1
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Kim YS, Jang KS, Choi JS. Culture optimization of Streptomyces sp. KRA16-334 for increased yield of new herbicide 334-W4. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301104. [PMID: 38593133 PMCID: PMC11003667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate actinomycetes that exhibit strong herbicidal activity, identify compounds active against weeds, and researching methods to improve the production of these compounds through culture optimization to establish a foundation for the development of environmentally friendly bioherbicides. 334-W4, one of the herbicidal active substances isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. KRA16-334, exhibited herbicidal activity against various weeds. The molecular formula of 334-W4 was determined to be C16H26N2O6, based on ESI-MS (m/z) and 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. It had molecular weight 365.1689 [M+Na] and 343.1869 [M+H], indicating the presence of the epoxy-β-aminoketone moiety based on HMBC correlations. Additionally, selective culture was possible depending on the addition of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) during culture with GSS medium. Experiments confirmed that exposure of the KRA16-334 strain to UV irradiation (254 nm, height 17 cm) for 45 seconds improved the yield of the active substance (334-W4) by over 200%. As a result of examining yields of active materials of four mutants selected through optimization of culture conditions such as temperature, agitation, and initial pH, the yield of one mutant 0723-8 was 264.7 ± 12.82 mg/L, which was 2.8-fold higher than that of wild-type KRA16-334 at 92.8 ± 5.48 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sook Kim
- Eco-friendly and New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Soo Jang
- Eco-friendly and New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung Sup Choi
- Eco-friendly and New Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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2
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Corless BC, Geißen R, Prescott NA, David Y, Scheinberg DA, Tan DS. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Novel Cytotoxic Epoxyketones Using the Eponemycin Biosynthetic Enzyme EpnF. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1360-1367. [PMID: 37172287 PMCID: PMC10358350 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Eponemycin is an α,β-epoxyketone natural product that inhibits the proteasome via covalent interaction of the epoxyketone warhead with catalytic N-terminal threonine residues. The epoxyketone warhead is biosynthesized from a β-ketoacid substrate by EpnF, a recently identified flavin-dependent acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-like enyzme. Herein, we report biochemical characterization of EpnF kinetics and substrate scope using a series of synthetic β-ketoacid substrates. These studies indicate that epoxide formation likely occurs prior to other tailoring reactions in the biosynthetic pathway, and have led to the identification of novel epoxyketone analogues with potent anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broderick C Corless
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate College of Medical Sciences
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute
| | - Raphael Geißen
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Master of Biochemistry Program, Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute
| | - Nicholas A Prescott
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology
| | - Yael David
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate College of Medical Sciences
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate College of Medical Sciences
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital
| | - Derek S Tan
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate College of Medical Sciences
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology
- Tri-Institutional Research Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
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3
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Huang C, Zabala D, de los Santos ELC, Song L, Corre C, Alkhalaf L, Challis G. Parallelized gene cluster editing illuminates mechanisms of epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor biosynthesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:1488-1499. [PMID: 36718812 PMCID: PMC9943649 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in DNA sequencing technology and bioinformatics have revealed the enormous potential of microbes to produce structurally complex specialized metabolites with diverse uses in medicine and agriculture. However, these molecules typically require structural modification to optimize them for application, which can be difficult using synthetic chemistry. Bioengineering offers a complementary approach to structural modification but is often hampered by genetic intractability and requires a thorough understanding of biosynthetic gene function. Expression of specialized metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in heterologous hosts can surmount these problems. However, current approaches to BGC cloning and manipulation are inefficient, lack fidelity, and can be prohibitively expensive. Here, we report a yeast-based platform that exploits transformation-associated recombination (TAR) for high efficiency capture and parallelized manipulation of BGCs. As a proof of concept, we clone, heterologously express and genetically analyze BGCs for the structurally related nonribosomal peptides eponemycin and TMC-86A, clarifying remaining ambiguities in the biosynthesis of these important proteasome inhibitors. Our results show that the eponemycin BGC also directs the production of TMC-86A and reveal contrasting mechanisms for initiating the assembly of these two metabolites. Moreover, our data shed light on the mechanisms for biosynthesis and incorporation of 4,5-dehydro-l-leucine (dhL), an unusual nonproteinogenic amino acid incorporated into both TMC-86A and eponemycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Huang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Chuan Huang. Tel: +61 03 9905 1750;
