii Ker Gawl. is one of the medicinal plants used for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Morocco. This study aims to investigate the antihyperglycemic effect of Opuntia dillenii seed oil (ODSO), its mechanism of action, and any hypoglycemic risk and toxic effects. The antihyperglycemic effect was assessed using the OGTT test in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. The mechanisms of action were explored by studying the effect of ODSO on the intestinal absorption of d-glucose using the intestinal in situ single-pass perfusion technique. An Ussing chamber was used to explore the effects of ODSO on intestinal sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1). Additionally, ODSO’s effect on carbohydrate degrading enzymes, pancreatic α-amylase, and intestinal α-glucosidase was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using STZ-diabetic rats. The acute toxicity test on mice was performed, along with a single-dose hypoglycemic effect test. The results showed that ODSO significantly attenuated the postprandial hyperglycemia in normal and STZ-diabetic rats. Indeed, ODSO significantly decreased the intestinal d-glucose absorption in situ. The ex vivo test (Ussing chamber) showed that the ODSO significantly blocks the SGLT1 (IC50 = 60.24 µg/mL). Moreover, ODSO indu\ced a significant inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase (IC50 = 278 ± 0.01 µg/mL) and pancreatic α-amylase (IC50 = 0.81 ± 0.09 mg/mL) in vitro. A significant decrease of postprandial hyperglycemia was observed in sucrose/starch-loaded normal and STZ-diabetic ODSO-treated rats. On the other hand, ODSO had no risk of hypoglycemia on the basal glucose levels in normal rats. Therefore, no toxic effect was observed in ODSO-treated mice up to 7 mL/kg. The results of this study suggest that ODSO could be suitable as an antidiabetic functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Hayat Ouassou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Salima Boutahiri
- Research Team on the Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, B.P. 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco;
| | - Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Fez B.P. 1796, Morocco
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Bernard Gressier
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 83 Lille, France; (B.G.); (B.E.)
| | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 83 Lille, France; (B.G.); (B.E.)
- Laboratories-TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 83 Lille, France
| | - Hamada Imtara
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Arab American University Palestine, Jenin 240, Palestine;
| | - Amal A. Alotaibi
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Al-zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Aziz
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda B.P. 717, Morocco; (M.B.); (H.O.); (N.E.D.); (A.Z.); (H.M.); (A.L.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (M.B.)
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Kolniak-Ostek J, Kita A, Miedzianka J, Andreu-Coll L, Legua P, Hernandez F. Characterization of Bioactive Compounds of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Seeds from Spanish Cultivars. Molecules 2020; 25:E5734. [PMID: 33291779 PMCID: PMC7731065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. is the Cactaceae plant with the greatest economic relevance in the world. It can be used for medicinal purposes, animal nutrition, production of biofuels and phytoremediation of soils. Due to its high content of bioactive compounds, the prickly pear has antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. The aim of this study was to determine the polyphenolic, fatty acid and amino acid profile and characterize the antioxidant capacity of seeds of seven Spanish prickly pear cultivars. A total of 21 metabolites, mainly phenolic acids and flavonols, were identified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography photodiode detector quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-Q/TOF-MS). Significant differences were found in the phenolic concentrations of the investigated varieties. The highest amount of phenolic compounds (266.67 mg/kg dry matter) were found in the "Nopal espinoso" variety, while the "Fresa" variety was characterized by the lowest content (34.07 mg/kg DM) of these compounds. In vitro antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with the amount of polyphenols. The amino acid composition of protein contained in prickly pear seeds was influenced by the variety. Glutamic acid was the predominant amino acid followed by arginine, aspartic acid and leucine, independent of prickly pear variety. Overall, 13 different fatty acids were identified and assessed in prickly pear seeds. The dominant fatty acid was linoleic acid, with content varying between 57.72% "Nopal ovalado" and 63.11% "Nopal espinoso".
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kolniak-Ostek
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37 Street, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kita
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37 Street, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Joanna Miedzianka
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37 Street, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Lucia Andreu-Coll
- Department of Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Research Group “Plant Production and Technology”, Polytechnic School of Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, Km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (P.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Pilar Legua
- Department of Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Research Group “Plant Production and Technology”, Polytechnic School of Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, Km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (P.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Francisca Hernandez
- Department of Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Research Group “Plant Production and Technology”, Polytechnic School of Orihuela, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, Km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (P.L.); (F.H.)
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Mendoza-Ávila M, Gutiérrez-Cortez E, Quintero-García M, Real AD, Rivera-Muñoz EM, Ibarra-Alvarado C, Rubio E, Jiménez-Mendoza D, Rojas-Molina I. Calcium Bioavailability in the Soluble and Insoluble Fibers Extracted from Opuntia ficus indica at Different Maturity Stages in Growing Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113250. [PMID: 33114068 PMCID: PMC7690665 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are crucial stages of life for bone health. Therefore, an adequate calcium intake and a healthy life style constitute the main strategies to prevent the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures during adulthood. It has been demonstrated that inclusion of indigestible carbohydrates in foods can help improve calcium absorption in growing stages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of soluble and insoluble fibers extracted from O. ficus indica cladodes on calcium bioavailability. Male Wistar rats 4-week old were fed diets added with soluble and insoluble fibers extracted from O. ficus indica cladodes at early and late maturity stages, as the only source of calcium. The mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD), physical, microstructural, and biomechanical properties of rat femurs were determined. The bones of rats fed with diets containing a soluble fiber extracted from O. ficus indica at early and late maturity stages exhibited better bone properties (resistance to fracture, microarchitecture, and calcium content) than control rats and rats fed with an insoluble fiber from O. ficusindica cladodes at both maturity stages. As expected, based on these results, the BMD values were higher in adolescent and pubertal rats fed with a diet containing the O. ficus indica soluble fiber. These results demonstrate that the soluble fiber from O. ficus indica cladodes is indeed a valuable source of bioavailable calcium, which contributes to improve physical, densitometric, biomechanical, and microstructural properties of bone in growing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monsserrat Mendoza-Ávila
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
| | - Elsa Gutiérrez-Cortez
- Laboratorio de Procesos de Transformación y Tecnologías Emergentes en Alimentos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán–Teoloyucan, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico;
| | - Michelle Quintero-García
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico
| | - Alicia Del Real
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Jurqiuilla C.P. 7600, Querétaro, Mexico; (A.D.R.); (E.M.R.-M.)
| | - Eric M. Rivera-Muñoz
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Jurqiuilla C.P. 7600, Querétaro, Mexico; (A.D.R.); (E.M.R.-M.)
