1
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Godbole S, Voß H, Gocke A, Schlumbohm S, Schumann Y, Peng B, Mynarek M, Rutkowski S, Dottermusch M, Dorostkar MM, Korshunov A, Mair T, Pfister SM, Kwiatkowski M, Hotze M, Neumann P, Hartmann C, Weis J, Liesche-Starnecker F, Guan Y, Moritz M, Siebels B, Struve N, Schlüter H, Schüller U, Krisp C, Neumann JE. Multiomic profiling of medulloblastoma reveals subtype-specific targetable alterations at the proteome and N-glycan level. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6237. [PMID: 39043693 PMCID: PMC11266559 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50554-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastomas (MBs) are malignant pediatric brain tumors that are molecularly and clinically heterogenous. The application of omics technologies-mainly studying nucleic acids-has significantly improved MB classification and stratification, but treatment options are still unsatisfactory. The proteome and their N-glycans hold the potential to discover clinically relevant phenotypes and targetable pathways. We compile a harmonized proteome dataset of 167 MBs and integrate findings with DNA methylome, transcriptome and N-glycome data. We show six proteome MB subtypes, that can be assigned to two main molecular programs: transcription/translation (pSHHt, pWNT and pG3myc), and synapses/immunological processes (pSHHs, pG3 and pG4). Multiomic analysis reveals different conservation levels of proteome features across MB subtypes at the DNA methylome level. Aggressive pGroup3myc MBs and favorable pWNT MBs are most similar in cluster hierarchies concerning overall proteome patterns but show different protein abundances of the vincristine resistance-associated multiprotein complex TriC/CCT and of N-glycan turnover-associated factors. The N-glycome reflects proteome subtypes and complex-bisecting N-glycans characterize pGroup3myc tumors. Our results shed light on targetable alterations in MB and set a foundation for potential immunotherapies targeting glycan structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Godbole
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Voß
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Gocke
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Schlumbohm
- Chair for High Performance Computing, Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yannis Schumann
- Chair for High Performance Computing, Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bojia Peng
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Mynarek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rutkowski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Dottermusch
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mario M Dorostkar
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey Korshunov
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Mair
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center at the NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Madlen Hotze
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Neumann
- Chair for High Performance Computing, Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hartmann
- Department of Neuropathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Yudong Guan
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Moritz
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bente Siebels
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nina Struve
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy & Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Section of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia E Neumann
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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2
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Besedina E, Supek F. Copy number losses of oncogenes and gains of tumor suppressor genes generate common driver mutations. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6139. [PMID: 39033140 PMCID: PMC11271286 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer driver genes can undergo positive selection for various types of genetic alterations, including gain-of-function or loss-of-function mutations and copy number alterations (CNA). We investigated the landscape of different types of alterations affecting driver genes in 17,644 cancer exomes and genomes. We find that oncogenes may simultaneously exhibit signatures of positive selection and also negative selection in different gene segments, suggesting a method to identify additional tumor types where an oncogene is a driver or a vulnerability. Next, we characterize the landscape of CNA-dependent selection effects, revealing a general trend of increased positive selection on oncogene mutations not only upon CNA gains but also upon CNA deletions. Similarly, we observe a positive interaction between mutations and CNA gains in tumor suppressor genes. Thus, two-hit events involving point mutations and CNA are universally observed regardless of the type of CNA and may signal new therapeutic opportunities. An analysis with focus on the somatic CNA two-hit events can help identify additional driver genes relevant to a tumor type. By a global inference of point mutation and CNA selection signatures and interactions thereof across genes and tissues, we identify 9 evolutionary archetypes of driver genes, representing different mechanisms of (in)activation by genetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Besedina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fran Supek
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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Xu Z, Jiang W, Liu L, Qiu Y, Wang J, Dai S, Guo J, Xu J. Dual-loss of PBRM1 and RAD51 identifies hyper-sensitive subset patients to immunotherapy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:95. [PMID: 38607586 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), though largely uncharacterized in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), was found associated with RAD51 loss of expression. PBRM1 is the second most common mutated genes in ccRCC. Here, we introduce a HRD function-based PBRM1-RAD51 ccRCC classification endowed with diverse immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) responses. METHODS Totally 1542 patients from four independent cohorts were enrolled, including our localized Zhongshan hospital (ZSHS) cohort and Zhongshan hospital metastatic RCC (ZSHS-mRCC) cohort, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and CheckMate cohort. The genomic profile and immune microenvironment were depicted by genomic, transcriptome data and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We observed that PBRM1-loss ccRCC harbored enriched HRD-associated mutational signature 3 and loss of RAD51. Dual-loss of PBRM1 and RAD51 identified patients hyper-sensitive to immunotherapy. This dual-loss subtype was featured by M1 macrophage infiltration. Dual-loss was, albeit homologous recombination defective, with high chromosomal stability. CONCLUSIONS PBRM1 and RAD51 dual-loss ccRCC indicates superior responses to immunotherapy. Dual-loss ccRCC harbors an immune-desert microenvironment but enriched with M1 macrophages. Dual-loss ccRCC is susceptible to defective homologous recombination but possesses high chromosomal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Youqi Qiu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Siyuan Dai
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jiejie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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4
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Morelli M, Lessi F, Franceschi S, Ferri G, Giacomarra M, Menicagli M, Gambacciani C, Pieri F, Pasqualetti F, Montemurro N, Aretini P, Santonocito OS, Di Stefano AL, Mazzanti CM. Exploring Regorafenib Responsiveness and Uncovering Molecular Mechanisms in Recurrent Glioblastoma Tumors through Longitudinal In Vitro Sampling. Cells 2024; 13:487. [PMID: 38534332 PMCID: PMC10968984 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a deadly brain tumor, shows limited response to standard therapies like temozolomide (TMZ). Recent findings from the REGOMA trial underscore a significant survival improvement offered by Regorafenib (REGO) in recurrent glioblastoma. Our study aimed to propose a 3D ex vivo drug response precision medicine approach to investigate recurrent glioblastoma sensitivity to REGO and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in tumor resistance or responsiveness to treatment. Three-dimensional glioblastoma organoids (GB-EXPs) obtained from 18 patients' resected recurrent glioblastoma tumors were treated with TMZ and REGO. Drug responses were evaluated using NAD(P)H FLIM, stratifying tumors as responders (Resp) or non-responders (NRs). Whole-exome sequencing was performed on 16 tissue samples, and whole-transcriptome analysis on 13 GB-EXPs treated and untreated. We found 35% (n = 9) and 77% (n = 20) of tumors responded to TMZ and REGO, respectively, with no instances of TMZ-Resp being REGO-NRs. Exome analysis revealed a unique mutational profile in REGO-Resp tumors compared to NR tumors. Transcriptome analysis identified distinct expression patterns in Resp and NR tumors, impacting Rho GTPase and NOTCH signaling, known to be involved in drug response. In conclusion, recurrent glioblastoma tumors were more responsive to REGO compared to TMZ treatment. Importantly, our approach enables a comprehensive longitudinal exploration of the molecular changes induced by treatment, unveiling promising biomarkers indicative of drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Morelli
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Francesca Lessi
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Sara Franceschi
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Gianmarco Ferri
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Manuel Giacomarra
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Michele Menicagli
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | - Carlo Gambacciani
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, 57124 Livorno, Italy (O.S.S.)
| | - Francesco Pieri
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, 57124 Livorno, Italy (O.S.S.)
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- Radiotherapy Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Montemurro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Aretini
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
| | | | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, 57124 Livorno, Italy (O.S.S.)
| | - Chiara Maria Mazzanti
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy; (F.L.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.M.)
