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Balboni N, Babini G, Poeta E, Protti M, Mercolini L, Magnifico MC, Barile SN, Massenzio F, Pignataro A, Giorgi FM, Lasorsa FM, Monti B. Transcriptional and metabolic effects of aspartate-glutamate carrier isoform 1 (AGC1) downregulation in mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:44. [PMID: 38553684 PMCID: PMC10979587 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aspartate-glutamate carrier isoform 1 (AGC1) is a carrier responsible for the export of mitochondrial aspartate in exchange for cytosolic glutamate and is part of the malate-aspartate shuttle, essential for the balance of reducing equivalents in the cells. In the brain, mutations in SLC25A12 gene, encoding for AGC1, cause an ultra-rare genetic disease, reported as a neurodevelopmental encephalopathy, whose symptoms include global hypomyelination, arrested psychomotor development, hypotonia and seizures. Among the biological components most affected by AGC1 deficiency are oligodendrocytes, glial cells responsible for myelination processes, and their precursors [oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs)]. The AGC1 silencing in an in vitro model of OPCs was documented to cause defects of proliferation and differentiation, mediated by alterations of histone acetylation/deacetylation. Disrupting AGC1 activity could possibly reduce the availability of acetyl groups, leading to perturbation of many biological pathways, such as histone modifications and fatty acids formation for myelin production. Here, we explore the transcriptome of mouse OPCs partially silenced for AGC1, reporting results of canonical analyses (differential expression) and pathway enrichment analyses, which highlight a disruption in fatty acids synthesis from both a regulatory and enzymatic stand. We further investigate the cellular effects of AGC1 deficiency through the identification of most affected transcriptional networks and altered alternative splicing. Transcriptional data were integrated with differential metabolite abundance analysis, showing downregulation of several amino acids, including glutamine and aspartate. Taken together, our results provide a molecular foundation for the effects of AGC1 deficiency in OPCs, highlighting the molecular mechanisms affected and providing a list of actionable targets to mitigate the effects of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Babini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Protti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Magnifico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Nicole Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Massenzio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Pignataro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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2
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Li Y, Li Z, Wang C, Yang M, He Z, Wang F, Zhang Y, Li R, Gong Y, Wang B, Fan B, Wang C, Chen L, Li H, Shi P, Wang N, Wei Z, Wang YL, Jin L, Du P, Dong J, Jiao J. Spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas reveals the regional specification of the developing human brain. Cell 2023; 186:5892-5909.e22. [PMID: 38091994 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Different functional regions of brain are fundamental for basic neurophysiological activities. However, the regional specification remains largely unexplored during human brain development. Here, by combining spatial transcriptomics (scStereo-seq) and scRNA-seq, we built a spatiotemporal developmental atlas of multiple human brain regions from 6-23 gestational weeks (GWs). We discovered that, around GW8, radial glia (RG) cells have displayed regional heterogeneity and specific spatial distribution. Interestingly, we found that the regional heterogeneity of RG subtypes contributed to the subsequent neuronal specification. Specifically, two diencephalon-specific subtypes gave rise to glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, whereas subtypes in ventral midbrain were associated with the dopaminergic neurons. Similar GABAergic neuronal subtypes were shared between neocortex and diencephalon. Additionally, we revealed that cell-cell interactions between oligodendrocyte precursor cells and GABAergic neurons influenced and promoted neuronal development coupled with regional specification. Altogether, this study provides comprehensive insights into the regional specification in the developing human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Changliang Wang
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China
| | - Min Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ziqing He
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China; Faculty of Health Sciences University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Feiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Rong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunxia Gong
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Binhong Wang
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Baoguang Fan
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 101100, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Six Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peifu Shi
- Annoroad Gene Technology, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Annoroad Gene Technology, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Annoroad Gene Technology, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Peng Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ji Dong
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510799, China.
