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Naiyer S, Dwivedi L, Singh N, Phulera S, Mohan V, Kamran M. Role of Transcription Factor BEND3 and Its Potential Effect on Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3685. [PMID: 37509346 PMCID: PMC10377563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BEND3 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in mammals. While there is limited research on the role of BEND3 as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene and its potential role in cancer therapy is still emerging, several studies suggest that it may be involved in both the processes. Its interaction and regulation with multiple other factors via p21 have already been reported to play a significant role in cancer development, which serves as an indication of its potential role in oncogenesis. Its interaction with chromatin modifiers such as NuRD and NoRC and its role in the recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) are some of the additional events indicative of its potential role in cancer development. Moreover, a few recent studies indicate BEND3 as a potential target for cancer therapy. Since the specific mechanisms by which BEND3 may contribute to cancer progression are not yet fully elucidated, in this review, we have discussed the possible pathways BEND3 may take to serve as an oncogenic driver or suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Naiyer
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lalita Dwivedi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Nishant Singh
- Cell and Gene Therapy Division Absorption System, Exton, PA 19341, USA
| | - Swastik Phulera
- Initium Therapeutics, 22 Strathmore Rd., STE 453, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Vijay Mohan
- Department of Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, UP, India
| | - Mohammad Kamran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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2
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Su CM, Tsai CH, Chen HT, Wu YS, Chang JW, Yang SF, Tang CH. Melatonin improves muscle injury and differentiation by increasing Pax7 expression. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:1049-1062. [PMID: 36923937 PMCID: PMC10008686 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A balance between muscle injury and regeneration is critical for sustaining muscle function during myogenesis. Melatonin is well recognized for its involvement in neuroprotective activities, immune system regulation and suppression of inflammatory responses. This study set out to provide evidence that melatonin improves muscle regeneration during skeletal muscle differentiation. We began with cloning a stable cell line expressing Pax7 knockdown C2C12 cells. We then investigated markers of muscle degradation and regeneration after treating growth medium and differentiated medium with melatonin. Bioinformatics analysis of RNA sequencing results revealed that melatonin regulates muscle differentiation and that Wnt cascades are involved in the mechanism of muscle differentiation. Screening of miRNA online databases revealed that miR-3475-3p is a specific binding site on Pax7 and acts as a negative regulator of Pax7, which is involved in melatonin-induced muscle differentiation. We then investigated the effects of melatonin treatment in the early stage of glycerol-induced skeletal muscle injury in mice. Rotarod performance, micro-computed tomography and immunohistochemistry findings showed that melatonin-induced increases in Pax7 expression rapidly rescue skeletal muscle differentiation and improve muscle fiber morphology in glycerol-induced muscle injury. Our data support the hypothesis that melatonin rapidly rescues skeletal muscle differentiation and the melatonin/Pax7 axis could therefore serve as an important therapeutic target to optimize muscle healing after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Te Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Spine Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Way Chang
- Program of Biotechnology and Biomedical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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3
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Kallenbach J, Atri Roozbahani G, Heidari Horestani M, Baniahmad A. Distinct mechanisms mediating therapy-induced cellular senescence in prostate cancer. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:200. [PMID: 36522745 PMCID: PMC9753376 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is an age-related malignancy in men with a high incidence rate. PCa treatments face many obstacles due to cancer cell resistance and many bypassing mechanisms to escape therapy. According to the intricacy of PCa, many standard therapies are being used depending on PCa stages including radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapy (androgen deprivation therapy, supraphysiological androgen, and AR antagonists) and chemotherapy. Most of the aforementioned therapies have been implicated to induce cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is defined as a stable cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and is one of the mechanisms that prevent cancer proliferation. RESULTS In this review, we provide and analyze different mechanisms of therapy-induced senescence (TIS) in PCa and their effects on the tumor. Interestingly, it seems that different molecular pathways are used by cancer cells for TIS. Understanding the complexity and underlying mechanisms of cellular senescence is very critical due to its role in tumorigenesis. The most prevalent analyzed pathways in PCa as TIS are the p53/p21WAF1/CIP1, the p15INK4B/p16INK4A/pRb/E2F/Cyclin D, the ROS/ERK, p27Kip1/CDK/pRb, and the p27Kip1/Skp2/C/EBP β signaling. Despite growth inhibition, senescent cells are highly metabolically active. In addition, their secretome, which is termed senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), affects within the tumor microenvironment neighboring non-tumor and tumor cells and thereby may regulate the growth of tumors. Induction of cancer cell senescence is therefore a double-edged sword that can lead to reduced or enhanced tumor growth. CONCLUSION Thus, dependent on the type of senescence inducer and the specific senescence-induced cellular pathway, it is useful to develop pathway-specific senolytic compounds to specifically targeting senescent cells in order to evict senescent cells and thereby to reduce SASP side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kallenbach