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5
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Okawa Y, Sasagawa S, Kato H, Johnson TA, Nagaoka K, Kobayashi Y, Hayashi A, Shibayama T, Maejima K, Tanaka H, Miyano S, Shibahara J, Nishizuka S, Hirano S, Seto Y, Iwaya T, Kakimi K, Yasuda T, Nakagawa H. Immuno-genomic analysis reveals eosinophilic feature and favorable prognosis of female non-smoking esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer Lett 2024; 581:216499. [PMID: 38013050 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Most of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) develop in smoking males in Japan, but the genomic etiology and immunological characteristics of rare non-smoking female ECSS remain unclear. To elucidate the genomic and immunological features of ESCC in non-smoking females, we analyzed whole-genome or transcriptome sequencing data from 94 ESCCs, including 20 rare non-smoking female cases. In addition, 31,611 immune cells were extracted from four ESCC tissues and subject to single-cell RNA-seq. We compared their immuno-genomic and microbiome profiles between non-smoking female and smoking ESCCs. Non-smoking females showed much better prognosis. Whole-genome sequencing analysis showed no significant differences in driver genes or copy number alterations depending on smoking status. The mutational signatures specifically observed in non-smoking females ESCC could be attributed to aging. Immune profiling from RNA-seq revealed that ESCC in non-smoking females had high tumor microenvironment signatures and a high abundance of eosinophils with a favorable prognosis. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of intratumor immune cells revealed gender differences of eosinophils and their activation in female cases. ESCCs in non-smoking females have age-related mutational signatures and gender-specific tumor immune environment with eosinophils, which is likely to contribute to their favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Okawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shota Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kato
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Nagaoka
- Department of Immunotherapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Kobayashi
- Department of Immunotherapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimasa Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibayama
- Department of Pathology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tanaka
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Shibahara
- Department of Pathology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishizuka
- Division of Biomedical Research and Development, Iwate Medical University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Seto
- Department of GI Surgery, Graduate of School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwaya
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kakimi
- Department of Immunotherapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takushi Yasuda
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
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6
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Kommoss FK, Lee CH, Tessier-Cloutier B, Gilks CB, Stewart CJ, von Deimling A, Köbel M. Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma harbours characteristic copy number variations and a distinct DNA methylation signature closely related to mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the cervix. J Pathol 2024; 262:4-9. [PMID: 37850576 DOI: 10.1002/path.6217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) of the female genital tract is an uncommon histotype that can arise in both the endometrium and the ovary. The exact cell of origin and histogenesis currently remain unknown. Here, we investigated whole genome DNA methylation patterns and copy number variations (CNVs) in a series of MLAs in the context of a large cohort of various gynaecological carcinoma types. CNV analysis of 19 MLAs uncovered gains of chromosomes 1q (18/19, 95%), 10 (15/19, 79%), 12 (14/19, 74%), and 2 (10/19, 53%), as well as loss of chromosome 1p (7/19, 37%). Gains of chromosomes 1q, 10, and 12 were also identified in the majority of mesonephric adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix (MAs) as well as subsets of endometrioid carcinomas (ECs) and low-grade serous carcinomas of the ovary (LGSCs) but only in a minority of serous carcinomas of the uterine corpus (USCs), clear cell carcinomas (CCCs), and tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs). While losses of chromosome 1p together with gains of chromosome 1q were also identified in both MA and LGSC, gains of chromosome 2 were almost exclusively identified in MLA and MA. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and t-SNE analysis of DNA methylation data (Illumina EPIC array) identified a co-clustering for MLAs and MAs, which was distinct from clusters of ECs, USCs, CCCs, LGSCs, and HGSCs. Group-wise comparisons confirmed a close epigenetic relationship between MLA and MA. These findings, in conjunction with the established histological and immunophenotypical overlap, suggest bona fide mesonephric differentiation, and support a more precise terminology of mesonephric-type adenocarcinoma instead of MLA in these tumours. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kf Kommoss
- Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - C Blake Gilks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colin Jr Stewart
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital and CCU Neuropathology DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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7
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Kandala S, Ramos M, Voith von Voithenberg L, Diaz-Jimenez A, Chocarro S, Keding J, Brors B, Imbusch CD, Sotillo R. Chronic chromosome instability induced by Plk1 results in immune suppression in breast cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113266. [PMID: 37979172 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome instability (CIN) contributes to resistance to therapies and tumor evolution. Although natural killer (NK) cells can eliminate cells with complex karyotypes, high-CIN human tumors have an immunosuppressive phenotype. To understand which CIN-associated molecular features alter immune recognition during tumor evolution, we overexpress Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) in a Her2+ breast cancer model. These high-CIN tumors activate a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), upregulate PD-L1 and CD206, and induce non-cell-autonomous nuclear factor κB (NF-κβ) signaling, facilitating immune evasion. Single-cell RNA sequencing from pre-neoplastic mammary glands unveiled the presence of Arg1+ macrophages, NK cells with reduced effector functions, and increased resting regulatory T cell infiltration. We further show that high PLK1-expressing human breast tumors display gene expression patterns associated with SASP, NF-κβ signaling, and immune suppression. These findings underscore the need to understand the immune landscape in CIN tumors to identify more effective therapies, potentially combining immune checkpoint or NF-κβ inhibitors with current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Kandala
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Ramos
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Voith von Voithenberg
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Diaz-Jimenez
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Chocarro
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Keding
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles D Imbusch
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rocio Sotillo
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TRLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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Nguyen MTN, Rajavuori A, Huhtinen K, Hietanen S, Hynninen J, Oikkonen J, Hautaniemi S. Circulating tumor DNA-based copy-number profiles enable monitoring treatment effects during therapy in high-grade serous carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115630. [PMID: 37806091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis has emerged as a promising tool for detecting and profiling longitudinal genomics changes in cancer. While copy-number alterations (CNAs) play a major role in cancers, treatment effect monitoring using copy-number profiles has received limited attention as compared to mutations. A major reason for this is the insensitivity of CNA analysis for the real-life tumor-fraction ctDNA samples. We performed copy-number analysis on 152 plasma samples obtained from 29 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) using a sequencing panel targeting over 500 genes. Twenty-one patients had temporally matched tissue and plasma sample pairs, which enabled assessing concordance with tissues sequenced with the same panel or whole-genome sequencing and to evaluate sensitivity. Our approach could detect concordant CNA profiles in most plasma samples with as low as 5% tumor content and highly amplified regions in samples with ∼1% of tumor content. Longitudinal profiles showed changes in the CNA profiles in seven out of 11 patients with high tumor-content plasma samples at relapse. These changes included focal acquired or lost copy-numbers, even though most of the genome remained stable. Two patients displayed major copy-number profile changes during therapy. Our analysis revealed ctDNA-detectable subclonal selection resulting from both surgical operations and chemotherapy. Overall, longitudinal ctDNA data showed acquired and diminished CNAs at relapse when compared to pre-treatment samples. These results highlight the importance of genomic profiling during treatment as well as underline the usability of ctDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai T N Nguyen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00291, Finland
| | - Anna Rajavuori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00291, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Sakari Hietanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00291, Finland.
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00291, Finland.
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9
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Herrera-Orozco H, García-Castillo V, López-Urrutia E, Martinez-Gutierrez AD, Pérez-Yepez E, Millán-Catalán O, Cantú de León D, López-Camarillo C, Jacobo-Herrera NJ, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Ramos-Payán R, Pérez-Plasencia C. Somatic Copy Number Alterations in Colorectal Cancer Lead to a Differentially Expressed ceRNA Network (ceRNet). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9549-9565. [PMID: 38132443 PMCID: PMC10742218 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the second deadliest malignancy worldwide. Around 75% of CRC patients exhibit high levels of chromosome instability that result in the accumulation of somatic copy number alterations. These alterations are associated with the amplification of oncogenes and deletion of tumor-ppressor genes and contribute to the tumoral phenotype in different malignancies. Even though this relationship is well known, much remains to be investigated regarding the effect of said alterations in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and, in turn, the impact these alterations have on the tumor phenotype. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of differentially expressed lncRNAs coded in regions with copy number alterations in colorectal cancer patient samples. We downloaded RNA-seq files of the Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Project from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) repository (285 sequenced tumor tissues and 41 non-tumor tissues), evaluated differential expression, and mapped them over genome sequencing data with regions presenting copy number alterations. We obtained 78 differentially expressed (LFC > 1|< -1, padj < 0.05) lncRNAs, 410 miRNAs, and 5028 mRNAs and constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, predicting significant lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions. Said network consisted of 30 lncRNAs, 19 miRNAs, and 77 mRNAs. To understand the role that our ceRNA network played, we performed KEGG and GO analysis and found several oncogenic and anti-oncogenic processes enriched by the molecular players in our network. Finally, to evaluate the clinical relevance of the lncRNA expression, we performed survival analysis and found that C5orf64, HOTAIR, and RRN3P3 correlated with overall patient survival. Our results showed that lncRNAs coded in regions affected by SCNAs form a complex gene regulatory network in CCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Herrera-Orozco
- Laboratorio de Genómica, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. De los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (H.H.-O.); (V.G.-C.); (E.L.-U.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D. Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Verónica García-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Genómica, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. De los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (H.H.-O.); (V.G.-C.); (E.L.-U.)
| | - Eduardo López-Urrutia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. De los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (H.H.-O.); (V.G.-C.); (E.L.-U.)
| | - Antonio Daniel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.M.-G.); (E.P.-Y.); (O.M.-C.); (D.C.d.L.)
| | - Eloy Pérez-Yepez
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.M.-G.); (E.P.-Y.); (O.M.-C.); (D.C.d.L.)
| | - Oliver Millán-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.M.-G.); (E.P.-Y.); (O.M.-C.); (D.C.d.L.)
| | - David Cantú de León
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.M.-G.); (E.P.-Y.); (O.M.-C.); (D.C.d.L.)
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Calle Dr. García Diego 168, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Nadia J. Jacobo-Herrera
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | | | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80030, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. De los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (H.H.-O.); (V.G.-C.); (E.L.-U.)
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.M.-G.); (E.P.-Y.); (O.M.-C.); (D.C.d.L.)