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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3
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Susanto TT, Hung V, Levine AG, Kerr CH, Yoo Y, Chen Y, Oses-Prieto JA, Fromm L, Fujii K, Wernig M, Burlingame AL, Ruggero D, Barna M. RAPIDASH: A tag-free enrichment of ribosome-associated proteins reveals compositional dynamics in embryonic tissues and stimulated macrophages. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.07.570613. [PMID: 38106052 PMCID: PMC10723405 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.570613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomes are emerging as direct regulators of gene expression, with ribosome-associated proteins (RAPs) allowing ribosomes to modulate translational control. However, a lack of technologies to enrich RAPs across many sample types has prevented systematic analysis of RAP number, dynamics, and functions. Here, we have developed a label-free methodology called RAPIDASH to enrich ribosomes and RAPs from any sample. We applied RAPIDASH to mouse embryonic tissues and identified hundreds of potential RAPs, including DHX30 and LLPH, two forebrain RAPs important for neurodevelopment. We identified a critical role of LLPH in neural development that is linked to the translation of genes with long coding sequences. Finally, we characterized ribosome composition remodeling during immune activation and observed extensive changes post-stimulation. RAPIDASH has therefore enabled the discovery of RAPs ranging from those with neuroregulatory functions to those activated by immune stimuli, thereby providing critical insights into how ribosomes are remodeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodorus Theo Susanto
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Victoria Hung
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew G Levine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Craig H Kerr
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yongjin Yoo
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisa Fromm
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kotaro Fujii
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marius Wernig
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Barna
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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4
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Kastana P, Ntenekou D, Mourkogianni E, Enake MK, Xanthopoulos A, Choleva E, Marazioti A, Nikou S, Akwii RG, Papadaki E, Gramage E, Herradón G, Stathopoulos GT, Mikelis CM, Papadimitriou E. Genetic deletion or tyrosine phosphatase inhibition of PTPRZ1 activates c-Met to up-regulate angiogenesis and lung adenocarcinoma growth. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:1051-1066. [PMID: 37260355 PMCID: PMC10524925 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor zeta 1 (PTPRZ1) is a transmembrane tyrosine phosphatase (TP) expressed in endothelial cells and required for stimulation of cell migration by vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (VEGFA165 ) and pleiotrophin (PTN). It is also over or under-expressed in various tumor types. In this study, we used genetically engineered Ptprz1-/- and Ptprz1+/+ mice to study mechanistic aspects of PTPRZ1 involvement in angiogenesis and investigate its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth. Ptprz1-/- lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVEC) have increased angiogenic features compared with Ptprz1+/+ LMVEC, in line with the increased lung angiogenesis and the enhanced chemically induced LUAD growth in Ptprz1-/- compared with Ptprz1+/+ mice. In LUAD cells isolated from the lungs of urethane-treated mice, PTPRZ1 TP inhibition also enhanced proliferation and migration. Expression of beta 3 (β3 ) integrin is decreased in Ptprz1-/- LMVEC, linked to enhanced VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), c-Met tyrosine kinase (TK) and Akt kinase activities. However, only c-Met and Akt seem responsible for the enhanced endothelial cell activation in vitro and LUAD growth and angiogenesis in vivo in Ptprz1-/- mice. A selective PTPRZ1 TP inhibitor, VEGFA165 and PTN also activate c-Met and Akt in a PTPRZ1-dependent manner in endothelial cells, and their stimulatory effects are abolished by the c-Met TK inhibitor (TKI) crizotinib. Altogether, our data suggest that low PTPRZ1 expression is linked to worse LUAD prognosis and response to c-Met TKIs and uncover for the first time the role of PTPRZ1 in mediating c-Met activation by VEGFA and PTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Kastana
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Despoina Ntenekou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Eleni Mourkogianni
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Michaela-Karina Enake
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece
| | | | - Effrosyni Choleva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Antonia Marazioti
- Laboratory of Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Sophia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Racheal G. Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Centre, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Eleni Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Esther Gramage
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Herradón
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgios T. Stathopoulos
- Laboratory of Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Centre, Amarillo, TX, USA
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5
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Papadimitriou E, Kanellopoulou VK. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Zeta 1 as a Potential Target in Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098093. [PMID: 37175798 PMCID: PMC10178973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor zeta 1 (PTPRZ1) is a type V transmembrane tyrosine phosphatase that is highly expressed during embryonic development, while its expression during adulthood is limited. PTPRZ1 is highly detected in the central nervous system, affecting oligodendrocytes' survival and maturation. In gliomas, PTPRZ1 expression is significantly upregulated and is being studied as a potential cancer driver and as a target for therapy. PTPRZ1 expression is also increased in other cancer types, but there are no data on the potential functional significance of this finding. On the other hand, low PTPRZ1 expression seems to be related to a worse prognosis in some cancer types, suggesting that in some cases, it may act as a tumor-suppressor gene. These discrepancies may be due to our limited understanding of PTPRZ1 signaling and tumor microenvironments. In this review, we present evidence on the role of PTPRZ1 in angiogenesis and cancer and discuss the phenomenal differences among the different types of cancer, depending on the regulation of its tyrosine phosphatase activity or ligand binding. Clarifying the involved signaling pathways will lead to its efficient exploitation as a novel therapeutic target or as a biomarker, and the development of proper therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Papadimitriou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki K Kanellopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Regal JA, Guerra García ME, Jain V, Chandramohan V, Ashley DM, Gregory SG, Thompson EM, López GY, Reitman ZJ. Ganglioglioma deep transcriptomics reveals primitive neuroectoderm neural precursor-like population. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:50. [PMID: 36966348 PMCID: PMC10039537 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliogliomas are brain tumors composed of neuron-like and macroglia-like components that occur in children and young adults. Gangliogliomas are often characterized by a rare population of immature astrocyte-appearing cells expressing CD34, a marker expressed in the neuroectoderm (neural precursor cells) during embryogenesis. New insights are needed to refine tumor classification and to identify therapeutic approaches. We evaluated five gangliogliomas with single nucleus RNA-seq, cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing, and/or spatially-resolved RNA-seq. We uncovered a population of CD34+ neoplastic cells with mixed neuroectodermal, immature astrocyte, and neuronal markers. Gene regulatory network interrogation in these neuroectoderm-like cells revealed control of transcriptional programming by TCF7L2/MEIS1-PAX6 and SOX2, similar to that found during neuroectodermal/neural development. Developmental trajectory analyses place neuroectoderm-like tumor cells as precursor cells that give rise to neuron-like and macroglia-like neoplastic cells. Spatially-resolved transcriptomics revealed a neuroectoderm-like tumor cell niche with relative lack of vascular and immune cells. We used these high resolution results to deconvolute clinically-annotated transcriptomic data, confirming that CD34+ cell-associated gene programs associate with gangliogliomas compared to other glial brain tumors. Together, these deep transcriptomic approaches characterized a ganglioglioma cellular hierarchy-confirming CD34+ neuroectoderm-like tumor precursor cells, controlling transcription programs, cell signaling, and associated immune cell states. These findings may guide tumor classification, diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Regal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Vaibhav Jain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - David M Ashley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Simon G Gregory
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Eric M Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Giselle Y López
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Zachary J Reitman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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7
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Li K, Lai C, Hei S, Liu C, Li Z, Kewei X. Single-cell transcriptome reveals cellular heterogeneity and lineage-specific regulatory changes of fibroblasts in post-traumatic urethral stricture. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 33:101431. [PMID: 36748064 PMCID: PMC9898624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast is the critical repair cell for urethral wound healing. The dysfunction of fibroblasts can lead to excessive fibrosis and hypertrophic scar, which eventually leads to post-traumatic urethral stricture. However, the fibroblast subpopulation and intercellular communication in urethral stricture remains poorly understood. Therefore, a comprehensive single-cell resolution transcript landscape of human PTUS needs to be reported. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of 13,411 cells from post-urethral stricture tissue and adjacent normal tissue. Unsupervised clustering, function enrichment analysis, cell trajectory construction and intercellular communication analysis were applied to explore the cellular microenvironment and intercellular communication at single-cell level. We found that there is highly cell heterogeneity in urethral stricture tissue, which includes 11 cell lineages based on the cell markers. We identified the molecular typing of fibroblasts and indicated the key fibroblast subpopulations in the process of fibrogenesis during urethral stricture. The intercellular communication between fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells was identified. As an important bridge in the communication, integrins may be a potential therapeutic target for post-traumatic urethral stricture. In conclusion, this study reveals the cellular heterogeneity and lineage-specific regulatory changes of fibroblasts in post-traumatic urethral stricture, thereby providing new insights and potential genes for post-traumatic urethral stricture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiqing Li
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Lai
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shangyan Hei
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuohang Li
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Kewei
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,Corresponding author. No. 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, China.510120
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8
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Zheng K, Hou Y, Zhang Y, Wang F, Sun A, Yang D. Molecular features and predictive models identify the most lethal subtype and a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1111570. [PMID: 36874110 PMCID: PMC9980341 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The existing treatment regimens remained essentially unchanged over the past 30 years; hence the prognosis has plateaued at a poor level. Precise and personalized therapy is yet to be exploited. Methods One discovery cohort (n=98) and two validation cohorts (n=53 & n=48) were collected from public data sources. We performed a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method on the discovery cohort to stratify osteosarcoma. Survival analysis and transcriptomic profiling characterized each subtype. Then, a drug target was screened based on subtypes' features and hazard ratios. We also used specific siRNAs and added a cholesterol pathway inhibitor to osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS and Saos-2) to verify the target. Moreover, PermFIT and ProMS, two support vector machine (SVM) tools, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, were employed to establish predictive models. Results We herein divided osteosarcoma patients into four subtypes (S-I ~ S-IV). Patients of S- I were found probable to live longer. S-II was characterized by the highest immune infiltration. Cancer cells proliferated most in S-III. Notably, S-IV held the most unfavorable outcome and active cholesterol metabolism. SQLE, a rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis, was identified as a potential drug target for S-IV patients. This finding was further validated in two external independent osteosarcoma cohorts. The function of SQLE to promote proliferation and migration was confirmed by cell phenotypic assays after the specific gene knockdown or addition of terbinafine, an inhibitor of SQLE. We further employed two machine learning tools based on SVM algorithms to develop a subtype diagnostic model and used the LASSO method to establish a 4-gene model for predicting prognosis. These two models were also verified in a validation cohort. Conclusion The molecular classification enhanced our understanding of osteosarcoma; the novel predicting models served as robust prognostic biomarkers; the therapeutic target SQLE opened a new way for treatment. Our results served as valuable hints for future biological studies and clinical trials of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
