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Zhao X, Kong X, Cui Z, Zhang Z, Wang M, Liu G, Gao H, Zhang J, Qin W. Communication between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis: Focusing on exosomes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 193:106690. [PMID: 38181871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disorder on a global scale. Atherosclerosis (AS), a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, stands as the primary contributor to mortality among patients diagnosed with NAFLD. However, the precise etiology by which NAFLD causes AS remains unclear. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, and are considered to participate in complex biological processes by promoting cell-to-cell and organ-to-organ communications. As vesicles containing protein, mRNA, non-coding RNA and other bioactive molecules, exosomes can participate in the development of NAFLD and AS respectively. Recently, studies have shown that NAFLD can also promote the development of AS via secreting exosomes. Herein, we summarized the recent advantages of exosomes in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and AS, and highlighted the role of exosomes in mediating the information exchange between NAFLD and AS. Further, we discussed how exosomes play a prominent role in enabling information exchange among diverse organs, delving into a novel avenue for investigating the link between diseases and their associated complications. The future directions and emerging challenges are also listed regarding the exosome-based therapeutic strategies for AS under NAFLD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Xinxin Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Zhoujun Cui
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Zejin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Honggang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China.
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2
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Wang W, Zhao Y, Zhu P, Jia X, Wang C, Zhang Q, Li H, Wang J, Hou Y. Differential Proteomic Profiles of Coronary Serum Exosomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with or Without Diabetes Mellitus: ANGPTL6 Accelerates Regeneration of Endothelial Cells Treated with Rapamycin via MAPK Pathways. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:13-29. [PMID: 35821539 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delayed re-endothelialization after coronary drug-eluting stent implantation is associated with an increased incidence of late in-stent thrombosis. Serum exosomes exhibit controversial effects on promoting endothelialization. This study aimed to compare the angiogenic effects of serum exosomes derived from patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and AMI plus diabetes mellitus (DM) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Serum exosomes derived from patients in the control (Con-Exos), AMI (AMI-Exos), and AMI plus DM (AMI+DM-Exos) groups were isolated and identified using standard assays. CCK-8, wound healing, and tube formation assays were performed to detect the angiogenic abilities of serum exosomes on rapamycin-conditioned human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Differential proteomic profiles between AMI-Exos and AMI+DM-Exos were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects and potential mechanisms of exosomal angiopoietin-like 6 (ANGPTL6) were investigated. RESULTS Functional assays indicated that compared with Con-Exos, AMI-Exos enhanced, whereas AMI+DM-Exos inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation of rapamycin-conditioned HUVECs. Subsequently, 28 differentially expressed proteins between AMI-Exos and AMI+DM-Exos were identified, which were correlated with material transportation, immunity, and inflammatory reaction. Moreover, ANGPTL6 was highly enriched in AMI-Exos. Overexpression and knockdown of ANGPTL6 enhanced and inhibited angiogenesis, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of ANGPTL6 on angiogenesis was mediated via the activation of ERK 1/2, JNK, and p38 pathways. The inhibition of ERK 1/2 signaling markedly attenuated the migration abilities of overexpressing ANGPTL6. CONCLUSION Diabetes impairs the regenerative capacities of serum exosomes. Exosomal ANGPTL6 contributes to endothelial repair and is a novel therapeutic target for enhanced stent endothelization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Pengju Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaomeng Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jiangrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Chullo G, Panisello-Rosello A, Marquez N, Colmenero J, Brunet M, Pera M, Rosello-Catafau J, Bataller R, García-Valdecasas JC, Fundora Y. Focusing on Ischemic Reperfusion Injury in the New Era of Dynamic Machine Perfusion in Liver Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1117. [PMID: 38256190 PMCID: PMC10816079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. Transplant indications have been progressively increasing, with a huge discrepancy between the supply and demand of optimal organs. In this context, the use of extended criteria donor grafts has gained importance, even though these grafts are more susceptible to ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI). Hepatic IRI is an inherent and inevitable consequence of all liver transplants; it involves ischemia-mediated cellular damage exacerbated upon reperfusion and its severity directly affects graft function and post-transplant complications. Strategies for organ preservation have been constantly improving since they first emerged. The current gold standard for preservation is perfusion solutions and static cold storage. However, novel approaches that allow extended preservation times, organ evaluation, and their treatment, which could increase the number of viable organs for transplantation, are currently under investigation. This review discusses the mechanisms associated with IRI, describes existing strategies for liver preservation, and emphasizes novel developments and challenges for effective organ preservation and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chullo
- Service of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.C.); (M.P.); (J.C.G.-V.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Arnau Panisello-Rosello
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Noel Marquez
- Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jordi Colmenero
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
- Liver Transplant Unit, Service of Hepatology, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades hepaticas y digestives (CIBERehd), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Merce Brunet
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades hepaticas y digestives (CIBERehd), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Pera
- Service of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.C.); (M.P.); (J.C.G.-V.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Joan Rosello-Catafau
- Experimental Pathology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
- Liver Transplant Unit, Service of Hepatology, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades hepaticas y digestives (CIBERehd), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos García-Valdecasas
- Service of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.C.); (M.P.); (J.C.G.-V.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Yiliam Fundora
- Service of Digestive, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques (ICMDM), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (G.C.); (M.P.); (J.C.G.-V.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (M.B.); (R.B.)
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Xue Z, Liao Y, Li Y. Effects of microenvironment and biological behavior on the paracrine function of stem cells. Genes Dis 2024; 11:135-147. [PMID: 37588208 PMCID: PMC10425798 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the most well-studied cell type in the field of stem cell therapy, have multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potential. MSC-based therapies have been used to treat diverse diseases because of their ability to potently repair tissue and locally restore function. An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that paracrine function is central to the effects of MSC-based therapy. Growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and extracellular vehicles all contribute to the beneficial effects of MSCs on tissue regeneration and repair. The paracrine substances secreted by MSCs change depending on the tissue microenvironment and biological behavior. In this review, we discuss the bioactive substances secreted by MSCs depending on the microenvironment and biological behavior and their regulatory mechanisms, which explain their potential to treat human diseases, to provide new ideas for further research and clinical cell-free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Xue
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ye Li
- The Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
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Zhang Z, Zou Y, Song C, Cao K, Cai K, Chen S, Wu Y, Geng D, Sun G, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y. Advances in the study of exosomes in cardiovascular diseases. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00402-2. [PMID: 38123019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death worldwide for many years. In recent years, exosomes have gained extensive attention in the cardiovascular system due to their excellent biocompatibility. Studies have extensively researched miRNAs in exosomes and found that they play critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes in the cardiovascular system. These processes include promoting or inhibiting inflammatory responses, promoting angiogenesis, participating in cell proliferation and migration, and promoting pathological progression such as fibrosis. AIM OF REVIEW This systematic review examines the role of exosomes in various cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure and cardiomyopathy. It also presents the latest treatment and prevention methods utilizing exosomes. The study aims to provide new insights and approaches for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases by exploring the relationship between exosomes and these conditions. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the potential clinical use of exosomes as biomarkers for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles surrounded by lipid bilayers that are secreted by most cells in the body. They are heterogeneous, varying in size and composition, with a diameter typically ranging from 40 to 160 nm. Exosomes serve as a means of information communication between cells, carrying various biologically active substances, including lipids, proteins, and small RNAs such as miRNAs and lncRNAs. As a result, they participate in both physiological and pathological processes within the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Danxi Geng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine, China Medical University, National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Zhang H, Wan X, Tian J, An Z, Liu L, Zhao X, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Ge C, Song X. The therapeutic efficacy and clinical translation of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115551. [PMID: 37783149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, mainly derived from mesenchymal stem cells, provide a good reference for cardiac function repair and clinical application in cardiac and vascular diseases by regulating cardiomyocyte viability, inflammatory levels, angiogenesis, and ventricular remodeling after a heart injury. This review presents the cardioprotective efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-originated exosomes and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we expound on several efficient approaches to transporting exosomes into the heart in clinical application and comment on the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xueqi Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jinfan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ziyu An
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuquan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Changjiang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Xiantao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Fu Y, Wang Y, Liang L, Gu M, Gao Y, Feng L. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Utilization for In Vitro Donor Liver Machine Perfusion Preservation: Current Status and Future Directions. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:665-675. [PMID: 37643740 PMCID: PMC10552689 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. Currently, the shortage of high-quality donors has led to the exploration of the use of marginal organs. However, several factors limit the in vitro long-term preservation and long-distance transport of livers, which can also lead to ischemia-reperfusion injuries, resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, an efficient and convenient strategy to improve this situation is urgently required. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is expected to improve the liver environment in vitro and provide better evaluation indices for organ repair mechanisms. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repair damaged hepatocytes or exert their protective effects via paracrine mechanisms, such as the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). We hypothesized that combining the regenerative ability of MSCs and the significant advantages of NMP may improve the quality and utilization rate of organs, especially marginal organs. In this study, we review different strategies for liver preservation in vitro, as well as their strengths and weaknesses. We also introduce MSCs, derived EVs, and MSCs applications in liver preservation in vitro. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future trends of MSCs applications for in vitro liver preservation. We envision novel bioreactor designs that employ 3D cell culturing and offer the possibility to reconstruct MSCs microenvironments to promote cell growth and biofunction expression. Large-scale MSCs production can be combined with normothermic machine perfusion to enhance in vitro liver preservation, thereby promoting donor organ function to benefit recipients in need of liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwei Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzi Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Tang S, Li R, Ma W, Lian L, Gao J, Cao Y, Gan L. Cardiac-to-adipose axis in metabolic homeostasis and diseases: special instructions from the heart. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:161. [PMID: 37667400 PMCID: PMC10476430 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is essential for maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis through traditional metabolic regulation, endocrine crosstalk, and extracellular vesicle production. Adipose dysfunction is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The heart is a traditional pump organ. However, it has recently been recognized to coordinate interorgan cross-talk by providing peripheral signals known as cardiokines. These molecules include specific peptides, proteins, microRNAs and novel extracellular vesicle-carried cargoes. Current studies have shown that generalized cardiokine-mediated adipose regulation affects systemic metabolism. Cardiokines regulate lipolysis, adipogenesis, energy expenditure, thermogenesis during cold exposure and adipokine production. Moreover, cardiokines participate in pathological processes such as obesity, diabetes and ischemic heart injury. The underlying mechanisms of the cardiac-to-adipose axis mediated by cardiokines will be further discussed to provide potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases and support a new perspective on the need to correct adipose dysfunction after ischemic heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songling Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Ma
- Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Lian
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuyu Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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van Zonneveld AJ, Zhao Q, Rotmans JI, Bijkerk R. Circulating non-coding RNAs in chronic kidney disease and its complications. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:573-586. [PMID: 37286733 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00725-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate the expression of genes involved in kidney physiology and disease. A large variety of ncRNA species exist, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, piwi-interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, circular RNAs and yRNAs. Despite early assumptions that some of these species may exist as by-products of cell or tissue injury, a growing body of literature suggests that these ncRNAs are functional and participate in a variety of processes. Although they function intracellularly, ncRNAs are also present in the circulation, where they are carried by extracellular vesicles, ribonucleoprotein complexes or lipoprotein complexes such as HDL. These systemic, circulating ncRNAs are derived from specific cell types and can be directly transferred to a variety of cells, including endothelial cells of the vasculature and virtually any cell type in the kidney, thereby affecting the function of the host cell and/or its response to injury. Moreover, chronic kidney disease itself, as well as injury states associated with transplantation and allograft dysfunction, is associated with a shift in the distribution of circulating ncRNAs. These findings may provide opportunities for the identification of biomarkers with which to monitor disease progression and/or the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Qiao Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joris I Rotmans
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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10
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Malektaj H, Nour S, Imani R, Siadati MH. Angiogenesis induction as a key step in cardiac tissue Regeneration: From angiogenic agents to biomaterials. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123233. [PMID: 37460050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. After myocardial infarction, the vascular supply of the heart is damaged or blocked, leading to the formation of scar tissue, followed by several cardiac dysfunctions or even death. In this regard, induction of angiogenesis is considered as a vital process for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the cells in cardiac tissue engineering. The current review aims to summarize different approaches of angiogenesis induction for effective cardiac tissue repair. Accordingly, a comprehensive classification of induction of pro-angiogenic signaling pathways through using engineered biomaterials, drugs, angiogenic factors, as well as combinatorial approaches is introduced as a potential platform for cardiac regeneration application. The angiogenic induction for cardiac repair can enhance patient treatment outcomes and generate economic prospects for the biomedical industry. The development and commercialization of angiogenesis methods often involves collaboration between academic institutions, research organizations, and biomedical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Malektaj
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Shirin Nour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad H Siadati
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Traxler D, Dannenberg V, Zlabinger K, Gugerell A, Mester-Tonczar J, Lukovic D, Spannbauer A, Hasimbegovic E, Kastrup J, Gyöngyösi M. Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicle Cardiac miRNA Expression in Patients with Ischemic Heart Failure, Randomized to Percutaneous Intramyocardial Treatment of Adipose Derived Stem Cells or Placebo: Subanalysis of the SCIENCE Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10647. [PMID: 37445825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargo are an important component of cell-to-cell communication in cardiac disease. Allogeneic adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are thought to be a potential approach for cardiac regenerative therapy in ischemic heart disease. The SCIENCE study investigated the effect of ADSCs administered via intramyocardial injection on cardiac function in patients with ischemic heart disease. The aim of this substudy, based on samples from 15 patients, was to explore small EV miRNA dynamics after treatment with ADSCs compared to a placebo. Small EVs were isolated at several timepoints after the percutaneous intramyocardial application of ADSCs. No significant effect of ADSC treatment on small EV concentration was detected. After 12 months, the expression of miR-126 decreased significantly in ADSC patients, but not in the placebo-treated group. However, all cardiac miRNAs correlated with plasma cardiac biomarkers. In line with the overall negative results of the SCIENCE study, with the exception of one miR, we did not detect any significant regulation of small EV miRNAs in this patient collective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Traxler
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Varius Dannenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Zlabinger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Gugerell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Mester-Tonczar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominika Lukovic
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Spannbauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ena Hasimbegovic
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jens Kastrup
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, Department of Cardiology, Centre for Cardiac, Vascular, Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Henrik Harpestrengs Vej 4, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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12
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Gao L, Sun Y, Zhang X, Ma D, Xie A, Wang E, Cheng L, Liu S. Wnt3a-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Promote Alveolar Epithelial Regeneration after Lung Injury. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206606. [PMID: 37072558 PMCID: PMC10288279 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Compromised regeneration resulting from the deactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with limited therapeutic options. Extracellular cytokine-induced Wnt-based signaling provides an alternative option for COPD treatment. However, the hydrophobic nature of Wnt proteins limits their purification and use. This study devises a strategy to deliver the membrane-bound wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3A (Wnt3a) over a long distance by anchoring it to the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The newly engineered Wnt3aWG EVs are generated by co-expressing Wnt3a with two genes encoding the membrane protein, WLS, and an engineered glypican, GPC6ΔGPI -C1C2. The bioactivity of Wnt3aWG EVs is validated using a TOPFlash assay and a mesoderm differentiation model of human pluripotent stem cells. Wnt3aWG EVs activate Wnt signaling and promote cell growth following human alveolar epithelial cell injury. In an elastase-induced emphysema model, impaired pulmonary function and enlarged airspace are greatly restored by the intravenous delivery of Wnt3aWG EVs. Single-cell RNA sequencing-based analyses further highlight that Wnt3aWG EV-activated regenerative programs are responsible for its beneficial effects. These findings suggest that EV-based Wnt3a delivery represents a novel therapeutic strategy for lung repair and regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- Blood and Cell Therapy InstituteAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and ApplicationsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Yongping Sun
- School of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Xinye Zhang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- Blood and Cell Therapy InstituteAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and ApplicationsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - An Xie
- Blood and Cell Therapy InstituteAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and ApplicationsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Enyu Wang
- Blood and Cell Therapy InstituteAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and ApplicationsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- Blood and Cell Therapy InstituteAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and ApplicationsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Senquan Liu
- Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- Blood and Cell Therapy InstituteAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and ApplicationsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
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13
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Li J, Huang Y, Sun H, Yang L. Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in the treatment of age-related diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181308. [PMID: 37275920 PMCID: PMC10232739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from multiple tissues have the capability of multidirectional differentiation and self-renewal. Many reports indicated that MSCs exert curative effects on a variety of age-related diseases through regeneration and repair of aging cells and organs. However, as research has progressed, it has become clear that it is the MSCs derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) that may have a real role to play, and that they can be modified to achieve better therapeutic results, making them even more advantageous than MSCs for treating disease. This review generalizes the biological characteristics of MSCs and exosomes and their mechanisms in treating age-related diseases, for example, MSCs and their exosomes can treat age-related diseases through mechanisms such as oxidative stress (OS), Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway, and so on. In addition, current in vivo and in vitro trials are described, and ongoing clinical trials are discussed, as well as the prospects and challenges for the future use of exosomes in disease treatment. This review will provide references for using exosomes to treat age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuling Huang
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Li H, Ding J, Liu W, Wang X, Feng Y, Guan H, Chen Z. Plasma exosomes from patients with acute myocardial infarction alleviate myocardial injury by inhibiting ferroptosis through miR-26b-5p/SLC7A11 axis. Life Sci 2023; 322:121649. [PMID: 37011873 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ferroptosis promotes myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Increasing evidence suggests the crucial role of exosomes in post-AMI pathophysiological regulation. We aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of plasma exosomes derived from patients with AMI in inhibiting ferroptosis after AMI. METHODS Plasma exosomes were isolated from controls (Con-Exo) and patients with AMI (MI-Exo). These exosomes were incubated with hypoxic cardiomyocytes or intramyocardially injected into the AMI mice. Histopathological changes, cell viability, and cell death were measured to evaluate the myocardial injury. For the ferroptosis evaluation, iron particle deposition, Fe2+, ROS, MDA, GSH, and GPX4 levels were detected. Exosomal miR-26b-5p expression was detected by qRT-PCR, and the targeting relationship between miR-26b-5p and SLC7A11 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The role of the miR-26b-5p/SLC7A11 axis in the regulation of ferroptosis was validated by rescue experiments in cardiomyocytes. FINDINGS Hypoxia-treatment induced ferroptosis and injury in H9C2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. MI-Exo performed better than Con-Exo in inhibiting hypoxia-induced ferroptosis. miR-26b-5p expression was downregulated in MI-Exo, and miR-26b-5p overexpression significantly eliminated the inhibitory effect of MI-Exo on ferroptosis. Mechanistically, knockdown of miR-26b-5p upregulated SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 expressions by directly targeting SLC7A11. Moreover, SLC7A11 silencing also reversed the inhibitory effect of MI-Exo on hypoxia-induced ferroptosis. In vivo, MI-Exo significantly inhibited ferroptosis, reduced myocardial injury, and improved the cardiac function of AMI mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings revealed a novel mechanism of myocardial protection that downregulation of miR-26b-5p in MI-Exo notably upregulated SLC7A11 expression, thereby inhibiting post-AMI ferroptosis and alleviating myocardial injury.