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Golnaz Atri Roozbahani
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Mehdi Heidari Horestani
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07740 Jena, Germany
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Chen MC, Baskaran R, Lee NH, Hsu HH, Ho TJ, Tu CC, Lin YM, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. CXCL2/CXCR2 axis induces cancer stem cell characteristics in CPT-11-resistant LoVo colon cancer cells via Gαi-2 and Gαq/11. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:11822-11834. [PMID: 30552676 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist in colon cancer and exhibit characteristics of stem cells which are due to lineages of tissues where they arise. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-undergoing cancer cells display CSC properties and therapeutic resistance. Cancer and stromal cells comprise of a tumor microenvironment. One way the two populations communicate with each other is to secret CXC ligands (CXCLs). CXCLs are capable of causing chemotaxis of specific types of stromal cells and control angiogenesis. Double immunofluorescence, western blot analysis, and colony-formation assay were carried out to compare parental and CPT-11-resistant LoVo cells. CPT-11-R LoVo colon cancer cells showed increased expression of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL8. They displayed significantly increased intracellular protein levels of CXCL2 and CXCR2. CPT-11-R LoVo cells showed significantly elevated expression in aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). CXCL2 knockdown by short hairpin RNA resulted in reduced expression of CSC proteins, cyclins, EMT markers, G proteins, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Finally, Gαi-2 was found to promote expression of CSC genes and tumorigenesis which were more apparent in the resistant cells. In addition, Gαq/11 showed a similar pattern with exceptions of EpCAM and MMP9. Therefore, CXCL2-CXCR2 axis mediates through Gαi-2 and Gαq/11 to promote tumorigenesis and contributes to CSC properties of CPT-11-R LoVo cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Cheng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Hung Lee
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chou Tu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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5
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Chen YA, Shih HW, Lin YC, Hsu HY, Wu TF, Tsai CH, Wu CL, Wu HY, Hsieh JT, Tang CH, Lai CH. Simvastatin Sensitizes Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells by Compromising DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:600. [PMID: 29950990 PMCID: PMC6008406 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent male cancers in western world. Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used to treat PCa patients. However, a certain proportion of patients develop radioresistant PCa cells, which results in metastatic disease. Statins, which inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, are commonly used to treat hypercholesterolemia, exhibiting beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases and on several types of cancers, including PCa. However, the mechanistic details and crosstalk between statins and RT in PCa cells remain unknown. In this study, radioresistant DOC-2/DAB2 interactive protein (DAB2IP)-deficient PCa cells were used to evaluate whether simvastatin could enhance the effect of ionizing radiation (IR). The crucial molecules that associated with simvastatin elevated radiosensitivity in PCa cells were explored. Our results demonstrated that a combination treatment with simvastatin and IR synergistically induced apoptosis of radioresistant PCa cells. In addition, simvastatin appeared to compromise DNA double-strand breaks repair by activating the expressions of histone 2A family member X (γ-H2AX) and phospho-checkpoint kinase 1 (p-CHK1), suggesting an underlying mechanism for this radiosensitization of PCa cells. These findings reveal that simvastatin may be a potent therapeutic agent for co-treatment with radiation to overcome radioresistance in PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Wei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ying Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Fang Wu
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Han Tsai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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6
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Goicochea NL, Garnovskaya M, Blanton MG, Chan G, Weisbart R, Lilly MB. Development of cell-penetrating bispecific antibodies targeting the N-terminal domain of androgen receptor for prostate cancer therapy†. Protein Eng Des Sel 2017; 30:785-793. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzx058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy L Goicochea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Maria Garnovskaya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Mary G Blanton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, 16111 Plummer St., Sepulveda, CA 91343, USA
| | - Richard Weisbart
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, 16111 Plummer St., Sepulveda, CA 91343, USA
| | - Michael B Lilly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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7