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9
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Sudha B, Swathi K, Suganya K, Poornima A, Senthil Kumar N, Sumathi S. Identification of Key Candidate Genes in the Progression of Cervical Cancer: An in Silico Analysis. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-022-00639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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10
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Prognostic Value and Molecular Function of CRNDE in Glioma at Bulk and Single-Cell Levels. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223669. [PMID: 36429098 PMCID: PMC9688829 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) is an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) overexpressed in diverse malignancies. Here, we comprehensively analyze the prognostic value and molecular function of CRNDE in glioma. Bulk RNA-sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the Tumor Immune Single-Cell Hub (TISCH) were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was applied to verify the prognostic value of CRNDE. Then, a nomogram based on multivariate Cox regression was established for individualized survival prediction. Subsequently, the expression characteristic and biological function of CRNDE were analyzed at the single-cell level. Lastly, the effects of CRNDE on the proliferation and invasion of glioma cell were explored in vitro. We discovered that CRNDE was a powerful marker for risk stratification of glioma patients. Regardless of the status of IDH and 1p/19q, CRNDE could effectively stratify patients' prognosis. The nomogram that incorporated the CRNDE expression was proved to be a reliable tool for survival prediction. In addition, epithelial-mesenchymal transition may be the most important biological process regulated by CRNDE, which was identified at both the bulk and single-cell levels. Moreover, CRNDE knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of glioma cell. Overall, CRNDE is a vital oncogene and may be a valuable supplement to improve the clinical stratification of glioma.
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11
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Yoon SJ, Baek S, Yu SE, Jo E, Lee D, Shim JK, Choi RJ, Park J, Moon JH, Kim EH, Chang JH, Lee JB, Park JS, Sung HJ, Kang SG. Tissue Niche Miniature of Glioblastoma Patient Treated with Nano-Awakeners to Induce Suicide of Cancer Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201586. [PMID: 36047642 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Patient-specific cancer therapies can evolve by vitalizing the mother tissue-like cancer niche, cellular profile, genetic signature, and drug responsiveness. This evolution has enabled the elucidation of a key mechanism along with development of the mechanism-driven therapy. After surgical treatment, glioblastoma (GBM) patients require prompt therapy within 14 days in a patient-specific manner. Hence, this study approaches direct culture of GBM patient tissue (1 mm diameter) in a microchannel network chip. Cancer vasculature-mimetic perfusion can support the preservation of the mother tissue-like characteristic signatures and microenvironment. When temozolomide and radiation are administered within 1 day, the responsiveness of the tissue in the chip reflected the clinical outcomes, thereby overcoming the time-consuming process of cell and organoid culture. When the tissue chip culture is continued, the intact GBM signature gets lost, and the outward migration of stem cells from the tissue origin increases, indicating a leaving-home effect on the family dismantle. Nanovesicle production using GBM stem cells enables self-chasing of the cells that escape the temozolomide effect owing to quiescence. The anti-PTPRZ1 peptide display and temozolomide loading to nanovesicles awakes cancer stem cells from the quiescent stage to death. This study suggests a GBM clinic-driven avatar platform and mechanism-learned nanotherapy for translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sewoom Baek
- Department of Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Yu
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Jo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkyu Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Shim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Joo Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyung Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hee Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, 25, Cheongpa-ro 47ga-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04314, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Sang Park
- Department of Computer Engineering, Hongik University, 94, Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Department of Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Gu Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Tumor Translational Research Laboratory, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wang T, Ba X, Zhang X, Zhang N, Wang G, Bai B, Li T, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Wang B. Pan-cancer analyses of classical protein tyrosine phosphatases and phosphatase-targeted therapy in cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:976996. [PMID: 36341348 PMCID: PMC9630847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases function in dephosphorylating target proteins to regulate signaling pathways that control a broad spectrum of fundamental physiological and pathological processes. Detailed knowledge concerning the roles of classical PTPs in human cancer merits in-depth investigation. We comprehensively analyzed the regulatory mechanisms and clinical relevance of classical PTPs in more than 9000 tumor patients across 33 types of cancer. The independent datasets and functional experiments were employed to validate our findings. We exhibited the extensive dysregulation of classical PTPs and constructed the gene regulatory network in human cancer. Moreover, we characterized the correlation of classical PTPs with both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive responses to anti-cancer drugs. To evaluate the PTP activity in cancer prognosis, we generated a PTPscore based on the expression and hazard ratio of classical PTPs. Our study highlights the notable role of classical PTPs in cancer biology and provides novel intelligence to improve potential therapeutic strategies based on pTyr regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinlei Ba
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guowen Wang