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15
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Yin X, Yin X, Pan X, Zhang J, Fan X, Li J, Zhai X, Jiang L, Hao P, Wang J, Chen Y. Post-myocardial infarction fibrosis: Pathophysiology, examination, and intervention. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1070973. [PMID: 37056987 PMCID: PMC10086160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis plays an indispensable role in cardiac tissue homeostasis and repair after myocardial infarction (MI). The cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix collagen deposition are the hallmarks of cardiac fibrosis, which are modulated by multiple signaling pathways and various types of cells in time-dependent manners. Our understanding of the development of cardiac fibrosis after MI has evolved in basic and clinical researches, and the regulation of fibrotic remodeling may facilitate novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, and finally improve outcomes. Here, we aim to elaborate pathophysiology, examination and intervention of cardiac fibrosis after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Yin
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinxin Yin
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhui Fan
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhai
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Panpan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiali Wang, ; Yuguo Chen,
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jiali Wang, ; Yuguo Chen,
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16
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Gao L, Feng Q, Cui B, Mao Y, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Zhu H. Loading Nanoceria Improves Extracellular Vesicle Membrane Integrity and Therapy to Wounds in Aged Mice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:732-742. [PMID: 36642927 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a programmed process through which tissue restores its integrity after an injury. Advancing age is a risk factor for delayed cutaneous wound healing; however, ideal therapeutic approaches for aged wound have not been developed yet. By dissecting the harsh microenvironment of aged wound, we propose an integrated chemical and biological strategy to mitigate two main hostile factors including oxidative stress and ischemia. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a rising star in regenerative medicine due to their powerful facilitation in tissue repair and regeneration. However, the fragile lipid membrane limits their function under the oxidative stress microenvironment. Nanoceria is an antioxidative nanozyme; here, we reveal that nanoceria-loaded EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells facilitate cutaneous wound healing in aged mice. DG-CeO2 was prepared via coating CeO2 covalently with d-glucose to promote their cellular endocytosis. DG-CeO2 was packaged into EVs under optimized hypoxic conditions (DG-CeO2 EVsHyp). We further demonstrated that DG-CeO2 EVsHyp had favorable biocompatibility and antioxidative and proangiogenic effects during the cutaneous wound healing in both young and aged mice. Further evidence revealed that DG-CeO2 EVsHyp-transferred miR-92a-3p/125b-5p and their targets associated with aging degeneration may be the potential mechanisms. Collectively, these findings highlight that nanoceria-loaded EVs released by engineered stem cells may represent a potential therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration in aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, P. R. China
| | - Qishuai Feng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Yaning Mao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhao
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen 518118, P. R. China
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17
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Sun J, Ge Y, Chao T, Bai R, Wang C. The Role of miRNA in the Regulation of Angiogenesis in Ischemic Heart Disease. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101637. [PMID: 36773949 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite continued improvements in primary prevention and treatment, ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most common cause of mortality in both developing and developed countries. Promoting angiogenesis and reconstructing vascular network in ischemic myocardium are critical process of postischemic tissue repair. Effective strategies to promote survival and avoid apoptosis of endothelial cells in the ischemic myocardium can help to achieve long-term cardiac angiogenesis. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the molecular pathophysiology of angiogenesis in-depth and to find the key targets that promote angiogenesis. Recently years, many studies have found that microRNAs play important regulatory roles in almost all process of angiogenesis, including vascular sprouting, proliferation, survival and migration of vascular endothelial cells, recruitment of vascular progenitor cells, and control of angiopoietin expression. This review presents detailed information about the regulatory role of miRNAs in the angiogenesis of IHD in recent years, and provides new therapeutic ideas for the treatment of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Ge
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Chao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruina Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chenglong Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wu Q, Fu X, Li X, Li J, Han W, Wang Y. Modification of adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived small extracellular vesicles with fibrin-targeting peptide CREKA for enhanced bone repair. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:208-220. [PMID: 35702606 PMCID: PMC9163428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of bone repair is highly regulated by a large number of bioactive factors. Thus, a “cocktail” of bioactive factors supplemented to the defect sites is desirable for bone repair. In this regard, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells hold great potential in tissue repair. Nevertheless, the poor homing and retention of sEVs greatly limited their possible clinical application. In the present work, DMPE-PEG-CREKA was inserted into the membrane of sEVs released from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to obtain CREKA functionalized sEVs (CREKA-sEVs), which could target fibrin to accumulate and retain in bone defects. Our results showed that CREKA-sEVs, like sEVs, promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, the angiogenic property of HUVECs, and modulated the polarization of macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, due to the improved fibrin-binding and retention capacity of CREKA-sEVs, they enhanced the bone repair substantially in the rat femoral defect model. This study provided a new strategy to improve the therapeutic efficiency of sEVs and showed that CREKA-sEVs had great application value in bone tissue repair. The poor homing and retention capacity greatly limited the possible clinical application of sEVs derived from MSCs. CREKA modification enabled sEVs to bind fibrin effectively and promoted their accumulation and retention in bone defects. CREKA-sEVs enhanced bone repair substantially in the rat femoral defect model.
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Gao J, Guo Z, Li W, Zhang X, Zhang XE, Cui Z. Ebola virus disrupts the inner blood-retinal barrier by induction of vascular endothelial growth factor in pericytes. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011077. [PMID: 36652443 PMCID: PMC9847965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with high mortality. In Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors, EBOV persistence in the eyes may break through the inner blood-retinal barrier (iBRB), leading to ocular complications and EVD recurrence. However, the mechanism by which EBOV affects the iBRB remains unclear. Here, we used the in vitro iBRB model to simulate EBOV in retinal tissue and found that Ebola virus-like particles (EBO-VLPs) could disrupt the iBRB. Cytokine screening revealed that EBO-VLPs stimulate pericytes to secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to cause iBRB breakdown. VEGF downregulates claudin-1 to disrupt the iBRB. Ebola glycoprotein is crucial for VEGF stimulation and iBRB breakdown. Furthermore, EBO-VLPs caused iBRB breakdown by stimulating VEGF in rats. This study provides a mechanistic insight into that EBOV disrupts the iBRB, which will assist in developing new strategies to treat EBOV persistence in EVD survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-En Zhang
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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20
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Hou Z, Lin Y, Yang X, Chen J, Li G. Therapeutics of Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiocerebrovascular and Metabolic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1418:187-205. [PMID: 37603281 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1443-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membranous vesicles containing DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins, which play versatile roles in intercellular communications. EVs are increasingly being recognized as the promising therapeutic agents for many diseases, including cardiocerebrovascular and metabolic diseases, due to their ability to deliver functional and therapeutical molecules. In this chapter, the biological characteristics and functions of EVs are briefly summarized. Importantly, the current state of applying EVs in the prevention and treatment of cardiocerebrovascular and metabolic diseases, including myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, myocardial hypertrophy, stroke, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, fatty liver, obesity, thyroid diseases, and osteoporosis, is discussed. Lastly, the challenges and prospects related to the preclinical and clinical application of EVs receive a particular focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Hou
- College of Basic Medical and Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyan Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Fangshan Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Basic Medical and Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Yedigaryan L, Sampaolesi M. Extracellular vesicles and Duchenne muscular dystrophy pathology: Modulators of disease progression. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1130063. [PMID: 36891137 PMCID: PMC9987248 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1130063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disorder and is considered to be one of the worst forms of inherited muscular dystrophies. DMD occurs as a result of mutations in the dystrophin gene, leading to progressive muscle fiber degradation and weakness. Although DMD pathology has been studied for many years, there are aspects of disease pathogenesis and progression that have not been thoroughly explored yet. The underlying issue with this is that the development of further effective therapies becomes stalled. It is becoming more evident that extracellular vesicles (EVs) may contribute to DMD pathology. EVs are vesicles secreted by cells that exert a multitude of effects via their lipid, protein, and RNA cargo. EV cargo (especially microRNAs) is also said to be a good biomarker for identifying the status of specific pathological processes that occur in dystrophic muscle, such as fibrosis, degeneration, inflammation, adipogenic degeneration, and dilated cardiomyopathy. On the other hand, EVs are becoming more prominent vehicles for custom-engineered cargos. In this review, we will discuss the possible contribution of EVs to DMD pathology, their potential use as biomarkers, and the therapeutic efficacy of both, EV secretion inhibition and custom-engineered cargo delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Yedigaryan
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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22
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The Role of the Notch Signaling Pathway in Recovery of Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012509. [PMID: 36293363 PMCID: PMC9604421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a pathological process, evidencing as massive death of cardiomyocytes associated with hypoxic and oxidative stress. The formation of areas of fibrosis ultimately leads to heart failure. There are some mechanisms that contribute to the functional repair of the heart. In most mammals, including humans, the Notch signaling pathway has cardioprotective effects. It is involved in the formation of the heart in embryogenesis and in the restoration of cardiac function after MI due to: (1) reducing oxidative stress; (2) prevention of apoptosis; (3) regulation of inflammation; (4) containment of fibrosis and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes; (5) tissue revascularization; and (6) regulation of proliferation and differentiation of cardiomyocytes. In addition, the Notch signaling pathway interacts with other signaling cascades involved in the pathogenesis of MI and subsequent cardiac repair. In this review, we consider the Notch signaling pathway as a potential target for therapeutic approaches aimed at improving cardiac recovery after MI.
