1
|
Chaudhary A, Das R, Mehta K, Mehta DK. Indian herb Tinospora cordifolia and Tinospora species: Phytochemical and therapeutic application. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31229. [PMID: 38813196 PMCID: PMC11133831 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical investigations are increasingly focusing on natural materials with medical benefits because, in contrast to medicines, they have extremely few adverse effects. Tinospora species of the Menispermaceae family has many bioactive principles for plant nutraceuticals. A thorough assessment of the existing literature revealed that Indian Tinospora species are an important group of medicinal herbs used for a variety of pharmacological activities. While, Tinospora cordifolia is widely recognized as a significant herb in the Indian System of Medicines (ISM) due to its bioactive components and has been used in the treatment of diabetes, cancer, urinary problems, fever, jaundice, helminthiasis, leprosy, dysentery, skin diseases, and many more. Using the search phrases "phytochemistry," "traditional uses," and "pharmacological evaluation of Indian Tinospora species," appropriate articles were carefully extracted from the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and WOS databases. Around 180 articles, related to the India Tinospora species, were selected from a pool of 200 papers published between 1991 and 2023. T. cordifolia has received a lot of scientific attention because of its diverse therapeutic characteristics in treating various diseases. Our present study in this review encompasses 1.) Phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological potential of T. cordifolia as well as other Indian Tinospora species. 2.) Safety and toxicity study and available marketed formulation of T. cordifolia for the treatment of various diseases. The chemical constitution and pharmacological characteristics of other Tinospora species must also be investigated, indicating a need for further scientific research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Rina Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Kiran Mehta
- Chitkara Business School, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vaprath Kuniyil AR, Soman D, Kundagol MC, Chacko J. Efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment protocol in gouty arthritis - a clinical study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:278-283. [PMID: 33977680 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gout is an inflammatory response to the Monosodium urate crystals formed secondary to hyperuricaemia. The prevalence of gout has increased in recent years. The current conventional medical management aims at symptomatic management. In Ayurveda, gouty arthritis has similarity to Vata-Pittadhika Vatarakta, owing to its comparable aetiology and clinical features and treatment was planned accordingly. The present study is designed to evaluate the combined effect of Ayurvedic formulations and therapy in reducing the signs and symptoms and uric acid level in Gouty Arthritis. METHODS The study was a single group pre-post test design. The patients diagnosed on the basis of ACR EULAR Gout classification 2015 criteria. They were given Guduchi Siddha Ksheeravasthi (Therapeutic enema), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) Kashaya (diluted decoction) and Punarnava Guggulu. Assessment of pain was done by Visual Analogue Scale and serum uric acid level was assessed on day 1 and on 31st day. Also, the change in symptoms were analyzed before and after the treatment. This study has been registered in the clinical trial registry-India. RESULTS The obtained data were evaluated using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. A significant improvement (p=0.0001) was observed in VAS scale (98.77%), serum uric acid levels (57.81%), subjective parameters. Moreover, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was observed to be normal level as compared to baseline of the therapy also with an enhancement of hemoglobin (Hb) levels. CONCLUSIONS Thus, the present study revealed that Ayurvedic therapeutic interventions can play a major role in the management of gouty arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Devipriya Soman
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Mahesh C Kundagol
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - James Chacko
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saeed M, Naveed M, Leskovec J, Ali Kamboh A, Kakar I, Ullah K, Ahmad F, Sharif M, Javaid A, Rauf M, Abd El-Hack ME, Abdel-Latif MA, Chao S. Using Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) as an eco-friendly feed supplement in human and poultry nutrition. Poult Sci 2019; 99:801-811. [PMID: 32029162 PMCID: PMC7587696 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) is a well-recognized and widely distributed traditional plant that is used successfully in Indian Ayurveda medicine. T. cordifolia has shown many promising biological activities, such as antioxidative, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, osteoprotective, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal, and antistress effects. Guduchi is a rich source of protein and micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, copper, calcium, phosphorus, and manganese. It also contains many secondary plant metabolites, such as terpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and glycosides. Based on previous studies in poultry, the supplementation levels of Guduchi range from 1 to 5 g/kg of diet (different sources, such as powder, extracts, roots, and leaves, have been used). It was suggested that this variation in supplementation levels depends on different factors, including the extraction method, the supplementation proposed, the method of supplementation (either in feed or drinking water), and the species and physiological status of the birds. Generally, dietary supplementation of poultry broilers with T. cordifolia yielded positive impacts on growth