- Department of Thoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Bin Bai
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Sui JSY, Martin P, Keogh A, Murchan P, Ryan L, Nicholson S, Cuffe S, Broin PÓ, Finn SP, Fitzmaurice GJ, Ryan R, Young V, Gray SG. Altered expression of ACOX2 in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:321. [PMID: 35999530 PMCID: PMC9396774 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are organelles that play essential roles in many metabolic processes, but also play roles in innate immunity, signal transduction, aging and cancer. One of the main functions of peroxisomes is the processing of very-long chain fatty acids into metabolites that can be directed to the mitochondria. One key family of enzymes in this process are the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidases (ACOX1, ACOX2 and ACOX3), the expression of which has been shown to be dysregulated in some cancers. Very little is however known about the expression of this family of oxidases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ACOX2 has however been suggested to be elevated at the mRNA level in over 10% of NSCLC, and in the present study using both standard and bioinformatics approaches we show that expression of ACOX2 is significantly altered in NSCLC. ACOX2 mRNA expression is linked to a number of mutated genes, and associations between ACOX2 expression and tumour mutational burden and immune cell infiltration were explored. Links between ACOX2 expression and candidate therapies for oncogenic driver mutations such as KRAS were also identified. Furthermore, levels of acyl-CoA oxidases and other associated peroxisomal genes were explored to identify further links between the peroxisomal pathway and NSCLC. The results of this biomarker driven study suggest that ACOX2 may have potential clinical utility in the diagnosis, prognosis and stratification of patients into various therapeutically targetable options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Y Sui
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, D08RX0X, Ireland.,Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Petra Martin
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, D08RX0X, Ireland.,Midland Regional Hospital Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland
| | - Anna Keogh
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, D08RX0X, Ireland
| | - Pierre Murchan
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lisa Ryan
- Department of Histopathology, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Nicholson
- Department of Histopathology, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- HOPE Directorate, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pilib Ó Broin
- School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, D08RX0X, Ireland.,Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Histopathology, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Cancer Molecular Diagnostics, Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard J Fitzmaurice
- Surgery, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Directorate, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ronan Ryan
- Surgery, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Directorate, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vincent Young
- Surgery, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Directorate, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven G Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, D08RX0X, Ireland. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,School of Biological Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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14
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Yang C, Tian G, Dajac M, Doty A, Wang S, Lee JH, Rahman M, Huang J, Reynolds BA, Sarkisian MR, Mitchell D, Deleyrolle LP. Slow-Cycling Cells in Glioblastoma: A Specific Population in the Cellular Mosaic of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1126. [PMID: 35267434 PMCID: PMC8909138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits populations of cells that drive tumorigenesis, treatment resistance, and disease progression. Cells with such properties have been described to express specific surface and intracellular markers or exhibit specific functional states, including being slow-cycling or quiescent with the ability to generate proliferative progenies. In GBM, each of these cellular fractions was shown to harbor cardinal features of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this study, we focus on the comparison of these cells and present evidence of great phenotypic and functional heterogeneity in brain cancer cell populations with stemness properties, especially between slow-cycling cells (SCCs) and cells phenotypically defined based on the expression of markers commonly used to enrich for CSCs. Here, we present an integrative analysis of the heterogeneity present in GBM cancer stem cell populations using a combination of approaches including flow cytometry, bulk RNA sequencing, and single cell transcriptomics completed with functional assays. We demonstrated that SCCs exhibit a diverse range of expression levels of canonical CSC markers. Importantly, the property of being slow-cycling and the expression of these markers were not mutually inclusive. We interrogated a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset and defined a group of cells as SCCs based on the highest score of a specific metabolic signature. Multiple CSC groups were determined based on the highest expression level of CD133, SOX2, PTPRZ1, ITGB8, or CD44. Each group, composed of 22 cells, showed limited cellular overlap, with SCCs representing a unique population with none of the 22 cells being included in the other groups. We also found transcriptomic distinctions between populations, which correlated with clinicopathological features of GBM. Patients with strong SCC signature score were associated with shorter survival and clustered within the mesenchymal molecular subtype. Cellular diversity amongst these populations was also demonstrated functionally, as illustrated by the heterogenous response to the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide. In conclusion, our study supports the cancer stem cell mosaicism model, with slow-cycling cells representing critical elements harboring key features of disseminating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Guimei Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Mariana Dajac
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Andria Doty
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.W.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.W.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Maryam Rahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Brent A. Reynolds
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Matthew R. Sarkisian
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Duane Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Loic P. Deleyrolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (C.Y.); (G.T.); (M.D.); (M.R.); (J.H.); (B.A.R.); (D.M.)