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Chen HY, Chen CJ, Chen WC, Wang SJ, Chen YH. A promising protein responsible for overactive bladder in ovariectomized mice. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 56:196-203. [PMID: 28420508 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovariectomy (OVX) in mice is a model mimicking a neuro-electronic proof of an overactive bladder in postmenopausal women. Overactive bladder (OAB) was recently found to be due to an altered gap junction protein in a rat model. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate changes in cell junction protein expression and composition in the bladder of OVX mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six virgin female mice were randomized into three groups: mice with a sham operation only (control), OVX mice without estradiol (E2) replacement, and OVX mice with E2 replacement (OVX + E2). Cystometry assessment was conducted and cell junction-associated protein zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) expression was measured after 8 weeks. Voiding interval values (time between voids) were assessed in mice under anesthesia. After measurements, the bladders were removed for proteomic analysis using the label-free quantitative proteomics and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology. Lastly, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot were used to confirm the location and level, respectively, of ZO-2 expression. RESULTS We identified 73 differentially expressed proteins in the bladder of OVX mice. The OVX mice showed significantly lower voiding interval values. Voiding interval values were significantly higher in the OVX + E2 group than in the OVX group. Urothelial thicknesses in the bladder were also significantly lower in the OVX group than in the control group. E2 replacement reversed the urothelium layers. Additionally, the expression of ZO-2, a tight junction protein, was the most affected by OVX treatment. IHC and Western blot confirmed the downregulation of ZO-2 in the bladder of OVX mice. Expression of ZO-2 protein was significantly increased in OVX + E2 group compared with OVX group. CONCLUSION This exploratory study estimated changes in protein expression and composition in the bladder of OVX mice. These changes may be associated with the molecular mechanisms of OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research, and Urology, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research, and Urology, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research, and Urology, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jing Wang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research, and Urology, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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8
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Hsu HH, Kuo WW, Day CH, Shibu MA, Li SY, Chang SH, Shih HN, Chen RJ, Viswanadha VP, Kuo YH, Huang CY. Taiwanin E inhibits cell migration in human LoVo colon cancer cells by suppressing MMP-2/9 expression via p38 MAPK pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2021-2031. [PMID: 27807932 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Taiwanin E is a natural compound which is structurally analogous to estrogen II and is abundantly found in Taiwania cryptomerioides. It has been previously reported for its anticancer effects; however, the pharmaceutical effect of Taiwanin E on Human LoVo colon cancer cells is not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of Taiwanin E on metastasis and the associated mechanism of action on Human LoVo colon cancer cells with respect to the modulations in their cell migration and signaling pathways associated with migration. The results showed that Taiwanin E inhibited cell migration ability correlated with reduced expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition, Taiwanin E induced activation of p38 through phosphorylation. Inhibition of p38α/β significantly abolished the effect of Taiwanin E on cell migration and MMP-2/-9 activity. Our results conclude that Taiwanin E inhibited cell migration chiefly via p38α MAPK pathway and in a lesser extend via p38β MAPK. The results elucidate the potential of the phytoestrogen natural compound Taiwanin E as a cancer therapeutic agent in inhibiting the cell migration. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 2021-2031, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nursing Division, Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cecilia Hsuan Day
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingguang Road, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | | | - Shin-Yi Li
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Huang Chang
- Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Nung Shih
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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9
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Hsu HH, Lin YM, Shen CY, Shibu MA, Li SY, Chang SH, Lin CC, Chen RJ, Viswanadha VP, Shih HN, Huang CY. Prostaglandin E2-Induced COX-2 Expressions via EP2 and EP4 Signaling Pathways in Human LoVo Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1132. [PMID: 28587064 PMCID: PMC5485956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the most dangerous risk faced by patients with hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been observed in several types of human cancers and regulates the efficacy of many therapies. Here, we show that treatment with various concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 0, 1, 5 or 10 μM) promotes the migration ability of the human LoVo colon cancer cell line. As demonstrated by mRNA and protein expression analyses, EP2 and EP4 are the major PGE2 receptors expressed on the LoVo cell membrane. The Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt cell survival pathway was upregulated by EP2 and EP4 activation. Following the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, β-catenin translocated into the nucleus and triggered COX2 transcription via LEF-1 and TCF-4 and its subsequent translation. COX2 expression correlated with the elevation in the migration ability of LoVo cells. The experimental evidence shows a possible mechanism by which PGE2 induces cancer cell migration and further suggests PGE2 to be a potential therapeutic target in colon cancer metastasis. On inhibition of PGE2, in order to determine the downstream pathway, the levels of PI3K/Akt pathway were suppressed and the β-catenin expression was also modulated. Inhibition of EP2 and EP4 shows that PGE2 induces protein expression of COX-2 through EP2 and EP4 receptors in LoVo colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Freshwater 25160, Taiwan.
- Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei 10449, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
- Medical Technology, Jen-The Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingguang Road, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Yi Li
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Huang Chang
- Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taipei 10058, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | | | - Hui-Nung Shih
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Freshwater 25160, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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10
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Lin LH, Siu JJY, Liao PC, Chiang JH, Chou PC, Chen HY, Ho TJ, Tsai MY, Chen YH, Chen WC. Association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hemorrhoids: A nationwide cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6281. [PMID: 28272246 PMCID: PMC5348194 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, a specific physiological and pathological relationship exists between the lungs and the large intestine. The aim of this study is to delineate the association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hemorrhoids in order to verify the "interior-exterior" relationship between the lungs and the large intestine. A retrospective cohort study is conceived from the National Health Insurance Research Database, Taiwan. The 2 samples (COPD cohort and non-COPD cohort) were selected from the 2000 to 2003 beneficiaries of the NHI, representing patients age 20 and older in Taiwan, with the follow-up ending on December 31, 2011. The COPD cohort (n = 51,506) includes every patient newly diagnosed as having Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD, ICD-9-CM: 490-492, 494, 496), who have made at least 2 confirmed visits to the hospital/clinic. The non-COPD cohort (n = 103,012) includes patients without COPD and is selected via a 1:2 (COPD: non-COPD) matching by age group (per 5 years), gender, and index date (diagnosis date of COPD for the COPD cohort). Compared with non-COPD cohorts, patients with COPD have a higher likelihood of having hemorrhoids and the age-, gender- and comorbidies-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for hemorrhoids is 1.56 (95% confidence intervals [CI]:1.50-1.62). The adjusted HR of hemorrhoids for females is 0.79 (95% CI: 0.77-0.83), which is significantly less than that for males. The elderly groups, 40 to 59 years and aged 60 or above, have higher adjusted HRs than younger age groups (20-39 years), 1.19 (95% CI: 1.14-1.26), and 1.18 (95% CI: 1.12-1.24), respectively. Patients with COPD may have a higher likelihood to have hemorrhoids in this retrospective cohort study. This study verifies the fundamental theorem of TCM that there is a definite pathogenic association between the lungs and large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Hwa Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Division of Chinese Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan
| | - Justin Ji-Yuen Siu
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Departments of Urology, Chinese Medicine, Medical Research, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Po-Chi Liao
- Department of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Departments of Urology, Chinese Medicine, Medical Research, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Pei-Chi Chou
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Departments of Urology, Chinese Medicine, Medical Research, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Huey-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Departments of Urology, Chinese Medicine, Medical Research, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Division of Chinese Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan
- Division of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin
| | - Ming-Yen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Departments of Urology, Chinese Medicine, Medical Research, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung
| | - Wen-Chi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung
- Departments of Urology, Chinese Medicine, Medical Research, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
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11
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Chen YA, Lien HM, Kao MC, Lo UG, Lin LC, Lin CJ, Chang SJ, Chen CC, Hsieh JT, Lin H, Tang CH, Lai CH. Sensitization of Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells by Resveratrol Isolated from Arachis hypogaea Stems. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169204. [PMID: 28081154 PMCID: PMC5231355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RV, 3,4ʹ,5-trihydroxystilbene) is naturally produced by a wide variety of plants including grapes and peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). However, the yield of RV from peanut stem and its potential radiosensitizing effects in prostate cancer (PCa) have not been well investigated. In this study, we characterized RV in peanut stem extract (PSE) for the first time and showed that both RV and PSE dose-dependently induced cell death in DOC-2/DAB2 interactive protein (DAB2IP)-deficient PCa cells with the radioresistant phenotype. Furthermore, the combination of radiation with either RV or PSE induced the death of radioresistant PCa cells through delayed repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) and prolonged G2/M arrest, which induced apoptosis. The administration of RV and PSE effectively enhanced radiation therapy in the shDAB2IP PCa xenograft mouse model. These results demonstrate the promising synergistic effect of RV and PSE combined with radiation in the treatment of radioresistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Man Lien
