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Kay FU, Madhuranthakam AJ. MR Perfusion Imaging of the Lung. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2024; 32:111-123. [PMID: 38007274 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Lung perfusion assessment is critical for diagnosing and monitoring a variety of respiratory conditions. MRI perfusion provides a radiation-free technique, making it an ideal choice for longitudinal imaging in younger populations. This review focuses on the techniques and applications of MRI perfusion, including contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI and non-CE methods such as arterial spin labeling (ASL), fourier decomposition (FD), and hyperpolarized 129-Xenon (129-Xe) MRI. ASL leverages endogenous water protons as tracers for a non-invasive measure of lung perfusion, while FD offers simultaneous measurements of lung perfusion and ventilation, enabling the generation of ventilation/perfusion mapsHyperpolarized 129-Xe MRI emerges as a novel tool for assessing regional gas exchange in the lungs. Despite the promise of MRI perfusion techniques, challenges persist, including competition with other imaging techniques and the need for additional validation and standardization. In conditions such as cystic fibrosis and lung cancer, MRI has displayed encouraging results, whereas in diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, further validation remains necessary. In conclusion, while MRI perfusion techniques hold immense potential for a comprehensive, non-invasive assessment of lung function and perfusion, their broader clinical adoption hinges on technological advancements, collaborative research, and rigorous validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando U Kay
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Ananth J Madhuranthakam
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, North Campus 2201 Inwood Road, Dallas, TX 75390-8568, USA
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Ohno Y, Ozawa Y, Nagata H, Ueda T, Yoshikawa T, Takenaka D, Koyama H. Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Technical Advancements and Clinical Applications. Invest Radiol 2024; 59:38-52. [PMID: 37707840 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Since lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) became clinically available, limited clinical utility has been suggested for applying MRI to lung diseases. Moreover, clinical applications of MRI for patients with lung diseases or thoracic oncology may vary from country to country due to clinical indications, type of health insurance, or number of MR units available. Because of this situation, members of the Fleischner Society and of the Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine have published new reports to provide appropriate clinical indications for lung MRI. This review article presents a brief history of lung MRI in terms of its technical aspects and major clinical indications, such as (1) what is currently available, (2) what is promising but requires further validation or evaluation, and (3) which developments warrant research-based evaluations in preclinical or patient studies. We hope this article will provide Investigative Radiology readers with further knowledge of the current status of lung MRI and will assist them with the application of appropriate protocols in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y. Ohno); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y. Ohno and H.N.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y. Ozawa and T.U.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Hyogo, Japan (T.Y., D.T.); and Department of Radiology, Advanced Diagnostic Medical Imaging, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (H.K.)
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Edwards L, Waterton JC, Naish J, Short C, Semple T, Jm Parker G, Tibiletti M. Imaging human lung perfusion with contrast media: A meta-analysis. Eur J Radiol 2023; 164:110850. [PMID: 37178490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To pool and summarise published data of pulmonary blood flow (PBF), pulmonary blood volume (PBV) and mean transit time (MTT) of the human lung, obtained with perfusion MRI or CT to provide reliable reference values of healthy lung tissue. In addition, the available data regarding diseased lung was investigated. METHODS PubMed was systematically searched to identify studies that quantified PBF/PBV/MTT in the human lung by injection of contrast agent, imaged by MRI or CT. Only data analysed by 'indicator dilution theory' were considered numerically. Weighted mean (wM), weighted standard deviation (wSD) and weighted coefficient of variance (wCoV) were obtained for healthy volunteers (HV), weighted according to the size of the datasets. Signal to concentration conversion method, breath holding method and presence of 'pre-bolus' were noted. RESULTS PBV was obtained from 313 measurements from 14 publications (wM: 13.97 ml/100 ml, wSD: 4.21 ml/100 ml, wCoV 0.30). MTT was obtained from 188 measurements from 10 publications (wM: 5.91 s, wSD: 1.84 s wCoV 0.31). PBF was obtained from 349 measurements from 14 publications (wM: 246.26 ml/100 ml ml/min, wSD: 93.13 ml/100 ml ml/min, wCoV 0.38). PBV and PBF were higher when the signal was normalised than when it was not. No significant differences were found for PBV and PBF between breathing states or between pre-bolus and no pre-bolus. Data for diseased lung were insufficient for meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Reference values for PBF, MTT and PBV were obtained in HV. The literature data are insufficient to draw strong conclusions regarding disease reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Edwards
- Bioxydyn Limited, St James Tower, 7 Charlotte Street, Manchester, M1 4DZ, UK
| | - John C Waterton
- Bioxydyn Limited, St James Tower, 7 Charlotte Street, Manchester, M1 4DZ, UK; Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Josephine Naish
- Bioxydyn Limited, St James Tower, 7 Charlotte Street, Manchester, M1 4DZ, UK; MCMR, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Short
- ECFS CTN - LCI Core Facility, Imperial College London, London, UK; Departments of Imaging, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, London, UK
| | - Thomas Semple
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Geoff Jm Parker
- Bioxydyn Limited, St James Tower, 7 Charlotte Street, Manchester, M1 4DZ, UK; Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Marta Tibiletti
- Bioxydyn Limited, St James Tower, 7 Charlotte Street, Manchester, M1 4DZ, UK