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10
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Yang Y, Feng T, Fan X, Wang C, Jiang Y, Zhou X, Bao W, Zhang D, Wang S, Yu J, Tao Y, Song G, Bao H, Yan J, Wu X, Shao Y, Qiu G, Su D, Chen Q. Genomic and Transcriptomic Remodeling by Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and the Indicative Role of Acquired INDEL Percentage for nCRT Efficacy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:979-993. [PMID: 37339686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of genomic factors on the response of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), as well as how nCRT influences the genome and transcriptome of ESCC, remain largely unknown. METHODS AND MATERIALS In total, 137 samples from 57 patients with ESCC undergoing nCRT were collected and subjected to whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing analysis. Genetic and clinicopathologic factors were compared between the patients achieving pathologic complete response and patients not achieving pathologic complete response. Genomic and transcriptomic profiles before and after nCRT were analyzed. RESULTS Codeficiency of the DNA damage repair and HIPPO pathways synergistically sensitized ESCC to nCRT. nCRT induced small INDELs and focal chromosomal loss concurrently. Acquired INDEL% exhibited a decreasing trend with the increase of tumor regression grade (P = .06, Jonckheere's test). Multivariable Cox analysis indicated that higher acquired INDEL% was associated with better survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86-1.01; P = .067 for recurrence-free survival [RFS]; aHR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.98; P = .028 for overall survival [OS], with 1% of acquired INDEL% as unit). The prognostic value of acquired INDEL% was confirmed by the Glioma Longitudinal AnalySiS data set (aHR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.902-0.997; P = .037 for RFS; aHR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.917-1.004; P = .076 for OS). Additionally, clonal expansion degree was negatively associated with patient survival (aHR, 5.87; 95% CI, 1.10-31.39; P = .038 for RFS; aHR, 9.09; 95% CI, 1.10-75.36; P = .041 for OS, with low clonal expression group as reference) and also negatively correlated with acquired INDEL% (Spearman ρ = -0.45; P = .02). The expression profile was changed after nCRT. The DNA replication gene set was downregulated, while the cell adhesion gene set was upregulated after nCRT. Acquired INDEL% was negatively correlated with the enrichment of the DNA replication gene set (Spearman ρ = -0.56; P = .003) but was positively correlated with the enrichment of the cell adhesion gene set (Spearman ρ = 0.40; P = .05) in posttreatment samples. CONCLUSIONS nCRT remodels the genome and transcriptome of ESCC. Acquired INDEL% is a potential biomarker to indicate the effectiveness of nCRT and radiation sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - TingTing Feng
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Fan
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, China
| | - Changchun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youhua Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wu'an Bao
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danhong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Endoscopy Center, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangping Yu
- Endoscopy Center, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yali Tao
- Endoscopy Center, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Bao
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, China
| | - Junrong Yan
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qixun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Lessi F, Morelli M, Franceschi S, Aretini P, Menicagli M, Marranci A, Pasqualetti F, Gambacciani C, Pieri F, Grimod G, Zucchi V, Cupini S, Di Stefano AL, Santonocito OS, Mazzanti CM. Innovative Approach to Isolate and Characterize Glioblastoma Circulating Tumor Cells and Correlation with Tumor Mutational Status. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10147. [PMID: 37373295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are one of the most important causes of tumor recurrence and distant metastases. Glioblastoma (GBM) has been considered restricted to the brain for many years. Nevertheless, in the past years, several pieces of evidence indicate that hematogenous dissemination is a reality, and this is also in the caseof GBM. Our aim was to optimize CTCs' detection in GBM and define the genetic background of single CTCs compared to the primary GBM tumor and its recurrence to demonstrate that CTCs are indeed derived from the parental tumor. We collected blood samples from a recurrent IDH wt GBM patient. We genotyped the parental recurrent tumor tissue and the respective primary GBM tissue. CTCs were analyzed using the DEPArray system. CTCs Copy Number Alterations (CNAs) and sequencing analyses were performed to compare CTCs' genetic background with the same patient's primary and recurrent GBM tissues. We identified 210 common mutations in the primary and recurrent tumors. Among these, three somatic high-frequency mutations (in PRKCB, TBX1, and COG5 genes) were selected to investigate their presence in CTCs. Almost all sorted CTCs (9/13) had at least one of the mutations tested. The presence of TERT promoter mutations was also investigated and C228T variation was found in parental tumors and CTCs (C228T heterozygous and homozygous, respectively). We were able to isolate and genotype CTCs from a patient with GBM. We found common mutations but also exclusive molecular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lessi
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariangela Morelli
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Franceschi
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Aretini
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Menicagli
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Marranci
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Gambacciani
- Division of Neurosurgery, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Francesco Pieri
- Division of Neurosurgery, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Gianluca Grimod
- Division of Neurosurgery, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Vanna Zucchi
- Division of Pathology, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Samanta Cupini
- Division of Oncology, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Anna Luisa Di Stefano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
- Neurology Department, Foch Hospital, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Orazio Santo Santonocito
- Division of Neurosurgery, Spedali Riuniti di Livorno-USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Mazzanti
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
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12
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Gaeta R, Morelli M, Lessi F, Mazzanti CM, Menicagli M, Capanna R, Andreani L, Coccoli L, Aretini P, Franchi A. Identification of New Potential Prognostic and Predictive Markers in High-Grade Osteosarcoma Using Whole Exome Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10086. [PMID: 37373240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional high-grade osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary cancer of bone and it typically affects the extremities of adolescents. OS has a complex karyotype, and molecular mechanisms related to carcinogenesis, progression and resistance to therapy are still largely unknown. For this reason, the current standard of care is associated with considerable adverse effects. In this study, our aim was to identify gene alterations in OS patients using whole exome sequencing (WES) to find new potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We performed WES on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy materials collected from 19 patients affected by conventional high-grade OS. The clinical and genetic data were analyzed according to response to therapy, presence of metastasis and disease status. By comparing good and poor responders to neoadjuvant therapy, we detected a clear prevalence of mutations in the ARID1A, CREBBP, BRCA2 and RAD50 genes in poor responders that negatively influence the progression-free survival time. Moreover, higher tumor mutational burden values correlated with worse prognosis. The identification of mutations in ARID1A, CREBBP, BRCA2 and RAD50 may support the use of a more specific therapy for tumors harboring these alterations. In particular, BRCA2 and RAD50 are involved in homologous recombination repair, and could thus be used as specific therapy targets of inhibitors of the enzyme Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase (PARP). Finally, tumor mutational burden is found to be a potential prognostic marker for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Gaeta
- Section of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Lessi
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Michele Menicagli
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Capanna
- Section of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Andreani
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Coccoli
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Aretini
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Franchi
- Section of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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13
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Jikuya R, Johnson TA, Maejima K, An J, Ju YS, Lee H, Ha K, Song W, Kim Y, Okawa Y, Sasagawa S, Kanazashi Y, Fujita M, Imoto S, Mitome T, Ohtake S, Noguchi G, Kawaura S, Iribe Y, Aomori K, Tatenuma T, Komeya M, Ito H, Ito Y, Muraoka K, Furuya M, Kato I, Fujii S, Hamanoue H, Tamura T, Baba M, Suda T, Kodama T, Makiyama K, Yao M, Shuch BM, Ricketts CJ, Schmidt LS, Linehan WM, Nakagawa H, Hasumi H. Comparative analyses define differences between BHD-associated renal tumour and sporadic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2023; 92:104596. [PMID: 37182269 PMCID: PMC10200853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome, caused by germline alteration of folliculin (FLCN) gene, develops hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumour (HOCT) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC), whereas sporadic ChRCC does not harbor FLCN alteration. To date, molecular characteristics of these similar histological types of tumours have been incompletely elucidated. METHODS To elucidate renal tumourigenesis of BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours, we conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of sixteen BHD-associated renal tumours from nine unrelated BHD patients, twenty-one sporadic ChRCCs and seven sporadic oncocytomas. We then compared somatic mutation profiles with FLCN variants and RNA expression profiles between BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours. FINDINGS RNA-seq analysis revealed that BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours have totally different expression profiles. Sporadic ChRCCs were clustered into two distinct clusters characterized by L1CAM and FOXI1 expressions, molecular markers for renal tubule subclasses. Increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number with fewer variants was observed in BHD-associated renal tumours compared to sporadic ChRCCs. Cell-of-origin analysis using WGS data demonstrated that BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic ChRCCs may arise from different cells of origin and second hit FLCN alterations may occur in early third decade of life in BHD patients. INTERPRETATION These data further our understanding of renal tumourigenesis of these two different types of renal tumours with similar histology. FUNDING This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grants, RIKEN internal grant, and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Center for Cancer Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Jikuya
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan; Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jisong An
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajin Lee
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsik Ha
- UPPThera, Inc. BRC Laboratory 1-204 9, Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - WooJeung Song
- UPPThera, Inc. BRC Laboratory 1-204 9, Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwook Kim
- National Cancer Center Korea, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuki Okawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shota Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanazashi
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Mitome
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohtake
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Go Noguchi
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sachi Kawaura
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Iribe
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kota Aomori
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tatenuma
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Komeya
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ito
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ito
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kentaro Muraoka
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Furuya
- Pathology Center, GeneticLab Co., Ltd., 28-196, N9, W15, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-0009, Japan
| | - Ikuma Kato
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Haruka Hamanoue
- Clinical Genetics Department, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan; Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masaya Baba
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Toshio Suda
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Makiyama
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yao
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Brian M Shuch
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA90095, USA
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Laura S Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Hasumi
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan.