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chuan Kao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - U-Ging Lo
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Li-Chiung Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sheau-Jiun Chang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dachien General Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Chen
- School of Management, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HL); (JTH); (CHT); (CHL)
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (HL); (JTH); (CHT); (CHL)
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (HL); (JTH); (CHT); (CHL)
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (HL); (JTH); (CHT); (CHL)
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12
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Wu SY, Chen HY, Tsai KS, Chiang JH, Muo CH, Sung FC, Chen YH, Chen WC. Long-Term Therapy With Wu-Ling-San, a Popular Antilithic Chinese Herbal Formula, Did Not Prevent Subsequent Stone Surgery: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 2016; 53:53/0/0046958016681148. [PMID: 27932514 PMCID: PMC5798738 DOI: 10.1177/0046958016681148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), which is widely used to treat pain and urolithiasis, is a promising therapy for urinary stone prevention. This study investigated the clinical efficacy of a popular CHM, Wu-Ling-San (WLS), in Taiwan for the prophylaxis of recurrent nephrolithiasis as assessed by surgical stone treatment via a nationwide population-based cohort study. The National Health Insurance Research Database, 2000–2010, which included one million patient records. All patients diagnosed with stone disease at the beginning of the study. The matched controls (4-fold the number of WLS patients) were stone patients who did not take WLS. Data analysis included the stone surgeries following the first treatment. We enrolled 11 900 patients with stone disease, and the incidence of stone patients in this database was 1.19%. The prevalence of comorbidities such as benign prostate hyperplasia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and urinary tract infection, but not hypertension, was significantly higher in WLS users. Several patients in both groups were prescribed potassium citrate. The stone treatment rate was significantly higher in WLS users (17.85%) than in the non-WLS users (14.47%). WLS users with an associated comorbidity had a higher treatment rate than the non-WLS users: 21.05% versus 16.70%, respectively. The surgery rate for upper urinary tract stones was higher in WLS users than in the non-WLS users (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.52; P < .05). The stone treatment rate (52.79%) was significantly higher in patients who used a very high amount of WLS (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.02; 95% confidence interval, 2.30-3.98). Stone patients using a high amount of WLS use had a high stone surgical rate. Long-term therapy with WLS did not have a preventive effect on stone surgical treatment. Long-term potassium citrate therapy as a preventive measure appeared to be underutilized in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kao-Sung Tsai
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Chen SY, Hsu YM, Lin YJ, Huang YC, Chen CJ, Lin WD, Liao WL, Chen YT, Lin WY, Liu YH, Yang JS, Sheu JC, Tsai FJ. Current concepts regarding developmental mechanisms in diabetic retinopathy in Taiwan. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2016; 6:7. [PMID: 27154195 PMCID: PMC4859317 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-016-0007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most feared complications of diabetes and is a leading cause of acquired blindness in working adults. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in Taiwan is about 4%, and the annual incidence of T2D (Type 2 Diabetes) in Taiwan is 1.8% following the 1985 WHO criteria. Multiple mechanisms have been shown in T2DR with some signaling pathways, including the polyol pathway, PKC pathway, AGEs pathway, and MAPK pathway. However, the cause of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy is complex and remains incompletely understood. Herein, we try to fully understand the new concepts regarding hyperglycemia-induced biochemical pathways contributing to DR pathophysiology. Our work may be able to provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yin Chen
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-De Lin
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lin Liao
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yng-Tay Chen
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yong Lin
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huei Liu
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh Der Road, 404, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, 404, Taichung, Taiwan.