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Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer are among the highest in the world. Traditional treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Although rapid progress has been achieved in the past decade, treatment limitations remain. It is therefore imperative to identify safer and more effective therapeutic methods, and research is currently being conducted to identify more efficient and less harmful drugs. In recent years, the discovery of antitumor drugs based on the essential trace element selenium (Se) has provided good prospects for lung cancer treatments. In particular, compared to inorganic Se (Inorg-Se) and organic Se (Org-Se), Se nanomedicine (Se nanoparticles; SeNPs) shows much higher bioavailability and antioxidant activity and lower toxicity. SeNPs can also be used as a drug delivery carrier to better regulate protein and DNA biosynthesis and protein kinase C activity, thus playing a role in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. SeNPs can also effectively activate antigen-presenting cells to stimulate cell immunity, exert regulatory effects on innate and regulatory immunity, and enhance lung cancer immunotherapy. This review summarizes the application of Se-based species and materials in lung cancer diagnosis, including fluorescence, MR, CT, photoacoustic imaging and other diagnostic methods, as well as treatments, including direct killing, radiosensitization, chemotherapeutic sensitization, photothermodynamics, and enhanced immunotherapy. In addition, the application prospects and challenges of Se-based drugs in lung cancer are examined, as well as their forecasted future clinical applications and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Liu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Weifeng Wei
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jinlin Wang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Bozovic G, Schaefer-Prokop CM, Bankier AA. Pulmonary functional imaging (PFI): A historical review and perspective. Acta Radiol 2022; 64:90-100. [PMID: 35118881 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221076324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PFI Pulmonary Functional Imaging (PFI) refers to visualization and measurement of ventilation, perfusion, gas flow and exchange as well as biomechanics. In this review, we will highlight the historical development of PFI, describing recent advances and listing the various techniques for PFI offered per modality. Challenges PFI is facing and requirements for PFI from a clinical point of view will be pointed out. Hereby the review is meant as an introduction to PFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracijela Bozovic
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cornelia M Schaefer-Prokop
- Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Centre, TZ Amersfoort, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander A Bankier
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Schiwek M, Triphan SMF, Biederer J, Weinheimer O, Eichinger M, Vogelmeier CF, Jörres RA, Kauczor HU, Heußel CP, Konietzke P, von Stackelberg O, Risse F, Jobst BJ, Wielpütz MO. Quantification of pulmonary perfusion abnormalities using DCE-MRI in COPD: comparison with quantitative CT and pulmonary function. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:1879-1890. [PMID: 34553255 PMCID: PMC8831348 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Pulmonary perfusion abnormalities are prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are potentially reversible, and may be associated with emphysema development. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical meaningfulness of perfusion defects in percent (QDP) using DCE-MRI. Methods We investigated a subset of baseline DCE-MRIs, paired inspiratory/expiratory CTs, and pulmonary function testing (PFT) of 83 subjects (age = 65.7 ± 9.0 years, patients-at-risk, and all GOLD groups) from one center of the “COSYCONET” COPD cohort. QDP was computed from DCE-MRI using an in-house developed quantification pipeline, including four different approaches: Otsu’s method, k-means clustering, texture analysis, and 80th percentile threshold. QDP was compared with visual MRI perfusion scoring, CT parametric response mapping (PRM) indices of emphysema (PRMEmph) and functional small airway disease (PRMfSAD), and FEV1/FVC from PFT. Results All QDP approaches showed high correlations with the MRI perfusion score (r = 0.67 to 0.72, p < 0.001), with the highest association based on Otsu’s method (r = 0.72, p < 0.001). QDP correlated significantly with all PRM indices (p < 0.001), with the strongest correlations with PRMEmph (r = 0.70 to 0.75, p < 0.001). QDP was distinctly higher than PRMEmph (mean difference = 35.85 to 40.40) and PRMfSAD (mean difference = 15.12 to 19.68), but in close agreement when combining both PRM indices (mean difference = 1.47 to 6.03) for all QDP approaches. QDP correlated moderately with FEV1/FVC (r = − 0.54 to − 0.41, p < 0.001). Conclusion QDP is associated with established markers of disease severity and the extent corresponds to the CT-derived combined extent of PRMEmph and PRMfSAD. We propose to use QDP based on Otsu’s method for future clinical studies in COPD. Key Points • QDP quantified from DCE-MRI is associated with visual MRI perfusion score, CT PRM indices, and PFT. • The extent of QDP from DCE-MRI corresponds to the combined extent of PRMEmph and PRMfSAD from CT. • Assessing pulmonary perfusion abnormalities using DCE-MRI with QDP improved the correlations with CT PRM indices and PFT compared to the quantification of pulmonary blood flow and volume. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00330-021-08229-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilisa Schiwek
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon M F Triphan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Biederer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina bulvaris 19, Riga, 1586, Latvia.,Faculty of Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Zu Kiel, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver Weinheimer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Eichinger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at the University Hospital of Heidelberg, Röntgenstr. 1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus F Vogelmeier
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg (UMR), Marburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Jörres
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus P Heußel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at the University Hospital of Heidelberg, Röntgenstr. 1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philip Konietzke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oyunbileg von Stackelberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Risse