performance, body gains (increased by 4.8%), dressing percentage (increased by 7.1%), meat quality traits, and the shelf life of the meat. In addition, T. cordifolia exerted a palliative effect on the general health status of the birds through reducing live enzymes and plasma uric acids and enhancing the immune response, as indicated by the leukocyte count, hemagglutinin titer, interleukin activity, and mortality levels. Further investigations concluded that T. cordifolia showed strong antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis, with subsequent reductions in mortality. Moreover, T. cordifolia showed an ability to improve humoral and cell-mediated immunity against Newcastle disease, infectious anemia, gout, and aflatoxicosis. The current review discusses many beneficial properties of T. cordifolia, although the lack of pharmacological trials limits the use of this extract in poultry. Further research should be performed regarding the composition of the active compound, the possible mechanisms of action, and the effective doses to fully understand the activities and benefits of T. cordifolia as a growth performance improvement supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production & Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211166, China
| | - Jakob Leskovec
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia 1230 Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Asgahr Ali Kamboh
- Department of Microbiology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Sindh Province, Pakistan
| | - Ihsanullah Kakar
- Clinical Medicine and Surgery Department LUAWMS, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Fawwad Ahmad
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sharif
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Javaid
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production & Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mubasher Rauf
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, code 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mervat A Abdel-Latif
- Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Sun Chao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh S, Tapadia MG. Molecular basis for efficacy of Guduchi and Madhuyashti feeding on different environmental stressors in Drosophila. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:549-565. [PMID: 30919212 PMCID: PMC6527653 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-00986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressors of different kinds adversely affect life history parameters like growth, development, and reproduction. Organisms overcome the negative impact of environmental stressors and strive to reach a tolerant state through genetic and metabolic activities. Ayurvedic formulations are reported to have life trait benefitting properties which improve capacity to withstand stress and tolerate adverse conditions. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) and Madhuyashti (Glycirrhiza glabra) Ayurvedic formulations are known to have immunomodulatory, intellect promoting, and adaptogenic properties, thus favoring good health and healthy aging. Present study investigates the efficacy of Guduchi and Madhuyashti in providing tolerance to different stresses and the underlying mechanisms using the Drosophila model. Drosophila larvae/flies fed on Guduchi or Madhuyashti were better thermo-protected, which correlated with increased expression of heat shock genes even without the heat shock. Guduchi or Madhuyashti feeding also increased antimicrobial peptide expression, thus providing better tolerance to pathogenic assaults. Feeding on Guduchi- or Madhuyashti- supplemented food also enhanced starvation and desiccation tolerance. However, neither of these formulations provided beneficial effects when grown under crowded conditions or when exposed to oxidative stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Singh
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Madhu G. Tapadia
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Singh S, Nandy B, Tapadia MG. Complex effects of Ayurvedic formulation: Guduchi and Madhuyashti on different components of life history may elude the elixir effect. J Genet 2018; 97:1253-1261. [PMID: 30555074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Formulations from the traditional Indian medicine, Ayurveda, have long been considered to have potent life-style enhancing effects, possibly by their effect(s) on key life-history attributes. Although several studies have reported beneficial effects of these formulations on different components of life history, few have investigated their concurrent influence on various life-history traits. Here, we report the results of an investigation showing the effect of two well-known Ayurvedic formulations, Guduchi and Madhuyashti, on fecundity and longevity of Drosophila melanogaster. Flies were either grown (i.e., larval exposure) and/or maintained (i.e., adult exposure) on standard food supplemented with 0.5% Guduchi or 0.5% Madhuyashti. It was observed that the longevity of adult flies of both sexes was not affected on feeding Guduchifood, but fecundity of the females was greatly enhanced. Fecundity was also found to be affected by the adult food and whether their mates were grown on Guduchi or normal food. Madhuyashti, on the other hand, significantly reduced mean longevity and had a stimulatory effect on female fecundity. This fecundity enhancing effect however seemed to be mediated through its effect on the males. Interestingly, much of these effects interacted with age in a complex way, making it difficult to generalize the overall effect of these formulations on the reproductive output of the flies. Ourstudy underlines the importance of evaluating the interacting effects of these (and similar) formulations on a range of life-history traits in a holistic way to understand their utility better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Singh
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|