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
| | - Efraín Rubio
- Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Centro Universitario, Col. San Manuel S/N, Puebla C.P. 72540, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Jiménez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, Lomas del Bosque 103, Col. Lomas del Campestre, León C.P. 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Purísima del Rincón. Blvd. Del Valle 2301, Col. Guardarrayas, Purísima del Rincón, Purísima del Rincón Guanajuato C.P. 36413, Mexico
| | - Isela Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-442-1921200 (ext. 5529); Fax: +52-442-1921302
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du Toit A, de Wit M, Fouché HJ, Venter SL, Hugo A. Relationship between weather conditions and the physicochemical characteristics of cladodes and mucilage from two cactus pear species. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237517. [PMID: 32804974 PMCID: PMC7430719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change, limited water resources and expected population increases would require crops which contribute toward more resilient, more productive, more sustainable and climate-smart food systems. The cactus pear is a drought-resistant and sustainable food source to humans and livestock alike. Cactus mucilage has multiple applications in the food and packaging industry. It is eco-friendly, economical, functional and has multiple health benefits. However, the researchers observed umpteen variations in extracted mucilage yield and viscosity every time the cladodes were harvested, making the standardisation of formulations troublesome. We aimed to examine the effect of weather conditions on the physicochemical characteristics of cactus pear cladodes and mucilage extracted over two seasons to understand these observed variations in mucilage characteristics. Forty cladodes, ten from each of Opuntia ficus-indica Algerian, Morado and Gymno-Carpo and Opuntia robusta Robusta were harvested every month from February to August in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Daily weather data were obtained, weight and moisture contents determined on cladodes and yield, viscosity, pH, conductivity and malic acid content determined on extracted mucilage. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the weather conditions, cladode properties, and mucilage properties. Contrary to common belief, neither increasing cladode weight as they grow, nor rainfall were the leading causes of mucilage inconsistencies. However, the correlations showed a relationship between environmental temperatures, cladode pH and conductivity, and mucilage viscosity and yields. In hot summer weather, the pH was lower, which led to an abundance of positive ions in cladodes. The H+ ions neutralise the negative charges along the outstretched mucilage molecule, causing it to coil up, reducing the viscosity of the mucilage. Thus, environmental temperatures rather than rainfall or cladode maturity influenced the physicochemical characteristics of mucilage. The findings should make an essential contribution in predicting the physicochemical characteristics of mucilage for specific food-related functions by observing the weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba du Toit
- Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Maryna de Wit
- Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Hermanus J. Fouché
- Agricultural Research Council Animal Production, Irene, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Sonja L. Venter
- Agricultural Research Council Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Arnold Hugo
- Department of Consumer Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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29
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Mounir B, Younes EG, Asmaa M, Abdeljalil Z, Abdellah A. Physico-chemical changes in cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica as a function of the growth stage and harvesting areas. J Plant Physiol 2020; 251:153196. [PMID: 32485523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of cladodes Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) vary widely during maturation. However, few studies have been performed to evaluate changes in chemical characteristics on the pad depending on the maturity stages. Chemical proximate analysis like the content of total sugars, protein, dry matter, pH, conductivity and ash, depending on the variation of weight of the pad and the growing region was done to determine the changes of characteristics of nopal. Significant changes in physicochemical properties were observed among harvesting sites and during the growing stages. The principal component analysis was then performed to evaluate the relationship between harvesting sites, growth stages, and physicochemical properties. Results highlighted that Sidi El Aidi can be categorized as a poor ecotype among the studied ecotypes, besides, overall harvesting sites pH and proteins had a significant negative correlation with ash, total sugars, reducing sugars, conductivity proteins decrease with increasing age of nopals while total sugars, reducing sugars, and ash content showed the opposite trend. The high total sugar content, minerals of nopal pad (weight higher than 200 g) and proteins (weight lower than 200 g) could be an interesting source of these important components for human diets and also could be used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belbahloul Mounir
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, B.P. 577, Settat, 26000, Morocco.