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Bertram J Jobst
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark O Wielpütz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Subdivision of Pulmonary Imaging, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 420, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Center (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Ohno Y, Seo JB, Parraga G, Lee KS, Gefter WB, Fain SB, Schiebler ML, Hatabu H. Pulmonary Functional Imaging: Part 1-State-of-the-Art Technical and Physiologic Underpinnings. Radiology 2021; 299:508-523. [PMID: 33825513 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021203711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, pulmonary imaging technologies have advanced from chest radiography and nuclear medicine methods to high-spatial-resolution or low-dose chest CT and MRI. It is currently possible to identify and measure pulmonary pathologic changes before these are obvious even to patients or depicted on conventional morphologic images. Here, key technological advances are described, including multiparametric CT image processing methods, inhaled hyperpolarized and fluorinated gas MRI, and four-dimensional free-breathing CT and MRI methods to measure regional ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, and biomechanics. The basic anatomic and physiologic underpinnings of these pulmonary functional imaging techniques are explained. In addition, advances in image analysis and computational and artificial intelligence (machine learning) methods pertinent to functional lung imaging are discussed. The clinical applications of pulmonary functional imaging, including both the opportunities and challenges for clinical translation and deployment, will be discussed in part 2 of this review. Given the technical advances in these sophisticated imaging methods and the wealth of information they can provide, it is anticipated that pulmonary functional imaging will be increasingly used in the care of patients with lung disease. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Grace Parraga
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Warren B Gefter
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Sean B Fain
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
| | - Hiroto Hatabu
- From the Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, and Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology (S.B.F., M.L.S.), UW-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis; and Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215 (H.H.)
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Hatabu H, Ohno Y, Gefter WB, Parraga G, Madore B, Lee KS, Altes TA, Lynch DA, Mayo JR, Seo JB, Wild JM, van Beek EJR, Schiebler ML, Kauczor HU. Expanding Applications of Pulmonary MRI in the Clinical Evaluation of Lung Disorders: Fleischner Society Position Paper. Radiology 2020; 297:286-301. [PMID: 32870136 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020201138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary MRI provides structural and quantitative functional images of the lungs without ionizing radiation, but it has had limited clinical use due to low signal intensity from the lung parenchyma. The lack of radiation makes pulmonary MRI an ideal modality for pediatric examinations, pregnant women, and patients requiring serial and longitudinal follow-up. Fortunately, recent MRI techniques, including ultrashort echo time and zero echo time, are expanding clinical opportunities for pulmonary MRI. With the use of multicoil parallel acquisitions and acceleration methods, these techniques make pulmonary MRI practical for evaluating lung parenchymal and pulmonary vascular diseases. The purpose of this Fleischner Society position paper is to familiarize radiologists and other interested clinicians with these advances in pulmonary MRI and to stratify the Society recommendations for the clinical use of pulmonary MRI into three categories: (a) suggested for current clinical use, (b) promising but requiring further validation or regulatory approval, and (c) appropriate for research investigations. This position paper also provides recommendations for vendors and infrastructure, identifies methods for hypothesis-driven research, and suggests opportunities for prospective, randomized multicenter trials to investigate and validate lung MRI methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Hatabu
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Warren B Gefter
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Grace Parraga
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Bruno Madore
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Talissa A Altes
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - David A Lynch
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - John R Mayo
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Jim M Wild
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
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- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
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Abstract
Ventilation-perfusion ( V ˙ A / Q ˙ ) matching, the regional matching of the flow of fresh gas to flow of deoxygenated capillary blood, is the most important mechanism affecting the efficiency of pulmonary gas exchange. This article discusses the measurement of V ˙ A / Q ˙ matching with three broad classes of techniques: (i) those based in gas exchange, such as the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET); (ii) those derived from imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT); and (iii) fluorescent and radiolabeled microspheres. The focus is on the physiological basis of these techniques that provide quantitative information for research purposes rather than qualitative measurements that are used clinically. The fundamental equations of pulmonary gas exchange are first reviewed to lay the foundation for the gas exchange techniques and some of the imaging applications. The physiological considerations for each of the techniques along with advantages and disadvantages are briefly discussed. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:1155-1205, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Hopkins
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
