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Bookstein A, Po J, Tseng C, Larson TV, Yang J, Park SSL, Wu J, Shariff-Marco S, Inamdar PP, Ihenacho U, Setiawan VW, DeRouen MC, Le Marchand L, Stram DO, Samet J, Ritz B, Fruin S, Wu AH, Cheng I. Association between Airport Ultrafine Particles and Lung Cancer Risk: The Multiethnic Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:703-711. [PMID: 38372643 PMCID: PMC11062824 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrafine particles (UFP) are unregulated air pollutants abundant in aviation exhaust. Emerging evidence suggests that UFPs may impact lung health due to their high surface area-to-mass ratio and deep penetration into airways. This study aimed to assess long-term exposure to airport-related UFPs and lung cancer incidence in a multiethnic population in Los Angeles County. METHODS Within the California Multiethnic Cohort, we examined the association between long-term exposure to airport-related UFPs and lung cancer incidence. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the effect of UFP exposure on lung cancer incidence. Subgroup analyses by demographics, histology and smoking status were conducted. RESULTS Airport-related UFP exposure was not associated with lung cancer risk [per one IGR HR, 1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97-1.05] overall and across race/ethnicity. A suggestive positive association was observed between a one IQR increase in UFP exposure and lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) risk (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00-1.17) with a Phet for histology = 0.05. Positive associations were observed in 5-year lag analysis for SCC (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, CI, 1.02-1.22) and large cell carcinoma risk (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01-1.49) with a Phet for histology = 0.01. CONCLUSIONS This large prospective cohort analysis suggests a potential association between airport-related UFP exposure and specific lung histologies. The findings align with research indicating that UFPs found in aviation exhaust may induce inflammatory and oxidative injury leading to SCC. IMPACT These results highlight the potential role of airport-related UFP exposure in the development of lung SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Bookstein
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Justine Po
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chiuchen Tseng
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Timothy V. Larson
- Departments of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sung-shim L. Park
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Salma Shariff-Marco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Pushkar P. Inamdar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ugonna Ihenacho
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Veronica W. Setiawan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mindy C. DeRouen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jonathan Samet
- Departments of Epidemiology and of Environmental & Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Scott Fruin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Subica AM, Soakai L, Tukumoeatu A, Johnson T, Aitaoto N. Trauma and mental health in Pacific Islanders. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024:207640241236109. [PMID: 38491441 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241236109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about trauma and its mental health impact on Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NH/PI), an understudied Indigenous-colonized population that endures severe mental health disparities. AIMS This novel investigation assessed trauma prevalence and its mental health and substance use correlates in NH/PIs in the U.S. METHOD Using community-based participatory research methods, survey data on NH/PI trauma, depression, anxiety, substance use, and treatment need were collected from 306 NH/PI adults using online, telephone, and in-person methods. Descriptive statistics and adjusted regression models were employed. RESULTS Sixty-nine percent of participants experienced lifetime trauma, reporting mean exposure to 2.5 different trauma types. Childhood physical and sexual abuse, and lifetime forced sexual assault rates were 34%, 25%, and 27%, respectively, exceeding general population rates. Women and men reported equivalent total mean exposure to different trauma types, as well as equal prevalence for every trauma type examined (e.g. sexual abuse/assault). Confirming hypotheses, after controlling for key demographic and mental health risk factors, increased exposure to multiple trauma types uniquely associated with greater depression, anxiety, alcohol symptomology, and greater likelihood for needing treatment and using illicit substances. CONCLUSIONS Trauma is prevalent in NH/PI populations and significantly impacts NH/PI mental health; serving as an important but overlooked contributor to NH/PI mental health disparities. Current findings fill critical gaps in our knowledge of NH/PI trauma and mental health while revealing the importance of screening and treating NH/PIs for trauma exposure to alleviate existing mental health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Subica
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Lolofi Soakai
- Motivating Action Leadership Opportunity, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Amen Tukumoeatu
- Empowering Pacific Islander Communities, Inc., Portland, OR, USA
| | - Taffy Johnson
- United Territories of Pacific Islanders Alliance, Kent, WA, USA
| | - Nia Aitaoto
- United Territories of Pacific Islanders Alliance, Kent, WA, USA
- Pacific Islander Center of Primary Care Excellence, San Leandro, CA, USA
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Pravosud V, Holmes LM, Lempert LK, Ling PM. Impacts of Tax and Flavor Tobacco Policies on San Francisco Bay Area Tobacco Prices. EVALUATION REVIEW 2023; 47:763-785. [PMID: 36943027 PMCID: PMC10542911 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x231164908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
California Proposition 56 increased the state tobacco tax by $2 per cigarette pack effective April 1, 2017. Between 2015-2020 San Francisco (SF) and some cities in Alameda County enacted local flavored tobacco sales restrictions. SF also increased its Cigarette Litter Abatement Fee, from $0.20/pack in 2015 to $1.00 in 2020. Compare the change in tobacco prices before (2015) and after (2019/20) the implementation of a $2 increase in tobacco excise tax and local flavored tobacco policies in SF and Alameda Counties. Descriptive study of the pre-to-post policy analysis design. We drew a proportional random sample of retailers (N=463) in SF and Alameda Counties, by city. Using multivariable, single- and multiple-level linear regressions, we compared inflation-adjusted average tobacco prices in 2015 vs. 2019/20 by county and by flavor policy, accounting for socio-demographics. Change in inflation-adjusted average tobacco prices in 2015 vs. 2019/20 by county and flavor policy, accounting for socio-demographics. Between 2015-2019/20, the increase in cigarette prices was higher than the $2 tax increase, and higher in SF than Alameda County (+$4.6 vs +$2.5). SF retailers stopped selling Newport menthol cigarettes and Blu brand menthol e-cigarettes in 2019/20. Adjusted average cigarette prices increased significantly more in SF and Alameda County cities with comprehensive or partial flavor policies versus cities without flavor policies (by $3.23 and $2.11). Local flavor policies affected menthol product availability and may have had positive spillover effects and indirectly increased pack prices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vira Pravosud
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Louisa M. Holmes
- The Pennsylvania State University, Departments of Geography and Demography, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Lauren K. Lempert
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pamela M. Ling
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Lim E, Davis J, Prabhudesai D, Taira D. Inventory of Survey Databases for Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino Health Disparities Research. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL WELFARE 2023; 82:104-110. [PMID: 37901663 PMCID: PMC10612417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this scoping review was to assist researchers who want to use survey data, either in academic or community settings, to identify and comprehend health disparities affecting Native Hawaiian (NH), Pacific Islander (PI), and/or Filipino populations, as these are groups with known and numerous health disparities. The scoping review methodology was used to identify survey datasets that disaggregate data for NH, PI, or Filipinos. Healthdata.gov was searched, as there is not an official index of databases. The website was established by the United States (US) Department and Health and Human Services to increase accessibility of health data for entrepreneurs, researchers, and policy makers, with the ultimate goal of improving health outcomes. Using the search term 'survey,' 332 datasets were retrieved, many of which were duplicates from different years. Datasets were included that met the following criteria: (1) related to health; (2) disaggregated NH, PI, and/or Filipino subgroups; (3) administered in the US; (4) publicly available; (5) individual-level data; (6) self-reported information; and (7) contained data from 2010 or later. Fifteen survey datasets met the inclusion criteria. Two additional survey datasets were identified by colleagues. For each dataset, the dataset name, data source, years of the data availability, availability of disaggregated NH, PI, and/or Filipino data, data on health outcomes and social determinants of health, and website information were documented. This inventory of datasets should be of use to researchers who want to advance understanding of health disparities experienced by NH, PI, and Filipino populations in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjung Lim
