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Caffrey P, Hogan M, Song Y. New Glycosylated Polyene Macrolides: Refining the Ore from Genome Mining. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030334. [PMID: 35326797 PMCID: PMC8944477 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylated polyene macrolides include effective antifungal agents, such as pimaricin, nystatin, candicidin, and amphotericin B. For the treatment of systemic mycoses, amphotericin B has been described as a gold-standard antibiotic because of its potent activity against a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens, which do not readily become resistant. However, amphotericin B has severe toxic side effects, and the development of safer alternatives remains an important objective. One approach towards obtaining such compounds is to discover new related natural products. Advances in next-generation sequencing have delivered a wealth of microbial genome sequences containing polyene biosynthetic gene clusters. These typically encode a modular polyketide synthase that catalyzes the assembly of the aglycone core, a cytochrome P450 that oxidizes a methyl branch to a carboxyl group, and additional enzymes for synthesis and attachment of a single mycosamine sugar residue. In some cases, further P450s catalyze epoxide formation or hydroxylation within the macrolactone. Bioinformatic analyses have identified over 250 of these clusters. Some are predicted to encode potentially valuable new polyenes that have not been uncovered by traditional screening methods. Recent experimental studies have characterized polyenes with new polyketide backbones, previously unknown late oxygenations, and additional sugar residues that increase water-solubility and reduce hemolytic activity. Here we review these studies and assess how this new knowledge can help to prioritize silent polyene clusters for further investigation. This approach should improve the chances of discovering better antifungal antibiotics.
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Szczeblewski P, Górska J, Andrałojć W, Janke P, Wąsik K, Laskowski T. Iso-Partricin, an Aromatic Analogue of Amphotericin B: How Shining Light on Old Drugs Might Help Create New Ones. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1102. [PMID: 34572684 PMCID: PMC8470227 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Partricin is a heptaene macrolide antibiotic complex that exhibits exceptional antifungal activity, yet poor selective toxicity, in the pathogen/host system. It consists of two compounds, namely partricin A and B, and both of these molecules incorporate two cis-type bonds within their heptaenic chromophores: 28Z and 30Z. In this contribution, we have proven that partricins are susceptible to a chromophore-straightening photoisomerization process. The occurring 28Z→28E and 30Z→30E switches are irreversible in given conditions, and they are the only structural changes observed during the experiment. The obtained all-trans partricin's derivatives, namely iso-partricins A and B, exhibit very promising features, potentially resulting in the improvement of their selective toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Szczeblewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.S.); (J.G.); (P.J.); (K.W.)
| | - Justyna Górska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.S.); (J.G.); (P.J.); (K.W.)
| | - Witold Andrałojć
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zygmunta Noskowskiego Str. 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Patryk Janke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.S.); (J.G.); (P.J.); (K.W.)
| | - Karolina Wąsik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.S.); (J.G.); (P.J.); (K.W.)
| | - Tomasz Laskowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.S.); (J.G.); (P.J.); (K.W.)
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3
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Ipertrofan Revisited-The Proposal of the Complete Stereochemistry of Mepartricin A and B. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185533. [PMID: 34577003 PMCID: PMC8467382 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Being a methyl ester of partricin, the mepartricin complex is the active substance of a drug called Ipertrofan (Tricandil), which was proven to be useful in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Nevertheless, no direct structural evidence on the stereochemistry of its components has been presented to date. In this contribution, we have conducted detailed, NMR-driven stereochemical studies on mepartricins A and B, aided by molecular dynamics simulations. The absolute configuration of all the stereogenic centers of mepartricin A and B was defined as 3R, 7R, 9R, 11S, 13S, 15R, 17S, 18R, 19S, 21R, 36S, 37R, and 38S, and proposed as 41R. The geometry of the heptaenic chromophore of both compounds has been established as 22E, 24E, 26E, 28Z, 30Z, 32E, and 34E. Our studies on mepartricin ultimately proved that partricins A and B are structurally identical to the previously described main components of the aureofacin complex: gedamycin and vacidin, respectively. The knowledge of the stereochemistry of this drug is a fundamental matter not only in terms of studies on its molecular mode of action, but also for potential derivatization, aiming at improvement of its pharmacological properties.