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Seith F, Pohmann R, Schwartz M, Küstner T, Othman AE, Kolb M, Scheffler K, Nikolaou K, Schick F, Martirosian P. Imaging Pulmonary Blood Flow Using Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling (PCASL) With Balanced Steady-State Free-Precession (bSSFP) Readout at 1.5T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:1767-1782. [PMID: 32627293 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative assessment of pulmonary blood flow and visualization of its temporal and spatial distribution without contrast media is of clinical significance. PURPOSE To assess the potential of electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) imaging with balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) readout to measure lung perfusion under free-breathing (FB) conditions and to study temporal and spatial characteristics of pulmonary blood flow. STUDY TYPE Prospective, observational. SUBJECTS Fourteen volunteers; three patients with pulmonary embolism. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCES 1.5T, PCASL-bSSFP. ASSESSMENT The pulmonary trunk was labeled during systole. The following examinations were performed: 1) FB and timed breath-hold (TBH) examinations with a postlabeling delay (PLD) of 1000 msec, and 2) TBH examinations with multiple PLDs (100-1500 msec). Scan-rescan measurements were performed in four volunteers and one patient. Images were registered and the perfusion was evaluated in large vessels, small vessels, and parenchyma. Mean structural similarity indices (MSSIM) was computed and time-to-peak (TTP) of parenchymal perfusion in multiple PLDs was evaluated. Image quality reading was performed with three independent blinded readers. STATISTICAL TESTS Wilcoxon test to compare MSSIM, perfusion, and Likert scores. Spearman's correlation to correlate TTP and cardiac cycle duration. The repeatability coefficient (RC) and within-subject coefficient of variation (wCV) for scan-rescan measurements. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interreader agreement. RESULTS Image registration resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase of MSSIM. FB perfusion values were 6% higher than TBH (3.28 ± 1.09 vs. 3.10 ± 0.99 mL/min/mL). TTP was highly correlated with individuals' cardiac cycle duration (Spearman = 0.89, P < 0.001). RC and wCV were better for TBH than FB (0.13-0.19 vs. 0.47-1.54 mL/min/mL; 6-7 vs. 19-60%). Image quality was rated very good, with ICCs 0.71-0.89. DATA CONCLUSION ECG-triggered PCASL-bSSFP imaging of the lung at 1.5T can provide very good image quality and quantitative perfusion maps even under FB. The course of labeled blood through the lung shows a strong dependence on the individuals' cardiac cycle duration. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1767-1782.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Seith
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Pohmann
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schwartz
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Küstner
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ahmed E Othman
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Kolb
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Fritz Schick
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Petros Martirosian
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Chen L, Zeng X, Ji B, Liu D, Wang J, Zhang J, Feng L. Improving dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the lung using motion-weighted sparse reconstruction: Initial experiences in patients. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 68:36-44. [PMID: 32001328 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of motion-weighted Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel MRI (motion-weighted GRASP) for free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) of the lung. METHODS Motion-weighted GRASP incorporates a soft-gating motion compensation algorithm into standard GRASP reconstruction, so that motion-corrupted motion k-space (e.g., k-space acquired in inspiratory phases) contributes less to the final reconstructed images. Lung MR data from 20 patients (mean age = 57.9 ± 13.5) with known pulmonary lesions were retrospectively collected for this study. Each subject underwent a free-breathing DCE-MR scan using a fat-statured T1-weighted stack-of-stars golden-angle radial sequence and a post-contrast breath-hold MR scan using a Cartesian volumetric-interpolated imaging sequence (BH-VIBE). Each radial dataset was reconstructed using GRASP without motion compensation and motion-weighted GRASP. All MR images were visually evaluated by two experienced radiologists blinded to reconstruction and acquisition schemes independently. In addition, the influence of motion-weighted reconstruction on dynamic contrast-enhancement patterns was also investigated. RESULTS For image quality assessment, motion-weighted GRASP received significantly higher visual scores than GRASP (P < 0.05) for overall image quality (3.68 vs. 3.39), lesion conspicuity (3.54 vs. 3.18) and overall artifact level (3.53 vs. 3.15). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the breath-hold BH-VIBE and motion-weighted GRASP images. For assessment of temporal fidelity, motion-weighted GRASP maintained a good agreement with respect to GRASP. CONCLUSION Motion-weighted GRASP achieved better reconstruction performance in free-breathing DCE-MRI of the lung compared to standard GRASP, and it may enable improved assessment of pulmonary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Department of Radiology, PLA 904 Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianchun Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Ji
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Daihong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Jiuquan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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12
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Ruppert K, Xin Y, Hamedani H, Amzajerdian F, Loza L, Achekzai T, Duncan IF, Profka H, Siddiqui S, Pourfathi M, Sertic F, Cereda MF, Kadlecek S, Rizi RR. Measurement of Regional 2D Gas Transport Efficiency in Rabbit Lung Using Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2413. [PMID: 30787357 PMCID: PMC6382756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HXe) MRI offers a wide array of tools for assessing functional aspects of the lung, existing techniques provide only limited quantitative information about the impact of an observed pathology on overall lung function. By selectively destroying the alveolar HXe gas phase magnetization in a volume of interest and monitoring the subsequent decrease in the signal from xenon dissolved in the blood inside the left ventricle of the heart, it is possible to directly measure the contribution of that saturated lung volume to the gas transport capacity of the entire lung. In mechanically ventilated rabbits, we found that both xenon gas transport and transport efficiency exhibited a gravitation-induced anterior-to-posterior gradient that disappeared or reversed direction, respectively, when the animal was turned from supine to prone position. Further, posterior ventilation defects secondary to acute lung injury could be re-inflated by applying positive end expiratory pressure, although at the expense of decreased gas transport efficiency in the anterior volumes. These findings suggest that our technique might prove highly valuable for evaluating lung transplants and lung resections, and could improve our understanding of optimal mechanical ventilator settings in acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ruppert