| | - Daniel Zabala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Emmanuel L C de los Santos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Lijiang Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Christophe Corre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Lona M Alkhalaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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4
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Hubbell GE, Tepe JJ. Natural product scaffolds as inspiration for the design and synthesis of 20S human proteasome inhibitors. RSC Chem Biol 2020; 1:305-332. [PMID: 33791679 PMCID: PMC8009326 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00111b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 20S proteasome is a valuable target for the treatment of a number of diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and parasitic infection. In an effort to discover novel inhibitors of the 20S proteasome, many reseaarchers have looked to natural products as potential leads for drug discovery. The following review discusses the efforts made in the field to isolate and identify natural products as inhibitors of the proteasome. In addition, we describe some of the modifications made to natural products in order to discover more potent and selective inhibitors for potential disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E. Hubbell
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA
| | - Jetze J. Tepe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48823USA
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5
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Li W, Wang Y, Xu D. Asymmetric synthesis of β-amino ketones by using cinchona alkaloid-based chiral phase transfer catalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:8704-8709. [PMID: 30411772 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective nucleophilic addition of ketones to imines catalyzed by chiral phase-transfer catalysts (N-quaternised cinchona alkaloid ammonium salts) has been developed, and the process affords the Mannich reaction products with tertiary stereocenters in good to high yields (up to 95%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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6
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Zabala D, Cartwright JW, Roberts DM, Law BJC, Song L, Samborskyy M, Leadlay PF, Micklefield J, Challis GL. A Flavin-Dependent Decarboxylase–Dehydrogenase–Monooxygenase Assembles the Warhead of α,β-Epoxyketone Proteasome Inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4342-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zabala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | | | | | - Brian J. C. Law
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Lijiang Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | | | - Peter F. Leadlay
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K
| | - Jason Micklefield
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
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7
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Momose I, Kawada M. The therapeutic potential of microbial proteasome inhibitors. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 37:23-30. [PMID: 26589840 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The proteasome influences cellular homeostasis through the degradation of regulatory proteins, many of which are also involved in disease pathogenesis. In particular, numerous regulatory proteins associated with tumor growth, such as cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, tumor suppressors, and NF-κB inhibitors are degraded by the proteasome. Proteasome inhibitors can stabilize these regulatory proteins, resulting in the suppression of tumor development and the regulation of immune responses. Thus, proteasome inhibitors are promising candidate antitumor agents and immune-regulatory agents. Bortezomib is the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Despite its high efficiency, however, a large proportion of patients do not attain sufficient clinical response due to toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, the development of new proteasome inhibitors with improved pharmacological properties is needed. Natural products produced by microorganisms are a promising source of such compounds. This review provides an overview of proteasome inhibitors produced by microorganisms, with special focus on inhibitors isolated from actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Momose
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan.
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
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8
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Liu J, Zhu X, Zhang W. Identifying the Minimal Enzymes Required for Biosynthesis of Epoxyketone Proteasome Inhibitors. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2585-9. [PMID: 26477320 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyketone proteasome inhibitors have attracted much interest due to their potential as anticancer drugs. Although the biosynthetic gene clusters for several peptidyl epoxyketone natural products have recently been identified, the enzymatic logic involved in the formation of the terminal epoxyketone pharmacophore has been relatively unexplored. Here, we report the identification of the minimal set of enzymes from the eponemycin gene cluster necessary for the biosynthesis of novel metabolites containing a terminal epoxyketone pharmacophore in Escherichia coli, a versatile and fast-growing heterologous host. This set of enzymes includes a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), a polyketide synthase (PKS), and an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD) homologue. In addition to the in vivo functional reconstitution of these enzymes in E. coli, in vitro studies of the eponemycin NRPS and (13) C-labeled precursor feeding experiments were performed to advance the mechanistic understanding of terminal epoxyketone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Xuejun Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA. .,Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA.