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14
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Wah NW, Mok Y, Omar N, Chang KTE, Tay TKY, Hue SSS, Lee VKM. Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor Compared With Those of Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100127. [PMID: 36965331 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumors (EBV-SMTs) are rare smooth muscle neoplasms exclusively associated with immunosuppression, such as in patients with HIV/AIDS, posttransplant, and congenital immunodeficiency. However, the genomic landscape of EBV-SMTs is poorly understood. Leiomyosarcomas harbor genomic instability and multiple recurrent DNA copy number alterations, whereas leiomyomas lack such changes. Thus, this study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by characterizing copy number alterations in EBV-SMTs and correlating this information with clinicopathologic characteristics. Our study investigated and compared the pathologic characteristics and copy number profiles of 9 EBV-SMTs (from 7 post-transplant and AIDS patients), 6 leiomyomas, and 7 leiomyosarcomas, using chromosomal microarray platforms. Our results showed a lower copy number alteration burden in EBV-SMTs and leiomyoma than in leiomyosarcoma. This contrast in the molecular profile between EBV-SMTs and leiomyosarcoma is concordant with the different clinical behaviors and pathologic characteristics exhibited by these tumors. Despite having an overall copy number alteration profile closer to leiomyoma, recurrent copy number gain of oncogenes, such as RUNX1, CCND2, and ETS2, was found in EBV-SMTs. Epigenetic alterations may play an important role in tumorigenesis as recurrent copy number gains were found in histone deacetylases. A gene enrichment analysis also demonstrated enrichment of genes involved in the host response to viral infection, suggesting that the tumor immune microenvironment may play an important role in EBV-SMT tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naw Wah Wah
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yingting Mok
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Victor Kwan Min Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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15
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Tang WF, Fan XJ, Bao H, Fu R, Liang Y, Wu M, Zhang C, Su J, Wu YL, Zhong WZ. Acquired DNA damage repairs deficiency-driven immune evolution and involved immune factors of local versus distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2215112. [PMID: 37261085 PMCID: PMC10228401 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2215112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of immune profile from primary tumors to distant and local metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as the impact of the immune background of primary tumors on metastatic potential, remains unclear. To address this, we performed whole-exome sequencing and immunohistochemistry for 73 paired primary and metastatic tumor samples from 41 NSCLC patients, and analyzed the change of immune profile from primary tumors to metastases and involved genetic factors. We found that distant metastases tended to have a decreased CD8+ T cell level along with an increased chromosomal instability (CIN) compared with primary tumors, which was partially ascribed to acquired DNA damage repair (DDR) deficiency. Distant metastases were characterized by immunosuppression (low CD8+ T cell level) and immune evasion (high PD-L1 level) whereas local metastases (pleura) were immune-competent with high CD8+ T cell, low CD4+ T cell and low PD-L1 level. Primary tumors with high levels of CD4+ T cells were associated with distant metastases rather than local metastases. Analysis of TCGA data and a single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset revealed a decreasing trend of major immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells, and an increasing trend of CD4 T helper cells (Th2 and Th1) in primary tumors with metastases from local to distant sites. Our study indicates that there are differences in the immune evolution between distant and local metastases, and that acquired DDR deficiency contributes to the immunosuppression in distant metastases of NSCLC. Moreover, the immune background of primary tumors may affect their metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fang Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Fan
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hua Bao
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Rui Fu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, P. R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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16
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Zhang S, Jiang R, Yang M, Wang T, Chen H, Shi Y, Liu W, Huang M. Identification of a novel eighteen-gene signature of recurrent metastasis neuroblastoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:403-417. [PMID: 36856811 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant tumor in childhood, and metastases occur in more than 30% patients. Recurrent metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis and high mortality in neuroblastoma. In this regard, there is still a lack of sufficient biomarkers and effective therapies. Therefore, we performed a multi-omics analysis of neuroblastoma patients from Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET). With clinical relapse site information, tumor samples derived from the primary site were divided into recurrent metastasis and primary tumor groups. The initial gene signature was obtained by comparing RNA-Seq and copy number variation differences. Survival data was used to further filter prognosis-related genes. This 18-gene signature consists of three clusters: tumor suppression, cell proliferation, and immunity. A super enhancer is involved in the enhanced expression of NCAPG in cluster2 together with IRF3. Based on the gene signature expression in primary neuroblastoma, it is possible to predict tumor metastasis before it occurs. According to the anticancer drug dataset of Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), vinorelbine and docetaxel were predicted to have high sensitivity against recurrent metastatic neuroblastoma. In conclusion, our study offers a novel metastasis biomarker and helps understand the mechanisms of tumor recurrent metastasis. KEY MESSAGES: We identified a novel eighteen-gene signature of recurrent metastasis neuroblastoma and build risk and classification models. We dissected the regulatory role of NCAPG in signatures. We found immune exhaustion and immunosuppression in recurrent metastasis neuroblastoma. Vinorelbine and docetaxel were predicted to have high sensitivity against recurrent metastatic neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufan Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Manqiu Yang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Research Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Yifan Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Moli Huang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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17
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Chatila WK, Walch H, Hechtman JF, Moyer SM, Sgambati V, Faleck DM, Srivastava A, Tang L, Benhamida J, Ismailgeci D, Campos C, Wu F, Chang Q, Vakiani E, de Stanchina E, Weiser MR, Widmar M, Yantiss RK, Shah MA, Bass AJ, Stadler ZK, Katz LH, Mellinghoff IK, Sethi NS, Schultz N, Ganesh K, Kelsen D, Yaeger R. Integrated clinical and genomic analysis identifies driver events and molecular evolution of colitis-associated cancers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:110. [PMID: 36611031 PMCID: PMC9825391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has long been recognized to contribute to cancer development, particularly across the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk for bowel cancers, and it has been posited that a field of genetic changes may underlie this risk. Here, we define the clinical features, genomic landscape, and germline alterations in 174 patients with colitis-associated cancers and sequenced 29 synchronous or isolated dysplasia. TP53 alterations, an early and highly recurrent event in colitis-associated cancers, occur in half of dysplasia, largely as convergent evolution of independent events. Wnt pathway alterations are infrequent, and our data suggest transcriptional rewiring away from Wnt. Sequencing of multiple dysplasia/cancer lesions from mouse models and patients demonstrates rare shared alterations between lesions. These findings suggest neoplastic bowel lesions developing in a background of inflammation experience lineage plasticity away from Wnt activation early during tumorigenesis and largely occur as genetically independent events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid K Chatila
- Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Walch
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaclyn F Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sydney M Moyer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valeria Sgambati
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David M Faleck
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amitabh Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jamal Benhamida
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dorina Ismailgeci
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl Campos
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qing Chang
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Efsevia Vakiani
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin R Weiser
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Widmar
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rhonda K Yantiss
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manish A Shah
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam J Bass
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lior H Katz
- Gastroenterology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ingo K Mellinghoff
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nilay S Sethi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology-Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karuna Ganesh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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18
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Johnson TA, Maekawa S, Fujita M, An J, Ju YS, Maejima K, Kanazashi Y, Jikuya R, Okawa Y, Sasagawa S, Yagi K, Okazaki Y, Kuroda N, Takata R, Obara W, Nakagawa H. Genomic features of renal cell carcinoma developed during end-stage renal disease and dialysis. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:290-303. [PMID: 35981075 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or receiving dialysis have a much higher risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but carcinogenic mechanisms and genomic features remain little explored and undefined. This study's goal was to identify the genomic features of ESRD RCC and characterize them for associations with tumor histology and dialysis exposure. In this study, we obtained 33 RCCs, with various histological subtypes, that developed in ESRD patients receiving dialysis and performed whole-genome sequencing and transcriptome analyses. Driver events, copy-number alteration (CNA) analysis and mutational signature profiling were performed using an analysis pipeline that integrated data from germline and somatic SNVs, Indels and structural variants as well as CNAs, while transcriptome data were analyzed for differentially expressed genes and through gene set enrichment analysis. ESRD related clear cell RCCs' driver genes and mutations mirrored those in sporadic ccRCCs. Longer dialysis periods significantly correlated with a rare mutational signature SBS23, whose etiology is unknown, and increased mitochondrial copy number. All acquired cystic disease (ACD)-RCCs, which developed specifically in ESRD patients, showed chromosome 16q amplification. Gene expression analysis suggests similarity between certain ACD-RCCs and papillary RCCs and in TCGA papillary RCCs with chromosome 16 gain identified enrichment for genes related to DNA repair, as well as pathways related to reactive oxygen species, oxidative phosphorylation and targets of Myc. This analysis suggests that ESRD or dialysis could induce types of cellular stress that impact some specific types of genomic damage leading to oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigekatsu Maekawa
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jisong An
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanazashi
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Jikuya
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yuki Okawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shota Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ken Yagi
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Naoto Kuroda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Red Cross Hospital, Kochi 780-8562, Japan
| | - Ryo Takata
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Wataru Obara
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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19
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Gu X, Wang L, Coates PJ, Gnanasundram SV, Sgaramella N, Sörlin J, Erdogan B, Magan M, Nylander K. Evidence for etiologic field changes in tongue distant from tumor in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. J Pathol 2023; 259:93-102. [PMID: 36314576 PMCID: PMC10108103 DOI: 10.1002/path.6025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a paradigm of Slaughter's concept of field cancerization, where tumors are thought to originate within an area of cells containing genetic alterations that predispose to cancer development. The field size is unclear but may represent a large area of tissue, and the origin of mutations is also unclear. Here, we analyzed whole exome and transcriptome features in contralateral tumor-distal tongue (i.e. distant from the tumor, not tumor-adjacent) and corresponding tumor tissues of 15 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. The number of point mutations ranged from 41 to 237 in tumors and from one to 78 in tumor-distal samples. Tumor-distal samples showed mainly clock-like (associated with aging) or tobacco smoking mutational signatures. Tumors additionally showed mutations that associate with cytidine deaminase AID/APOBEC enzyme activities or a UV-like signature. Importantly, no point mutations were shared between a tumor and the matched tumor-distal sample in any patient. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene in tumors (67%), whereas a TP53 mutation was detected in only one tumor-distal sample, and this mutation was not shared with the matched tumor. Arm-level copy number variation (CNV) was found in 12 tumors, with loss of chromosome (Chr) 8p or gain of 8q being the most frequent events. Two tumor-distal samples showed a gain of Chr8, which was associated with increased expression of Chr8-located genes in these samples, although gene ontology did not show a role for these genes in oncogenic processes. In situ hybridization revealed a mixed pattern of Chr8 gain and neutral copy number in both tumor cells and adjacent nontumor epithelium in one patient. We conclude that distant field cancerization exists but does not present as tumor-related mutational events. The data are compatible with etiologic field effects, rather than classical monoclonal field cancerization theory. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Gu
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lixiao Wang
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Philip J Coates
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Nicola Sgaramella
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sörlin
- Clinical Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, Norrlands Universitetssjukhus, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Baris Erdogan
- Department of Clinical Sciences/ENT, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mustafa Magan
- Department of Clinical Sciences/ENT, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Nylander
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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20