- Adam Michael Rosen Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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15
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Overexpression of PTPRZ1 Regulates p120/ -Catenin Phosphorylation to Promote Carcinogenesis of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2352360. [PMID: 35251170 PMCID: PMC8890887 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2352360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant disease of the oral cavity. New molecular predictors are needed to identify the high risk of malignant transformation in potentially malignant oral lesions. Our purpose is to explore PTPRZ1 and p120/β-catenin pathogenesis in the carcinogenesis of OSF to identify novel drug targets. Methods The expression of PTPRZ1, p120, and β-catenin in clinical tissues was detected. Then, PTPRZ1, p120, β-catenin, RhoA, Rac1, CDC42, cyclin D1, and c-myc expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. CCK-8 was applied to measure hOMF cells viability. Wound healing and transwell assay were applied to measure cell migration and invasion. Western blot and IF detected the distribution of p-p120 and p-β-catenin. Tumor formation experiment explored PTPRZ1 effects on OSF. Results PTPRZ1, p120, and β-catenin were abnormally expressed in cancer tissues. PTPRZ1 regulated the phosphorylation of p120/β-catenin. Western blot and IF showed that in the oe-NC group, p-p120 and p-β-catenin were expressed in the cell membrane. p-p120 and p-β-catenin were expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the oe-PTPRZ1 group. In vitro experimental results revealed overexpression of PTPRZ1 and β-catenin, and silencing of p120 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The tumor volume and weight in the sh-PTPRZ1 group were significantly reduced. IHC revealed the positive rate of PTPRZ1 was also low. Conclusions Overexpression of PTPRZ1 regulated the phosphorylation of p120/β-catenin to promote OSF malignancy.
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16
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Nunes-Xavier CE, Zaldumbide L, Mosteiro L, López-Almaraz R, García de Andoin N, Aguirre P, Emaldi M, Torices L, López JI, Pulido R. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Neuroblastoma: Emerging Roles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:811297. [PMID: 34957126 PMCID: PMC8692838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.811297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer intimately related with early development and differentiation of neuroendocrine cells, and constitutes one of the pediatric cancers with higher incidence and mortality. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are key regulators of cell growth and differentiation by their direct effect on tyrosine dephosphorylation of specific protein substrates, exerting major functions in the modulation of intracellular signaling during neuron development in response to external cues driving cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. We review here the current knowledge on the role of PTPs in neuroblastoma cell growth, survival, and differentiation. The potential of PTPs as biomarkers and molecular targets for inhibition in neuroblastoma therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
| | - Laura Zaldumbide
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Lorena Mosteiro
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Aguirre
- Department of Pathology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maite Emaldi
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Leire Torices
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - José I. López
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
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17
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Abstract
Amongst the several types of brain cancers known to humankind, glioma is one of the most severe and life-threatening types of cancer, comprising 40% of all primary brain tumors. Recent reports have shown the incident rate of gliomas to be 6 per 100,000 individuals per year globally. Despite the various therapeutics used in the treatment of glioma, patient survival rate remains at a median of 15 months after undergoing first-line treatment including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy with Temozolomide. As such, the discovery of newer and more effective therapeutic agents is imperative for patient survival rate. The advent of computer-aided drug design in the development of drug discovery has emerged as a powerful means to ascertain potential hit compounds with distinctively high therapeutic effectiveness against glioma. This review encompasses the recent advances of bio-computational in-silico modeling that have elicited the discovery of small molecule inhibitors and/or drugs against various therapeutic targets in glioma. The relevant information provided in this report will assist researchers, especially in the drug design domains, to develop more effective therapeutics against this global disease.