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9
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Keller L, Plaza A, Dubiella C, Groll M, Kaiser M, Müller R. Macyranones: Structure, Biosynthesis, and Binding Mode of an Unprecedented Epoxyketone that Targets the 20S Proteasome. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:8121-30. [PMID: 26050527 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In our screening efforts to identify unique scaffolds from myxobacteria for the drug discovery process, we used LC-SPE-NMR-MS techniques to isolate six linear peptides, termed macyranone A-F, from Cystobacter fuscus MCy9118. The macyranones are characterized by a rare 2-methylmalonamide moiety and an α-amino ketone fragment including an α',β'-epoxyketone in macyranone A. Gene disruption experiments confirmed the biosynthetic gene cluster of the macyranones as PKS/NRPS hybrid. Detailed in silico and phylogenetic analysis unraveled that the biosynthesis involves two conspicuous amide bond formations accomplished by an amidotransferase and a unique condensation domain. The gene cluster provides further insights into the formation of the powerful epoxyketone residue involving an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and an unconventional free-standing thioesterase. Macyranone A was found to inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of the yeast 20S proteasome with an IC50 of 5.9 nM and the human constitutive proteasome and immunoproteasome with IC50 values of 21 and 15 nM, respectively. The β5 subunit of the 20S proteasome was characterized as target by X-ray crystallography revealing an irreversible binding mode similar to the natural product epoxomicin. The presence of the methylmalonamide residue facilitates the stabilization of macyranone A with the active β5 subunit of the proteasome. Macyranone A exhibits a potent inhibitory effect against the parasites Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani with IC50 values of 1.55 and 0.22 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Keller
- †Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,∥German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Alberto Plaza
- †Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,∥German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Christian Dubiella
- ⊥Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Groll
- ⊥Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- §Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Socinstraße 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.,‡University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Müller
- †Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,∥German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover-Braunschweig 38124, Germany
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10
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Beck J, Guminski Y, Long C, Marcourt L, Derguini F, Plisson F, Grondin A, Vandenberghe I, Vispé S, Brel V, Aussagues Y, Ausseil F, Arimondo PB, Massiot G, Sautel F, Cantagrel F. Semisynthetic neoboutomellerone derivatives as ubiquitin-proteasome pathway inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:819-31. [PMID: 22206869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interesting pharmacological properties of neoboutomellerones 1 and 2 were the basis for the assembly of a small library of analogues consisting of natural products isolated from the plant Neoboutonia melleri and of semisynthetic derivatives. As the two enone systems (C23-C24a and C1-C3) and the two hydroxyls groups (C22 and C26) of neoboutomellerones are required for activity, modifications were focused on these functional groups. Biological evaluation by using a cellular assay for proteasome activity provided clues regarding the mechanism of action of these natural products and synthetic derivatives. Certain neoboutomellerone derivatives inhibited the proliferation of human WM-266-4 melanoma tumor cells at submicromolar concentration and warrant evaluation as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joséphine Beck
- USR CNRS-Pierre Fabre No. 3388 ETaC, Centre de Recherche et Développement Pierre Fabre, 3 Avenue Hubert Curien, 31035 Toulouse Cedex 01, France
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11
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Gräwert MA, Groll M. Exploiting nature's rich source of proteasome inhibitors as starting points in drug development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 48:1364-78. [PMID: 22039589 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the No. 2 cause of death in the Western world and one of the most expensive diseases to treat. Thus, it is not surprising, that every major pharmaceutical and biotechnology company has a blockbuster oncology product. In 2003, Millennium Pharmaceuticals entered the race with Velcade®, a first-in-class proteasome inhibitor that has been approved by the FDA for treatment of multiple myeloma and its sales have passed the billion dollar mark. Velcade®'s extremely toxic boronic acid pharmacophore, however, contributes to a number of severe side effects. Nevertheless, the launching of this product has validated the proteasome as a target in fighting cancer and further proteasome inhibitors have entered the market as anti-cancer drugs. Additionally, proteasome inhibitors have found application as crop protection agents, anti-parasitics, immunosuppressives, as well as in new therapies for muscular dystrophies and inflammation. Many of these compounds are based on microbial metabolites. In this review, we emphasize the important role of the structural elucidation of the various unique binding mechanisms of these compounds that have been optimized throughout evolution to target the proteasome. Based on this knowledge, medicinal chemists have further optimized these natural products, resulting in potential drugs with reduced off-target activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ann Gräwert
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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12
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Rodriguez-Nava V, Zoropoguy A, Laurent F, Blaha D, Couble A, Mouniée D, Boiron P. La nocardiose, une maladie en expansion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antib.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Kim KB, Crews CM. Chemical genetics: exploring the role of the proteasome in cell biology using natural products and other small molecule proteasome inhibitors. J Med Chem 2008; 51:2600-5. [PMID: 18393403 PMCID: PMC2556560 DOI: 10.1021/jm070421s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 725 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0082, USA.