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Montironi C, Castet F, Haber PK, Pinyol R, Torres-Martin M, Torrens L, Mesropian A, Wang H, Puigvehi M, Maeda M, Leow WQ, Harrod E, Taik P, Chinburen J, Taivanbaatar E, Chinbold E, Solé Arqués M, Donovan M, Thung S, Neely J, Mazzaferro V, Anderson J, Roayaie S, Schwartz M, Villanueva A, Friedman SL, Uzilov A, Sia D, Llovet JM. Inflamed and non-inflamed classes of HCC: a revised immunogenomic classification. Gut 2023; 72:129-140. [PMID: 35197323 PMCID: PMC9395551 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously reported a characterisation of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immune contexture and described an immune-specific class. We now aim to further delineate the immunogenomic classification of HCC to incorporate features that explain responses/resistance to immunotherapy. DESIGN We performed RNA and whole-exome sequencing, T-cell receptor (TCR)-sequencing, multiplex immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in a novel cohort of 240 HCC patients and validated our results in other cohorts comprising 660 patients. RESULTS Our integrative analysis led to define: (1) the inflamed class of HCC (37%), which includes the previously reported immune subclass (22%) and a new immune-like subclass (15%) with high interferon signalling, cytolytic activity, expression of immune-effector cytokines and a more diverse T-cell repertoire. A 20-gene signature was able to capture ~90% of these tumours and is associated with response to immunotherapy. Proteins identified in liquid biopsies recapitulated the inflamed class with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.91; (2) The intermediate class, enriched in TP53 mutations (49% vs 29%, p=0.035), and chromosomal losses involving immune-related genes and; (3) the excluded class, enriched in CTNNB1 mutations (93% vs 27%, p<0.001) and PTK2 overexpression due to gene amplification and promoter hypomethylation. CTNNB1 mutations outside the excluded class led to weak activation of the Wnt-βcatenin pathway or occurred in HCCs dominated by high interferon signalling and type I antigen presenting genes. CONCLUSION We have characterised the immunogenomic contexture of HCC and defined inflamed and non-inflamed tumours. Two distinct CTNNB1 patterns associated with a differential role in immune evasion are described. These features may help predict immune response in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Montironi
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pathology Department & Molecular Biology CORE, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florian Castet
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philipp K Haber
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Torres-Martin
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Torrens
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agavni Mesropian
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marc Puigvehi
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Consorci Parc de Salut Mar, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miho Maeda
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wei Qiang Leow
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Harrod
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Jigjidsuren Chinburen
- Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery Department, National Cancer Center, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Enkhbold Chinbold
- Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery Department, National Cancer Center, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Manel Solé Arqués
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Donovan
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Swan Thung
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jaclyn Neely
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaferro
- Gastrointestinal Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sasan Roayaie
- Department of Surgery, White Plains Hospital Center, White Plains, New York, USA
| | - Myron Schwartz
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Uzilov
- Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Sia
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institució Catalana De Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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21
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King L, Flaus A, Coughlan S, Holian E, Golden A. GNOSIS: an R Shiny app supporting cancer genomics survival analysis with cBioPortal. HRB Open Res 2022; 5:8. [PMID: 35677713 PMCID: PMC9051584 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13476.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploratory analysis of cancer consortia data curated by the cBioPortal repository typically requires advanced programming skills and expertise to identify novel genomic prognostic markers that have the potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic exploitation. We developed GNOSIS (GeNomics explOrer using StatistIcal and Survival analysis in R), an R Shiny App incorporating a range of R packages enabling users to efficiently explore and visualise such clinical and genomic data. GNOSIS provides an intuitive graphical user interface and multiple tab panels supporting a range of functionalities, including data upload and initial exploration, data recoding and subsetting, data visualisations, statistical analysis, mutation analysis and, in particular, survival analysis to identify prognostic markers. GNOSIS also facilitates reproducible research by providing downloadable input logs and R scripts from each session, and so offers an excellent means of supporting clinician-researchers in developing their statistical computing skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia King
- SFI Centre for Genomics Data Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Andrew Flaus
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Simone Coughlan
- SFI Centre for Genomics Data Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Emma Holian
- School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Aaron Golden
- School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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22
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Morelli M, Lessi F, Barachini S, Liotti R, Montemurro N, Perrini P, Santonocito OS, Gambacciani C, Snuderl M, Pieri F, Aquila F, Farnesi A, Naccarato AG, Viacava P, Cardarelli F, Ferri G, Mulholland P, Ottaviani D, Paiar F, Liberti G, Pasqualetti F, Menicagli M, Aretini P, Signore G, Franceschi S, Mazzanti CM. Metabolic-imaging of human glioblastoma live tumors: A new precision-medicine approach to predict tumor treatment response early. Front Oncol 2022; 12:969812. [PMID: 36132155 PMCID: PMC9483168 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.969812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GB) is the most severe form of brain cancer, with a 12-15 month median survival. Surgical resection, temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, and radiotherapy remain the primary therapeutic options for GB, and no new therapies have been introduced in recent years. This therapeutic standstill is primarily due to preclinical approaches that do not fully respect the complexity of GB cell biology and fail to test efficiently anti-cancer treatments. Therefore, better treatment screening approaches are needed. In this study, we have developed a novel functional precision medicine approach to test the response to anticancer treatments in organoids derived from the resected tumors of glioblastoma patients. Methods GB organoids were grown for a short period of time to prevent any genetic and morphological evolution and divergence from the tumor of origin. We chose metabolic imaging by NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to predict early and non-invasively ex-vivo anti-cancer treatment responses of GB organoids. TMZ was used as the benchmark drug to validate the approach. Whole-transcriptome and whole-exome analyses were performed to characterize tumor cases stratification. Results Our functional precision medicine approach was completed within one week after surgery and two groups of TMZ Responder and Non-Responder tumors were identified. FLIM-based metabolic tumor stratification was well reflected at the molecular level, confirming the validity of our approach, highlighting also new target genes associated with TMZ treatment and identifying a new 17-gene molecular signature associated with survival. The number of MGMT gene promoter methylated tumors was higher in the responsive group, as expected, however, some non-methylated tumor cases turned out to be nevertheless responsive to TMZ, suggesting that our procedure could be synergistic with the classical MGMT methylation biomarker. Conclusions For the first time, FLIM-based metabolic imaging was used on live glioblastoma organoids. Unlike other approaches, ex-vivo patient-tailored drug response is performed at an early stage of tumor culturing with no animal involvement and with minimal tampering with the original tumor cytoarchitecture. This functional precision medicine approach can be exploited in a range of clinical and laboratory settings to improve the clinical management of GB patients and implemented on other cancers as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Morelli
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Chiara Maria Mazzanti, ; Mariangela Morelli,
| | - Francesca Lessi
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Barachini
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romano Liotti
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Montemurro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Perrini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Gambacciani
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, Livorno, Italy
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Francesco Pieri
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, Livorno, Italy
| | - Filippo Aquila
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, Livorno, Italy
| | - Azzurra Farnesi
- Neurosurgical Department of Spedali Riuniti di Livorno, Livorno, Italy
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Viacava
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Toscana Nord-ovest, Livorno, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ferri
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology (NEST), Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy
- Section of Nanomedicine, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paul Mulholland
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Ottaviani
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaetano Liberti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Menicagli
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Aretini
- Section of Bioinformatics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Signore
- Section of Nanomedicine, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Franceschi
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Mazzanti
- Section of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Chiara Maria Mazzanti, ; Mariangela Morelli,
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23
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Bu X, Liu S, Wen D, Kan A, Xu Y, Lin X, Shi M. Comprehensive characterization of enhancer RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma reveals three immune subtypes with implications for immunotherapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 26:226-244. [PMID: 35919459 PMCID: PMC9310078 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly heterogeneous. Molecular subtyping for guiding immunotherapy is warranted. Previous studies have indicated that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are involved in tumor heterogeneity and immune infiltration. However, the eRNA landscape and its correlation with immune infiltration in HCC remain unknown. Here we first revealed the genome-wide eRNA landscape in two HCC cohorts. Then we divided individuals with HCC into three immune-related clusters (C1, C2, and C3) based on eRNA expression profiles. The prognosis, biological properties, immune infiltration, clinical features, genomic features, and drug response were analyzed. C1 was enriched in immune infiltration and potentially sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). C2 displayed features of immune depletion, high proliferation activity, malignant clinical features, and the worst prognosis. C2 may benefit from targeted therapy. C3 presented moderate immune infiltration, metabolism-related signatures, and the best prognosis. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) may be effective for C3. Finally, we constructed a 51-eRNA classifier for subtype prediction and validated its efficacy in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) cohort. Our results provide a novel method for immune classification of HCC, shed new light on tumor heterogeneity, and may aid in HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Bu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anna Kan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanjia Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Wang D, Gao S, Qian H, Yuan P, Zhang B. Prognostic Value of Copy Number Alteration Burden in Early-Stage Breast Cancer and the Construction of an 11-Gene Copy Number Alteration Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4145. [PMID: 36077687 PMCID: PMC9454926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of breast cancer has prompted a wide range of researchers to search for new prognostic markers. Considering that tumor mutation burden (TMB) is low and copy number alteration burden (CNAB) is high in breast cancer, we built a CNAB-based model using a public database and validated it with a Chinese population. We collected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 31 breast cancer patients who were treated between 2010 and 2014 at the National Cancer Center (CICAMS). METABRIC and TCGA data were downloaded via cBioPortal. In total, 2295 patients with early-stage breast cancer were enrolled in the study, including 1427 in the METABRIC cohort, 837 in the TCGA cohort, and 31 in the CICAMS cohort. Based on the ROC curve, we consider 2.2 CNA/MBp as the threshold for the CNAB-high and CNAB-low groupings. In both the TCGA cohort and the CICAMS cohort, CNAB-high had a worse prognosis than CNAB-low. We further simplified this model by establishing a prognostic nomogram for early breast cancer patients by 11 core genes, and this nomogram was highly effective in both the TCGA cohort and the CICAMS cohort. We hope that this model will subsequently help clinicians with prognostic assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Songlin Gao
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Haili Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bailin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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25
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Gaeta R, Righi A, Gambarotti M, Aretini P, Lessi F, Mazzanti CM, Mancini I, Pinzani P, Belgio B, Sbaraglia M, Dei Tos AP, Franchi A. Chondroblastoma‐like osteosarcoma: a clinicopathologic and molecular study of a rare osteosarcoma variant. Histopathology 2022; 81:389-401. [DOI: 10.1111/his.14721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Gaeta
- Department of Translational Research University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | | | - Marco Gambarotti
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy
| | | | | | | | - Irene Mancini
- Molecular and Clinical Biochemistry Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Pamela Pinzani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Beatrice Belgio
- Department of Translational Research University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale‐Università Padova Padua Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale‐Università Padova Padua Italy
- Department of Medicine (DIMED) University of Padua School of Medicine
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26
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Risk assessment with low pass whole genome sequencing of cell free DNA before CD19 CAR T-cells for large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2022; 140:504-515. [PMID: 35512184 PMCID: PMC9353148 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
FCS, defined by lpWGS of cfDNA, is associated with inferior outcomes in patients with LBCL treated with CAR T-cell therapy. FCS, LDH, and number of extranodal sites significantly stratified outcomes in a large single center cohort of CAR T cell–treated patients.
Patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (rrLBCL) can achieve long-term remission after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CART19). However, more than half of recipients will experience treatment failure. Thus, approaches are needed to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from alternative or consolidative therapy. We evaluated low-pass whole-genome sequencing (lpWGS) of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) before CART19 as a new approach for risk stratification. We performed lpWGS on pretreatment plasma samples from 122 patients at time of leukapheresis who received standard-of-care CART19 for rrLBCL to define DNA copy number alterations (CNAs). In multivariable selection, high focal CNA score (FCS) denoting genomic instability was the most significant pretreatment variable associated with inferior 3-month complete response rates (28% vs 56%, P = .0029), progression-free survival (PFS; P = .0007; hazard ratio, 2.11), and overall survival (OS; P = .0026; hazard ratio, 2.10). We identified 34 unique focal CNAs in 108 (89%) patients; of these, deletion 10q23.3 leading to loss of FAS death receptor was the most highly associated with poor outcomes, leading to inferior PFS (P < .0001; hazard ratio, 3.49) and OS (P = .0027; hazard ratio, 2.68). By combining FCS with traditional markers of increased tumor bulk (elevated lactate dehydrogenase and >1 extranodal site), we built a simple risk model that could reliably risk stratify patients. Thus, lpWGS of cfDNA is a minimally invasive assay that could rapidly identify high-risk patients and may guide patient selection for and targeted therapies to evaluate in future clinical trials.
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27
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Lahoz S, Archilla I, Asensio E, Hernández‐Illán E, Ferrer Q, López‐Prades S, Nadeu F, Del Rey J, Sanz‐Pamplona R, Lozano JJ, Castells A, Cuatrecasas M, Camps J. Copy-number intratumor heterogeneity increases the risk of relapse in chemotherapy-naive stage II colon cancer. J Pathol 2022; 257:68-81. [PMID: 35066875 PMCID: PMC9790656 DOI: 10.1002/path.5870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Optimal selection of high-risk patients with stage II colon cancer is crucial to ensure clinical benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of genomic intratumor heterogeneity and aneuploidy for disease recurrence. We combined targeted sequencing, SNP arrays, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry on a retrospective cohort of 84 untreated stage II colon cancer patients. We assessed the clonality of copy-number alterations (CNAs) and mutations, CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration, and their association with time to recurrence. Prognostic factors were included in machine learning analysis to evaluate their ability to predict individual relapse risk. Tumors from recurrent patients displayed a greater proportion of CNAs compared with non-recurrent (mean 31.3% versus 23%, respectively; p = 0.014). Furthermore, patients with elevated tumor CNA load exhibited a higher risk of recurrence compared with those with low levels [p = 0.038; hazard ratio (HR) 2.46], which was confirmed in an independent cohort (p = 0.004; HR 3.82). Candidate chromosome-specific aberrations frequently observed in recurrent cases included gain of the chromosome arm 13q (p = 0.02; HR 2.67) and loss of heterozygosity at 17q22-q24.3 (p = 0.05; HR 2.69). CNA load positively correlated with intratumor heterogeneity (R = 0.52; p < 0.0001). Consistently, incremental subclonal CNAs were associated with an elevated risk of relapse (p = 0.028; HR 2.20), which we did not observe for subclonal single-nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions. The clinico-genomic model rated an area under the curve of 0.83, achieving a 10% incremental gain compared with clinicopathological markers (p = 0.047). In conclusion, tumor aneuploidy and copy-number intratumor heterogeneity were predictive of poor outcome and improved discriminative performance in early-stage colon cancer. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lahoz
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology TeamInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ivan Archilla
- Pathology Department, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena Asensio
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology TeamInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Eva Hernández‐Illán
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology TeamInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Queralt Ferrer
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology TeamInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Sandra López‐Prades
- Pathology Department, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- Molecular Pathology of Lymphoid NeoplasmsInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Javier Del Rey
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity Autonomous of BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Rebeca Sanz‐Pamplona
- Unit of Biomarkers and SusceptibilityOncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) and CIBERESPl'Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain
| | - Juan José Lozano
- Bioinformatics PlatformCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD)MadridSpain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology TeamInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Miriam Cuatrecasas
- Pathology Department, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology TeamInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity Autonomous of BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
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28
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Kumagai K, Shimizu T, Takai A, Kakiuchi N, Takeuchi Y, Hirano T, Takeda H, Mizuguchi A, Teramura M, Ito T, Iguchi E, Nikaido M, Eso Y, Takahashi K, Ueda Y, Miyamoto SI, Obama K, Ogawa S, Marusawa H, Seno H. Expansion of gastric intestinal metaplasia with copy number aberrations contributes to field cancerization. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1712-1723. [PMID: 35363856 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a risk factor for gastric cancer following infection with Helicobacter pylori. To explore the susceptibility of pure gastric IM to cancer development, we investigated genetic alterations in single IM gastric glands. We isolated 50 single IM or non-IM glands from the inflamed gastric mucosa of 11 patients with intramucosal gastric carcinoma (IGC) and 4 patients without IGC; nineteen single glands in the non-inflamed gastric mucosa of 11 individuals from our cohort and previous dataset were also included as controls. Whole exome sequencing of single glands revealed significantly higher accumulation of somatic mutations in various genes within IM glands compared with non-IM glands. Clonal ordering analysis showed that IM glands expanded to form clusters with shared mutations. Additionally, targeted-capture deep sequencing and copy number (CN) analyses were performed in 96 clustered IM or non-IM gastric glands from 26 patients with IGC. CN analyses were also performed on 41 IGC samples and the Cancer Genome Atlas-Stomach Adenocarcinoma datasets. These analyses revealed that polyclonally expanded IM commonly acquired copy number aberrations (CNA), including amplification of chromosomes 8, 20, and 2. A large portion of clustered IM glands typically consisted of common CNAs rather than other cancer-related mutations. Moreover, the CNA patterns of clustered IM glands were similar to those of IGC, indicative of precancerous conditions. Taken together, these findings suggest that, in the gastric mucosa inflamed with H. pylori infection, IM glands expand via acquisition of CNAs comparable to those of IGC, contributing to field cancerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kumagai
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Takai
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Haruhiko Takeda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aya Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mari Teramura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiko Ito
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuji Eso
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Ueda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kazutaka Obama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Seno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Single-Cell Molecular Characterization to Partition the Human Glioblastoma Tumor Microenvironment Genetic Background. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071127. [PMID: 35406690 PMCID: PMC8998055 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GB) is a devastating primary brain malignancy. The recurrence of GB is inevitable despite the standard treatment of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, and the median survival is limited to around 15 months. The barriers to treatment include the complex interactions among the different cellular components inhabiting the tumor microenvironment. The complex heterogeneous nature of GB cells is helped by the local inflammatory tumor microenvironment, which mostly induces tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance. Methods: By using fluorescent multiple labeling and a DEPArray cell separator, we recovered several single cells or groups of single cells from populations of different origins from IDH-WT GB samples. From each GB sample, we collected astrocytes-like (GFAP+), microglia-like (IBA1+), stem-like cells (CD133+), and endothelial-like cells (CD105+) and performed Copy Number Aberration (CNA) analysis with a low sequencing depth. The same tumors were subjected to a bulk CNA analysis. Results: The tumor partition in its single components allowed single-cell molecular subtyping which revealed new aspects of the GB altered genetic background. Conclusions: Nowadays, single-cell approaches are leading to a new understanding of GB physiology and disease. Moreover, single-cell CNAs resource will permit new insights into genome heterogeneity, mutational processes, and clonal evolution in malignant tissues.
