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Ji C, Huang J, Yu H, Tian Y, Rao X, Zhang X. Do the Reclaimed Fungal Communities Succeed Toward the Original Structure in Eco-Fragile Regions of Coal Mining Disturbances? A Case Study in North China Loess—Aeolian Sand Area. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:770715. [PMID: 35432266 PMCID: PMC9010878 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.770715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mining activity has caused serious environmental damage, particularly for soil ecosystems. How the soil fungal community evolves in mine reclamation and what are the succession patterns of molecular ecological networks still needs to be studied in depth. We used high-throughput sequencing to explore the changes in soil fungal communities, molecular ecological networks, and interactions with soil environmental factors in five different ages (the including control group) during 14 years of reclamation in eco-fragile mines. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of soil fungi after 14 years of reclamation were close to, but still lower than, those in the undisturbed control area, but the dominant phylum was Ascomycota. Soil nitrate-N, C/N ratio, pH, and water content significantly affected the fungal community with increasing reclamation ages. Moreover, we found that Mortierellomycota, despite its high relative abundance, had little significant connectivity with other species in the molecular ecological network. Fungal molecular ecological networks evolve with increasing ages of reclamation, with larger modules, more positive connections, and tighter networks, forming large modules of more than 60 nodes by age 9. The large modules were composed mainly of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, which can form mycorrhiza with plant roots, and are not only capable of degrading pollution but are also “encouraged” by most (more than 64%) physicochemical factors in the soil environment. The results can provide a basis for scientific mine ecological restoration, especially for eco-fragile regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuning Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiu Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiu Huang,
| | - Haochen Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- School of Public Policy and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xunzheng Rao
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
- Macau Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Park KH, Oh SY, Yoo S, Park MS, Fong JJ, Lim YW. Successional Change of the Fungal Microbiome Pine Seedling Roots Inoculated With Tricholoma matsutake. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:574146. [PMID: 33101248 PMCID: PMC7545793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.574146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake; Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that produces a commercially valuable, edible mushrooms. Attempts to artificially cultivate T. matsutake has so far been unsuccessful. One method used to induce T. matsutake to produce fruiting bodies of in the wild is shiro (mycelial aggregations of T. matsutake) transplantation. In vitro ectomycorrhization of T. matsutake with seedlings of Pinus densiflora has been successful, but field trials showed limited production of fruiting bodies. Few studies have been done to test what happens after transplantation in the wild, whether T. matsutake persists on the pine seedling roots or gets replaced by other fungi. Here, we investigated the composition and the interaction of the root fungal microbiome of P. densiflora seedlings inoculated with T. matsutake over a 3 year period after field transplantation, using high-throughput sequencing. We found a decline of T. matsutake colonization on pine roots and succession of mycorrhizal fungi as P. densiflora seedlings grew. Early on, roots were colonized by fast-growing, saprotrophic Ascomycota, then later replaced by early stage ectomycorrhiza such as Wilcoxina. At the end, more competitive Suillus species dominated the host roots. Most of the major OTUs had negative or neutral correlation with T. matsutake, but several saprotrophic/plant pathogenic/mycoparasitic species in genera Fusarium, Oidiodendron, and Trichoderma had positive correlation with T. matsutake. Four keystone species were identified during succession; two species (Fusarium oxysporum, and F. trincintum) had a positive correlation with T. matsutake, while the other two had a negative correlation (Suillus granulatus, Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum). These findings have important implications for further studies on the artificial cultivation of T. matsutake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyeong Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yoon Oh
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Shinnam Yoo
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Young Woon Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Sun S, Sun H, Zhang D, Zhang J, Cai Z, Qin G, Song Y. Response of Soil Microbes to Vegetation Restoration in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas at Huaibei Coal Mine, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101757. [PMID: 31108967 PMCID: PMC6572236 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vegetation restoration is an available way to ameliorate degraded lands. In order to study the response of soil microbes to vegetation restoration in coal mining subsidence areas, the composition and distribution of soil microbes were discussed through three plots: unsubsided area (CA), new subsided area (NSA), and old subsided area (OSA) with different vegetation restoration time in Huabei coal mine. Meanwhile, changes in soil catalase and urease activity were explored and the correlation between soil bacteria, fungi, and environmental factors was analysed. The results demonstrated that Nitrospira was the dominant bacteria in all areas sampled. Microorganisms in the 0–20 cm and 40–60 cm soil layers of OSA had the highest Simpson index, whereas the index in NSA was lowest (at all soil depths). The catalase activity in NSA was significantly higher than that in CA, and there was no significant difference in catalase activity with soil depth, while the urease activity declined gradually with increasing soil depth. The urease activity in the 20–60 cm soil layer of NSA and OSA was significantly higher than that of CA. Furthermore, the distribution of bacteria was mainly affected by soil organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, whereas pH and catalase activity mainly affected fungal distribution. These results implied that soil catalase activity in NSA and urease activity in the 20–40 cm soil layer of NSA and OSA were significantly enhanced after vegetation restoration, and that long-term plant restoration could improve soil fertility and soil microbial community diversity in coal mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Sun
- Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
| | - Hui Sun
- Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
- Institute of Timber Forests and Bamboos, Anhui Academy of Forestry Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Deshun Zhang
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
| | - Zeyu Cai
- Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
| | - Guanghua Qin
- Institute of Forest Breeding & Cultivation, Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Yumin Song
- Institute of Forest Breeding & Cultivation, Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, China.
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Pereira ACF, Fonseca FSA, Mota GR, Fernandes AKC, Fagundes M, Reis-Júnior R, Faria ML. Ecological interactions shape the dynamics of seed predation in Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae). PLoS One 2014; 9:e98026. [PMID: 24875386 PMCID: PMC4038509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The complex network of direct and indirect relationships determines not only the species abundances but also the community characteristics such as diversity and stability. In this context, seed predation is a direct interaction that affects the reproductive success of the plant. For Acrocomia aculeata, the seed predation by Pachymerus cardo and Speciomerus revoili in post-dispersal may destroy more than 70% of the propagules and is influenced by the herbivory of the fruits during pre-dispersal. Fruits of plants with a higher level of herbivory during pre-dispersal are less attacked by predators in post-dispersal. We proposed a hypothesis that describes this interaction as an indirect defense mediated by fungi in a multitrophic interaction. As explanations, we proposed the predictions: i) injuries caused by herbivores in the fruits of A. aculeata favor fungal colonization and ii) the colonization of A. acuelata fruit by decomposing fungi reduces the selection of the egg-laying site by predator. Methodology/Principal Findings For prediction (i), differences in the fungal colonization in fruits with an intact or damaged epicarp were evaluated in fruits exposed in the field. For prediction (ii), we performed fruit observations in the field to determine the number of eggs of P. cardo and/or S. revoili per fruit and the amount of fungal colonization in the fruits. In another experiment, in the laboratory, we use P. cardo females in a triple-choice protocol. Each insect to choose one of the three options: healthy fruits, fruits with fungus, or an empty pot. The proposed hypothesis was corroborated. Fruits with injuries in the epicarp had a higher fungal colonization, and fruits colonized by fungi were less attractive for egg-laying by seed predators. Conclusion/Significance This study emphasizes the importance of exploring the networks of interactions between multitrophic systems to understand the dynamics and maintenance of natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anielle C. F. Pereira
- Department of General Biology, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Francine S. A. Fonseca
- Chemical Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gleicielle R. Mota
- Department of General Biology, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ane K. C. Fernandes
- Department of General Biology, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcílio Fagundes
- Department of General Biology, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Reis-Júnior
- Department of General Biology, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maurício L. Faria
- Department of General Biology, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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