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI (EL, JD, DP)
| | - James Davis
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI (EL, JD, DP)
| | - Devashri Prabhudesai
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI (EL, JD, DP)
- Statistics Consulting Lab, Health Sciences & BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (DP)
| | - Deborah Taira
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, Hilo, HI (DT)
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Subica AM, Guerrero EG, Martin TKK, Okamoto SK, Aitaoto N, Moss HB, Morey BN, Wu LT. Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander alcohol, tobacco and other drug use, mental health and treatment need in the United States during COVID-19. Drug Alcohol Rev 2022; 41:1653-1663. [PMID: 35953887 PMCID: PMC9539247 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Before COVID-19, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders (NH/PI) endured a heavy burden of alcohol, tobacco and other drug (ATOD) use in prior US data. Responding to reports that many NH/PI communities experienced severe COVID-19 disparities that could exacerbate their ATOD burden, we partnered with NH/PI communities to assess the substance use patterns and treatment needs of diverse NH/PIs during COVID-19. METHODS Collaborating with NH/PI community organisations across five states with large NH/PI populations, we conducted a large-scale investigation of NH/PI ATOD use, mental health and treatment need during COVID-19. Between April and November 2021, NH/PI-heritage research staff from our community partners collected data involving 306 NH/PI adults using several community-based recruitment methods (e-mail, telephone, in-person) and two survey approaches: online and paper-and-pencil. Multivariate regressions were conducted to examine potential predictors of NH/PI alcohol use disorder and need for behavioural health treatment. RESULTS During COVID-19, 47% and 22% of NH/PI adults reported current alcohol and cigarette use, while 35% reported lifetime illicit substance use (e.g., cannabis, opioid). Depression and anxiety were high, and alcohol use disorder, major depression and generalised anxiety disorder prevalence were 27%, 27% and 19%, respectively. One-third of participants reported past-year treatment need with lifetime illicit substance use, COVID-19 distress and major depression respectively associating with 3.0, 1.2, and 5.3 times greater adjusted odds for needing treatment. CONCLUSIONS NH/PI adults reported heavy ATOD use, depression, anxiety and treatment need during COVID-19. Targeted research and treatment services may be warranted to mitigate COVID-19's negative behavioural health impact on NH/PI communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Subica
- Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Erick G. Guerrero
- Research to End Healthcare Disparities Corp, I-Lead Institute, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Scott K. Okamoto
- School of Social Work, Hawai‘i Pacific University, Honolulu, USA
| | - Nia Aitaoto
- Pacific Islander Center of Primary Care Excellence, Oakland, USA
| | - Howard B. Moss
- Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Brittany N. Morey
- Department of Health, Society, and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Li-Tzy Wu
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, USA
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6
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Ra CK, Pehlivan N, Kim H, Sussman S, Unger JB, Businelle MS. Smoking prevalence among Asian Americans: Associations with education, acculturation, and gender. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102035. [PMID: 36531113 PMCID: PMC9747624 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that smoking prevalence rates are related to acculturation, education, and gender among Asian Americans. However, no studies have examined how smoking rates among Asian Americans vary based on acculturation, education, and gender together. This study used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data (2010-2018) to examine cigarette smoking prevalence among Asian American men and women aged 18 and older (N = 14,680). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between educational attainment (i.e., college graduate or higher vs some college or lower), years spent in the United States (U.S.) as a proxy for acculturation (i.e., less than 10 years (less acculturated) vs 10 years or more (more acculturated) vs U.S.-born), and cigarette smoking prevalence across gender controlling for age, marital status, poverty (at/above vs below poverty threshold), country of origin (Chinese vs Filipino vs Asian Indian vs Other Asian), and the survey year. Current smoking prevalence was 9.0 % among all Asian Americans - 5.0 % among women and 13.5 % among men. Among respective gender-specific subgroups, U.S.-born Asian women without a college degree and more acculturated Asian immigrant men without a college degree had the highest odds of smoking (OR: 4.096 [95 % CI: 2.638, 6.360] and 1.462 [95 % CI: 1.197, 1.774], respectively). Findings indicated that less educated U.S.-born Asian women and less educated Asian immigrant men are at greatest risk for smoking. Smoking prevalence among Asian Americans is highly related to acculturation, education, and gender. Findings may inform development of policies and programs that are targeted toward smoking cessation among Asian Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaelin K. Ra
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Division of Medical Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, NJ, United States,TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States,Corresponding author
| | - Nazife Pehlivan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Steve Sussman
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer B. Unger
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, United States
| | - Michael S. Businelle
- TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States,Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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7
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Narcisse MR, Shah SK, Felix HC, Dobbs PD, McElfish PA. Association of psychological distress and current cigarette smoking among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander adults and compared to adults from other racial/ethnic groups: Data from the National Health Interview Survey, 2014. Prev Med Rep 2022; 25:101660. [PMID: 34950562 PMCID: PMC8671122 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide. Research has documented an association between psychological distress and smoking among certain racial/ethnic groups but has not examined this association among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) adults. Data from the 2014 general and the NHPI-specific National Health Interview Surveys were analyzed at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Regional Campus (Fayetteville, AR) in April 2021 to determine the association between current cigarette smoking and levels of psychological distress among NHPI adults and to assess the difference in the magnitude of that association among NHPI adults compared to adults of other racial/ethnic groups in the United States. The final analytic sample (n = 34,782) included 1,916 NHPI, 20,430 White, 4,725 Black, 2,001 Asian, and 5,710 Hispanic adults. A significant association between current cigarette smoking and psychological distress levels was found among NHPI adults as well as among adults from other racial/ethnic groups. There was no significant difference in the magnitude of the detected association among NHPI adults compared to the magnitude of the same association detected among adults of other racial/ethnic groups. However, this finding indicates race/ethnicity does not moderate the association between psychological distress and current cigarette smoking. Future studies should explore factors that may further explain the variation in current cigarette smoking within and across all racial/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Rachelle Narcisse
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, College of Medicine, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA
| | - Sumit K. Shah
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Office of Community Health and Research, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA
| | - Holly C. Felix
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, 4301 W. Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Page D. Dobbs