| | - El Goumi Younes
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, B.P. 577, Settat, 26000, Morocco; Laboratory of Phyto-Biotechnology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, B.P. 159, Taounate, Morocco
| | - Msaad Asmaa
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, B.P. 577, Settat, 26000, Morocco
| | - Zouhri Abdeljalil
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, B.P. 577, Settat, 26000, Morocco
| | - Anouar Abdellah
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Hassan First University, B.P. 577, Settat, 26000, Morocco
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30
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Surup F, Minh Thi Tran T, Pfütze S, Budde J, Moussa-Ayoub TE, Rohn S, Jerz G. Opuntisines, 14-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids from fruits of Opuntia stricta var. dillenii isolated by high-performance countercurrent chromatography. Food Chem 2020; 334:127552. [PMID: 32795786 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of Opuntia stricta var. dillenii fruits were fractionated by semi-preparative high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) to study the secondary metabolite formation, whereby HPCCC showed a superior separation capacity to fractionate minor metabolites compared to HPLC. A family of new peptides was detected in semi-polar fractions when monitoring the HPCCC separation by off-line injections of fractions to ESI-MS/MS. Planar structures of the major compounds, two 14-ring-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids, which were named opuntisines A and B, were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESI-MS/MS spectrometry, while a combination of chemical derivatisation and degradation revealed the stereo-configurations. Specifically, the methods of Marfey and Mosher indicated l-Glu, l-Ile, l-Phe and 1S-configurations, respectively; ROESY correlations revealed 8S, 9S. The novel opuntisine A showed moderate activity against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, but no further antibacterial, antifungal nor cytotoxic effects. This bioactive natural product class is reported for the first time in the plant family Cactaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Surup
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Thu Minh Thi Tran
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; Food Technology and Biotechnology Department, Can Tho University of Technology, Can Tho, Viet Nam
| | - Sebastian Pfütze
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jarmo Budde
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tamer E Moussa-Ayoub
- Food Technology Department, Agriculture Faculty, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Quintero-García M, Gutiérrez-Cortez E, Rojas-Molina A, Mendoza-Ávila M, Del Real A, Rubio E, Jiménez-Mendoza D, Rojas-Molina I. Calcium Bioavailability of Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Bone Loss. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1431. [PMID: 32429103 PMCID: PMC7284886 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease of the skeletal system characterized by low bone mass and bone weakening, which increase the risk of fracture. This disease is associated with menopause because hypoestrogenism induces the maturation and activation of osteoclasts. In addition, a low dietary intake of calcium leads to low bone mineral density and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The objectives of this work were to determine calcium bioavailability of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes at a late maturity stage and to assess its contribution in improving bone health in an ovariectomized rat model. Two-month-old Wistar female rats (n = 35) were used and distributed in seven experimental groups: (i) control group (Crtl), (ii) sham group (SH), (iii) ovariectomized group (OVX), (iv) ovariectomized group supplemented with calcium citrate (CCa), (v) ovariectomized group supplemented with O. ficus-indica powder (NI), (vi) ovariectomized group supplemented with soluble fiber from O. ficus-indica (FS) and (vii) ovariectomized group supplemented with insoluble fiber from O. ficus-indica (FI). Our results showed that calcium in the soluble fiber of O. ficus-indica is bioavailable and contributes to improve the physical, densitometric, biomechanical and microstructural properties of bones in ovariectomized rats. These findings indicated that O. ficus-indica cladodes at a late maturity stage represent a good source of bioavailable calcium and consumption of these cladodes might be beneficial for the prevention of osteoporosis and other bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Quintero-García
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico;
| | - Elsa Gutiérrez-Cortez
- Laboratorio de procesos de transformación y tecnologías emergentes en alimentos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán–Teoloyucan, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán-Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico;
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico;
| | - Monsserrat Mendoza-Ávila
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Mexico;
| | - Alicia Del Real
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla C.P. 7600, Querétaro, Mexico;
| | - Efraín Rubio
- Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Centro Universitario, Col. San Manuel S/N, Puebla C.P. 72540, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Jiménez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, Lomas del Bosque 103, Col. Lomas del Campestre, León C.P. 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Purísima del Rincón. Blvd. Del Valle 2301, Col. Guardarrayas, Purísima del Rincón C.P. 36413, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Isela Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico;
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32
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Missaoui M, D’Antuono I, D’Imperio M, Linsalata V, Boukhchina S, Logrieco AF, Cardinali A. Characterization of Micronutrients, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Prickly Pear Cladodes as Functional Ingredient. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092176. [PMID: 32384787 PMCID: PMC7248772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Opuntia ficus indica (L.) (OFI) is used as a nutritional and pharmaceutical agent in various dietary and value added products. This study underlines the possible use of native prickly pear cladode powder as a functional ingredient for health-promoting food production. To summarise, chemical characterization of polyphenols, minerals and soluble dietary fibre was performed; furthermore, the antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of polyphenols and minerals were assessed. Eleven compounds between phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified, with piscidic acid and isorhamnetin derivatives being the most abundant. Opuntia’s dietary fibre was mainly constituted of mucilage and pectin, and was composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, and xylose sugars. The polyphenols’ bioaccessibility was very high: piscidic acid at 200%, eucomic and ferulic acids >110% and flavonoids from 89% to 100%. The prickly pear cladode powder is also a source of minerals, as cations (calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium) and anions (sulphate and chloride), with high magnesium bioaccessibilty (93%). OFI powder showed good capacity of radical scavenging measured by DPPH and ABTS methods, with 740 and 775 μmol Trolox/100 g OFI, respectively. Finally, the presented results allow the consideration of this natural product as a source of several essential nutrients, with a possible use in the food industry as a functional ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriam Missaoui
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Biomolecules Valorization, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, LR18ES03, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (M.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Isabella D’Antuono
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Council of Research (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-5929303; Fax: +39-080-5929374
| | - Massimiliano D’Imperio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Council of Research (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Vito Linsalata
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Council of Research (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Sadok Boukhchina
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Biomolecules Valorization, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, LR18ES03, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (M.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Antonio F. Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Council of Research (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Cardinali
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Council of Research (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.D.); (V.L.); (A.F.L.); (A.C.)