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14
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Borissenko L, Groll M. 20S proteasome and its inhibitors: crystallographic knowledge for drug development. Chem Rev 2007; 107:687-717. [PMID: 17316053 DOI: 10.1021/cr0502504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ljudmila Borissenko
- Charité (CCM), Institut für Biochemie, AG Strukturforschung, Monbijoustrasse 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Stadler M, Bitzer J, Mayer-Bartschmid A, Müller H, Benet-Buchholz J, Gantner F, Tichy HV, Reinemer P, Bacon KB. Cinnabaramides A-G: analogues of lactacystin and salinosporamide from a terrestrial streptomycete. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:246-52. [PMID: 17249727 DOI: 10.1021/np060162u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The cinnabaramides A-G (1-7) were isolated from a terrestrial strain of Streptomyces as potent and selective inhibitors of the human 20S proteasome. Their chemical and biological properties resemble those of salinosporamide A, a recently identified lead compound from an obligate marine actinomycete, which is currently under development as an anticancer agent. Cinnabaramides F and G (6, 7) combine essential structural features of salinosporamide A and lactacystin and show about equal potency in vitro, with IC50 values in the 1 nM range. The properties and phylogenetic position of the producer organism, the production and isolation of compounds 1-7, their structure elucidation by MS and NMR, and their biological activities are reported. Additionally, an X-ray crystal structure was obtained from cinnabaramide A (1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Stadler
- InterMed Discovery GmbH (IMD), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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16
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Barry DP, Beaman BL. Nocardia asteroides strain GUH-2 induces proteasome inhibition and apoptotic death of cultured cells. Res Microbiol 2006; 158:86-96. [PMID: 17258894 PMCID: PMC1831872 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Many bacterial pathogens have the ability to induce apoptosis in their hosts. It was previously shown that Nocardia asteroides strain GUH-2, a Gram-positive facultatively intracellular pathogen, is capable of inducing the apoptotic death of dopaminergic cells in the murine brain and in PC12 cells, a rat cell line. In this study, the apoptosis-inducing potential of N. asteroides GUH-2 was further explored using HeLa cells, a human epithelial cell line. HeLa cells were incubated for 5h with live nocardiae, heat-killed bacteria, or unconcentrated nocardial culture filtrate, and changes to the cells were monitored. Consistent with the previous studies, N. asteroides GUH-2 induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Caspase activation and disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential were also investigated to determine their roles in the induction of cell death. In all these experiments, significant changes were only induced by live nocardiae. A recent publication demonstrated that systemic administration of proteasome inhibitors can induce a Parkinsonian syndrome in rats that includes intraneuronal inclusions and characteristic behavioral alterations. Similar effects have been observed in mice and monkeys infected with N. asteroides GUH-2. In addition, some reports have shown that proteasome inhibition causes apoptotic death of affected cells. We therefore investigated the ability of N. asteroides GUH-2 to inhibit proteasome activity. Proteasome activity was significantly reduced, suggesting that this mechanism may be involved in the induction of apoptosis by these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Barry
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Blaine L. Beaman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
- * Correspondence and reprints:
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17
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Abstract
Although many proteasome inhibitors have been either synthesized or identified from natural sources, the development of more sophisticated, selective proteasome inhibitors is important for a detailed understanding of proteasome function. We have found that antitumor natural product epoxomicin and eponemycin, both of which are linear peptides containing a alpha,beta-epoxyketone pharmacophore, target proteasome for their antitumor activity. Structural studies of the proteasome-epoxomicin complex revealed that the unique specificity of the natural product toward proteasome is due to the alpha,beta-epoxyketone pharmacophore, which forms an unusual six-membered morpholino ring with the amino terminal catalytic Thr-1 of the 20S proteasome. Thus, we believe that a facile synthetic approach for alpha,beta-epoxyketone linear peptides provides a unique opportunity to develop proteasome inhibitors with novel activities. In this chapter, we discuss the detailed synthetic procedure of the alpha',beta'-epoxyketone natural product epoxomicin and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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18
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Powers JC, Asgian JL, Ekici OD, James KE. Irreversible inhibitors of serine, cysteine, and threonine proteases. Chem Rev 2002; 102:4639-750. [PMID: 12475205 DOI: 10.1021/cr010182v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 816] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James C Powers
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA.