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14
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Norum J, Traasdahl ER, Totth A, Nieder C, Olsen JA. Health Economics and Radium-223 (Xofigo®) in the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC): A Case History and a Systematic Review of the Literature. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8:1-9. [PMID: 26573043 PMCID: PMC4873580 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in Western countries. Recent advances in the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have caused significant pressure on health care budgets. We aimed to exemplify this dilemma presenting an example, radium-223 (Xofigo®), and review the literature. Methods: A 74-year-old man diagnosed with mCRPC was referred to our department in October 2014 for radium-223 therapy. We faced the following dilemma: is radium-223 standard therapy? Is it cost-effective? Medline was searched employing the following search criteria: “radium-223”, “alpharadin”, “Xofigo” and “prostate”. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were applied. Guidelines and cost-effectiveness analyses were focused. We also searched the websites of ASCO, ESMO and ISPOR. The web was searched, using Yahoo and Google search engines, for Health Technology Assessments (HTAs). Results: 181 publications were identified in the Medline database. Only four studies included the word “cost”, three “economics” and none “budget” in heading or abstract. None of the publications were thorough of cost analysis (cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, cost-minimizing or cost-of-illness analysis). Six HTAs and eight national guidelines were identified. The cost per quality adjusted life years was indicated €80.000-94,000. HTAs concluded reimbursement being not recommendable or no ultimate statement could be made. One pointed towards a limited use with caution. Conclusion: Guidelines were based on data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Health economics was not considered when guidelines were made. Most HTAs concluded this therapy not cost-effective or there was insufficient data for final conclusions. Licensing and reimbursement processes should be run simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Norum
- 1Northern Norway Regional Health Authority Trust, Bodø, Norway. 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical Imaging Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; 3Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway;.
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15
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Lai CH, Chang CS, Liu HH, Tsai YS, Hsu FM, Yu YL, Lai CK, Gandee L, Pong RC, Hsu HW, Yu L, Saha D, Hsieh JT. Sensitization of radio-resistant prostate cancer cells with a unique cytolethal distending toxin. Oncotarget 2015; 5:5523-34. [PMID: 25015118 PMCID: PMC4170639 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) produced by Campylobacter jejuni is a genotoxin that induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in mammalian cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that prostate cancer (PCa) cells can acquire radio-resistance when DOC-2/DAB2 interactive protein (DAB2IP) is downregulated. In this study, we showed that CDT could induce cell death in DAB2IP-deficient PCa cells. A combination of CDT and radiotherapy significantly elicited cell death in DAB2IP-deficient PCa cells by inhibiting the repair of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) during G2/M arrest, which is triggered by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent DNA damage checkpoint responses. We also found that CDT administration significantly increased the efficacy of radiotherapy in a xenograft mouse model. These results indicate that CDT can be a potent therapeutic agent for radio-resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shuo Chang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ho Liu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yuh-Shyan Tsai
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. Department of Urology, Medical College and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ming Hsu
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kuo Lai
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Leah Gandee
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rey-Chen Pong
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Heng-Wei Hsu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Debabrata Saha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA. Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Lin CJ, Lai CK, Kao MC, Wu LT, Lo UG, Lin LC, Chen YA, Lin H, Hsieh JT, Lai CH, Lin CD. Impact of cholesterol on disease progression. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5:7. [PMID: 26048694 PMCID: PMC4502043 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-015-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-rich microdomains (also called lipid rafts), where platforms for signaling are provided and thought to be associated with microbe-induced pathogenesis and lead to cancer progression. After treatment of cells with cholesterol disrupting or usurping agents, raft-associated proteins and lipids can be dissociated, and this renders the cell structure nonfunctional and therefore mitigates disease severity. This review focuses on the role of cholesterol in disease progression including cancer development and infectious diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cholesterol in these diseases may provide insight into the development of novel strategies for controlling these diseases in clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jung Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas, Dallas, 75235, USA
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