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23
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Zhou F, Li K, Yang K. Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes and Related microRNAs in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:453-462. [PMID: 36223051 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death from noncommunicable diseases worldwide. The pathological development of ASCVD begins with atherosclerosis, followed by the narrowing and occlusion of the vascular lumen and, subsequently, ischemic necrosis in coronary arteries. Preventing atherosclerosis development and delaying ischemia progression may be effective ways of pre-diagnosing and treating ASCVD. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells play an increasingly important role in basic research on cardiovascular diseases in terms of the impact of macrophage polarization and the endothelial, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis effects. The related microRNAs play a significant role in ASCVD. This study was novel in reviewing the role of exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells and related microRNAs in ASCVD. Therapeutic potentials of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes in terms of their impact on macrophage polarization, endothelial effect, anti-apoptosis intervention, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Keping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
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Oct4 cooperates with c-Myc to improve mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition and myocardial repair of cardiac-resident mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:445. [PMID: 36056383 PMCID: PMC9438134 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac-resident mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) can exhibit fibrotic, proinflammatory, and proangiogenic phenotype in response to myocardial ischemia (Isch). How their phenotypic fate decisions are determined remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the cooperation of Oct4 and c-Myc in cMSCs creates a preferable mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition (MEndoT) to promote angiogenesis and consequent myocardial repair. METHODS We collected MSCs from cardiac and peripheral blood of rat with left ventricular Isch (LV Isch) 30 days after myocardial infarction (MI) or sham operation. After a comparison of characterization between cMSCs and peripheral blood MSCs (pbMSCs), we conducted transcriptome analysis and RNA sequencing of cMSCs. Using loss/gain-of-function approaches to understand the cooperation of c-Myc and Oct4 on MEndoT of cMSCs under hypoxic condition, we explored the mechanisms through transcriptome and functional experiment, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Next, we transplanted male cMSCs with overexpression or inhibition of c-Myc/Oct4 into the infarcted myocardium of female rats and evaluated infarct size, cell retention, inflammation, remodeling, and function after 30 days. RESULTS LV Isch switched cMSCs toward both inflammatory and proangiogenic phenotypes, with increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines as well as decreased expression of proangiogenic factors. The effect of LV Isch on pbMSCs was less remarkable. Gene expression heatmap showed imbalance in expression of Oct4 and c-Myc regulating genes associated with remodeling of cMSCs. We provided evidence that cMSCs-specific c-Myc- versus Oct4-overexpression showed divergent genomic signatures, and their corresponding target genes play an important role in regulating cMSCs phenotypic changes. In particular, Oct4 accelerated angiogenesis induced by c-Myc overexpression in cMSCs and inhibited their phenotypic transition into inflammatory cells and fibroblast. Mechanistically, exogenous Oct4 caused c-Myc to translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and activated some of its target signalings including VEGF signaling. Although transplantation of cMSCs alone did not improve LV remodeling and function, cMSCs co-transfected with c-Myc and Oct4 promoted a more positive effect in their survival and reparative properties, increased animal survival, reduced infarct size, decreased scar thickness, inhibited LV remodeling, and improved heart function 30 days after MI. Significantly, Oct4 promoted MEndoT ("Rescue me" signal) of cMSCs after both c-Myc stimulation in vitro and transplantation into the infarcted heart. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial Isch drives resident cMSCs toward multiple phenotypes. Oct4 interacts with c-Myc to promote MEndoT capacity of cMSCs and improve their survival and reparative effects through upregulation of angiogenesis-related signaling pathways. These findings may identify novel targets for stem cell therapy.
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25
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Xia Y, Xu X, Guo Y, Lin C, Xu X, Zhang F, Fan M, Qi T, Li C, Hu G, Peng L, Wang S, Zhang L, Hai C, Liu R, Yan W, Tao L. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Overexpressing Farnesoid X Receptor Exert Cardioprotective Effects Against Acute Ischemic Heart Injury by Binding Endogenous Bile Acids. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200431. [PMID: 35780502 PMCID: PMC9404394 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bile acid metabolites have been increasingly recognized as pleiotropic signaling molecules that regulate cardiovascular functions, but their role in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-based therapy has never been investigated. It is found that overexpression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a main receptor for bile acids, improves the retention and cardioprotection of adipose tissue-derived MSC (ADSC) administered by intramyocardial injection in mice with myocardial infarction (MI), which shows enhanced antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and antifibrotic effects. RNA sequencing, LC-MS/MS, and loss-of-function studies reveal that FXR overexpression promotes ADSC paracrine angiogenesis via Angptl4. FXR overexpression improves ADSC survival in vivo but fails in vitro. By performing bile acid-targeted metabolomics using ischemic heart tissue, 19 bile acids are identified. Among them, cholic acid and deoxycholic acid significantly increase Angptl4 secretion from ADSC overexpressing FXR and further improve their proangiogenic capability. Moreover, ADSC overexpressing FXR shows significantly lower apoptosis by upregulating Nqo-1 expression only in the presence of FXR ligands. Retinoid X receptor α is identified as a coactivator of FXR. It is first demonstrated that there is a bile acid pool in the myocardial microenvironment. Targeting the bile acid-FXR axis may be a novel strategy for improving the curative effect of MSC-based therapy for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Xia
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced ManufactureDepartment of PeriodontologySchool of StomatologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Yongzhen Guo
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Chen Lin
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
- CardiologyGeneral Hospital of Eastern Theater Command of Chinese PLANanjing210002China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Fuyang Zhang
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Miaomiao Fan
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Tingting Qi
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Congye Li
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Guangyu Hu
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Lu Peng
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Shan Wang
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Ling Zhang
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Chunxu Hai
- Department of ToxicologyShanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and MedicineMinistry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational EnvironmentSchool of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of ToxicologyShanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and MedicineMinistry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational EnvironmentSchool of Public HealthFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Ling Tao
- CardiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
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26
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Gabisonia K, Khan M, Recchia FA. Extracellular vesicle-mediated bidirectional communication between heart and other organs. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H769-H784. [PMID: 35179973 PMCID: PMC8993522 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00659.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a wealth of studies has identified various molecular species released by cardiac muscle under physiological and pathological conditions that exert local paracrine and/or remote endocrine effects. Conversely, humoral factors, principally produced by organs such as skeletal muscle, kidney, or adipose tissue, may affect the function and metabolism of normal and diseased hearts. Although this cross communication within cardiac tissue and between the heart and other organs is supported by mounting evidence, research on the role of molecular mediators carried by exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, collectively defined as extracellular vesicles (EVs), is at an early stage of investigation. Once released in the circulation, EVs can potentially reach any organ where they transfer their cargo of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that exert potent biological effects on recipient cells. Although there are a few cases where such signaling was clearly demonstrated, the results from many other studies can only be tentatively inferred based on indirect evidence obtained by infusing exogenous EVs in experimental animals or by adding them to cell cultures. This area of research is in rapid expansion and most mechanistic interpretations may change in the near future; hence, the present review on the role played by EV-carried mediators in the two-way communication between heart and skeletal muscle, kidneys, bone marrow, lungs, liver, adipose tissue, and brain is necessarily limited. Nonetheless, the available data are already unveiling new, intriguing, and ample scenarios in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatia Gabisonia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Fabio A Recchia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Yan C, Yu J. Noncoding RNA in Extracellular Vesicles Regulate Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.806001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve the desired outcome in tissue engineering regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells need to undergo a series of biological processes, including differentiating into the ideal target cells. The extracellular vesicle (EV) in the microenvironment contributes toward determining the fate of the cells with epigenetic regulation, particularly from noncoding RNA (ncRNA), and exerts transportation and protective effects on ncRNAs. We focused on the components and functions of ncRNA (particularly microRNA) in the EVs. The EVs modified by the ncRNA favor tissue regeneration and pose a potential challenge.
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Li M, Ding W, Liu G, Wang J. Extracellular Circular RNAs Act as Novel First Messengers Mediating Cell Cross-Talk in Ischemic Cardiac Injury and Myocardial Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:444-455. [PMID: 35182317 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) causes most of the mortality worldwide. Coronary obstruction-caused myocardial ischemic injury leads to permanent loss of the myocardium. Subsequent compensatory myocardial remodeling and heart failure would result in arrhythmia and even sudden death. The molecular mechanisms of these pathological processes remain to be thoroughly revealed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are special types of non-coding RNAs which can durably regulate gene expression and modulate cell fate. They had been reported to mediate ischemic myocardial injury and myocardial remodeling. circRNAs can be loaded into extracellular vesicles and released into extracellular space. More recently, it was uncovered that the extracellular circRNAs can regulate intercellular communications, similar to "first messengers." The cross-talk mediated by extracellular circRNAs had been demonstrated to play important roles in pathological processes. Here, we would like to review the modulation of extracellular circRNAs in ischemic myocardial injury and myocardial remodeling. We believe the extracellular circRNAs can bring new strategies of MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Gaoli Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266510, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Dehkordi NR, Dehkordi NR, Farjoo MH. Therapeutic properties of stem cell-derived exosomes in ischemic heart disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Ozel I, Duerig I, Domnich M, Lang S, Pylaeva E, Jablonska J. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Neutrophils, Angiogenesis, and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030536. [PMID: 35158807 PMCID: PMC8833332 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from already existing vasculature, is tightly regulated by pro- and anti-angiogenic stimuli and occurs under both physiological and pathological conditions. Tumor angiogenesis is central for tumor development, and an “angiogenic switch” could be initiated by multiple immune cells, such as neutrophils. Tumor-associated neutrophils promote tumor angiogenesis by the release of both conventional and non-conventional pro-angiogenic factors. Therefore, neutrophil-mediated tumor angiogenesis should be taken into consideration in the design of novel anti-cancer therapy. This review recapitulates the complex role of neutrophils in tumor angiogenesis and summarizes neutrophil-derived pro-angiogenic factors and mechanisms regulating angiogenic activity of tumor-associated neutrophils. Moreover, it provides up-to-date information about neutrophil-targeting therapy, complementary to anti-angiogenic treatment.