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Abstract
As the dominant protease dedicated to protein turnover, the proteasome shapes the cellular protein repertoire. Our knowledge of proteasome regulation and activity has improved considerably over the past decade. Novel inhibitors, in particular, have helped to advance our understanding of proteasome biology. They range from small peptide-based structures that can be modified to vary target specificity, to large macromolecular inhibitors that include proteins. While these reagents have played an important role in establishing our current knowledge of the proteasome's catalytic mechanism, many questions remain. Rapid advances in the synthesis and identification of new classes of proteasome inhibitors over the last 10 years serve as a positive indicator that many of these questions will soon be resolved. The future lies in designing compounds that can function as drugs to target processes involved in disease progression. It may only be a short while before the products of such research have safe application in a practical setting. Structural and combinatorial chemistry approaches are powerful techniques that will bring us closer to these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bogyo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, USA
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Suzuki SI, Okuda T, Komatsubara S. Selective isolation and study on the global distribution of the genus Planobispora in soils. Can J Microbiol 2001. [DOI: 10.1139/w01-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Planobispora strains, including the type strain, produced abundant sporangia on humic acid vitamin gellan gum medium when more than 50 colonies grew on a plate. However, these strains did not produce sporangia on the aerial mycelium, a diagnostic characteristic of this genus, when fewer than 20 colonies grew on a plate. Trace salts, such as FeSO4·7H2O, MnCl2·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, and NiSO4·6H2O, stimulated sporangium formation of Planobispora strains. Better sporangium formation of Planobispora strains was observed on the humic acid trace salts gellan gum medium at pH 9.0 than at neutral pH. Moreover, an alkaline medium repressed the growth of three out of six Streptomyces strains so that this condition was effective for selective isolation of Planobispora strains. An alkaline flooding solution of skim milk, five antimicrobial agents, and dry heat treatment at 90°C for 60 min were effective for selective isolation. Using these techniques, we examined the distribution of Planobispora strains by using 1467 soil samples collected from Japan and other parts of the world. One hundred and nineteen Planobispora strains were isolated from 51 soil samples (3.5% of the samples tested) that were collected in Ecuador, Egypt, French Guiana, India, and Madagascar. Planobispora strains were recovered only in tropical and subtropical soils. To our knowledge, this is the first record that Planobispora strains have been isolated from locations other than Venezuela, Namibia, or South Africa.Key words: Planobispora, gellan gum, selective isolation, actinomycete, distribution.
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Iwabuchi Y, Sugihara T, Esumi T, Hatakeyama S. An enantio- and stereocontrolled route to epopromycin B via cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed Baylis–Hillman reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Inoue M, Furuyama H, Sakazaki H, Hirama M. Stereocontrolled synthesis of the northern part of potent proteasome inhibitor TMC-95A. Org Lett 2001; 3:2863-5. [PMID: 11529776 DOI: 10.1021/ol016303v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. A protected version of the northern part of TMC-95A, a potent and selective proteasome inhibitor, was synthesized with full stereochemical control. Highlights of this synthesis include (i) a (Z)-selective Mizoroki-Heck reaction to construct the oxyindole portion, (ii) a diastereoselective epoxidation, (iii) a 6-endo selective epoxide opening by Boc carbonyl group to establish the stereochemistry of C6, and (iv) a 1,3-elimination reaction of the L-allo-threonine derivative under Mitsunobu conditions to afford the (Z)-1-propenylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Suzuki SI, Okuda T, Komatsubara S. Selective isolation and distribution of the genus Planomonospora in soils. Can J Microbiol 2001; 47:253-63. [PMID: 11315116 DOI: 10.1139/w01-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For the screening of bioactive compounds and study of global distribution, a selective isolation method for Planomonospora strains by centrifugation from soil is examined. Planomonospora strains produced characteristic sporangia on the humic acid-trace salts gellan gum medium (pH 9.0) so that this genus was readily recognized on the isolation plate. High yields of motile spores were obtained by using a flooding solution containing 0.1% skim milk in 5 mM N-cyclohexyl-2-amino-ethanesulfonic acid (pH 9.0) followed by incubating the preparation at 32 degreesC for 90 min, centrifuging it at 1000 x g for 10 min, and further incubation at 32 degreesC for 60 min after centrifugation. By combining the techniques described above, we isolated 246 Planomonospora strains from 137 of the 1200 soil samples examined. Ninety-four percent of these strains were recovered from neutral to slightly alkaline soils (pH 7.0 to 9.0). Strains of P. venezuelensis group were obtained from 13 soil samples (1.1%), which were collected in Bolivia, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, India, Japan, New Caledonia, and Turkey. Strains of this group appear widely distributed in the soil of tropical to temperate regions. To our knowledge, this is the first record that strains of this group have been isolated from a location other than Venezuela.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Suzuki
- Basic Technology Department, Tanabe Seiyaku Co. Ltd., Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan.
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Establishment and Use of Gellan Gum Media for Selective Isolation and Distribution Survey of Specific Rare Actinomycetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.3209/saj.15_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Dobler MR. Total synthesis of (+)-epopromycin B and its analogues—studies on the inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Selective Isolation and Distribution of Actinomadura rugatobispora Strains in Soil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.3209/saj.14_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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