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hooman Hamedani
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Faraz Amzajerdian
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Luis Loza
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Tahmina Achekzai
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ian F Duncan
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Harrilla Profka
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sarmad Siddiqui
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mehrdad Pourfathi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Federico Sertic
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maurizio F Cereda
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Stephen Kadlecek
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rahim R Rizi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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14
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Lee SH, Rimner A, Gelb E, Deasy JO, Hunt MA, Humm JL, Tyagi N. Correlation Between Tumor Metabolism and Semiquantitative Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Metrics in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:718-726. [PMID: 29680254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To correlate semiquantitative parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-four NSCLC patients who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG-PET and DCE-MRI were analyzed. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was measured from 18F-FDG-PET. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was obtained on a 3T MRI scanner using 4-dimensional T1-weighted high-resolution imaging with a volume excitation sequence. The DCE-MRI parameters, consisting of mean, median, standard deviation (SD), and median absolute deviation (MAD) of peak enhancement, time to peak (TTP), time to half peak (TTHP), wash-in slope (WIS), wash-out slope (WOS), initial gradient, wash-out gradient, signal enhancement ratio, and initial area under the relative signal enhancement curve taken up to 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 seconds, TTP, and TTHP (IAUCtthp), were calculated for each lesion. Univariate analysis (UVA) was performed using Spearman correlation. A linear regression model to predict SUVmax from DCE-MRI parameters was developed by multivariate analysis (MVA) using least absolute shrinkage selection operator in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). RESULTS In UVA, mean(WOS) (ρ = -0.456, P = .025), mean(IAUCtthp) (ρ = -0.439, P = .032), median(IAUCtthp) (ρ = -0.543, P = .006), and MAD(IAUCtthp) (ρ = -0.557, P = .005) were statistically significant; all these parameters were negatively correlated with SUVmax. In MVA, a linear combination of SD(WIS), SD(TTP), MAD(TTHP), and MAD(IAUCtthp) was statistically significant for predicting SUVmax (LOOCV-based adjusted R2 = 0.298, P = .0006). A decrease in SD(WIS), MAD(TTHP), and MAD(IAUCtthp) and an increase in SD(TTP) were associated with a significant increase in SUVmax. CONCLUSION An association was found between SUVmax, the SD, and MAD of DCE-MRI metrics derived during contrast uptake in NSCLC, reflecting that intratumoral heterogeneity in wash-in contrast kinetics is associated with tumor metabolism. Although MAD(IAUCtthp) was a significant feature in both UVA and MVA, the LASSO-based multivariate regression model yielded better predictability of SUVmax than a univariate regression model using MAD(IAUCtthp). This study will facilitate understanding of the complex relationship between tumor vascularization and metabolism and eventually help in guiding targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ho Lee
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, New York
| | - Andreas Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Emily Gelb
- Department of Radiation Oncology Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | - John L Humm
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, New York
| | - Neelam Tyagi
- Department of Medical Physics, New York, New York.
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Siegel Y, Bleicher D, Gordon MK, Fertel D. Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram Dynamic Parameter Correlation With Pulmonary Pressure and Pulmonary Hypertension Etiologies. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2017; 41:779-83. [PMID: 28240636 DOI: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is caused by etiologies that differ in pathophysiology. Patients with undiagnosed PH may have a computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) scan during workup. Static measurements on computed tomography correlate with PH; however, dynamic parameters have received less attention. We studied the correlation between CTPA dynamic parameters and PH and assessed whether these parameters differ among PH etiologies. We also propose a method for PH screening. METHODS Patients who underwent right-heart catheterization and CTPA within 45 days of each other were included. Charts were reviewed for presence and etiology of PH. The time it took to reach the CTPA trigger threshold during bolus tracking (TT) was recorded and compared with pulmonary pressure measured on pulmonary artery catheterization. The correlation between TT values and pulmonary pressure was studied, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of TT for PH. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients with 28 examinations were included. A significant correlation was found between pulmonary pressure and TT, as well as TT and right ventricular decreased function, P < 0.01. Left heart failure showed the longest TT among PH subgroups and significantly longer TT in patients with both PH and right ventricular decreased function. Time to trigger demonstrated a sensitivity range of 75% to 92% and specificity between 56% and 88% for pulmonary pressure of 40 mm Hg or greater. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic parameters of flow measured on CTPA significantly correlate with pulmonary pressure and can potentially help screen for PH. Left heart failure seems to have the greatest impact on TT among patients with PH.