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31
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Gan L, Liu D, Xie D, Bond Lau W, Liu J, Christopher TA, Lopez B, Liu L, Hu H, Yao P, He Y, Gao E, Koch WJ, Zhao J, Ma XL, Cao Y, Wang Y. Ischemic Heart-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Impair Adipocyte Function. Circ Res 2022; 130:48-66. [PMID: 34763521 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with acute myocardial infarction suffer systemic metabolic dysfunction via incompletely understood mechanisms. Adipocytes play critical role in metabolic homeostasis. The impact of acute myocardial infarction upon adipocyte function is unclear. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) critically contribute to organ-organ communication. Whether and how small extracellular vesicle mediate post-MI cardiomyocyte/adipocyte communication remain unknown. METHODS Plasma sEVs were isolated from sham control (Pla-sEVSham) or 3 hours after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (Pla-sEVMI/R) and incubated with adipocytes for 24 hours. Compared with Pla-sEVSham, Pla-sEVMI/R significantly altered expression of genes known to be important in adipocyte function, including a well-known metabolic regulatory/cardioprotective adipokine, APN (adiponectin). Pla-sEVMI/R activated 2 (PERK-CHOP and ATF6 [transcription factor 6]-EDEM [ER degradation enhancing alpha-mannosidase like protein 1] pathways) of the 3 endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in adipocytes. These pathological alterations were also observed in adipocytes treated with sEVs isolated from adult cardiomyocytes subjected to in vivo myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) (Myo-sEVMI/R). Bioinformatic/RT-qPCR analysis demonstrates that the members of miR-23-27-24 cluster are significantly increased in Pla-sEVMI/R, Myo-sEVMI/R, and adipose tissue of MI/R animals. Administration of cardiomyocyte-specific miR-23-27-24 sponges abolished adipocyte miR-23-27-24 elevation in MI/R animals, supporting the cardiomyocyte origin of adipocyte miR-23-27-24 cluster. In similar fashion to Myo-sEVMI/R, a miR-27a mimic activated PERK-CHOP and ATF6-EDEM-mediated ER stress. Conversely, a miR-27a inhibitor significantly attenuated Myo-sEVMI/R-induced ER stress and restored APN production. RESULTS An unbiased approach identified EDEM3 (ER degradation enhancing alpha-mannosidase like protein 3) as a novel downstream target of miR-27a. Adipocyte EDEM3 deficiency phenocopied multiple pathological alterations caused by Myo-sEVMI/R, whereas EDEM3 overexpression attenuated Myo-sEVMI/R-resulted ER stress. Finally, administration of GW4869 or cardiomyocyte-specific miR-23-27-24 cluster sponges attenuated adipocyte ER stress, improved adipocyte endocrine function, and restored plasma APN levels in MI/R animals. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that MI/R causes significant adipocyte ER stress and endocrine dysfunction by releasing miR-23-27-24 cluster-enriched small extracellular vesicle. Targeting small extracellular vesicle-mediated cardiomyocyte-adipocyte pathological communication may be of therapeutic potential to prevent metabolic dysfunction after MI/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital (L.G., L.L., H.H., P.Y., Y.H., Y.C.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Demin Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China (D.L.)
| | - Dina Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Theodore A Christopher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Bernard Lopez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Lian Liu
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital (L.G., L.L., H.H., P.Y., Y.H., Y.C.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Hu
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital (L.G., L.L., H.H., P.Y., Y.H., Y.C.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Yarong He
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital (L.G., L.L., H.H., P.Y., Y.H., Y.C.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital (L.G., L.L., H.H., P.Y., Y.H., Y.C.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (E.G., W.J.K.)
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (E.G., W.J.K.)
| | - Jianli Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
| | - Yu Cao
- Disaster Medical Center (Y.C.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (L.G., D.L., D.X., W.B.L., J.L., T.A.C., B.L., P.Y., J.Z., X.-L.M., Y.W.)
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Xiao H, Wu D, Yang T, Fu W, Yang L, Hu C, Wan H, Hu X, Zhang C, Wu T. Extracellular vesicles derived from HBMSCs improved myocardial infarction through inhibiting zinc finger antisense 1 and activating Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:905-916. [PMID: 34974805 PMCID: PMC8805844 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2014389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is believed to be one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, and it is seriously threatening the health of people in the world. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from mesenchymal stem cells and zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1) have been believed to be involved in the regulation of MI, but the mechanism has not been fully clarified. Left anterior descending artery ligation was used to establish MI animal model, hypoxia treatment was applied to establish MI cell model. CCK8, transwell, and wound healing methods were applied to measure cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Overexpression of ZFAS1 was established via transfecting pcDNA-ZFAS1. Overexpression of ZFAS1 significantly reversed the influence of EVs on cell migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Similar effect of EVs and ZFAS1 on morphological changes of MI rat heart tissues were also observed. The activation of Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by EVs was remarkably suppressed by pcDNA-ZFAS1. Inhibitor of Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway remarkably reversed the impact of EVs on the cell viability. EVs might improve MI through inhibiting ZFAS1 and promoting Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. This study might provide a new thought for the prevention and treatment of MI damage through regulating ZFAS1 or Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of medical technology, Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chenkai Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongbing Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chenjie Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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33
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Ge L, Xun C, Li W, Jin S, Liu Z, Zhuo Y, Duan D, Hu Z, Chen P, Lu M. Extracellular vesicles derived from hypoxia-preconditioned olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells enhance angiogenesis via miR-612. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:380. [PMID: 34802444 PMCID: PMC8607643 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play important roles in tissue repair and regeneration, such as the induction of angiogenesis, particularly under hypoxic conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic MSC activation remain largely unknown. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vital mediators of cell-to-cell communication and can be directly utilized as therapeutic agents for tissue repair and regeneration. Here, we explored the effects of EVs from human hypoxic olfactory mucosa MSCs (OM-MSCs) on angiogenesis and its underlying mechanism. EVs were isolated from normoxic (N) OM-MSCs (N-EVs) and hypoxic (H) OM-MSCs (H-EVs) using differential centrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. In vitro and in vivo, both types of OM-MSC-EVs promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic activities of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). In addition, angiogenesis-stimulatory activity in the H-EV group was significantly enhanced compared to the N-EV group. MicroRNA profiling revealed a higher abundance of miR-612 in H-EVs than in N-EVs, while miR-612 inactivation abolished the N-EV treatment benefit. To explore the roles of miR-612, overexpression and knock-down experiments were performed using a mimic and inhibitor or agomir and antagomir of miR-612. The miR-612 target genes were confirmed using the luciferase reporter assay. Gain- and loss-of-function studies allowed the validation of miR-612 (enriched in hypoxic OM-MSC-EVs) as a functional messenger that stimulates angiogenesis and represses the expression of TP53 by targeting its 3′-untranslated region. Further functional assays showed that hypoxic OM-MSC-EVs promote paracrine Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)-Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling in HBMECs via the exosomal miR-612-TP53-HIF-1α-VEGF axis. These findings suggest that hypoxic OM-MSC-EVs may represent a promising strategy for ischemic disease by promoting angiogenesis via miR-612 transfer. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lite Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.,The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengfeng Xun
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshui Li
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyu Jin
- Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo Liu
- Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhuo
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Duan
- Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Chen
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Lu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Provincical Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, People's Republic of China.
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Wagner KT, Radisic M. A New Role for Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiac Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2100047. [PMID: 34927167 PMCID: PMC8680295 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Discovering new therapies to treat heart disease requires improved understanding of cardiac physiology at a cellular level. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are plasma membrane-bound nano- and microparticles secreted by cells and known to play key roles in intercellular communication, often through transfer of biomolecular cargo. Advances in EV research have established techniques for EV isolation from tissue culture media or biofluids, as well as standards for quantitation and biomolecular characterization. EVs released by cardiac cells are known to be involved in regulating cardiac physiology as well as in the progression of myocardial diseases. Due to difficulty accessing the heart in vivo, advanced in vitro cardiac 'tissues-on-a-chip' have become a recent focus for studying EVs in the heart. These physiologically relevant models are producing new insight into the role of EVs in cardiac physiology and disease while providing a useful platform for screening novel EV-based therapeutics for cardiac tissue regeneration post-injury. Numerous hurdles have stalled the clinical translation of EV therapeutics for heart patients, but tissue-on-a-chip models are playing an important role in bridging the translational gap, improving mechanistic understanding of EV signalling in cardiac physiology, disease, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl T Wagner
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A1
| | - Milica Radisic
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A1
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Du M, Wang Z, Su G, Zhou Y, Luo C. Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSC) Inhibit Apoptosis Factors Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 to Promote the Repair of Cardiomyocytes. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses the effect of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on cardiomyocytes by inhibiting the apoptotic factors Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. Cell purity was evaluated under a microscope and exosomes were obtained by ultracentrifugation from the culture
supernatant of BMSCs. Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) method analyzed the concentration distribution of exosomes particle size, and specific surface antigens were examined by flow cytometry. Exosomes were used to process cardiomyocytes to detect cardiomyocyte repair. After plasmid interference
technology, the effect of exosomes on caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression was detected by western blot. The activity of cardiomyocytes was analyzed by CCK-8. Exosomes can promote the viability of cardiomyocytes. The mRNA and protein levels of GLUT3 in cardiomyocytes were significantly increased.