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M Hegazy E, Ibrahim NM, S M Saleh N. Determination of Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities in Cookies Fortified with Solar Dried Prickly Pear Peels Powder. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:590-601. [PMID: 32363815 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.590.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The fortification of bakery products by new materials that attain various goals is considered a challenging that finally gains useful health amelioration. This study was planned to assess the effect of incorporation of solar dried prickly pear peels powder in qaraqeesh (Egyptian cookies) with respect to increase shelf life, sensory palatability and nutritional value. Prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) beside distributed in arid and semiarid regions proved to have phytochemical compounds with high antioxidants capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fungi colonies were isolated from prickly pear peels. Three levels (1, 3 and 5%) of dried peels powder were added to wheat flour along with other ingredients to make cookies samples. Mycological analysis was assessed in yeast with the three concentrations of peels powder as well as the fresh peels and negative control. The total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins and carotenoids as well as the antioxidant activity were evaluated in fresh and dried cactus peels. RESULTS Findings showed that the prickly pear peels powder (PPPP) antioxidant activity was not much affected by the solar drying conditions. The effect of different extracting solvents at different polarties and pH on the phenolic and flavonoids contents of PPPP was studied. Aflatoxins production by aflatoxignicity A. flavus (ATCC 28542) was inhibited by adding different concentrations of PPPP to cookies. Sensory evaluation of fortified cookies was done. All the evaluated characteristics of cookies were given nearly the same values for all levels of dried peels powder. CONCLUSION Addition of 5% dried cactus peel had lower overall quality and color than the control. Adding 3% of PPPP to cookies (qaraqeesh) showed the highest sensory score. Dried cactus peels may improve quality, nutritional value and shelf life of cookies.
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Jo MS, Lee S, Yu JS, Baek SC, Cho YC, Kim KH. Megastigmane Derivatives from the Cladodes of Opuntia humifusa and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities in Macrophages. J Nat Prod 2020; 83:684-692. [PMID: 32118424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia humifusa, known as the eastern prickly pear cactus and locally called "Cheonnyuncho" in Korea, is cultivated widely on Jeju Island, Korea. Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract of the cladodes of O. humifusa, for which previous research is relatively limited, was performed under the guidance of LC/MS-based analysis. As a result, one new megastigmane (1) and four new megastigmane glucosides (2-5) were isolated along with 18 known compounds (6-23). The structures of the new compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS, and their absolute configurations were established by chemical reactions, quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations, and DP4+ analysis using the gauge-including atomic orbital NMR chemical shift calculations as well as the application of Snatzke's method. The isolated compounds (1-23) were tested for NO production inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells to investigate their anti-inflammatory effects. Compounds 10 and 11 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in a dose-dependent manner. The potential mechanistic pathway of 10 and 11 was also investigated using Western blotting, indicating that compounds 10 and 11 inhibit NO through iNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Seok Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Cheol Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Hernandez-Becerra E, Mendoza-Avila M, Jiménez-Mendoza D, Gutierrez-Cortez E, Rodríguez-García ME, Rojas-Molina I. Effect of Nopal (Opuntia ficus indica) Consumption at Different Maturity Stages as an Only Calcium Source on Bone Mineral Metabolism in Growing Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 194:168-176. [PMID: 31127473 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This work determines the effect nopal consumption at different maturity stages (60, 200, 400, and 600 g) as the only calcium source in bone metabolism. The apparent mineral absorption, the biomarkers of bone metabolism, the bone mineral density at different femoral regions, and crystal properties of the bone were evaluated during the growth stage. The Ca absorption was increased with the rat age in most of the experimental groups, while Mg supplementation decreased intestinal absorption probably due to a saturation process. Intestinal Ca and Mg absorption showed an opposite trend; this result suggests that both ions can compete for vitamin D absorption sites. The percentage of absorption of K was lower in the groups fed with Nopal; nevertheless, due to supplementation, the net absorption was higher than the control group. In all groups, osteocalcin levels decreased with the rat age. Nopal consumption increased osteocalcin levels during the adolescence stage in comparison to the control group. Amino N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen levels increased in puberty and adolescence in all groups compared to the control group. Bone mineral density in different femoral regions was lower in the groups fed with nopal at early maturity stages (N-60 and N-200) than the groups fed with nopal at late maturity stages (N-400 and N-600). The crystal size of hydroxyapatite exhibited changes for all the groups, indicating the inclusion of mono and divalent ions in calcium replacement. On this basis, the nopal at late maturity stage contributed to bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Hernandez-Becerra
- Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, A.P. 1-1010, C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
- Licenciatura en Tecnología, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla A.P. 1-1010, C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - Monserrat Mendoza-Avila
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, 76010, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico
| | - Daniel Jiménez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Elsa Gutierrez-Cortez
- Facultad dde Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Laboratorio de Transformación y Tecnologías Emergentes en Alimentos, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, San Sebastián Xhala, C.P. 54714, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo de México, Mexico
| | - Mario E Rodríguez-García
- Departamento de Nanotecnología, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, A.P. 1-1010, C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico
| | - Isela Rojas-Molina
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, 76010, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N,, C.P. 76010, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico