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Veldhoen S, Oechsner M, Fischer A, Weng AM, Kunz AS, Bley TA, Köstler H, Ritter CO. Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Quantitative Lung Perfusion Imaging Using the Dual-Bolus Approach: Comparison of 3 Contrast Agents and Recommendation of Feasible Doses. Invest Radiol 2016; 51:186-93. [DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Baldi S, Hartley R, Brightling C, Gupta S. Asthma. Imaging 2016. [DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10002815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Bauman G, Bieri O. Matrix pencil decomposition of time-resolved proton MRI for robust and improved assessment of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:336-342. [PMID: 26757102 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present an improved and robust method of pulmonary function assessment from time-resolved proton MRI using a matrix pencil (MP) method in combination with a linear least squares analysis. METHODS Simulations of the signal time course in lung parenchyma were performed to compare the accuracy of Fourier decomposition (FD) and MP methods for the estimation of respiratory and cardiac amplitudes. Series of two-dimensional time-resolved lung images were acquired in healthy volunteers at 1.5 T using ultra-fast steady-state free precession. Qualitative lung ventilation- and perfusion-weighted images as well as a quantitative map of fractional ventilation, perfusion, and blood arrival time were calculated using the proposed MP method and compared with the contemporary FD technique. A region-of-interest analysis was performed on the quantitative data. RESULTS The signal analysis performed using MP decomposition resulted in reduced variability of the estimated respiratory and cardiac amplitudes in comparison with FD for both simulated and in vivo data. CONCLUSION MP decomposition provides an automatic, robust, and more accurate estimation of amplitudes of respiratory and cardiac signal modulations in the lung parenchyma than the contemporary FD technique. Magn Reson Med 77:336-342, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Gaass T, Bauman G, Biederer J, Hintze C, Schneider M, Dinkel J. Pulmonary perfusion imaging: Qualitative comparison of TCIR MRI and SPECT/CT in porcine lung. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84:2646-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Hueper K, Vogel-Claussen J, Parikh MA, Austin JHM, Bluemke DA, Carr J, Choi J, Goldstein TA, Gomes AS, Hoffman EA, Kawut SM, Lima J, Michos ED, Post WS, Po MJ, Prince MR, Liu K, Rabinowitz D, Skrok J, Smith BM, Watson K, Yin Y, Zambeli-Ljepovic AM, Barr RG. Pulmonary Microvascular Blood Flow in Mild Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Emphysema. The MESA COPD Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:570-80. [PMID: 26067761 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201411-2120oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Smoking-related microvascular loss causes end-organ damage in the kidneys, heart, and brain. Basic research suggests a similar process in the lungs, but no large studies have assessed pulmonary microvascular blood flow (PMBF) in early chronic lung disease. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether PMBF is reduced in mild as well as more severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema. METHODS PMBF was measured using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among smokers with COPD and control subjects age 50 to 79 years without clinical cardiovascular disease. COPD severity was defined by standard criteria. Emphysema on computed tomography (CT) was defined by the percentage of lung regions below -950 Hounsfield units (-950 HU) and by radiologists using a standard protocol. We adjusted for potential confounders, including smoking, oxygenation, and left ventricular cardiac output. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among 144 participants, PMBF was reduced by 30% in mild COPD, by 29% in moderate COPD, and by 52% in severe COPD (all P < 0.01 vs. control subjects). PMBF was reduced with greater percentage emphysema-950HU and radiologist-defined emphysema, particularly panlobular and centrilobular emphysema (all P ≤ 0.01). Registration of MRI and CT images revealed that PMBF was reduced in mild COPD in both nonemphysematous and emphysematous lung regions. Associations for PMBF were independent of measures of small airways disease on CT and gas trapping largely because emphysema and small airways disease occurred in different smokers. CONCLUSIONS PMBF was reduced in mild COPD, including in regions of lung without frank emphysema, and may represent a distinct pathological process from small airways disease. PMBF may provide an imaging biomarker for therapeutic strategies targeting the pulmonary microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Hueper
- 1 Department of Radiology and.,2 Department of Radiology and Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Vogel-Claussen
- 1 Department of Radiology and.,2 Department of Radiology and Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - David A Bluemke
- 5 Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Jiwoong Choi
- 7 Department of Radiology.,8 IIHR-Hydroscience & Engineering
| | - Thomas A Goldstein
- 9 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Eric A Hoffman
- 7 Department of Radiology.,11 Department of Medicine, and.,12 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Steven M Kawut
- 13 Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joao Lima
- 1 Department of Radiology and.,14 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erin D Michos
- 14 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wendy S Post
- 14 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | - Kiang Liu
- 16 Department of Biostatistics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dan Rabinowitz
- 17 Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, New York; and
| | | | | | - Karol Watson
- 18 Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | - R Graham Barr
- 3 Department of Medicine.,20 Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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Abstract
Currently, imaging in asthma is confined to chest radiography and CT. The emergence of new imaging techniques and tremendous improvement of existing imaging methods, primarily due to technological advancement, has completely changed its research and clinical prospects. In research, imaging in asthma is now being employed to provide quantitative assessment of morphology, function and pathogenic processes at the molecular level. The unique ability of imaging for non-invasive, repeated, quantitative, and in vivo assessment of structure and function in asthma could lead to identification of 'imaging biomarkers' with potential as outcome measures in future clinical trials. Emerging imaging techniques and their utility in the research and clinical setting is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Hartley