Exosomes can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Exosomes can improve the function and promote the repair of myocardium by inhibiting the expression of apoptotic factors Caspase-3 and Caspase-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijiao Du
- Department of Emergency, Xiantao First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Xiantao, Hubei, 433000, China
| | - Zhengmei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xiantao First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Xiantao, Hubei, 433000, China
| | - Geng Su
- Department of Medical Administration, Xiantao First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Xiantao, Hubei, 433000, China
| | - Yunxia Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Xiantao First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Xiantao, Hubei, 433000, China
| | - Chuan Luo
- Department of Emergency, Xiantao First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Xiantao, Hubei, 433000, China
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Gomez AH, Joshi S, Yang Y, Tune JD, Zhao MT, Yang H. Bioengineering Systems for Modulating Notch Signaling in Cardiovascular Development, Disease, and Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:125. [PMID: 34677194 PMCID: PMC8541010 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch intercellular signaling pathways play significant roles in cardiovascular development, disease, and regeneration through modulating cardiovascular cell specification, proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis. The dysregulation of Notch signaling leads to malfunction and maldevelopment of the cardiovascular system. Currently, most findings on Notch signaling rely on animal models and a few clinical studies, which significantly bottleneck the understanding of Notch signaling-associated human cardiovascular development and disease. Recent advances in the bioengineering systems and human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiovascular cells pave the way to decipher the role of Notch signaling in cardiovascular-related cells (endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells), and intercellular crosstalk in the physiological, pathological, and regenerative context of the complex human cardiovascular system. In this review, we first summarize the significant roles of Notch signaling in individual cardiac cell types. We then cover the bioengineering systems of microfluidics, hydrogel, spheroid, and 3D bioprinting, which are currently being used for modeling and studying Notch signaling in the cardiovascular system. At last, we provide insights into ancillary supports of bioengineering systems, varied types of cardiovascular cells, and advanced characterization approaches in further refining Notch signaling in cardiovascular development, disease, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angello Huerta Gomez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA; (A.H.G.); (S.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Sanika Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA; (A.H.G.); (S.J.); (Y.Y.)
- Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76201, USA
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA; (A.H.G.); (S.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Johnathan D. Tune
- Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Ming-Tao Zhao
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA;
- The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA; (A.H.G.); (S.J.); (Y.Y.)
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Bermúdez V, Durán P, Rojas E, Díaz MP, Rivas J, Nava M, Chacín M, Cabrera de Bravo M, Carrasquero R, Ponce CC, Górriz JL, D´Marco L. The Sick Adipose Tissue: New Insights Into Defective Signaling and Crosstalk With the Myocardium. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:735070. [PMID: 34603210 PMCID: PMC8479191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.735070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) biology is linked to cardiovascular health since obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and positively correlated with excessive visceral fat accumulation. AT signaling to myocardial cells through soluble factors known as adipokines, cardiokines, branched-chain amino acids and small molecules like microRNAs, undoubtedly influence myocardial cells and AT function via the endocrine-paracrine mechanisms of action. Unfortunately, abnormal total and visceral adiposity can alter this harmonious signaling network, resulting in tissue hypoxia and monocyte/macrophage adipose infiltration occurring alongside expanded intra-abdominal and epicardial fat depots seen in the human obese phenotype. These processes promote an abnormal adipocyte proteomic reprogramming, whereby these cells become a source of abnormal signals, affecting vascular and myocardial tissues, leading to meta-inflammation, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart hypertrophy, heart failure and myocardial infarction. This review first discusses the pathophysiology and consequences of adipose tissue expansion, particularly their association with meta-inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. We also explore the precise mechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming in AT that represent plausible causative factors for CVD. Finally, we clarify how lifestyle changes could promote improvement in myocardiocyte function in the context of changes in AT proteomics and a better gut microbiome profile to develop effective, non-pharmacologic approaches to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Pablo Durán
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Edward Rojas
- Cardiovascular Division, University Hospital, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Florida-College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Manuel Nava
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano Ponce
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José Luis Górriz
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis D´Marco
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Zhong Z, Tian Y, Luo X, Zou J, Wu L, Tian J. Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Protect Against DOX-Induced Heart Failure Through the miR-100-5p/NOX4 Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:703241. [PMID: 34513812 PMCID: PMC8424184 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.703241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The end result of a variety of cardiovascular diseases is heart failure. Heart failure patients’ morbidity and mortality rates are increasing year after year. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSC-EVs) have recently been discovered to be an alternative treatment for heart failure, according to recent research. In this study, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms in which HucMSC-EVs inhibited doxorubicin (DOX)-induced heart failure in AC16 cells. An miR-100-5p inhibitor and an miR-100-5p mimic were used to transfect HucMSCs using Lipofectamine 2000. HucMSC-EVs were isolated and purified using the ultracentrifugation method. AC16 cells were treated with DOX combined with HucMSC-EVs or an EV miR-100-5-p inhibitor or EV miR-100-5-p mimic. ROS levels were measured by a flow cytometer. The levels of LDH, SOD, and MDA were measured by biochemical methods. Apoptotic cells were assessed by a flow cytometer. Cleaved-caspase-3 and NOX4 protein expression were determined by Western blot. The experiment results showed that HucMSC-EVs inhibited DOX-induced increased levels of ROS, LDH, and MDA, and decreased levels of SOD which were reversed by an EV miR-100-5-p inhibitor, while EV miR-100-5-p mimic had a similar effect to HucMSC-EVs. At the same time, HucMSC-EV-inhibited DOX induced the increases of apoptotic cells as well as NOX4 and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression, which were reversed by an EV miR-100-5-p inhibitor. Furthermore, the NOX4 expression was negatively regulated by miR-100-5p. Overexpression of NOX4 abolished the effects in which HucMSC-EVs inhibited DOX-induced ROS, oxidative stress, and apoptosis increases. In conclusion, these results indicate that HucMSC-EVs inhibit DOX-induced heart failure through the miR-100-5p/NOX4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglong Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Yuqing Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Xiaoming Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Jianjie Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Julong Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
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Ji Z, Wang C, Tong Q. Role of miRNA-324-5p-Modified Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Post-Myocardial Infarction Repair. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:298-309. [PMID: 34158416 PMCID: PMC8429947 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives To seek out the role of mircoRNA (miR)-324-5p-modified adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in post-myocardial infarction (MI) myocardial repair. Methods and Results Rat ADSCs were cultivated and then identified by morphologic observation, osteogenesis and adipogenesis induction assays and flow cytometry. Afterwards, ADSCs were modified by miR-324-5p lentiviral vector, with ADSC proliferation and migration measured. Then, rat MI model was established, which was treated by ADSCs or miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs. Subsequently, the function of miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs in myocardial repair of MI rats was assessed through functional assays. Next, the binding relation of miR-324-5p and Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) was validated. Eventually, functional rescue assay of TOLLIP was performed to verify the role of TOLLIP in MI. First, rat ADSCs were harvested. Overexpressed miR-324-5p improved ADSC viability. ADSC transplantation moderately enhanced cardiac function of MI rats, reduced enzyme levels and decreased infarct size and apoptosis; while miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs could better promote post-MI repair. Mechanically, miR-324-5p targeted TOLLIP in myocardial tissues. Moreover, TOLLIP overexpression debilitated the promotive role of miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs in post-MI repair in rats. Conclusions miR-324-5p-modified ADSCs evidently strengthened post-MI myocardial repair by targeting TOLLIP in myocardial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Chan Wang
- Jinzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhou, China
| | - Qing Tong
- Office of Academic Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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40
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Plasma Exosome Profile in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients with and without Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158065. [PMID: 34360827 PMCID: PMC8347807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of new biomarkers allowing an early and more accurate characterization of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is still needed, and exosomes represent an attractive diagnostic tool in this context. However, the characterization of their protein cargo in relation to cardiovascular clinical manifestation is still lacking. To this end, 35 STEMI patients (17 experiencing resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA-STEMI) and 18 uncomplicated) and 32 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) were enrolled. Plasma exosomes were characterized by the nanoparticle tracking analysis and Western blotting. Exosomes from STEMI patients displayed a higher concentration and size and a greater expression of platelet (GPIIb) and vascular endothelial (VE-cadherin) markers, but a similar amount of cardiac troponin compared to CCS. In addition, a difference in exosome expression of acute-phase proteins (ceruloplasmin, transthyretin and fibronectin) between STEMI and CCS patients was found. GPIIb and brain-associated marker PLP1 accurately discriminated between OHCA and uncomplicated STEMI. In conclusion, the exosome profile of STEMI patients has peculiar features that differentiate it from that of CCS patients, reflecting the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in STEMI. Additionally, the exosome expression of brain- and platelet-specific markers might allow the identification of patients experiencing ischemic brain injury in STEMI.