- University of Arkansas, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, 751 W. Maple St., Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Pearl A. McElfish
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, College of Medicine, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA
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DeRouen MC, Canchola AJ, Thompson CA, Jin A, Nie S, Wong C, Lichtensztajn D, Allen L, Patel MI, Daida YG, Luft HS, Shariff-Marco S, Reynolds P, Wakelee HA, Liang SY, Waitzfelder BE, Cheng I, Gomez SL. Incidence of Lung Cancer Among Never-Smoking Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Females. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:78-86. [PMID: 34345919 PMCID: PMC8755498 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lung cancer incidence rates according to smoking status, sex, and detailed race/ethnicity have not been available, it is estimated that more than half of Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) females with lung cancer have never smoked. METHODS We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates for lung cancer according to smoking status and detailed race/ethnicity among females, focusing on AANHPI ethnic groups, and assessed relative incidence across racial/ethnic groups. We used a large-scale dataset that integrates data from electronic health records from 2 large health-care systems-Sutter Health in Northern California and Kaiser Permanente Hawai'i-linked to state cancer registries for incident lung cancer diagnoses between 2000 and 2013. The study population included 1 222 694 females (n = 244 147 AANHPI), 3297 of which were diagnosed with lung cancer (n = 535 AANHPI). RESULTS Incidence of lung cancer among never-smoking AANHPI as an aggregate group was 17.1 per 100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14.9 to 19.4) but varied widely across ethnic groups. Never-smoking Chinese American females had the highest rate (22.8 per 100 000, 95% CI = 17.3 to 29.1). Except for Japanese American females, incidence among every never-smoking AANHPI female ethnic group was higher than that of never-smoking non-Hispanic White females, from 66% greater among Native Hawaiian females (incidence rate ratio = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.56) to more than 100% greater among Chinese American females (incidence rate ratio = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.67 to 3.02). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed high rates of lung cancer among most never-smoking AANHPI female ethnic groups. Our approach illustrates the use of innovative data integration to dispel the myth that AANHPI females are at overall reduced risk of lung cancer and demonstrates the need to disaggregate this highly diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy C DeRouen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alison J Canchola
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caroline A Thompson
- San Diego State University School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anqi Jin
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sixiang Nie
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Carmen Wong
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Daphne Lichtensztajn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Yihe G Daida
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Harold S Luft
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Salma Shariff-Marco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peggy Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heather A Wakelee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Su-Ying Liang
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Beth E Waitzfelder
- Kaiser Permanente Hawai’i Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
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9
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Phillips KT, Okamoto SK, Johnson DL, Rosario MH, Manglallan KS, Pokhrel P. Correlates of tobacco use among Asian and Pacific Islander youth and young adults in the U.S.: A systematic review of the literature. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2021; 29:440-455. [PMID: 34636585 PMCID: PMC8516062 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rates of tobacco product use, including the use of combustible and electronic cigarettes, remain high in youth and young adults within the U.S. Though a substantial body of work has examined risk factors associated with initiation and ongoing use of tobacco products, research on tobacco use and associated correlates among Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs) has been more limited despite high rates in select API subgroups. This systematic review outlines recent research (2010-2020) on the correlates of tobacco use in APIs aged 9-29. To better understand determinants of tobacco use and identify gaps in the literature, we framed correlates based on the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) multidimensional research framework. Database and author-focused searches were conducted, followed by article abstract and full-text reviews, much of which were guided by a discrete set of inclusionary and exclusionary criteria related to tobacco use and youth/young adults. A total of 24 articles were included in this review. The majority of articles focused on individual-level correlates, with a high number of studies demonstrating association between behavioral and sociocultural factors and tobacco product use behavior. Interpersonal factors also made up a substantial portion of the literature, commonly focusing on peer, family, and social norms. Gaps related to the NIMHD model are addressed. Future research should examine biological and community/societal factors associated with API smoking to better understand unique correlates in this population and to inform tobacco prevention and intervention approaches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott K. Okamoto
- School of Social Work, Hawai’i Pacific University,Cancer Prevention in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai’i Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | - Pallav Pokhrel
- Cancer Prevention in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai’i Cancer Center
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Yerger
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA .,African American Tobacco Control Leadership Council, San Francisco, California, USA
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11
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Medina HN, Callahan KE, Morris CR, Thompson CA, Siweya A, Pinheiro PS. Cancer Mortality Disparities among Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander Populations in California. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1387-1396. [PMID: 33879454 PMCID: PMC8254771 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (AANHPI) are the fastest growing minority in the United States. Cancer is the leading cause of death for AANHPIs, despite relatively lower cancer morbidity and mortality. Their recent demographic growth facilitates a detailed identification of AANHPI populations with higher cancer risk. METHODS Age-adjusted, sex-stratified, site-specific cancer mortality rates from California for 2012 to 2017 were computed for AANHPI groups: Chinese, Filipino, South Asian, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, Southeast Asian (i.e., Cambodian, Hmong, Laotian, Thai), and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI). Regression-derived mortality rate ratios (MRR) were used to compare each AANHPI group to non-Hispanic whites (NHW). RESULTS AANHPI men and women (total 40,740 deaths) had lower all-sites-combined cancer mortality rates (128.3 and 92.4 per 100,000, respectively) than NHWs (185.3 and 140.6) but higher mortality for nasopharynx, stomach, and liver cancers. Among AANHPIs, both NHOPIs and Southeast Asians had the highest overall rates including for colorectal, lung (men only), and cervical cancers; South Asians had the lowest. NHOPI women had 41% higher overall mortality than NHWs (MRR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25-1.58), including for breast (MRR = 1.33; 95% CI, 1.08-1.65) and markedly higher for endometrial cancer (MRR = 3.34; 95% CI, 2.53-4.42). CONCLUSIONS AANHPI populations present with considerable heterogeneous cancer mortality patterns. Heightened mortality for infection, obesity, and tobacco-related cancers in Southeast Asians and NHOPI populations highlight the need for differentiated priorities and public health interventions among specific AANHPI populations. IMPACT Not all AANHPIs have favorable cancer profiles. It is imperative to expand the focus on the currently understudied populations that bear a disproportionate cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy N Medina
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Karen E Callahan
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Cyllene R Morris
- California Cancer Reporting and Epidemiologic Surveillance Program, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center/UC Davis Health, Davis, California
| | - Caroline A Thompson
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Adugna Siweya
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Paulo S Pinheiro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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12