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18
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Levy JJ, Chen Y, Azizgolshani N, Petersen CL, Titus AJ, Moen EL, Vaickus LJ, Salas LA, Christensen BC. MethylSPWNet and MethylCapsNet: Biologically Motivated Organization of DNAm Neural Networks, Inspired by Capsule Networks. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2021; 7:33. [PMID: 34417465 PMCID: PMC8379254 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-021-00193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) alterations have been heavily implicated in carcinogenesis and the pathophysiology of diseases through upstream regulation of gene expression. DNAm deep-learning approaches are able to capture features associated with aging, cell type, and disease progression, but lack incorporation of prior biological knowledge. Here, we present modular, user-friendly deep-learning methodology and software, MethylCapsNet and MethylSPWNet, that group CpGs into biologically relevant capsules-such as gene promoter context, CpG island relationship, or user-defined groupings-and relate them to diagnostic and prognostic outcomes. We demonstrate these models' utility on 3,897 individuals in the classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. MethylCapsNet and MethylSPWNet provide an opportunity to increase DNAm deep-learning analyses' interpretability by enabling a flexible organization of DNAm data into biologically relevant capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Levy
- Program in Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Emerging Diagnostic and Investigative Technologies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Youdinghuan Chen
- Program in Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Nasim Azizgolshani
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Curtis L Petersen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Alexander J Titus
- Department of Life Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Manchester, NH, USA
| | - Erika L Moen
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Louis J Vaickus
- Emerging Diagnostic and Investigative Technologies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
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19
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Freuchet A, Salama A, Remy S, Guillonneau C, Anegon I. IL-34 and CSF-1, deciphering similarities and differences at steady state and in diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:771-796. [PMID: 33600012 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru1120-773r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although IL-34 and CSF-1 share actions as key mediators of monocytes/macrophages survival and differentiation, they also display differences that should be identified to better define their respective roles in health and diseases. IL-34 displays low sequence homology with CSF-1 but has a similar general structure and they both bind to a common receptor CSF-1R, although binding and subsequent intracellular signaling shows differences. CSF-1R expression has been until now mainly described at a steady state in monocytes/macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells, as well as in some cancers. IL-34 has also 2 other receptors, protein-tyrosine phosphatase zeta (PTPζ) and CD138 (Syndecan-1), expressed in some epithelium, cells of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as in numerous cancers. While most, if not all, of CSF-1 actions are mediated through monocyte/macrophages, IL-34 has also other potential actions through PTPζ and CD138. Additionally, IL-34 and CSF-1 are produced by different cells in different tissues. This review describes and discusses similarities and differences between IL-34 and CSF-1 at steady state and in pathological situations and identifies possible ways to target IL-34, CSF-1, and its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Freuchet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Remy
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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20
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Abshire ET, Hughes KL, Diao R, Pearce S, Gopalakrishna S, Trievel RC, Rorbach J, Freddolino PL, Goldstrohm AC. Differential processing and localization of human Nocturnin controls metabolism of mRNA and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactors. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15112-15133. [PMID: 32839274 PMCID: PMC7606674 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nocturnin (NOCT) is a eukaryotic enzyme that belongs to a superfamily of exoribonucleases, endonucleases, and phosphatases. In this study, we analyze the expression, processing, localization, and cellular functions of human NOCT. We find that NOCT protein is differentially expressed and processed in a cell and tissue type-specific manner to control its localization to the cytoplasm or mitochondrial exterior or interior. The N terminus of NOCT is necessary and sufficient to confer import and processing in the mitochondria. We measured the impact of cytoplasmic NOCT on the transcriptome and observed that it affects mRNA levels of hundreds of genes that are significantly enriched in osteoblast, neuronal, and mitochondrial functions. Recent biochemical data indicate that NOCT dephosphorylates NADP(H) metabolites, and thus we measured the effect of NOCT on these cofactors in cells. We find that NOCT increases NAD(H) and decreases NADP(H) levels in a manner dependent on its intracellular localization. Collectively, our data indicate that NOCT can regulate levels of both mRNAs and NADP(H) cofactors in a manner specified by its location in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth T Abshire
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kelsey L Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rucheng Diao
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sarah Pearce
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Metabolism, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden; Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing - Karolinska Institute Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shreekara Gopalakrishna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Metabolism, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Raymond C Trievel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joanna Rorbach
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Metabolism, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden; Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing - Karolinska Institute Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter L Freddolino
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron C Goldstrohm
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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21