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Borzyszkowska-Bukowska J, Szczeblewski P, Konkol A, Grynda J, Szwarc-Karabyka K, Laskowski T. The complete stereochemistry of the antibiotic candicidin A3 (syn. ascosin A3, levorin A3). Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:2869-2879. [PMID: 30961366 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1596095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the stereostructure of the aromatic heptaene macrolide (AHM) antifungal antibiotic candicidin A3 (syn. ascosin A3, levorin A3) has been established upon the 2D NMR studies, consisting of DQF-COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC and HMBC experiments, as well as upon extensive molecular dynamics simulations. The geometry of the heptaenic chromophore was defined as: (22E, 24E, 26Z, 28Z, 30E, 32E, 34E). The previously unreported absolute configuration of the chiral centres of candicidin A3 was established as: (3R, 9R, 11S, 13S, 15R, 17S, 18R, 19S, 21R, 36S, 37R, 38S, 40S, 41S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Borzyszkowska-Bukowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Szczeblewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Konkol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jakub Grynda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szwarc-Karabyka
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Laskowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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5
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Laskowski T, Szwarc K, Szczeblewski P, Sowiński P, Borowski E, Pawlak J. Monosaccharides as Potential Chiral Probes for the Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Secondary Alcohols. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2797-2804. [PMID: 27782397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a new method for the elucidation of the absolute configuration of chiral secondary alcohols is proposed. This method is an alternative for a widely used approach reported by Mosher and Dale and similar methods that are based on the 1H NMR shift (δ) changes of protons that are attached to the substituents of the oxymethine carbon atom. The presented method is not based on tracking the chemical shift changes and utilizes stereochemically defined monosaccharides as chiral probes. A secondary alcohol is glycosylated, and the resulting glycoside is subjected to NMR studies. The observation of dipolar couplings between the protons of the monosaccharide moiety and the protons of the secondary alcohol moiety via the NOESY/ROESY spectra enables the determination of the absolute configuration of the oxymethine carbon atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Laskowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szwarc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Szczeblewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowiński
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Edward Borowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Pawlak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology , Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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6
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Elshahawi SI, Shaaban KA, Kharel MK, Thorson JS. A comprehensive review of glycosylated bacterial natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:7591-697. [PMID: 25735878 PMCID: PMC4560691 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of all naturally-occurring glycosylated bacterial secondary metabolites reported in the scientific literature up through early 2013 is presented. This comprehensive analysis of 15 940 bacterial natural products revealed 3426 glycosides containing 344 distinct appended carbohydrates and highlights a range of unique opportunities for future biosynthetic study and glycodiversification efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif I Elshahawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. and Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Khaled A Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. and Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Madan K Kharel
- School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA
| | - Jon S Thorson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. and Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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7
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Szwarc K, Szczeblewski P, Sowiński P, Borowski E, Pawlak J. The structure, including stereochemistry, of levorin A1. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:479-484. [PMID: 25773336 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szwarc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Szczeblewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowiński
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Edward Borowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Pawlak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
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8
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Szwarc K, Szczeblewski P, Sowiński P, Borowski E, Pawlak J. The stereostructure of candicidin D. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 68:504-10. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Kramer R, Brückner R. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Cn-Cn+6Building Block for the Unnatural Enantiomers of Important Polyol,Polyene Antibiotics from an Epoxy Alcohol by a Reduction/Conjugate Addition/Hydroxylation Sequence. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Nachbauer L, Brückner R. Synthesis of a Cn-Cn+6Building Block Common to Important Polyol,Polyene Antibiotics from a Divinylcarbinol by a Desymmetrizing Sharpless Epoxidation. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Kamptmann SB, Brückner R. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Cn-Cn+7Building Block (“Eastern Moiety”) for the Unnatural Enantiomers of Important Polyol,Polyene Antibiotics Based on a Ring-Closing Metathesis and an Aldol Addition of a Lactone Enolate. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Płosiński M, Laskowski T, Sowiński P, Pawlak J. Stereostructure of mycoheptin A(2). MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2012; 50:818-822. [PMID: 23081829 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.3890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The absolute configurations of all the stereogenic centers of the antibiotic mycoheptin A(2) were established upon previously elaborated general procedure, consisting of DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HSQC and HMBC experiments as major tools. The structure of mycoheptin A(2) without stereochemistry of its aglycone has been reported before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Płosiński
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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13
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Converting a Birch Reduction Product into a Polyketide: Application to the Synthesis of a C1-C11Building Block of Rimocidin. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Ulrych A, Derrick PJ, Adamek F, Novák P, Lemr K, Havlicek V. Dissociation of nystatin and amphotericin analogues: characterisation of minor anti-fungal macrolides. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2010; 16:73-80. [PMID: 20065516 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) has been the basis for rationalizing the fragmentation mechanisms of anti-fungal macrolides nystatin A(1), amphotericin B and pimaricin. The positive ion mass spectra were not informative, however, the dissociation of deprotonated molecules led to structurally significant ring-opened fragments. Using this approach of tandem FT-ICR mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation coupled with high-performance liquid -chromatography (HPLC), 11 macrolide natural analogues or degradation products were characterised in the nystatin mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Ulrych
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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15