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Rao M, Bar L, Yu Y, Srinivasan M, Mukherjea A, Li J, Chung S, Venkatraman S, Dan S, Palaniappan L. Disaggregating Asian American Cigarette and Alternative Tobacco Product Use: Results from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2006-2018. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 9:856-864. [PMID: 33909281 PMCID: PMC8080866 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Asian Americans suffer high rates of smoking and tobacco-related deaths, varying by ethnic group. Trends of cigarette and alternative tobacco product use among Asian Americans, specifically considering ethnic group, sex, and nativity, are infrequently reported. Methods Using National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 2006–2018 and the 2016–2018 alternative tobacco supplement (e-cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, pipes), we explored cigarette and alternative tobacco product use by Asian ethnic group (Asian Indian (n = 4373), Chinese (n = 4736), Filipino (n = 4912)) in comparison to non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs (n = 275,025)), adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results Among 289,046 adults, 12% of Filipinos were current smokers, twice the prevalence in Asian Indians and Chinese (p < 0.001). The male–female gender difference was fivefold for Chinese (10.3% vs. 2.2%; p < 0.001), eightfold for Asian Indians (8.7% vs. 1.1%; p < 0.001), and twofold for Filipinos (16.8% vs. 9.0%). Moreover, 16.3% of US-born and 10.3% of foreign-born Filipinos were current smokers. Odds of ever using e-cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and pipes in comparison to NHWs were lowest for Chinese (ORs 0.6, 0.5, 0.2, and 0.5). Discussion Filipinos had the highest current smoking rates of Asian ethnic groups. Though more Asian men were current smokers, the high rate of current smoking among Filipinas is concerning. More US-born Filipinos were current smokers than foreign-born, despite rates typically decreasing for US-born Asians. Investigating cultural factors contributing to less frequent use of tobacco products, such as alternative tobacco products among Chinese, may aid campaigns in curbing tobacco usage. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40615-021-01024-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaeha Rao
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Hyde Park, IL, USA
| | - Lilly Bar
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA.
| | - Yunnan Yu
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,School of Computing and Information, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arnab Mukherjea
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Center for Health Systems Research, Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Sutter Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sukyung Chung
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Quantitative Sciences Unit, Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Siddharth Venkatraman
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shozen Dan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Environmental and Information Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Latha Palaniappan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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13
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Denlinger-Apte RL, Kotlyar M, Koopmeiners JS, Tidey JW, Luo X, Benowitz NL, Jensen JA, Ikuemonisan JO, Pacek LR, Smith TT, Vandrey R, Donny EC, Hatsukami DK. Effects of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes on Smoking Behavior and Biomarkers of Exposure in Menthol and Non-menthol Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 21:S63-S72. [PMID: 31867637 PMCID: PMC6939781 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Because 30% of cigarettes sold in the United States are characterized as menthol cigarettes, it is important to understand how menthol preference may affect the impact of a nicotine reduction policy. METHODS In a recent trial, non-treatment-seeking smokers were randomly assigned to receive very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNC; 0.4 mg nicotine/g tobacco) or normal nicotine cigarettes (NNC; 15.5 mg/g) for 20 weeks. On the basis of preference, participants received menthol or non-menthol cigarettes. We conducted multivariable regression analyses to examine whether menthol preference moderated the effects of nicotine content on cigarettes per day (CPD), breath carbon monoxide (CO), urinary total nicotine equivalents (TNE), urinary 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid (CEMA), and abstinence. RESULTS At baseline, menthol smokers (n = 346) reported smoking fewer CPD (14.9 vs. 19.2) and had lower TNE (52.8 vs. 71.6 nmol/mg) and CO (17.7 vs. 20.5 ppm) levels than non-menthol smokers (n = 406; ps < .05). At week 20, significant interactions indicated that menthol smokers had smaller treatment effects than non-menthol smokers for CPD (-6.4 vs. -9.3), TNE (ratio of geometric means, 0.22 vs. 0.10) and CEMA (ratio, 0.56 vs. 0.37; ps < .05), and trended toward a smaller treatment effect for CO (-4.5 vs. -7.3 ppm; p = .06). Odds ratios for abstinence at week 20 were 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.8 to 4.4) for menthol and 9.11 (95% CI = 3.3 to 25.2) for non-menthol VLNC smokers (p = .02) relative to the NNC condition. CONCLUSIONS Although menthol smokers experienced reductions in smoking, toxicant exposure, and increases in quitting when using VLNC cigarettes, the magnitude of change was smaller than that observed for non-menthol smokers. IMPLICATIONS Results of this analysis suggest that smokers of menthol cigarettes may respond to a nicotine reduction policy with smaller reductions in smoking rates and toxicant exposure than would smokers of non-menthol cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Denlinger-Apte
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Michael Kotlyar
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Joseph S Koopmeiners
- Masonic Cancer Center and Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jennifer W Tidey
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | - Xianghua Luo
- Masonic Cancer Center and Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Neal L Benowitz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Joni A Jensen
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Joshua O Ikuemonisan
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lauren R Pacek
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Tracy T Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Ryan Vandrey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eric C Donny
- Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Dorothy K Hatsukami
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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14
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Toleran DE, Battle RS, Gardiner P. Differences in Tobacco Use Among a Sample of At-Risk Chinese, Filipino, and Vietnamese Adult Men Living in the SF Bay Area. Tob Use Insights 2019; 12:1179173X19867947. [PMID: 31447595 PMCID: PMC6691663 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x19867947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Smoking among Asian men has been studied, but differences in tobacco and cigarette use among US- and non-US-born Asian subgroups, especially those at risk for substance use or sexually transmitted diseases, has not been well-studied. Aims: To learn about the smoking of cigarettes or blunts among Asian ethnic groups, and whether place of birth, age, or primary language spoken at home is associated with smoking. Methods: Study participants were 125 adult (age > 18 years) Chinese, Filipino, or Vietnamese men living in San Francisco, Daly City, or San Jose, California, who self-reported substance use in the past 30 days. Information collected included sexual orientation, past year contact with the criminal justice system, place of birth, and primary language spoken at home. Bivariate analyses were used to compare the differences in self-reported smoking of cigarettes or tobacco-marijuana blunts by ethnicity, age, place of birth, and primary language spoken at home. Results: Filipinos had significantly higher rate of cigarette use (51%; P = .02) and smoking blunts (28%; P = .02) compared with Chinese (23% and 5%, respectively) or Vietnamese (34% and 17%, respectively); US-born Filipinos also had more days of cigarette use in the past 30 days (16 days; P = .05) compared with Chinese (8 days) or Vietnamese (6 days) participants. Conclusions: This study found differences in self-reported rates of cigarette and blunt use among Asian ethnic groups which suggest opportunities for targeted interventions. Future studies of tobacco or blunts use for these largely immigrant groups should take into account country of birth and language spoken at home in developing tobacco prevention services for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Toleran
- Asian American Recovery Services, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Phillip Gardiner
- Social and Behavioral Sciences/Neurosciences and Nicotine Dependence, Tobacco Related Disease Research Program, University of California, Oakland, CA, USA
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15