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30
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Pedrola A, Franch-Expósito S, Lahoz S, Esteban-Fabró R, Dienstmann R, Bassaganyas L, Camps J. PCIG: a web-based application to explore immune-genomics interactions across cancer types. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:2374-2376. [PMID: 35179562 PMCID: PMC9004641 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Genomic alterations can modulate the tumor immunophenotype depending on their nature and tissue of origin. Although this immune-genomic interaction may shape disease progression and response to immunotherapy, the factors governing such dynamics and the influence of each tissue-specific context remain poorly understood. RESULTS Here, we have developed the PanCancer ImmunoGenomics (PCIG) tool, a web-based resource that provides researchers with the opportunity to mine immunome-genome relationships across several cancer types using data from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole-Genomes (PCAWG) study, which comprises >2,600 samples spanning across 20 different cancer primary sites. PCIG yields an integrative analysis of the crosstalk between somatic genomic alterations and different immune features, thus helping to understand immune response-related processes. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION PCIG is freely available at https://pcig.vhio.net and is supported by all major web browsers. PCIG was developed with Django, which is a Python-based free and open-source framework, and it uses SQL Server as a relational database management system. The code is freely available for download at GitHub https://github.com/AnnaPG/PCIG and in its online supplementary material. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pedrola
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or or
| | - Sebastià Franch-Expósito
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sara Lahoz
- Translational Colorectal Cancer Genomics, Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Team, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Roger Esteban-Fabró
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Dienstmann
- Oncology Data Science (ODysSey) Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Camps
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or or
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31
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Zhao LF, Zhang JG, Qi FY, Hou WY, Li YR, Shen DD, Zhao LJ, Qi L, Liu HM, Zheng YC. SDC: An Integrated Database for Sex Differences in Cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1068-1076. [PMID: 35284049 PMCID: PMC8897669 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences are evident in the incidence and mortality of diverse cancers. With the development of personalized approaches in cancer treatment, the impact of sex differences has not been systematically incorporated into preclinical and clinical cancer research. The molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in cancer have not been elucidated. Here, we developed the first database of Sex Differences in Cancer (SDC), a web-based public database that integrates resources from multiple databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx), UCSC Xena, Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC). SDC contains 27 types of cancers, 6 types of molecular data, more than 10,000 donors, 977 cancer cell lines were used to analyze sex differences among cancers. It provides five main modules: Survival and phenotype, Molecular differences, Signatures and pathways, Therapy response, Download. Users can download the all the visualized results and raw data after analysis. Collectively, SDC is the first integrated database to analyze sex differences in cancer on the web server, which will strengthen our understanding of the role of sex in cancers. It is implemented in Shiny-server and freely available for public use at http://sdc.anticancer.xyz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Zhao
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Feng-Yu Qi
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wei-Yan Hou
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yin-Rui Li
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhao
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lin Qi
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Corresponding authors at: Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China (H.M. Liu and Y.C. Zheng).
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Corresponding authors at: Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China (H.M. Liu and Y.C. Zheng).
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Corresponding authors at: Key Lab of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China (H.M. Liu and Y.C. Zheng).
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Krishnan M, Senagolage MD, Baeten JT, Wolfgeher DJ, Khan S, Kron SJ, McNerney ME. Genomic studies controvert the existence of the CUX1 p75 isoform. Sci Rep 2022; 12:151. [PMID: 34997000 PMCID: PMC8741762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CUX1, encoding a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, is recurrently deleted or mutated in multiple tumor types. In myeloid neoplasms, CUX1 deletion or mutation carries a poor prognosis. We have previously established that CUX1 functions as a tumor suppressor in hematopoietic cells across multiple organisms. Others, however, have described oncogenic functions of CUX1 in solid tumors, often attributed to truncated CUX1 isoforms, p75 and p110, generated by an alternative transcriptional start site or post-translational cleavage, respectively. Given the clinical relevance, it is imperative to clarify these discrepant activities. Herein, we sought to determine the CUX1 isoforms expressed in hematopoietic cells and find that they express the full-length p200 isoform. Through the course of this analysis, we found no evidence of the p75 alternative transcript in any cell type examined. Using an array of orthogonal approaches, including biochemistry, proteomics, CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing, and analysis of functional genomics datasets across a spectrum of normal and malignant tissue types, we found no data to support the existence of the CUX1 p75 isoform as previously described. Based on these results, prior studies of p75 require reevaluation, including the interpretation of oncogenic roles attributed to CUX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Krishnan
- Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jeremy T Baeten
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donald J Wolfgeher
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Saira Khan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen J Kron
- Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,The University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Megan E McNerney
- Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,The University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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33
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Kaur P, Porras TB, Colombo A, Ring A, Lu J, Kang I, Lang JE. Identification of putative actionable alterations in clinically relevant genes in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1270-1284. [PMID: 34455425 PMCID: PMC8548334 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01522-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individualising treatment in breast cancer requires effective predictive biomarkers. While relatively few genomic aberrations are clinically relevant, there is a need for characterising patients across different subtypes to identify actionable alterations. METHODS We identified genomic alterations in 49 potentially actionable genes for which drugs are available either clinically or via clinical trials. We explored the landscape of mutations and copy number alterations (CNAs) in actionable genes in seven breast cancer subtypes utilising The Cancer Genome Atlas. To dissect the genomic complexity, we analysed the patterns of co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity in actionable genes. RESULTS We found that >30% of tumours harboured putative actionable events that are targetable by currently available drugs. We identified genes that had multiple targetable alterations, representing candidate targets for combination therapy. Genes predicted to be drivers in primary breast tumours fell into five categories: mTOR pathway, immune checkpoints, oestrogen signalling, tumour suppression and DNA damage repair. Our analysis also revealed that CNAs in 34/49 (69%) and mutations in 13/49 (26%) genes were significantly associated with gene expression, validating copy number events as a dominant oncogenic mechanism in breast cancer. CONCLUSION These results may enable the acceleration of personalised therapy and improve clinical outcomes in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpinder Kaur
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tania B Porras
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Colombo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Ring
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janice Lu
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and University of Southern California Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Irene Kang
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and University of Southern California Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julie E Lang
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Division of Breast Services, Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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34
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Redman-Rivera LN, Shaver TM, Jin H, Marshall CB, Schafer JM, Sheng Q, Hongo RA, Beckermann KE, Wheeler FC, Lehmann BD, Pietenpol JA. Acquisition of aneuploidy drives mutant p53-associated gain-of-function phenotypes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5184. [PMID: 34465782 PMCID: PMC8408227 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 is mutated in over half of human cancers. In addition to losing wild-type (WT) tumor-suppressive function, mutant p53 proteins are proposed to acquire gain-of-function (GOF) activity, leading to novel oncogenic phenotypes. To study mutant p53 GOF mechanisms and phenotypes, we genetically engineered non-transformed and tumor-derived WT p53 cell line models to express endogenous missense mutant p53 (R175H and R273H) or to be deficient for p53 protein (null). Characterization of the models, which initially differed only by TP53 genotype, revealed that aneuploidy frequently occurred in mutant p53-expressing cells. GOF phenotypes occurred clonally in vitro and in vivo, were independent of p53 alteration and correlated with increased aneuploidy. Further, analysis of outcome data revealed that individuals with aneuploid-high tumors displayed unfavorable prognoses, regardless of the TP53 genotype. Our results indicate that genetic variation resulting from aneuploidy accounts for the diversity of previously reported mutant p53 GOF phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay N. Redman-Rivera
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Timothy M. Shaver
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA ,Inscripta, Inc, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Hailing Jin
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Clayton B. Marshall
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA ,grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Johanna M. Schafer
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA ,grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Quanhu Sheng
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Rachel A. Hongo
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Kathryn E. Beckermann
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Ferrin C. Wheeler
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Brian D. Lehmann
- grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA ,grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Jennifer A. Pietenpol
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA ,grid.412807.80000 0004 1936 9916Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
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35
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Erkizan HV, Sukhadia S, Natarajan TG, Marino G, Notario V, Lichy JH, Wadleigh RG. Exome sequencing identifies novel somatic variants in African American esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14814. [PMID: 34285259 PMCID: PMC8292420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer has a strikingly low survival rate mainly due to the lack of diagnostic markers for early detection and effective therapies. In the U.S., 75% of individuals diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are of African descent. African American ESCC (AA ESCC) is particularly aggressive, and its biological underpinnings remain poorly understood. We sought to identify the genomic abnormalities by conducting whole exome sequencing of 10 pairs of matched AA esophageal squamous cell tumor and control tissues. Genomic analysis revealed diverse somatic mutations, copy number alterations (SCNAs), and potential cancer driver genes. Exome variants created two subgroups carrying either a high or low tumor mutation burden. Somatic mutational analysis based on the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) detected SBS16 as the prominent signature in the high mutation rate group suggesting increased DNA damage. SBS26 was also detected, suggesting possible defects in mismatch repair and microsatellite instability. We found SCNAs in multiple chromosome segments, encoding MYC on 8q24.21, PIK3CA and SOX2 on 3q26, CCND1, SHANK2, CTTN on 11q13.3, and KRAS on 12p12. Amplifications of EGFRvIII and EGFRvIVa mutants were observed in two patients, representing a novel finding in ESCC that has potential clinical relevance. This present exome sequencing, which to our knowledge, represents the first comprehensive exome analysis exclusively in AA ESCC, and highlights novel mutated loci that might explain the aggressive nature of AA ESCC and lead to the development of diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayriye Verda Erkizan