- a 1 Department of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Simonetta Baldi
- a 1 Department of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Chris Brightling
- a 1 Department of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Sumit Gupta
- a 1 Department of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK.,b 2 Radiology Department, Glenfield Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Bauman G, Pusterla O, Bieri O. Ultra-fast Steady-State Free Precession Pulse Sequence for Fourier Decomposition Pulmonary MRI. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:1647-53. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
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Bauman G, Johnson KM, Bell LC, Velikina JV, Samsonov AA, Nagle SK, Fain SB. Three-dimensional pulmonary perfusion MRI with radial ultrashort echo time and spatial-temporal constrained reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2015; 73:555-64. [PMID: 24604452 PMCID: PMC4156934 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the feasibility of spatial-temporal constrained reconstruction for accelerated regional lung perfusion using highly undersampled dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) three-dimensional (3D) radial MRI with ultrashort echo time (UTE). METHODS A combined strategy was used to accelerate DCE MRI for 3D pulmonary perfusion with whole lung coverage. A highly undersampled 3D radial UTE MRI acquisition was combined with an iterative constrained reconstruction exploiting principal component analysis and wavelet soft-thresholding for dimensionality reduction in space and time. The performance of the method was evaluated using a 3D fractal-based DCE digital lung phantom. Simulated perfusion maps and contrast enhancement curves were compared with ground truth using the structural similarity index (SSIM) to determine robust threshold and regularization levels. Feasibility studies were then performed in a canine and a human subject with 3D radial UTE (TE=0.08 ms) acquisition to assess feasibility of mapping regional 3D perfusion. RESULTS The method was able to accurately recover perfusion maps in the phantom with a nominal isotropic spatial resolution of 1.5 mm (SSIM of 0.949). The canine and human subject studies demonstrated feasibility for providing artifact-free perfusion maps in a simple 3D breath-held acquisition. CONCLUSION The proposed method is promising for fast and flexible 3D pulmonary perfusion imaging. Magn Reson
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kevin M. Johnson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Laura C. Bell
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Julia V. Velikina
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Alexey A. Samsonov
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Scott K. Nagle
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sean B. Fain
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
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Ohno Y, Seki S, Koyama H, Yoshikawa T, Matsumoto S, Takenaka D, Kassai Y, Yui M, Sugimura K. 3D ECG- and respiratory-gated non-contrast-enhanced (CE) perfusion MRI for postoperative lung function prediction in non-small-cell lung cancer patients: A comparison with thin-section quantitative computed tomography, dynamic CE-perfusion MRI, and perfus. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 42:340-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Shinichiro Seki
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Hisanobu Koyama
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshikawa
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Sumiaki Matsumoto
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
- Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Daisuke Takenaka
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
- Department of Radiology; Hyogo Cancer Center; Akashi Japan
| | | | - Masao Yui
- Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation; Otawara Japan
| | - Kazuro Sugimura
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
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Carinci F, Meyer C, Phys D, Breuer FA, Triphan S, Choli M, Phys D, Jakob PM. Blood volume fraction imaging of the human lung using intravoxel incoherent motion. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 41:1454-64. [PMID: 24943462 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a technique for non-contrast-enhanced in vivo imaging of the blood volume fraction of the human lung. The technique is based on the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) approach. However, a substantial novelty is introduced here: the need for external diffusion sensitizing gradients is eliminated by exploiting the internal magnetic field gradients typical of the lung tissue, due to magnetic susceptibility differences at air/tissue interfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single shot turbo spin-echo sequence with stimulated-echo preparation and electrocardiograph synchronization was used for acquisition. Two images were acquired in a single breath-hold of 10 seconds duration: one reference image and one blood-suppressed image. The blood volume fraction was quantified using a two-compartment signal decay model, as given by the IVIM theory. Experiments were performed at 1.5T in eight healthy volunteers. RESULTS Values of the blood volume fraction obtained within the lung parenchyma (36 ± 16%) are in good agreement with previous reports, obtained using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (33%), and show relatively good reproducibility. CONCLUSION The presented technique offers a robust way to quantify the blood volume fraction of the human lung parenchyma without using contrast agents. Image acquisition can be accomplished in a single breath-hold and could be suitable for clinical applications on patients with lung diseases. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1454-1464. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Carinci