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Davidson SM, Padró T, Bollini S, Vilahur G, Duncker DJ, Evans PC, Guzik T, Hoefer IE, Waltenberger J, Wojta J, Weber C. Progress in cardiac research - from rebooting cardiac regeneration to a complete cell atlas of the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2161-2174. [PMID: 34114614 PMCID: PMC8344830 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review some of the important discoveries and advances made in basic and translational cardiac research in 2020. For example, in the field of myocardial infarction (MI), new aspects of autophagy and the importance of eosinophils were described. Novel approaches such as a glycocalyx mimetic were used to improve cardiac recovery following MI. The strategy of 3D bio-printing was shown to allow the fabrication of a chambered cardiac organoid. The benefit of combining tissue engineering with paracrine therapy to heal injured myocardium is discussed. We highlight the importance of cell-to cell communication, in particular the relevance of extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, which transport proteins, lipids, non-coding RNAs and mRNAs and actively contribute to angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration. In this rapidly growing field, new strategies were developed to stimulate the release of reparative exosomes in ischaemic myocardium. Single-cell sequencing technology is causing a revolution in the study of transcriptional expression at cellular resolution, revealing unanticipated heterogeneity within cardiomyocytes, pericytes and fibroblasts, and revealing a unique subpopulation of cardiac fibroblasts. Several studies demonstrated that exosome- and non-coding RNA-mediated approaches can enhance human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) viability and differentiation into mature cardiomyocytes. Important details of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter and its relevance were elucidated. Novel aspects of cancer therapeutic-induced cardiotoxicity were described, such as the novel circular RNA circITCH, which may lead to novel treatments. Finally, we provide some insights into the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease and Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Tomasz Guzik
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK and Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Imo E Hoefer
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johann Wojta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands
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Huang J, Wang F, Sun X, Chu X, Jiang R, Wang Y, Pang L. Myocardial infarction cardiomyocytes-derived exosomal miR-328-3p promote apoptosis via Caspase signaling. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:2365-2378. [PMID: 34017395 PMCID: PMC8129285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exosomal miRNAs are used as novel non-invasive biomarkers for detection strategies of human disease. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential clinical value of exosomal miRNAs for myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis and treatment. Differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained from normal cardiomyocytes, MI cardiomyocytes and adjacent normal cardiomyocytes using miRNA microarray analysis. Exosomes were isolated by centrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot. The expression of miR-328-3p in exosomes was then verified by qRT-PCR. Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry and TUNEL analysis. The MI severity was confirmed by masson's trichrome staining and echocardiography. MiR-328-3p was significantly increased in the MI cardiomyocytes and adjacent normal cardiomyocytes. We further confirmed miR-328-3p increasing in the exosomes from MI cardiomyocytes, which can be taken into normal cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, exogenous exosomal miR-328-3p increased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and promoted MI. Genes regulated by miR-328-3p are mainly enriched in Caspase signaling, which is an important apoptosis regulating signaling pathway. Additionally, Caspase-3 inhibitor, Z-DEVD-FMK, reversed apoptosis and MI promoting function of miR-328-3p. Exosomal miR-328-3p is a potential novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for MI, and Z-DEVD-FMK could reverse the apoptosis progression induced by miR-328-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechun Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Fangrui Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Xianglin Chu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Liewen Pang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University 12th Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
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Kompa AR, Greening DW, Kong AM, McMillan PJ, Fang H, Saxena R, Wong RCB, Lees JG, Sivakumaran P, Newcomb AE, Tannous BA, Kos C, Mariana L, Loudovaris T, Hausenloy DJ, Lim SY. Sustained subcutaneous delivery of secretome of human cardiac stem cells promotes cardiac repair following myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:918-929. [PMID: 32251516 PMCID: PMC7898942 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To establish pre-clinical proof of concept that sustained subcutaneous delivery of the secretome of human cardiac stem cells (CSCs) can be achieved in vivo to produce significant cardioreparative outcomes in the setting of myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were subjected to permanent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery and randomized to receive subcutaneous implantation of TheraCyte devices containing either culture media as control or 1 × 106 human W8B2+ CSCs, immediately following myocardial ischaemia. At 4 weeks following myocardial infarction, rats treated with W8B2+ CSCs encapsulated within the TheraCyte device showed preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. The preservation of cardiac function was accompanied by reduced fibrotic scar tissue, interstitial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, as well as increased myocardial vascular density. Histological analysis of the TheraCyte devices harvested at 4 weeks post-implantation demonstrated survival of human W8B2+ CSCs within the devices, and the outer membrane was highly vascularized by host blood vessels. Using CSCs expressing plasma membrane reporters, extracellular vesicles of W8B2+ CSCs were found to be transferred to the heart and other organs at 4 weeks post-implantation. Furthermore, mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles of W8B2+ CSCs identified proteins implicated in inflammation, immunoregulation, cell survival, angiogenesis, as well as tissue remodelling and fibrosis that could mediate the cardioreparative effects of secretome of human W8B2+ CSCs. CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous implantation of TheraCyte devices encapsulating human W8B2+ CSCs attenuated adverse cardiac remodelling and preserved cardiac function following myocardial infarction. The TheraCyte device can be employed to deliver stem cells in a minimally invasive manner for effective secretome-based cardiac therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Kompa
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne,
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Centre of Cardiovascular
Research and Education in Therapeutics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC,
Australia
| | - David W Greening
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute,
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular
Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne M Kong
- O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical
Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Paul J McMillan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biological Optical Microscopy
Platform, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Haoyun Fang
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute,
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ritika Saxena
- O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical
Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Deakin
University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Raymond C B Wong
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne,
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian
Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine,
Shenzhen, China
| | - Jarmon G Lees
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne,
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical
Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Priyadharshini Sivakumaran
- O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical
Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Andrew E Newcomb
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital
Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,
USA
| | - Cameron Kos
- O'Brien Institute Department & Immunology & Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s
Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia
| | - Lina Mariana
- O'Brien Institute Department & Immunology & Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s
Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas Loudovaris
- O'Brien Institute Department & Immunology & Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s
Institute of Medical Research, VIC, Australia
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of
Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart
Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London,
London, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia
University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore,
Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiang Y Lim
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, University of Melbourne,
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical
Research, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
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Yu S, You X, Liang H, Li Y, Fu Y, Zhang X, Hu X, An J, Xu Y, Li F. First trimester placental mesenchymal stem cells improve cardiac function of rat after myocardial infarction via enhanced neovascularization. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06120. [PMID: 33553765 PMCID: PMC7855719 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most critical heart disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used as a therapy for AMI for several years. The human placenta has emerged as a valuable source of transplantable cells of mesenchymal origin that can be used for multiple cytotherapeutic purposes. However, the different abilities of first trimester placental chorion mesenchymal stem cells (FCMSCs) and third trimester placental chorion mesenchymal stem cells (TCMSCs) have not yet been explored. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of FCMSCs and TCMSCs on the treatment of AMI. FCMSCs and TCMSCs were isolated and characterized, and then they were subjected to in vitro endothelial cell (EC) differentiation induction and tube formation to evaluate angiogenic ability. Moreover, the in vivo effects of FCMSCs and TCMSCs on cardiac improvement were also evaluated in a rat MI model. Both FCSMCs and TCMSCs expressed a series of MSCs surface markers. After differentiation induction, FCMSCs-derived EC (FCMSCs-EC) exhibited morphology that was more similar to that of ECs and had higher CD31 and vWF levels than TCMSCs-EC. Furthermore, tube formation could be achieved by FCMSCs-EC that was significantly better than that of TCMSCs-EC. Especially, FCMSCs-EC expressed higher levels of pro-angiogenesis genes, PDGFD, VEGFA, and TNC, and lower levels of anti-angiogenesis genes, SPRY1 and ANGPTL1. In addition, cardiac improvement, indicated by left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDs), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular shortening fraction (LVSF), could be observed following treatment with FCMSCs, and it was superior to that of TCMSCs and Bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs). FCMSCs exhibited a superior ability to generate EC differentiation, as evidenced by in vitro morphology, angiogenic potential and in vivo cardiac function improvement; further, increased levels of expression of pro-angiogenesis genes may be the mechanism by which this effect occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichang Yu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinran You
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hansi Liang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, TuHa Petroleum Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaohan Hu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinnan An
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyun Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Sun SJ, Lai WH, Jiang Y, Zhen Z, Wei R, Lian Q, Liao SY, Tse HF. Immunomodulation by systemic administration of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stromal cells to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of cell-based therapy for treatment of myocardial infarction. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1641-1654. [PMID: 33408772 PMCID: PMC7778603 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Poor survival and engraftment are major hurdles of stem cell therapy in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to determine whether pre-transplantation systemic intravenous administration of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hiPSC-MSCs) could improve the survival of hiPSC-MSCs or hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) following direct intramyocardial transplantation in a mouse model of MI. Methods: Mice were randomized to undergo intravenous administration of saline or 5×105 hiPSC-MSCs one week prior to MI, induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Mice were further assigned to undergo direct intramyocardial transplantation of hiPSC-MSCs (1×106) or hiPSC-CMs (1×106) 10 minutes following MI. Echocardiographic and invasive hemodynamic assessment were performed to determine cardiac function. In-vivo fluorescent imaging analysis, immunofluorescence staining and polymerase chain reaction were performed to detect cell engraftment. Flow cytometry of splenic regulatory T cells (Tregs) and natural killer (NK) cells was performed to assess the immunomodulatory effects. Results: Pre-transplantation systemic administration of hiPSC-MSCs increased systemic Tregs activation, decreased the number of splenic NK cells and inflammation, and enhanced survival of transplanted hiPSC-MSCs and hiPSC-CMs. These improvements were associated with increased neovascularization and decreased myocardial inflammation and apoptosis at the peri-infract zone with consequent improved left ventricular function four weeks later. Co-culture of splenic CD4 cells with hiPSC-MSCs also modulated their cytokine expression profile with a decreased level of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin (IL)-17A, but not IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. Conclusion: Pre-transplantation systemic intravenous administration of hiPSC-MSCs induced immunomodulation and facilitated the survival of intramyocardially transplanted cells to improve cardiac function in MI.