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Oniszczuk A, Wójtowicz A, Oniszczuk T, Matwijczuk A, Dib A, Markut-Miotła E. Opuntia Fruits as Food Enriching Ingredient, the First Step towards New Functional Food Products. Molecules 2020; 25:E916. [PMID: 32085649 PMCID: PMC7070420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill.) is a rich source of vitamins C, B1, B2, A, and E, minerals such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, and phosphorus, as well as bioactive substances, i.e., carotenoids, betalains, and phenolic compounds. Of these, the phenolic acids, betalains, and flavonoids are notable in that they are largely responsible for the health-promoting properties of this plant. The purpose of the presented research was to first determine the antioxidant properties and the content of polyphenolic compounds (including individual phenolic acids) in prickly pear fruit, then to produce an innovative gluten-free pasta from rice-field bean flour enriched with various amounts of pear prickly fruit. The content of free phenolic acids, the sum of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of pasta were subsequently determined in the supplemented pasta. Chromatographic analysis (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) showed a wide variety of phenolic acids. In the fruit sample, 14 acids were detected, whereas in the pasta sample without additives, 9. The dominant acid was isoferulic. The total content of free phenolic acids and the sum of polyphenols increased with increasing content of the functional additive. Moreover, the content of individual acids generally increased as the Opuntia fruit was added. The antioxidant activity was also positively correlated with the addition of fruit, with the content of free phenolic acids and the sum of polyphenols. Our research has shown that our innovative pasta with the addition of prickly fruit can become a source of the free phenolic acids indispensable for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wójtowicz
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ahlem Dib
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Technologie Alimentaire, Institut de la Nutrition, de l’Alimentation et des Technologies Agro-Alimentaires, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria;
| | - Ewa Markut-Miotła
- Departament of Lung Diseases & Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Robert P, Vergara C, Silva-Weiss A, Osorio FA, Santander R, Sáenz C, Giménez B. Influence of gelation on the retention of purple cactus pear extract in microencapsulated double emulsions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227866. [PMID: 31945132 PMCID: PMC6964817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A purple cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) extract (CP) was encapsulated in double emulsions (DE) gelled with gelatin (DE-CP-G) and with gelatin and transglutaminase (DE-CP-GT), as well as in a DE with a liquid external aqueous phase (DE-CP), in order to study the retention of betanin as colorant agent. Both gelled DEs showed a predominantly elastic behavior, in contrast with DE-CP. The degradation rate constant of betanin was significantly higher in DE-CP-GT (90.2 x 10−3 days-1) than in DE-CP-G (11.0 x 10−3 days-1) and DE-CP (14.6 x 10−3 days-1) during cold-storage (4 °C). A shift towards yellow color was found in all the systems during cold-storage (4 °C) and after thermal treatment (70°C/30 min), especially in DE-CP-GT, denoting a higher degradation of betanin. Betalamic acid, cyclo-Dopa 5-O-β-glucoside, 17-decarboxy-betanin and neobetanin were identified by UHPLC-MS/MS as degradation products of betanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz Robert
- Dpto. Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Vergara
- INIA La Platina, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Silva-Weiss
- Dpto. Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad Tecnológica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando A. Osorio
- Dpto. Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad Tecnológica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rocío Santander
- Dpto. de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen Sáenz
- Dpto. de Agroindustria y Enología, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Begoña Giménez
- Dpto. Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad Tecnológica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
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Elsawi SA, Radwan RR, Elbatanony MM, El-Feky AM, Sherif NH. Prophylactic Effect of Opuntia ficus indica Fruit Peel Extract against Irradiation-Induced Colon Injury in Rats. Planta Med 2020; 86:61-69. [PMID: 31627218 DOI: 10.1055/a-1019-9801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica extract has been used in traditional folk medicine for several purposes and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. This study was directed to explore the prophylactic effect of O. ficus-indica fruit peel extract against irradiation-induced colitis in rats. GC/MS analysis of the petroleum ether extract led to recognition of 33 compounds in the unsaponifiable fraction and 15 fatty acid methyl esters in the saponifiable part. Thirteen terpenes and sterols were isolated and identified from which ten compounds were not isolated from any part of this species before. Data showed that irradiation induced colon injury as manifested by elevated contents of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nuclear factor kappa B, while it reduced superoxide dismutase activity and interleukin 10 content in colonic tissues, which was confirmed by histopathological examination. Pretreatment with O. ficus-indica extract attenuated the alteration in the measured parameters. It could be concluded that O. ficus-indica fruit peel extract can be regarded as a potential agent in limiting colonic complications due to irradiation, possibly by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A Elsawi
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rasha R Radwan
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Amal M El-Feky
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - N H Sherif
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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Camelo Caballero LR, Wilches-Torres A, Cárdenas-Chaparro A, Gómez Castaño JA, Otálora MC. Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Softgels Cross-Linked with Cactus Mucilage Extracted from Cladodes of Opuntia Ficus-Indica. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142531. [PMID: 31373288 PMCID: PMC6680749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A new crosslinking formulation using gelatin (G) and cactus mucilage (CM) biopolymers was developed, physicochemically characterized and proposed as an alternative wall material to traditional gelatin capsules (softgels). The effect of G concentration at different G/CM ratios (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3) was analyzed. Transparency, moisture content (MC), solubility in water (SW), morphology (scanning electron microscopy, SEM), vibrational characterization (Fourier transform infrared, FTIR), color parameters (CIELab) and thermal (differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric analysis, DSC/TGA) properties of the prepared composite (CMC) capsules were estimated and compared with control (CC) capsules containing only G and glycerol. In addition, the dietary fiber (DF) content was also evaluated. Our results showed that the transparency of composite samples decreased gradually with the presence of CM, the G/CM ratio of 3:1 being suitable to form the softgels. The addition of CM decreased the MC, the SW and the lightness of the capsules. Furthermore, the presence of polysaccharide had significant effects on the morphology and thermal behavior of CMC in contrast to CC. FTIR spectra confirmed the CMC formation by crosslinking between CM and G biopolymers. The addition of CM to the softgels formulation influenced the DF content. Our findings support the feasibility of developing softgels using a formulation of CM and G as wall material with nutritional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Camelo Caballero
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 150001, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Andrea Wilches-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas (NÚCLEO), Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja 150001, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Agobardo Cárdenas-Chaparro
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 150001, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Jovanny A Gómez Castaño
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 150001, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - María Carolina Otálora
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas (NÚCLEO), Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja 150001, Boyacá, Colombia.