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Roods K, Jasek J, Farley SM. Recent Survey Findings on Smoking and Cessation Behaviors Among Asians in New York City. J Community Health 2019; 44:1141-1149. [PMID: 31278604 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-019-00695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has declined among New York City (NYC) adults since 2002, but research has shown that NYC tobacco control policies may be less impactful among Asian communities, particularly Chinese. In order to better target this subgroup, we explored smoking and cessation behaviors among Chinese-speaking Asian smokers compared with English-speaking Asian smokers and all other smokers. We used combined 2015-2016 data from the NYC Community Health Survey (CHS), an annual dual landline/cellphone survey of about 9000 adults to analyze smoker demographics, and 2010-2012 and 2016 CHS samples to compare quit attempts, advice, and aids used among Asian smokers who took the survey in Chinese, Asian smokers who took the survey in English and all other smokers at two points in time. We used multivariable logistic regression to compare outcomes between groups. In 2015-2016, English-speaking Asians (11.2%, p = .004) and all other adults (13.6%, p = .029) were less likely to be current smokers compared with Chinese-speaking Asians (16.9%). In 2010-2012 there was no difference in odds of current smoking by race/interview language, while in 2016 the odds of smoking among English-speaking Asians and all other respondents were 51% and 32% lower, respectively, than Chinese-speaking Asians. Odds of NRT use did not differ in 2010-2012 but in 2016 odds of NRT use among all other smokers were 2.63 times higher than among Chinese-speaking Asian smokers. Results indicate the need for tailored smoking cessation programs towards Chinese-speaking Asian smokers to encourage NRT use, reduce cigarette consumption, and decrease disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Roods
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 42-09 28th Street, WS 11-150, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA
| | - John Jasek
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 42-09 28th Street, WS 11-150, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA.
| | - Shannon M Farley
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 42-09 28th Street, WS 11-150, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA
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16
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Rainer MA, Xie B, Sabado-Liwag M, Kwan PP, Pike JR, Tan NS, Vaivao DES, Tui'one May V, Ka'ala Pang J, Pang VK, Toilolo TB, Tanjasiri SP, Palmer PH. Psychosocial characteristics of smoking patterns among young adult Samoans and Tongans in California. Addict Behav Rep 2019; 9:100177. [PMID: 31193768 PMCID: PMC6542745 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the high burden of tobacco-related diseases experienced by Samoans and Tongans, there is relatively little understanding of the factors that influence their smoking behaviors which could inform effective smoking cessation strategies. This study examined several psychosocial characteristics that intertwine to predict smoking patterns in these Pacific Islander subgroups. Methods Samoans and Tongans between the ages of 18 and 33, who consumed at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and were current smokers, were categorized as light, moderate, or heavy smokers. Baseline data from a randomized controlled smoking cessation trial were analyzed. Participants (n = 278) were measured on self-efficacy, perceived stress, sensation seeking, hostility, depression, and impulsivity. Least square means estimated from General Linear Models were used to compare psychosocial characteristics across smoking groups, as well as by gender and ethnicity. Results Samoan male heavy smokers reported higher levels of self-efficacy compared to light smokers, and greater stress, hostility, depression, and urgency over moderate smokers. Samoan female heavy smokers demonstrated greater stress and hostility than moderate and light smokers. Tongan female heavy and light smokers had significantly elevated levels of sensation seeking compared to moderate smokers. Tongan male smokers did not display any meaningful associations with these psychosocial constructs. Conclusions This study underscores the important distinctions between smoking patterns, gender, and ethnic subgroups. Interventions that rely on aggregated smoking profiles or general Pacific Islander data may not adequately address the complex array of mental health factors that contribute to tobacco use. Heavy smokers had greater levels of stress, hostility, depression, and urgency compared to light or moderate smoking Light smokers had the lowest level of self-efficacy Female moderate smokers had the lowest level of sensation seeking Male Tongan psychosocial characteristics did not vary across smoking patterns
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Rainer
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, United States of America
| | - Bin Xie
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, United States of America
| | - Melanie Sabado-Liwag
- California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Public Health, 5151 State University Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States of America
| | - Patchareeya P Kwan
- California State University, Northridge, Department of Health Sciences, Jacaranda Hall 2500, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330, United States of America
| | - James Russell Pike
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, United States of America
| | - Nasya S Tan
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, United States of America
| | - Dorothy Etimani S Vaivao
- Samoan National Nurses Association, 14112 S Kingsley Dr, Gardena, CA 90249, United States of America
| | - Vanessa Tui'one May
- Tongan Community Service Center, 13030 S Inglewood Ave #104, Hawthorne, CA 90250, United States of America
| | - Jane Ka'ala Pang
- Pacific Islander Health Partnership, 12912 Brookhurst St, Suite 410, Garden Grove, CA 92840, United States of America
| | - Victor Kaiwi Pang
- Pacific Islander Health Partnership, 12912 Brookhurst St, Suite 410, Garden Grove, CA 92840, United States of America
| | - Tupou Bo Toilolo
- Union of Pan Asian Communities, 1031 25th St, San Diego, CA 92102, United States of America
| | - Sora Park Tanjasiri
- California State University, Fullerton, Department of Public Health, 800 North State College, Room KHS-121, Fullerton, CA 92834, United States of America
| | - Paula Healani Palmer
- Claremont Graduate University, School of Community and Global Health, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, United States of America
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17
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Nguyen AB. Disaggregating Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (AANHOPI) Adult Tobacco Use: Findings from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, 2013-2014. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2019; 6:356-363. [PMID: 30610569 PMCID: PMC6434519 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-00532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco studies often combine data for Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (AANHOPI) subgroups, masking subgroup differences. This study describes tobacco use (ever use and past 30-day use) among some disaggregated AANHOPI subgroups. METHODS Data are from Wave 1 of the 2013-2014 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of civilian non-institutionalized adults and youth in the USA. The dataset contains a sample of 32,320 adults, of which 1623 identified as being of AANHOPI origin. Asian Americans further identified as being Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, or other Asian. Those who identified as Native Hawaiian, Guamanian or Chamarro, Samoan, and Other Pacific Islander were combined into an NHOPI group. Tobacco measures included ever and past 30-day use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars (traditional cigar, cigarillos, filtered cigar), hookah, and smokeless tobacco including snus pouches, and pipe tobacco. Unadjusted and adjusted estimates for tobacco use are reported by AANHOPI membership and sex. RESULTS In general, Asian Indians and Chinese had the lowest and NHOPI had the highest tobacco use prevalence compared to other AANHOPI subgroups. Males generally had higher prevalence compared to females. Prevalence varied by AANHOPI membership and tobacco product. Adjusted prevalence estimates were higher compared to unadjusted estimates for many subgroups, attenuating some unadjusted differences found between AANHOPI subgroups. DISCUSSION Tobacco use varies by AANHOPI subgroup and product type. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses can be conducted as tobacco use differences in AANHOPI subgroups may be attributed to socio-economic status differences. Treating these distinct subgroups as a monolithic group may contribute to reliance on tobacco prevention and control strategies that may have limited impact on specific subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh B Nguyen
- Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), Food and Drug Administration, Office of Science, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Building 71, Room G335, Silver Spring, MD, 20993-0002, USA.