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | | | - Gustavo Marino
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vicente Notario
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jack H Lichy
- Pathology and Laboratory Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert G Wadleigh
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Hematology and Medical Oncology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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36
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Wong QHW, Li KKW, Wang WW, Malta TM, Noushmehr H, Grabovska Y, Jones C, Chan AKY, Kwan JSH, Huang QJQ, Wong GCH, Li WC, Liu XZ, Chen H, Chan DTM, Mao Y, Zhang ZY, Shi ZF, Ng HK. Molecular landscape of IDH-mutant primary astrocytoma Grade IV/glioblastomas. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:1245-1260. [PMID: 33692446 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
WHO 2016 classified glioblastomas into IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype with the former having a better prognosis but there was no study on IDH-mutant primary glioblastomas only, as previous series included secondary glioblastomas. We recruited a series of 67 IDH-mutant primary glioblastomas/astrocytoma IV without a prior low-grade astrocytoma and examined them using DNA-methylation profiling, targeted sequencing, RNA sequencing and TERT promoter sequencing, and correlated the molecular findings with clinical parameters. The median OS of 39.4 months of 64 cases and PFS of 25.9 months of 57 cases were better than the survival data of IDH-wildtype glioblastomas and IDH-mutant secondary glioblastomas retrieved from datasets. The molecular features often seen in glioblastomas, such as EGFR amplification, combined +7/-10, and TERT promoter mutations were only observed in 6/53 (11.3%), 4/53 (7.5%), and 2/67 (3.0%) cases, respectively, and gene fusions were found only in two cases. The main mechanism for telomere maintenance appeared to be alternative lengthening of telomeres as ATRX mutation was found in 34/53 (64.2%) cases. In t-SNE analyses of DNA-methylation profiles, with an exceptional of one case, a majority of our cases clustered to IDH-mutant high-grade astrocytoma subclass (40/53; 75.5%) and the rest to IDH-mutant astrocytoma subclass (12/53; 22.6%). The latter was also enriched with G-CIMP high cases (12/12; 100%). G-CIMP-high status and MGMT promoter methylation were independent good prognosticators for OS (p = 0.022 and p = 0.002, respectively) and TP53 mutation was an independent poor prognosticator (p = 0.013) when correlated with other clinical parameters. Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B was not correlated with OS (p = 0.197) and PFS (p = 0.278). PDGFRA amplification or mutation was found in 16/59 (27.1%) of cases and was correlated with G-CIMP-low status (p = 0.010). Aside from the three well-known pathways of pathogenesis in glioblastomas, chromatin modifying and mismatch repair pathways were common aberrations (88.7% and 20.8%, respectively), the former due to high frequency of ATRX involvement. We conclude that IDH-mutant primary glioblastomas have better prognosis than secondary glioblastomas and have major molecular differences from other commoner glioblastomas. G-CIMP subgroups, MGMT promoter methylation, and TP53 mutation are useful prognostic adjuncts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queenie Hoi-Wing Wong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kay Ka-Wai Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tathiane M Malta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yura Grabovska
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Aden Ka-Yin Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Johnny Sheung-Him Kwan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Queenie Jun-Qi Huang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabriel Chun-Hei Wong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen-Cai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danny Tat-Ming Chan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ho-Keung Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Multiregional Sequencing of IDH-WT Glioblastoma Reveals High Genetic Heterogeneity and a Dynamic Evolutionary History. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092044. [PMID: 33922652 PMCID: PMC8122908 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain malignancy in adults. In addition to extensive inter-patient heterogeneity, glioblastoma shows intra-tumor extensive cellular and molecular heterogeneity, both spatially and temporally. This heterogeneity is one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis and overall survival. Moreover, it raises the important question of whether the molecular characterization of a single biopsy sample, as performed in standard diagnostics, actually represents the entire lesion. In this study, we sequenced the whole exome of nine spatially different cancer regions of three primary glioblastomas. We characterized their mutational profiles and copy number alterations, with implications for our understanding of tumor biology in relation to clonal architecture and evolutionary dynamics, as well as therapeutically relevant alterations. Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most common and lethal primary neoplasms of the brain. Patient survival has not improved significantly over the past three decades and the patient median survival is just over one year. Tumor heterogeneity is thought to be a major determinant of therapeutic failure and a major reason for poor overall survival. This work aims to comprehensively define intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity by mapping the genomic and mutational landscape of multiple areas of three primary IDH wild-type (IDH-WT) glioblastomas. Using whole exome sequencing, we explored how copy number variation, chromosomal and single loci amplifications/deletions, and mutational burden are spatially distributed across nine different tumor regions. The results show that all tumors exhibit a different signature despite the same diagnosis. Above all, a high inter-tumor heterogeneity emerges. The evolutionary dynamics of all identified mutations within each region underline the questionable value of a single biopsy and thus the therapeutic approach for the patient. Multiregional collection and subsequent sequencing are essential to try to address the clinical challenge of precision medicine. Especially in glioblastoma, this approach could provide powerful support to pathologists and oncologists in evaluating the diagnosis and defining the best treatment option.
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Bassaganyas L, Pinyol R, Esteban-Fabró R, Torrens L, Torrecilla S, Willoughby CE, Franch-Expósito S, Vila-Casadesús M, Salaverria I, Montal R, Mazzaferro V, Camps J, Sia D, Llovet JM. Copy-Number Alteration Burden Differentially Impacts Immune Profiles and Molecular Features of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:6350-6361. [PMID: 32873569 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of cancer that results in broad and focal copy-number alterations (CNAs), two events associated with distinct molecular, immunologic, and clinical features. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of CNAs has not been thoroughly assessed. Thus, we dissected the impact of CNA burdens on HCC molecular and immune features. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed SNP array data from 452 paired tumor/adjacent resected HCCs and 25 dysplastic nodules. For each sample, broad and focal CNA burdens were quantified using CNApp, and the resulting broad scores (BS) and focal scores (FS) were correlated with transcriptomic, mutational, and methylation profiles, tumor immune composition, and clinicopathologic data. RESULTS HCCs with low broad CNA burdens (defined as BS ≤ 4; 17%) presented high inflammation, active infiltrate signaling, high cytolytic activity, and enrichment of the "HCC immune class" and gene signatures related to antigen presentation. Conversely, tumors with chromosomal instability (high broad CNA loads, BS ≥ 11; 40%), displayed immune-excluded traits and were linked to proliferation, TP53 dysfunction, and DNA repair. Candidate determinants of the low cytotoxicity and immune exclusion features of high-BS tumors included alterations in antigen-presenting machinery (i.e., HLA), widespread hypomethylation, and decreased rates of observed/expected neoantigenic mutations. High FSs were independent of tumor immune features, but were related to proliferation, TP53 dysfunction, and progenitor cell traits. CONCLUSIONS HCCs with high chromosomal instability exhibit features of immune exclusion, whereas tumors displaying low burdens of broad CNAs present an immune active profile. These CNA scores can be tested to predict response to immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Bassaganyas
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roger Esteban-Fabró
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laura Torrens
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sara Torrecilla
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Catherine E Willoughby
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastià Franch-Expósito
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Itziar Salaverria
- Lymphoid Neoplasms Program, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Tumores Hematológicos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERonc), Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Montal
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaferro
- Gastrointestinal Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Jordi Camps
- Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniela Sia
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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39
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Kaur P, Campo D, Porras TB, Ring A, Lu J, Chairez Y, Su Y, Kang I, Lang JE. A Pilot Study for the Feasibility of Exome-Sequencing in Circulating Tumor Cells Versus Single Metastatic Biopsies in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144826. [PMID: 32650480 PMCID: PMC7402350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The comparison of the landscape of somatic alterations in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) versus metastases is challenging. Here, we comprehensively characterized the somatic landscape in bulk (amplified and non-amplified), spike-in breast cancer cells, CTCs, and metastases from breast cancer patients using whole-exome sequencing (WES). We determined the level of genomic concordance for somatic nucleotide variants (SNVs), copy number alterations (CNAs), and structural variants (SVs). The variant allele fractions (VAFs) of somatic variants were remarkably similar between amplified and non-amplified cell line samples as technical replicates. In clinical samples, a significant fraction of somatic variants had low VAFs in CTCs compared to metastases. The most frequently recurrent gene mutations in clinical samples were associated with an elevated C > T mutational signature. We found complex rearrangement patterns including intra- and inter-chromosomal rearrangements, singleton, and recurrent gene fusions, and tandem duplications. We observed high molecular discordance for somatic alterations between paired samples consistent with marked heterogeneity of the somatic landscape. The most prevalent copy number calls were focal deletion events in CTCs and metastases. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of an integrated workflow for the identification of a complete repertoire of somatic alterations and highlight the intrapatient genomic differences that occur between CTCs and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpinder Kaur
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (P.K.); (Y.S.)
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (J.L.); (I.K.)
| | - Daniel Campo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;
| | - Tania B. Porras
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
| | - Alexander Ring
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Janice Lu
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (J.L.); (I.K.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and University of Southern California Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yvonne Chairez
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Yunyun Su
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (P.K.); (Y.S.)
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (J.L.); (I.K.)
| | - Irene Kang
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (J.L.); (I.K.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and University of Southern California Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Julie E. Lang
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (P.K.); (Y.S.)
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (J.L.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(323)-442-8140
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