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Attanzio A, Diana P, Barraja P, Carbone A, Spanò V, Parrino B, Cascioferro SM, Allegra M, Cirrincione G, Tesoriere L, Montalbano A. Quality, functional and sensory evaluation of pasta fortified with extracts from Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:4242-4247. [PMID: 30801716 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stems of Opuntia ficus-indica, known as cladodes, are a rich source of soluble fibers, which makes them an important candidate for the production of functional foods. Tagliatelle of durum wheat fortified with Opuntia cladode extract (OCE) at different levels of addition (10-30%, v/w) was prepared on a laboratory scale and quality characteristics and sensory acceptability were assessed. RESULTS The main quality parameters (optimal cooking time, swelling index, cooking loss, dry matter) and sensory analysis on a nine-point hedonic scale were comparable with those of the control pasta sample (no added OCE) when durum wheat was supplemented with OCE at up to 20% (v/w). An in vitro human simulated gastrointestinal digestion in the presence of cholesterol or its main dietary oxidized derivative, 7-ketocholesterol, showed that OCE-fortified pasta strongly reduced the bioaccessibility of both the sterols (the higher the incorporated OCE level, the higher the effect). Moreover the extent of starch digestion decreased with increasing levels of OCE. CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicate that OCE-fortified pasta comprises a food with healthy properties, such as blood cholesterol- and glucose-lowering capabilities. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Attanzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Barraja
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Carbone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stella M Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Reyes-Reyes M, Salazar-Montoya JA, Rodríguez-Páez LI, Ramos-Ramírez EG. In vitro fermentation of oligosaccharides obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of Opuntia streptacantha mucilage. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:2883-2891. [PMID: 30460676 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among Cactaceae, the genus Opuntia is widely known for the use of its biomass as cattle fodder and in human nutrition (e.g. species such as Opuntia ficus indica and Opuntia streptacantha). In particular, O. streptacantha (OS) produces abundant mucilage and, hence, the characterization of its properties and nutritional value is important. Accordingly, determination of the dietary fiber content of the OS mucilage and the fermentability of its hydrolysis products (oligosaccharides, OLI) is important for developing new uses of the crop as a functional food. RESULTS The values for insoluble dietary fiber and soluble dietary fiber in the mucilage were 204.6 and 371.6 g kg-1 , respectively. After hydrolysis of OS mucilage with α-amylase, three purified fractions of OLI were evaluated (OLI-A, OLI-B and OLI-C). OLI (1% w/v) stimulated the growth of the commercial probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis) in vitro, showing behaviors similar to those of commercial inulin. The production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the fermentation broth was also determined. The final pH of the fermentation broth as well as the identification and concentrations of SCFA depended on the type of OLI and probiotic used. CONCLUSION The OS mucilage is an unconventional fiber source and can be used to produce non-digestible OLI as functional compounds. This knowledge will be useful for proposing new sustainable ways of processing cacti crops for food and industrial purposes. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Reyes-Reyes
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Department, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
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Smeriglio A, Bonasera S, Germanò MP, D'Angelo V, Barreca D, Denaro M, Monforte MT, Galati EM, Trombetta D. Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. fruit as source of betalains with antioxidant, cytoprotective, and anti-angiogenic properties. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1526-1537. [PMID: 30907039 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the phytochemical profile and biological properties of different colours of betalain cactus pear extracts, evaluating their antioxidant, cytoprotective, and anti-angiogenic properties by cell-free, cell-based, and in vivo assays. A QuEChERS extraction method followed by RP-LC-DAD-MS/MS analysis showed that indicaxanthin and betanin were the main compounds (≥94.32% and ≥96.95%, respectively). Orange cactus pear extracts exert the best antioxidant activity in all assays carried out, in particular into ORAC (17,352.55 ± 987.407 mg trolox equivalents/100 g dry weight) and β-carotene bleaching (60.35%) assays. The red ones, instead, showed the best cytoprotective activity decreasing the cell mortality, LDH, and Caspase-3 release ranging from 4.0 to 55%. According to antioxidant results, the orange cactus pear extracts showing also the highest anti-angiogenic activity (IC50 19.31 μg/ml), followed by the red (IC50 23.55 μg/ml) and the yellow ones (IC50 33.97 μg/ml). In light of the results and correlation analysis, the behaviour of these molecules varies a lot according to their structure and physicochemical features and synergistic activity between betalain classes may be postulated; so the plant complex could be of greater interest compared with the isolated molecules for potential nutraceutical and pharmaceutical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Foundation Prof. Antonio Imbesi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Bonasera
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Foundation Prof. Antonio Imbesi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Angelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marcella Denaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Foundation Prof. Antonio Imbesi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Monforte
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Galati
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Izuegbuna O, Otunola G, Bradley G. Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Opuntia stricta cladodes. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209682. [PMID: 30695064 PMCID: PMC6350967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Opuntia spp. have been used in traditional medicine for many centuries. It is used in the management of diseases that involves oxidative stress, especially diabetes, obesity and cancer. Opuntia stricta (Haw) is one of the relatively unknown species in South Africa where it is regarded more as a weed. Because of this, not much is known about its chemical composition. Aim To determine the chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Opuntia stricta cladodes. Methods The phytochemical composition of acetone, aqueous and ethanol extract of cladodes of Opuntia stricta (Haw), as well as the vitamins A, C and E of its dried weight cladodes and the antioxidant activities, were evaluated using standard in vitro methods. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities were evaluated using cell-based assays. The phytochemical composition and vitamins were determined spectrophotometrically, while the antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and phosphomolybdenum (total) antioxidant activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined using RAW 264.7 cells, while cytotoxicity was determined using U937 cells. Results The phytochemical composition showed a significant difference in the various extracts. The total phenolics were higher than other phytochemicals in all the extracts used. All the extracts displayed antioxidant activity, while most of the extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity. Only one extract showed cytotoxicity, and it was mild. Conclusion The results show that the Opuntia stricta is rich in polyphenolic compounds and has good antioxidant activity as well as anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogochukwu Izuegbuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science & Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Gloria Otunola
- Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science & Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Graeme Bradley
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science & Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Scepankova H, Martins M, Estevinho L, Delgadillo I, Saraiva JA. Enhancement of Bioactivity of Natural Extracts by Non-Thermal High Hydrostatic Pressure Extraction. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2018; 73:253-267. [PMID: 30269189 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural extracts, like those obtained from medicinal herbs, dietary plants and fruits are being recognized as important sources of bioactive compounds with several functionalities including antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Plant extracts rich in phenolic antioxidants are currently being successfully used for several pharmaceutical applications and in the development of new foods (i.e., functional foods), in order to enhance the bioactivity of the products and to replace synthetic antioxidants. The extraction method applied in the recovery of the bioactive compounds from natural materials is a key factor to enhance the bioactivity of the extracts. However, most of the extraction techniques have to employ heat, which can easily lead to heat-sensitive compounds losing their biological activity, due to changes caused by temperature. Presently, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is being increasingly explored as a cold extraction method of bioactive compounds from natural sources. This non-thermal high hydrostatic pressure extraction (HHPE) technique allows one to reduce the extraction time and increase the extraction of natural beneficial ingredients, in terms of nutritional value and biological activities and thus enhance the bioactivity of the extracts. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview on the extraction efficiency of HHPE for the production of natural extracts with enhanced bioactivity, based on the extraction yield, total content and individual composition of bioactive compounds, extraction selectivity, and biological activities of the different plant extracts, so far studied by extraction with this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Scepankova