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18
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DeRouen MC, Hu L, McKinley M, Gali K, Patel M, Clarke C, Wakelee H, Haile R, Gomez SL, Cheng I. Incidence of lung cancer histologic cell-types according to neighborhood factors: A population based study in California. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197146. [PMID: 29791458 PMCID: PMC5965814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between neighborhood factors (i.e., neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and ethnic enclave) and histologic subtypes of lung cancer for racial/ethnic groups, particularly Hispanics and Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs), are poorly understood. METHODS We conducted a population-based study of 75,631 Californians diagnosed with lung cancer from 2008 through2012. We report incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for lung cancer histologic cell-types by nSES among racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic (NH) Whites, NH Blacks, Hispanics and AAPIs) and according to Hispanic or Asian neighborhood ethnic enclave status among Hispanics and AAPIs, respectively. In addition, we examined incidence jointly by nSES and ethnic enclave. RESULTS Patterns of lung cancer incidence by nSES and ethnic enclave differed across race/ethnicity, sex, and histologic cell-type. For adenocarcinoma, Hispanic males and females, residing in both low nSES and high nSES neighborhoods that were low enclave, had higher incidence rates compared to those residing in low nSES, high enclave neighborhoods; males (IRR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.04-1.32] and IRR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.02-1.29], respectively) and females (IRR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.15-1.44] and IRR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.36-1.67], respectively). However, AAPI males residing in both low and high SES neighborhoods that were also low enclave had lower adenocarcinoma incidence. CONCLUSIONS Neighborhood factors differentially influence the incidence of lung cancer histologic cell-types with heterogeneity in these associations by race/ethnicity and sex. For Hispanic males and females and AAPI males, neighborhood ethnic enclave status is strongly associated with lung adenocarcinoma incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy C. DeRouen
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, Fremont, CA, United States of America
| | - Lauren Hu
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Meg McKinley
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, Fremont, CA, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Gali
- Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, United States of America
| | - Manali Patel
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
- Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Christina Clarke
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Heather Wakelee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert Haile
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Scarlett Lin Gomez
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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Marshall LL, Zhang L, Malarcher AM, Mann NH, King BA, Alexander RL. Race/Ethnic Variations in Quitline Use Among US Adult Tobacco Users in 45 States, 2011-2013. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 19:1473-1481. [PMID: 29121347 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction State quitlines provide free telephone-based cessation services and are available in all states. However, quitlines presently reach 1% of US cigarette smokers. We assessed variations in quitline reach by race/ethnicity across 45 US states included in the National Quitline Data Warehouse, a repository on non-identifiable data reported by state quitlines. Methods During 2011 to 2013, we analyzed 1 220 171 records from the National Quitline Data Warehouse. Annual quitline reach was defined as the proportion of cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users who utilized quitline services during each year, and was calculated by dividing the number of state-specific quitline registrants in each year by the number of adult cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users in the state. Results Average annual reach ranged from: 0.08% (Tennessee) to 3.42% (Hawaii) among non-Hispanic whites; 0.17% (Tennessee) to 3.85% (Delaware) among non-Hispanic blacks; 0.27% (Nevada) to 9.98% (Delaware) among non-Hispanic American Indians/Alaska Native; 0.03% (Alabama) to 2.43% (Hawaii) among non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islanders; and from 0.08% (Tennessee) to 3.18% (Maine) among Hispanics. Average annual reach was highest among non-Hispanic American Indians/Alaska Native in 27 states, non-Hispanic blacks in 14 states, and non-Hispanic whites in four states. Conclusions Quitlines appear to be reaching minority populations; however, overall reach remains low and variations in quitline reach exist by race/ethnicity. Opportunities exist to increase the utilization of quitlines and other effective cessation treatments among racial/ethnic minority populations. Implications Some studies have assessed quitline reach across demographic groups in individual states; however, no studies have provided multistate data about quitline reach across race/ethnic groups. Ongoing monitoring of the use of state quitlines can help guide targeted outreach to particular race/ethnic groups with the goal of increasing the overall proportion and number of tobacco users that use quitlines. These efforts should be complemented by comprehensive tobacco control initiatives that increase cessation including mass media campaigns, smoke-free policies, increased tobacco prices, expansion of health insurance coverage, and health systems change.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTisha L Marshall
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ann M Malarcher
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Brian A King
- Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Robert L Alexander
- Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Battelle Memorial Institute, Atlanta, GA
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Mukherjea A, Modayil MV, Tong EK. Moving toward a true depiction of tobacco behavior among Asian Indians in California: Prevalence and factors associated with cultural smokeless tobacco product use. Cancer 2018; 124 Suppl 7:1607-1613. [PMID: 29578599 PMCID: PMC5876718 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian Indians (AIs) in the United States exhibit disproportionate burdens of oral cancer and cardiovascular disease, which are potentially linked to smokeless tobacco. However, little is known about the use of cultural smokeless tobacco (CST) products in this population. METHODS California Asian Indian Tobacco Use Survey data from 2004 (n = 1618) were used to investigate CST prevalence among California's AIs. CST products included paan, paan masala, and gutka. A multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine factors (socioeconomic status, acculturation measures, and religious affiliation) associated with current CST use versus never use. RESULTS The current CST prevalence was 13.0% (14.0% for men and 11.8% for women). In contrast, the prevalence of current cigarette use was 5.5% (8.7% for men and 1.9% for women), and the prevalence was lower for cultural smoked tobacco (0.1% for bidis and 0.5% for hookahs). Factors associated with CST use included the following: being male, being 50 years old or older, being an immigrant, speaking an AI language at home, having a higher level of education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for high school/some college, 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-6.5; AOR for college degree or higher, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.7-9.5), having a higher income (AOR for $75,000-$100,000, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.7; AOR for ≥$100,000, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-5.0), identifying as non-Sikh (AOR for Hinduism, 10.0; 95% CI, 6.0-16.5; AOR for other faiths, 10.2; 95% CI, 5.9-17.7), and disagreeing that spiritual beliefs are the foundation of life (AOR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.5). CONCLUSIONS The current CST prevalence is relatively high among California's AIs in comparison with the prevalence of smoking, with narrower differences between sexes. The association with a higher socioeconomic status is contrary to typical cigarette smoking patterns. Acculturation and religious affiliation are important factors associated with current use. Health care providers and policymakers should consider such determinants for targeted interventions. Cancer 2018;124:1607-13. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Mukherjea