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Smith AB, Foley MA, Dong S, Orbin A. (+)-Rimocidin synthetic studies: construction of the C(1-27) aglycone skeleton. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5987-6001. [PMID: 19621880 PMCID: PMC2891182 DOI: 10.1021/jo900765p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Assembly of the C(1-27) macrocyclic skeleton of rimocidinolide, the aglycone of (+)-rimocidin (1), has been achieved in convergent fashion. Key features of the synthetic strategy entail application of multicomponent Type I Anion Relay Chemistry (ARC), in conjunction with the S(N)2/S(N)2' reaction manifolds of vinyl epoxides, both employing 2-substituted 1,3-dithianes to construct the C(1-19) carbon backbone. Yamaguchi union of a C(20-27) vinyl borate ester, possessing the all-trans triene, with an advanced C(1-19) vinyl iodide followed by macrocyclization via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling completed construction of the C(1-27) rimocidinolide skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Monell Chemical Senses Center and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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16
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Power P, Dunne T, Murphy B, Nic Lochlainn L, Rai D, Borissow C, Rawlings B, Caffrey P. Engineered synthesis of 7-oxo- and 15-deoxy-15-oxo-amphotericins: insights into structure-activity relationships in polyene antibiotics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 15:78-86. [PMID: 18215775 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Site-directed mutagenesis and gene replacement were used to inactivate two ketoreductase (KR) domains within the amphotericin polyketide synthase in Streptomyces nodosus. The KR12 domain was inactivated in the DeltaamphNM strain, which produces 16-descarboxyl-16-methyl-amphotericins. The resulting mutant produced low levels of the expected 15-deoxy-15-oxo analogs that retained antifungal activity. These compounds can be useful for further chemical modification. Inactivation of the KR16 domain in the wild-type strain led to production of 7-oxo-amphotericin A and 7-oxo-amphotericin B in good yield. 7-oxo-amphotericin B was isolated, purified, and characterized as the N-acetyl methyl ester derivative. 7-oxo-amphotericin B had good antifungal activity and was less hemolytic than amphotericin B. These results indicate that modification at the C-7 position can improve the therapeutic index of amphotericin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Power
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science and Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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17
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Seroka P, Płosiński M, Czub J, Sowiński P, Pawlak J. Monosaccharides as internal probes for the determination of the absolute configuration of 2-butanol. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2006; 44:132-8. [PMID: 16358294 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
D-Glucose, D-mannose and L-rhamnose were reacted with a racemic mixture of 2-butanol, and the resulting alpha-glycosides were analyzed by 1H NMR with COSY and NOESY experiments. Conformational analysis of alpha-glycosidic bonds performed with molecular modeling and appropriate heteronuclear long-range coupling measurements and combined with analysis of dipolar couplings observed in NOESY spectra allowed the assignment of absolute configuration in the aglycones of elucidated alpha-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Seroka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
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18
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Kadota I, Hu Y, Packard GK, Rychnovsky SD. A unified approach to polyene macrolides: synthesis of candidin and nystatin polyols. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:11992-5. [PMID: 15192147 PMCID: PMC514422 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0401552101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyene macrolide antibiotics are naturally occurring antifungal agents. Members of this class include amphotericin B, which has been used widely to treat systemic fungal infections. A general synthetic strategy has been devised to prepare polyol chains associated with the polyene macrolides. Cyanohydrin acetonide alkylations were used to assemble the carbon skeleton, and a simple modification of the strategy allowed an advanced intermediate to be converted to either the candidin polyol or the nystatin polyol. The candidin polyol was further elaborated to a protected candidin aglycone. This strategy will be applicable to other members of the polyene macrolide natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA
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19
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Volpon L, Lancelin JM. Solution NMR structure of five representative glycosylated polyene macrolide antibiotics with a sterol-dependent antifungal activity. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2002; 269:4533-41. [PMID: 12230565 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylated polyene macrolide antibiotics, as nystatins and amphotericins, are amphiphilic structures known to exert antifungal activity by disrupting the fungal cell membrane, leading to leakage of cellular materials, and cell death. This membrane disruption is strongly influenced by the presence and the exact nature of the membrane sterols. The solution structures of five representative glycosylated members, three tetraenes (pimaricin, nystatin A1 and rimocidin) and two heptaenes (candidin and vacidin A) have been calculated using geometric restraints derived from 1H-NMR data and random searches of their conformational space. Despite a different apparent structural order, the NMR solutions structure indicate that the hydroxyl groups all clustered on one side of the rod-shaped structures, and the glycosyl moieties are structurally conserved both in their conformation and their apparent order. The molecular structures afford an understanding of their selective interaction with the membrane sterols and the design of new polyene macrolides with improved activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Volpon
- Laboratoire de RMN Biomoléculaire associé au CNRS, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 and Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Physique & Electronique de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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20
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Abstract
The CD exciton chirality method was applied to determine the absolute stereochemistry of the strevertenes, antifungal pentaene macrolides produced by Streptoverticillium sp. LL-30F848. The CD difference spectrum of strevertene A methyl ester 15-dimethylaminobenzoate showed a positive couplet between the dimethylaminobenzoate and the pentaene chromophores, and therefore established the 15R configuration. Thus, by considering the relative configurations of the remaining stereogenic centers as derived from X-ray crystallography and ROESY experiments, the absolute stereochemistry of the strevertenes is established as 2R, 3S, 5S, 7S, 11R, 13R, 14R, 15R, 26S and 27R.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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21
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Mori Y, Sawada T, Sasaki N, Furukawa H. A Simple Strategy for Determining the Absolute Configurations of Acyclic 1,2,4,6,8-Pentols. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9523505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mori
- Contribution from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 468, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sawada
- Contribution from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 468, Japan
| | - Natsue Sasaki
- Contribution from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 468, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furukawa
- Contribution from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 468, Japan
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Rychnovsky SD, Richardson TT. Relative und absolute Konfiguration von Filipin III. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19951071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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