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Martins
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Letícia Estevinho
- Agricultural College of Bragança, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5301-855, Bragança, Portugal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ivonne Delgadillo
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Allegra M, De Cicco P, Ercolano G, Attanzio A, Busà R, Cirino G, Tesoriere L, Livrea MA, Ianaro A. Indicaxanthin from Opuntia Ficus Indica (L. Mill) impairs melanoma cell proliferation, invasiveness, and tumor progression. Phytomedicine 2018; 50:19-24. [PMID: 30466978 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strong, reciprocal crosstalk between inflammation and melanoma has rigorously been demonstrated in recent years, showing how crucial is a pro-inflammatory microenvironment to drive therapy resistance and metastasis. PURPOSE We investigated on the effects of Indicaxanthin, a novel, anti-inflammatory and bioavailable phytochemical from Opuntia Ficus Indica fruits, against human melanoma both in vitro and in vivo. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The effects of indicaxanthin were evaluated against the proliferation of A375 human melanoma cell line and in a mice model of cutaneous melanoma. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, apoptosis by Annexin V-Fluorescein Isothiocyanate/Propidium Iodide staining, protein expression by western blotting, melanoma lesions were subcutaneously injected in mice with B16/F10 cells, chemokine release was quantified by ELISA. RESULTS Data herein presented demonstrate that indicaxanthin effectively inhibits the proliferation of the highly metastatic and invasive A375 cells as shown by growth inhibition, apoptosis induction and cell invasiveness reduction. More interestingly, in vitro data were paralleled by those in vivo showing that indicaxanthin significantly reduced tumor development when orally administered to mice. The results of our study also clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiproliferative effect of indicaxanthin, individuating the inhibition of NF-κB pathway as predominant. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we demonstrated that indicaxanthin represents a novel phytochemical able to significantly inhibit human melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and to impair tumor progression in vivo. When considering the resistance of melanoma to the current therapeutical approach and the very limited number of phytochemicals able to partially counteract it, our findings may be of interest to explore indicaxanthin potential in further and more complex melanoma studies in combo therapy, i.e. where different check points of melanoma development are targeted.
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Key Words
- Apoptosis
- Bcl-2, B cell lymphoma gene-2 (Bcl-2)
- CXCL1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1
- Indicaxanthin
- Inflammation
- List of Abbrevations: AxV-FITC, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate
- MTT, 3-[4,5-dimethyltiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide
- Melanoma
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
- NHEM, normal human epidermal melanocytes
- Opuntia Ficus Indica (L.Mill)
- PI, propidium iodide PI
- PhC, phytochemicals
- Phytochemical
- c-FLIP, FLICE-inhibitory protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Allegra
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola De Cicco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Scuola di Medicina, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ercolano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Scuola di Medicina, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Busà
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Scuola di Medicina, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria A Livrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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Chahdoura H, Khlifi A, Lamine JB, Ziani BEC, Adouni K, El Bok S, Haouas Z, Neffati F, Zakhama A, Flamini G, Achour L. Protective potential of Opuntia microdasys flower decoction on fructose-alloxan-induced diabetic rats on kidney and pancreas: chemical and immunohistochemical analyses. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:33645-33655. [PMID: 30276684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a serious condition that is linked to the development of oxidative stress causing among many other effects, kidney failure and pancreatic disorders. However, traditional plant-based remedies can be considered an alternative to diabetes healing. In this context, this study was oriented towards evaluating the protective effect of the flowers of Opuntia microdasys Lehm. collected in Tunisia at a biochemical and histological level on kidneys and pancreas of a type 2 diabetic rats. Renal and pancreatic toxicities were induced in diabetic male Wistar rats by fructose alloxan. Diabetic rats were treated with an extract obtained from flowers collected at post-flowering stage (OFP) (100 and 200 mg kg-1 bw) and metformin (100 mg kg-1 bw) for 28 days. Oral administration of OFP at 200 mg kg-1 bw showed significant reduction of the uric acid, urea, creatinine, amylase, lipase, and glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc). The levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx were increased, while protein carbonyls and lipid peroxidation TBARS levels were reduced in the kidney and pancreas. The altered kidney and pancreas histology were restored in rats treated with OFP. Thus, the present study demonstrated that OFP has antihyperglycemic activity in fructose-alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassiba Chahdoura
- Laboratoire de Recherche "Bioressourses, Biologie Intégrative and Valorisation," Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Aida Khlifi
- Laboratoire de Recherche "Bioressourses, Biologie Intégrative and Valorisation," Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jihéne Ben Lamine
- Laboratoire de Recherche "Bioressourses, Biologie Intégrative and Valorisation," Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Borhane Eddine Cherif Ziani
- Centre de recherche scientifique et Technique en Analyses physico-chimiques CRAPC, Bouismail, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Khawla Adouni
- Laboratoire de Recherche "Bioressourses, Biologie Intégrative and Valorisation," Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Safia El Bok
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Biotechnologies et Changements Climatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fadoua Neffati
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Universitaire de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Laboratoire de Recherche "Bioressourses, Biologie Intégrative and Valorisation," Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
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Quintanar-Orozco ET, Vázquez-Rodríguez GA, Beltrán-Hernández RI, Lucho-Constantino CA, Coronel-Olivares C, Montiel SG, Islas-Valdez S. Enhancement of the biogas and biofertilizer production from Opuntia heliabravoana Scheinvar. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:28403-28412. [PMID: 30083904 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Waste Opuntia is an abundant source of biomass to produce biogas and biofertilizer in a small and commercial scale. This crop has a high biomass yield, wide adaptation to diverse climatic zones, rapid growth, and low input requirements. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of adjusting C/N ratio and an alkaline pretreatment (AP) of waste Opuntia heliabravoana Scheinvar in the production of biogas and biofertilizer in anaerobic reactors. AP bioreactors produced more biogas than the control (C, without the combined effect of AP); besides, in this process, it was not necessary to use additional water due to the high content of water that is present in the tissue of this crop. On the other hand, both biofertilizers (C and AP) had enssential microbial groups that help to enhance plant nutrition as S-reducers, S-oxidizers, amylolytic, cellulolytic bacteria, anaerobic S-mineralizers, cellulolytic fungi, and P-solubilizers. Also, the AP treatment to help to increase 1.5:1 total nitrogen (TN) concentration decreased the pathogenic microorganisms in the biofertilizer compared to the C treatment. For this reason, Opuntia spp. is a good substrate for production of biogas and biofertilizer with essential nutrients for many crops in area with water scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erendira Tonantzin Quintanar-Orozco
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Alejandra Vázquez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Rosa Icela Beltrán-Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alexander Lucho-Constantino
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico.
