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Hernández-Torres DA, López-Hernández ME, Camacho-Moll ME, Bermúdez de León M, Peñuelas-Urquides K, González-Escalante LA, González-Reyna R, García-Leija DL, Escobedo-Guajardo BL. Cardiovascular Risk Factors as Predictors of Nutritional Status in Older Mexican Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:2662. [PMID: 39203799 PMCID: PMC11357025 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is commonly accompanied by increased cardiovascular risk and diet plays a crucial role in health condition. The aim of this study was to determine cardiovascular risk factors as predictors of nutritional risk in Mexican older adults. A cross-sectional study on Mexican patients aged ≥60 years with cardiovascular risk factors affiliated with a medical unit in Northeast Mexico was performed from July to December 2021. The nutritional risk evaluations were performed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. After a multivariate analysis, the cardiovascular risk factors identified as independent predictors of risk of malnutrition were hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.8; 95% CI: 1.03-3.14; p = 0.04) and systolic hypertension I (AOR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.04-5.02; p = 0.041); age over 80 years (AOR: 5.17; 95% CI: 1.83-14.65, p = 0.002) and elementary school education (AOR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.20-4.55; p = 0.013) were also related. The cross-sectional design and single-center approach of this study limits the generalizability of the results; however, conducting timely evaluations of blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and risk of malnutrition using the MNA tool for patients aged ≥60 years could prevent illness and reduce mortality within this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennys Alexandra Hernández-Torres
- Unidad De Medicina Familiar No. 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalupe C.P. 67140, Nuevo León, Mexico; (D.A.H.-T.); (M.E.L.-H.); (R.G.-R.); (D.L.G.-L.)
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.E.C.-M.); (M.B.d.L.)
| | - Myrna Elizabeth López-Hernández
- Unidad De Medicina Familiar No. 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalupe C.P. 67140, Nuevo León, Mexico; (D.A.H.-T.); (M.E.L.-H.); (R.G.-R.); (D.L.G.-L.)
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.E.C.-M.); (M.B.d.L.)
| | - Maria Elena Camacho-Moll
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.E.C.-M.); (M.B.d.L.)
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico; (K.P.-U.); (L.A.G.-E.)
| | - Mario Bermúdez de León
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.E.C.-M.); (M.B.d.L.)
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico; (K.P.-U.); (L.A.G.-E.)
| | - Katia Peñuelas-Urquides
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico; (K.P.-U.); (L.A.G.-E.)
| | - Laura Adiene González-Escalante
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico; (K.P.-U.); (L.A.G.-E.)
| | - Román González-Reyna
- Unidad De Medicina Familiar No. 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalupe C.P. 67140, Nuevo León, Mexico; (D.A.H.-T.); (M.E.L.-H.); (R.G.-R.); (D.L.G.-L.)
| | - Darinka Laillete García-Leija
- Unidad De Medicina Familiar No. 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalupe C.P. 67140, Nuevo León, Mexico; (D.A.H.-T.); (M.E.L.-H.); (R.G.-R.); (D.L.G.-L.)
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.E.C.-M.); (M.B.d.L.)
| | - Brenda Leticia Escobedo-Guajardo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico; (K.P.-U.); (L.A.G.-E.)
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Zhang Z, Pereira SL, Luo M, Matheson EM. Evaluation of Blood Biomarkers Associated with Risk of Malnutrition in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2017; 9:E829. [PMID: 28771192 PMCID: PMC5579622 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is a common yet under-recognized problem in hospitalized patients. The aim of this paper was to systematically review and evaluate malnutrition biomarkers among order adults. Eligible studies were identified through Cochrane, PubMed and the ProQuest Dialog. A meta-regression was performed on concentrations of biomarkers according to malnutrition risks classified by validated nutrition assessment tools. A total of 111 studies were included, representing 52,911 participants (55% female, 72 ± 17 years old) from various clinical settings (hospital, community, care homes). The estimated BMI (p < 0.001) and concentrations of albumin (p < 0.001), hemoglobin (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), prealbumin (p < 0.001) and total protein (p < 0.05) among subjects at high malnutrition risk by MNA were significantly lower than those without a risk. Similar results were observed for malnutrition identified by SGA and NRS-2002. A sensitivity analysis by including patients with acute illness showed that albumin and prealbumin concentrations were dramatically reduced, indicating that they must be carefully interpreted in acute care settings. This review showed that BMI, hemoglobin, and total cholesterol are useful biomarkers of malnutrition in older adults. The reference ranges and cut-offs may need to be updated to avoid underdiagnosis of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, 138668 Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - Menghua Luo
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Columbus, OH 43219, USA.
| | - Eric M Matheson
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
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