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Dong Z, Li C, Coates D. PTN-PTPRZ signalling is involved in deer antler stem cell regulation during tissue regeneration. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3752-3769. [PMID: 33111346 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A growing deer antler contains a stem cell niche that can drive endochondral bone regeneration at up to 2 cm/day. Pleiotrophin (PTN), as a multifunctional growth factor, is found highly expressed at the messenger RNA level within the active antler stem cell tissues. This study aims to map the expression patterns of PTN protein and its receptors in a growing antler and investigate the effects of PTN on antler stem cells in vitro. Immunohistochemistry was employed to localise PTN/midkine (MDK) and their functional receptors, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z (PTPRZ), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), NOTCH2, and integrin αV β3, on serial slides of the antler growth centre. PTN was found to be the dominantly expressed growth factor in the PTN/MDK family. High expression of PTPRZ and ALK co-localised with PTN was found suggesting a potential interaction. The high levels of PTN and PTPRZ reflected the antler stem cell activation status during the regenerative process. When antler stem cells were cultured in vitro under the normoxic condition, no PTN protein was detected and exogenous PTN did not induce differentiation or proliferation but rather stem cell maintenance. Collectively, the antler stem cell niche appears to upregulate PTN and PTPRZ in vivo, and PTN-PTPRZ signalling may be involved in regulating antler stem cell behaviour during rapid antler regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Chunyi Li
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun, China
| | - Dawn Coates
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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22
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Tsai SL, Baselga-Garriga C, Melton DA. Midkine is a dual regulator of wound epidermis development and inflammation during the initiation of limb regeneration. eLife 2020; 9:50765. [PMID: 31934849 PMCID: PMC6959999 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of a specialized wound epidermis is required to initiate salamander limb regeneration. Yet little is known about the roles of the early wound epidermis during the initiation of regeneration and the mechanisms governing its development into the apical epithelial cap (AEC), a signaling structure necessary for outgrowth and patterning of the regenerate. Here, we elucidate the functions of the early wound epidermis, and further reveal midkine (mk) as a dual regulator of both AEC development and inflammation during the initiation of axolotl limb regeneration. Through loss- and gain-of-function experiments, we demonstrate that mk acts as both a critical survival signal to control the expansion and function of the early wound epidermis and an anti-inflammatory cytokine to resolve early injury-induced inflammation. Altogether, these findings unveil one of the first identified regulators of AEC development and provide fundamental insights into early wound epidermis function, development, and the initiation of limb regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Tsai
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Clara Baselga-Garriga
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Douglas A Melton
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
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23
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Khan AR, Yang X, Du X, Yang H, Liu Y, Khan AQ, Zhai G. Chondroitin sulfate derived theranostic and therapeutic nanocarriers for tumor-targeted drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115837. [PMID: 32059890 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The standard chemotherapy is facing the challenges of lack of cancer selectivity and development of drug resistance. Currently, with the application of nanotechnology, the rationally designed nanocarriers of chondroitin sulfate (CS) have been fabricated and their unique features of low toxicity, biocompatibility, and active and passive targeting made them drug delivery vehicles of the choice for cancer therapy. The hydrophilic and anionic CS could be incorporated as a building block into- or decorated on the surface of nanoformulations. Micellar nanoparticles (NPs) self-assembled from amphiphilic CS-drug conjugates and CS-polymer conjugates, polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) and nanogels of CS have been widely implicated in cancer directed therapy. The surface modulation of organic, inorganic, lipid and metallic NPs with CS promotes the receptor-mediated internalization of NPs to the tumor cells. The potential contribution of CS and CS-proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the pathogenesis of various cancer types, and CS nanocarriers in immunotherapy, radiotherapy, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer are summarized in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiyou Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Haotong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Yuanxiu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Abdul Qayyum Khan
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
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24
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Xu R, Gong CX, Duan CM, Huang JC, Yang GQ, Yuan JJ, Zhang Q, Xiong XY, Yang QW. Age-Dependent Changes in the Plasma Proteome of Healthy Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:846-856. [PMID: 33009535 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human blood plasma is a complex that communicates with most parts of the body and reflects the changes in the state of an organism. Identifying age-related biomarkers can help predict and monitor age-related physiological decline and diseases and identify new treatments for diseases. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS In this study, TMT-LC-MS/MS was utilized to screen differentially expressed plasma proteins in 118 healthy adults of different ages. Participants were divided into three groups: 21-30 years of age (Young), 41-50 years of age (Middle) and ≥60 years of age (Old). RESULTS The number of differentially expressed proteins in the comparisons of Young vs Middle, Middle vs Old and Young vs Old were 82, 22 and 99, respectively. These proteins were involved in numerous physiological processes, such as "negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" and "blood coagulation". Moreover, when Young was compared with Middle or Old, "complement and coagulation cascades" was the top enriched pathway by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Functional phenotyping of the proteome demonstrated that the plasma proteomic profiles of young adults were strikingly dissimilar to those of the middle-aged or older adults. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study mapped the variation in the expression of plasma proteins and provided information about possible biomarkers/treatments for different age-related functional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xu
- Xiaoyi Xiong and Qingwu Yang, No.183, Xinqiaozheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400037, China, Fax number: +86 23 6877 4413, (Xiaoyi Xiong) and (Qingwu Yang)
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