- Health Sciences Program; College of Science; California State University, East Bay (Hayward, CA, USA)
| | - Mary V. Modayil
- Primary Health Care; Alberta Health Services (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada)
| | - Elisa K. Tong
- Division of General Internal Medicine; University of California, Davis (Sacramento, CA, USA)
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Kwan P, Sabado-Liwag M, Lee C, Lepule J, Pang V, Pike J, Santos L, Tanjasiri S, Toilolo T, Tui One May V, Schmidt-Vaivao D, Palmer P. Development of an Online Smoking Cessation Curriculum for Pacific Islanders: A Community-Based Participatory Research Approach. Prog Community Health Partnersh 2017; 11:263-274. [PMID: 29056618 DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2017.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pacific Islanders (PIs) have one of the highest rates of cigarette use, but evidence-based smoking cessation programs designed specifically for PIs are practically nonexistent. OBJECTIVES This paper reports on the development of a culturally tailored smoking cessation curriculum designed specifically for young adult PIs using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach. This paper demonstrates the shared leadership and equal contribution of community and academic partnerships. METHODS Together community and academic partners conceptualized and developed a smoking cessation curriculum. Data from formative studies shaped the various components of the educational modules. RESULTS Eight educational modules were developed through CBPR. Information on the dangers of cigarettes, benefits to cessation, and ways to cope with cravings and stress through cognitive behavioral therapy were offered in both narrative and non-narrative formats. CONCLUSIONS Use of CBPR is critical in the development of the curriculum because it allowed for the sharing of ideas and knowledge between academics and community members.
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Hrywna M, Jane Lewis M, Mukherjea A, Banerjee SC, Steinberg MB, Delnevo CD. Awareness and Use of South Asian Tobacco Products Among South Asians in New Jersey. J Community Health 2016; 41:1122-1129. [PMID: 27256410 PMCID: PMC5083141 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
South Asians are the third largest Asian group in the US and among the fastest growing racial groups in New Jersey. Tobacco consumption among South Asians is characterized by several smoked and smokeless tobacco products indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. However, there is a paucity of research on tobacco use behaviors among South Asians in the US. The goal of this study was to examine the awareness and use of South Asian tobacco products such as bidis, gutkha, paan, paan masala, and zarda as well as other potentially carcinogenic products such as supari, their context of use, and their cultural significance among South Asians living in the US. Eight focus groups were conducted with South Asian adults living in Central New Jersey. Overall, participants were aware of a wide variety of foreign and American tobacco products with older South Asians identifying a greater variety of indigenous products compared to younger South Asians. Hookah was consistently recognized as popular among the younger generation while products such as paan or paan masala were more commonly identified with elders. Use of tobacco-related products such as paan and supari were described as common at social gatherings or after meals. In addition, light or social users of South Asian tobacco products, including products not consistently defined as tobacco, may not report tobacco use on a survey. Better understanding of the use of these products among South Asians and how some may classify tobacco usage can inform future research and public health interventions in these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Hrywna
- School of Public Health Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 335 George Street, Suite 2100, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - M Jane Lewis
- School of Public Health Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 335 George Street, Suite 2100, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Arnab Mukherjea
- Health Sciences Program, California State University, East Bay, 25800 Carlos Bee Boulevard, Hayward, CA, 94542, USA
| | - Smita C Banerjee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 641 Lexington Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Michael B Steinberg
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Clinical Academic Building (CAB), 125 Paterson Street, Suite 2304, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Cristine D Delnevo
- School of Public Health Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 335 George Street, Suite 2100, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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Pokhrel P, Fagan P, Cassel K, Trinidad DR, Kaholokula JK, Herzog TA. Social Network Characteristics, Social Support, and Cigarette Smoking among Asian/Pacific Islander Young Adults. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 57:353-65. [PMID: 27297612 PMCID: PMC4965804 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking may be one of the factors contributing to the high levels of cancer-related mortality experienced by certain Asian/Pacific Islander (A/PI) subgroups (e.g., Native Hawaiian). Given the collectivist cultural orientation attributed to A/PI groups, social strategies are recommended for substance abuse or smoking cessation treatment among A/PI. However, research examining how social network characteristics and social support relate to smoking across A/PI subgroups has been lacking. This study investigated the associations between social network characteristics (e.g., size, composition), perceived social support, and recent cigarette use across Native Hawaiian, Filipino, and East Asian (e.g., Japanese, Chinese) young adults (18-35 year old). Cross-sectional, self-report data were collected from N = 435 participants (M age = 25.6, SD = 8.3; 61% women). Ethnic differences were found in a number of pathways linking social network characteristics, perceived social support, and cigarette smoking. Larger network size was strongly associated with higher perceived social support and lower recent cigarette smoking among Native Hawaiians but not Filipinos or East Asians. Higher perceived social support was associated with lower recent smoking among East Asians and Filipinos but not Native Hawaiians. Implications are discussed with regard to smoking prevention and cessation among A/PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallav Pokhrel
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - Pebbles Fagan
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kevin Cassel
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dennis R Trinidad
- Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Keawe'aimoku Kaholokula
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Thaddeus A Herzog