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Song J, Liu Y, Liu F, Zhang L, Li G, Yuan C, Yu C, Lu X, Liu Q, Chen X, Liang H, Ding Z, Zhang B. The 14-3-3σ protein promotes HCC anoikis resistance by inhibiting EGFR degradation and thereby activating the EGFR-dependent ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Theranostics 2021; 11:996-1015. [PMID: 33391517 PMCID: PMC7738881 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to anoikis, cell death due to matrix detachment, is acquired during tumor progression. The 14-3-3σ protein is implicated in the development of chemo- and radiation resistance, indicating a poor prognosis in multiple human cancers. However, its function in anoikis resistance and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently unknown. Methods: Protein expression levels of 14-3-3σ were measured in paired HCC and normal tissue samples using western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical correlation between 14-3-3σ expression, clinicopathological features, and overall survival. Artificial modulation of 14-3-3σ (downregulation and overexpression) was performed to explore the role of 14-3-3σ in HCC anoikis resistance and tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Association of 14-3-3σ with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was assayed by co-immunoprecipitation. Effects of ectopic 14-3-3σ expression or knockdown on EGFR signaling, ligand-induced EGFR degradation and ubiquitination were examined using immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry analysis. The levels of EGFR ubiquitination, the interaction between EGFR and 14-3-3σ, and the association of EGFR with c-Cbl after EGF stimulation, in 14-3-3σ overexpressing or knockdown cells were examined to elucidate the mechanism by which 14-3-3σ inhibits EGFR degradation. Using gain-of-function or loss-of-function strategies, we further investigated the role of the EGFR signaling pathway and its downstream target machinery in 14-3-3σ-mediated anoikis resistance of HCC cells. Results: We demonstrated that 14-3-3σ was upregulated in HCC tissues, whereby its overexpression was correlated with aggressive clinicopathological features and a poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that 14-3-3σ promoted anoikis resistance and metastasis of HCC cells. Mechanistically, we show that 14-3-3σ can interact with EGFR and significantly inhibit EGF-induced degradation of EGFR, stabilizing the activated receptor, and therefore prolong the activation of EGFR signaling. We demonstrated that 14-3-3σ downregulated ligand-induced EGFR degradation by inhibiting EGFR-c-Cbl association and subsequent c-Cbl-mediated EGFR ubiquitination. We further verified that activation of the ERK1/2 pathway was responsible for 14-3-3σ-mediated anoikis resistance of HCC cells. Moreover, EGFR inactivation could reverse the 14-3-3σ-mediated effects on ERK1/2 phosphorylation and anoikis resistance. Expression of 14-3-3σ and EGFR were found to be positively correlated in human HCC tissues. Conclusions: Our results indicate that 14-3-3σ plays a pivotal role in the anoikis resistance and metastasis of HCC cells, presumably by inhibiting EGFR degradation and regulating the activation of the EGFR-dependent ERK1/2 pathway. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of the role of 14-3-3σ in the anoikis resistance of HCC cells, offering new research directions for the treatment of metastatic cancer by targeting 14-3-3σ.
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Chen P, Wang L, Fan X, Ning X, Yu B, Ou C, Chen M. Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles in heart injury. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2263-2277. [PMID: 33500724 PMCID: PMC7797669 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale extracellular vesicles derived from endocytosis that are crucial to intercellular communication. EVs possess natural biocompatibility and stability that allow them to cross biological membranes and that protect them from degradation. Recent studies have shown that EVs-mediated crosstalk between different cell types in the heart could play important roles in the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis and the pathogenesis of heart diseases. In particular, EVs secreted by different types of stem cells exhibit cardioprotective effects. However, numerous studies have shown that intravenously injected EVs are quickly cleared by macrophages of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) and preferentially accumulate in MPS organs such as the liver, spleen, and lung. In this review, we discuss exosome biogenesis, the role of EVs in heart diseases, and challenges in delivering EVs to the heart. Furthermore, we extensively discuss the targeted delivery of EVs for treating ischemic heart disease. These understandings will aid in the development of effective treatment strategies for heart diseases.
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Ma YS, Yang XL, Xin R, Liu JB, Fu D. Power and promise of exosomes as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic vectors for liquid biopsy and cancer control. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188497. [PMID: 33370570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, microvesicles derived from the nuclear endosome and plasma membrane, can be released into the extracellular environment to act as mediators between the cell membrane and cytoplasmic proteins, lipids, or RNA. Exosomes are considered effective carriers of intercellular signals in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, because of their ability to efficiently transfer proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids between cellular compartments. Since the 2007 discovery that exosomes carry bioactive substances, exosomes have been intensively researched. In various physiological and pathological processes, exosomes play important biological roles by specifically combining with receptor cells and transmitting information. Their stable biological characteristics, diversity of contents, non-invasiveness path for introducing signaling molecules, and ability for rapid detection make exosomes a promising clinical diagnostic marker for potentially many pathological conditions, including cancers. Exosomes are not only considered biomarkers and prognostic disease factors, but also have potential as gene carriers and drug delivery vectors, and have important clinical significance and application potential in the fields of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shui Ma
- Department of Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Rui Xin
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ji-Bin Liu
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China
| | - Da Fu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Wang G, Lin F, Wan Q, Wu J, Luo M. Mechanisms of action of metformin and its regulatory effect on microRNAs related to angiogenesis. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105390. [PMID: 33352227 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is rapidly initiated in response to pathological conditions and is a key target for pharmaceutical intervention in various malignancies. Anti-angiogenic therapy has emerged as a potential and effective therapeutic strategy for treating cancer and cardiovascular-related diseases. Metformin, a first-line oral antidiabetic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), not only reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity and exerts cardioprotective effects but also shows benefits against cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and other diverse diseases and regulates angiogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNA molecules with a length of approximately 19-25 bases that are widely involved in controlling various human biological processes. A large number of miRNAs are involved in the regulation of cardiovascular cell function and angiogenesis, of which miR-21 not only regulates vascular cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis but also plays an important role in angiogenesis. The relationship between metformin and abnormal miRNA expression has gradually been revealed in the context of numerous diseases and has received increasing attention. This paper reviews the drug-target interactions and drug repositioning events of metformin that influences vascular cells and has benefits on angiogenesis-mediated effects. Furthermore, we use miR-21 as an example to explain the specific molecular mechanism underlying metformin-mediated regulation of the miRNA signaling pathway controlling angiogenesis and vascular protective effects. These findings may provide a new therapeutic target and theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fang Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nephropathy Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
| | - Mao Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Wang M, Xu H, Li Y, Cao C, Zhu H, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Pei G, Zhu F, Yang Q, Deng X, Zhou C, Guo Y, Wu J, Liao W, Yang J, Yao Y, Zeng R. Exogenous bone marrow derived-putative endothelial progenitor cells attenuate ischemia reperfusion-induced vascular injury and renal fibrosis in mice dependent on pericytes. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:12144-12157. [PMID: 33204334 PMCID: PMC7667688 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Capillaries are composed of endothelial cells and the surrounding mural cells, pericytes. Microvascular repair after injury involves not only the proliferation of endothelial cells but also pericyte-based vessel stabilization. Exogenous bone marrow derived-putative endothelial progenitor cells (b-pEPCs) have the potential for vascular repair; however, their effect on vascular structure stabilization and pericyte-related pathobiological outcomes in the injured kidney has not been fully examined. Methods: We applied ischemia-reperfusion (IR) to induce renal vascular injury and renal fibrosis in mice. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFR-β)-DTR-positive mice were generated to deplete pericytes, and exogenous b-pEPCs and the PDGFR-β ligand, PDGF chain B (PDGF-BB), were employed to explore the relationship among b-pEPCs, pericytes, vascular repair, and early renal fibrosis. Results: Administration of b-pEPCs reduced IR-induced pericyte-endothelial detachment, pericyte proliferation, and myofibroblast transition via a paracrine mode, which preserved not only vascular stabilization but also ameliorated IR-initiated renal fibrosis. PDGF-BB upregulated the expression of PDGFR-β, exacerbated vascular abnormality, and pericyte-myofibroblast transition, which were ameliorated by b-pEPCs administration. The exogenous b-pEPCs and their culture medium (CM) induced vascular injury protection, and renal fibrosis was blocked by selective deletion of pericytes. Conclusion: Exogenous b-pEPCs directly protect against IR-induced vascular injury and prevent renal fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of PDGFR-β-positive pericytes.
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