| | - Claudia Coronel-Olivares
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Simplicio González Montiel
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Samira Islas-Valdez
- Departamento de Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomas y Valiente No 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Lefsih K, Giacomazza D, Passantino R, Costa MA, Bulone D, Mangione MR, Guarrasi V, Mingoia F, San Biagio PL, Madani K. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of water-soluble pectin from Opuntia ficus-indica and its potential cytotoxic activity. Phytochemistry 2018; 154:47-55. [PMID: 30006087 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to fill the gap in the present knowledge about the structure of pectin from Opuntia ficus-indica. The water-soluble pectin (WSP) fraction, extracted with the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE), was further deproteinated (dWSP) and analyzed through several biophysical and biochemical techniques. HPSEC, light scattering and FTIR data showed that dWSP is low methylated high molecular weight pectin. The biochemical structure of dWSP, after methanolysis, silylation, carboxyl reduction showed that dWSP belongs to rhamnogalacturonan I class. Then, dWSP was heat-modified (HM) to obtain small-molecular weight deproteinated fraction (HM-dWSP). Both species, dWSP and HM-dWSP, were tested in LAN5 and NIH 3T3 model cells to study their biological effect. Results indicated that both dWSP and HM-dWSP exerted cytotoxic activity affecting selectively LAN5 cancer cells, without any effect on NIH 3T3 normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalef Lefsih
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria; Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Tizi ouzou, 15000, Tizi ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Bulone
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Guarrasi
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Mingoia
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Khodir Madani
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
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Han AR, Lim TG, Song YR, Jang M, Rhee YK, Hong HD, Kim MH, Kim HJ, Cho CW. Inhibitory Effect of Opuntia humifusa Fruit Water Extract on Solar Ultraviolet-Induced MMP-1 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092503. [PMID: 30149526 PMCID: PMC6163292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Opuntia humifusa is a type of cactus whose fruits have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether O. humifusa fruit water extract (OHE) has inhibitory effects against solar ultraviolet (sUV)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression. In ex vivo human skin, we found that OHE suppressed sUV radiation-induced MMP-1 expression. The inhibitory effect of OHE was confirmed in human dermal fibroblasts. OHE treatment reduced sUV-induced MMP-1 expression by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and phosphorylation of c-Jun, a component of transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1). On the other hand, OHE recovered the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) and type 1 collagen production attenuated by sUV. As upstream signaling pathways for AP-1, MKK4-JNK, MEK-ERK, and MKK3/6-p38 phosphorylation were downregulated by OHE treatment. In addition, OHE exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity. These findings demonstrate that OHE has a preventive effect against sUV-induced skin damage via suppression of pathways triggered by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Ram Han
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Young-Ran Song
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Mi Jang
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Young Kyoung Rhee
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Hee-Do Hong
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Mi-Hyun Kim
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 plus), and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si 52828, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea.
| | - Chang-Won Cho
- Traditional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
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Aruwa CE, Amoo SO, Kudanga T. Opuntia (Cactaceae) plant compounds, biological activities and prospects - A comprehensive review. Food Res Int 2018; 112:328-344. [PMID: 30131144 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Opuntia species are utilized as local medicinal interventions for chronic diseases and as food sources mainly because they possess nutritional properties and biological activities. The Opuntia plant is distributed worldwide and has great economic potential. Differences in Opuntia species phytochemical composition exist between wild and domesticated species, and within species. Opuntia aerial and underground parts exhibit beneficial properties due to their phenolic content, other antioxidants (for example ascorbate), pigments (carotenoids, betalains), and other unidentified components. This work comprehensively reviews the phytochemical composition of the different aerial and underground plant parts of Opuntia species. The applications of Opuntia compounds and their biological activities are also discussed. Other topical aspects covered include Opuntia spp. taurine composition, Opuntia side effects, Opuntia by-products valorisation and the role of Opuntia spp. in tackling antimicrobial resistance. Although biological activities have been extensively researched, much less information is available on reaction mechanisms, herbal mixtures toxicology and commercialisation prospects - aspects which should be considered for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Eleojo Aruwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Stephen O Amoo
- Agricultural Research Council, Roodeplaat Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Tukayi Kudanga
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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