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Pike JR, Xie B, Tan N, Sabado-Liwag MD, Orne A, Toilolo T, Cen S, May V, Lee C, Pang VK, Rainer MA, Vaivao DES, Lepule JT, Tanjasiri SP, Palmer PH. Developing an Internet- and Mobile-Based System to Measure Cigarette Use Among Pacific Islanders: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016; 4:e2. [PMID: 26743132 PMCID: PMC4722229 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.4437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent prevalence data indicates that Pacific Islanders living in the United States have disproportionately high smoking rates when compared to the general populace. However, little is known about the factors contributing to tobacco use in this at-risk population. Moreover, few studies have attempted to determine these factors utilizing technology-based assessment techniques. OBJECTIVE The objective was to develop a customized Internet-based Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) system capable of measuring cigarette use among Pacific Islanders in Southern California. This system integrated the ubiquity of text messaging, the ease of use associated with mobile phone apps, the enhanced functionality offered by Internet-based Cell phone-optimized Assessment Techniques (ICAT), and the high survey completion rates exhibited by EMA studies that used electronic diaries. These features were tested in a feasibility study designed to assess whether Pacific Islanders would respond to this method of measurement and whether the data gathered would lead to novel insights regarding the intrapersonal, social, and ecological factors associated with cigarette use. METHODS 20 young adult smokers in Southern California who self-identified as Pacific Islanders were recruited by 5 community-based organizations to take part in a 7-day EMA study. Participants selected six consecutive two-hour time blocks per day during which they would be willing to receive a text message linking them to an online survey formatted for Web-enabled mobile phones. Both automated reminders and community coaches were used to facilitate survey completion. RESULTS 720 surveys were completed from 840 survey time blocks, representing a completion rate of 86%. After adjusting for gender, age, and nicotine dependence, feeling happy (P=<.001) or wanting a cigarette while drinking alcohol (P=<.001) were positively associated with cigarette use. Being at home (P=.02) or being around people who are not smoking (P=.01) were negatively associated with cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS The results of the feasibility study indicate that customized systems can be used to conduct technology-based assessments of tobacco use among Pacific Islanders. Such systems can foster high levels of survey completion and may lead to novel insights for future research and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Russell Pike
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, United States.
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Kim SY, Shen Y, Hou Y, Tilton KE, Juang L, Wang Y. Annual Review of Asian American Psychology, 2014. ASIAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 6:291-332. [PMID: 26925199 PMCID: PMC4765738 DOI: 10.1037/aap0000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This 2014 review of Asian American psychology is the sixth review in the series. It includes 316 articles that met the inclusion criteria established by the past five annual reviews. Featured articles were derived from three sources: 137 were generated via the search term "Asian American" in PyscINFO, 111 were generated via a search for specific Asian American ethnic groups, and 32 were generated via author searches of articles that met the inclusion criteria. The top primary topic was health and health-related behaviors, the most frequently employed study design was cross-sectional, and the most studied Asian American ethnic group was Chinese. This year's review includes information on the target population of the primary topic, the age range and developmental period of participants, and whether the study design was cross-sectional or longitudinal. It also identifies top authors and journals contributing to the 2014 annual review. These new features reveal that the most common target population of the primary topic was youths; studies most commonly included emerging adults ages 18-25; cross-sectional study design was employed more often than longitudinal design; the top contributor to the 2014 review was Stephen Chen, who authored the highest number of papers included; and the Asian American Journal of Psychology generated the highest number of publications for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeong Kim
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, 108 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop A2702, Austin, TX 78712, , (512) 471-5524
| | - Yishan Shen
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, 108 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop A2702, Austin, TX 78712, , (512) 983-7551
| | - Yang Hou
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, 108 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop A2702, Austin, TX 78712, , (512) 660-2236
| | - Kelsey E Tilton
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, 108 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop A2702, Austin, TX 78712, , (512) 956-459-4212
| | - Linda Juang
- University of Potsdam, College of Human Sciences, Education, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany, +49 (0)172 1882255,
| | - Yijie Wang
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, 108 East Dean Keeton Street, Stop A2702, Austin, TX 78712, , (512) 289-8136
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Kuiper N, Zhang L, Lee J, Babb SD, Anderson CM, Shannon C, Welton M, Lew R, Zhu SH. A National Asian-Language Smokers' Quitline--United States, 2012-2014. Prev Chronic Dis 2015; 12:E99. [PMID: 26111159 PMCID: PMC4492217 DOI: 10.5888/pcd12.140584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Until recently, in-language telephone quitline services for smokers who speak Asian languages were available only in California. In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the national Asian Smokers’ Quitline (ASQ) to expand this service to all states. The objective of this study was to examine characteristics of ASQ callers, how they heard about the quitline, and their use of the service. Methods Characteristics of callers from August 2012 through July 2014 were examined by using descriptive statistics. We examined demographics, cigarette smoking status, time to first cigarette, how callers heard about the quitline, and service use (receipt of counseling and medication) by using ASQ intake and administrative data. We analyzed these data by language and state. Results In 2 years, 5,771 callers from 48 states completed intake; 31% were Chinese (Cantonese or Mandarin), 38% were Korean, and 31% were Vietnamese. More than 95% of all callers who used tobacco were current daily cigarette smokers at intake. About 87% of ASQ callers were male, 57% were aged 45 to 64 years, 48% were uninsured, and educational attainment varied. Most callers (54%) were referred by newspapers or magazines. Nearly all eligible callers (99%) received nicotine patches. About 85% of smokers enrolled in counseling; counseled smokers completed an average of 4 sessions. Conclusion ASQ reached Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese speakers nationwide. Callers were referred by the promotional avenues employed by ASQ, and most received services (medication, counseling, or both). State quitlines and local organizations should consider transferring callers and promoting ASQ to increase access to cessation services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kuiper
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS-F79, Atlanta, GA 30341.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joann Lee
- Asian Pacific Partners for Empowerment, Advocacy and Leadership (APPEAL), Oakland, California. Joann Lee was affiliated with the University of California, San Diego, during the writing of this article
| | - Stephen D Babb
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Curt Shannon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - MaryBeth Welton
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rod Lew
- Asian Pacific Partners for Empowerment, Advocacy and Leadership (APPEAL), Oakland, California
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