- Research Center Magnetic Resonance Bavaria (MRB), Würzburg, Germany; Department of Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Sergiacomi G, Taglieri A, Chiaravalloti A, Calabria E, Arduini S, Tosti D, Citraro D, Pezzuto G, Puxeddu E, Simonetti G. Acute COPD exacerbation: 3 T MRI evaluation of pulmonary regional perfusion – Preliminary experience. Respir Med 2014; 108:875-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sommer G, Bauman G, Koenigkam-Santos M, Draenkow C, Heussel CP, Kauczor HU, Schlemmer HP, Puderbach M. Non-contrast-enhanced preoperative assessment of lung perfusion in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer using Fourier decomposition magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82:e879-87. [PMID: 24041434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate non-contrast-enhanced Fourier decomposition MRI (FD MRI) for assessment of regional lung perfusion in patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in comparison to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE MRI). METHODS Time-resolved non-contrast-enhanced images of the lungs were acquired prospectively in 15 patients using a 2D balanced steady-state free precession (b-SSFP) sequence. After non-rigid registration of the native image data, perfusion-weighted images were calculated by separating periodic changes of lung proton density at the cardiac frequency using FD. DCE MRI subtraction datasets were acquired as standard of reference. Both datasets were analyzed visually for perfusion defects. Then segmentation analyses were performed to describe perfusion of pulmonary lobes semi-quantitatively as percentages of total lung perfusion. Overall FD MRI perfusion signal was compared to velocity-encoded flow measurements in the pulmonary trunk as an additional fully quantitative reference. RESULTS Image quality ratings of FD MRI were significantly inferior to those of DCE MRI (P<0.0001). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FD MRI for visual detection of perfusion defects were 84%, 92%, and 91%. Semi-quantitative evaluation of lobar perfusion provided high agreement between FD MRI and DCE MRI for both entire lungs and upper lobes, but less agreement in the lower parts of both lungs. FD perfusion signal showed high linear correlation with pulmonary arterial blood flow. CONCLUSION FD MRI is a promising technique that allows for assessing regional lung perfusion in NSCLC patients without contrast media or ionizing radiation. However, for being applied in clinical routine, image quality and robustness of the technique need to be further improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Sommer
- Department of Radiology (E010), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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Pouzot C, Richard JC, Gros A, Costes N, Lavenne F, Le Bars D, Guerin C. Noninvasive quantitative assessment of pulmonary blood flow with 18F-FDG PET. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:1653-60. [PMID: 23907755 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.116699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pulmonary blood flow (PBF) is a critical determinant of oxygenation during acute lung injury (ALI). PET/CT with (18)F-FDG allows the assessment of both lung aeration and neutrophil inflammation as well as an estimation of the regional fraction of blood (FB) if compartmental modeling is used to quantify (18)F-FDG pulmonary uptake. The aim of this study was to validate the use of FB to assess PBF, with PET and compartmental modeling of (15)O-H2O kinetics as a reference method, in both control animals and animals with ALI. For the purpose of studying a wide range of PBF values, supine and prone positions and various positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEPs) and tidal volumes (V(T)s) were selected. METHODS Pigs were randomized into 3 groups in which ALI was induced by HCl inhalation: pigs studied in the supine position with a low PEEP (5 ± 3 [mean ± SD] cm of H2O; n = 9) or a high PEEP (12 ± 1 cm of H2O; n = 8) and pigs studied in the prone position with a low PEEP (6 ± 3 cm of H2O; n = 9). Also included were a control group that did not have ALI (n = 6) and 2 additional groups (n = 6 each) that had a high V(T) to maintain a transpulmonary pressure of greater than or equal to 35 cm of H2O and that either received HCl inhalation or did not receive HCl inhalation. PBF and FB were measured with PET and compartmental modeling of (15)O-H2O and (18)F-FDG kinetics in 10 lung regions along the anterior-to-posterior lung dimension, and both were expressed in each region as a fraction of their values in the whole lung. RESULTS PBF and FB were strongly correlated (R(2) = 0.9), with a slope of the regression line close to unity and a negligible intercept. The mean difference between PBF and FB was 0, and the 95% limits of agreement were -0.035 to 0.035. This good agreement between methods was obtained in both normal and injured lungs and under a wide range of V(T), PEEP, and regional PBF values (7-71 mL/kg, 0-15 cm of H2O, and 24-603 mL·min(-1)·100 mL of lung(-1), respectively). CONCLUSION FB assessed with (18)F-FDG is a good surrogate for PBF in both normal animals and animals with ALI. PET/CT has the potential to be used to study ventilation, perfusion, and lung inflammation with a single tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Pouzot
- Service Siamu, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a global burden, affecting 5% of the general adult population, with approximately 5 - 10% suffering from severe asthma. Severe asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease entity, with high morbidity and mortality. Recent years have seen the introduction of a vast array of new imaging technologies, which have provided the ability to comprehensively, non-invasively and functionally assess the lungs. These advances have resulted in a better understanding of the pathophysiology in severe asthma and have the unprecedented potential to unravel the structure-function relationship of severe asthma in the future. AREAS COVERED This review article chronologically describes the technological advances currently used and to be used in the future. The article covers pitfalls in imaging of the airways and lung parenchyma in asthma from chest x-rays, CT scans, MRI, confocal florescence endomicroscopy to computational fluid dynamics. EXPERT OPINION Novel qualitative and quantitative imaging techniques have enabled us to study the large airway architecture in detail, assess the small airway structure and perform functional or novel physiological evaluations. Despite spectacular advances in imaging techniques and the birth of new modalities, there is an urgent need for both proof-of-concept studies, large cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical trials in severe asthma to validate and clinically correlate imaging-derived measures. This will extend our current understanding of the pathophysiology of severe asthma, and unravel the structure-function relationship, with the potential to discover novel severe asthma phenotypes, predict mortality, morbidity and response to existing and novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Walker
- University of Leicester , Institute for Lung Health, Department of Infection , Inflammation and Immunity, Leicester , UK
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Lee SM, Seo JB, Hwang HJ, Kim EY, Oh SY, Kim JE. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of pulmonary emphysema. J Thorac Imaging 2013; 28:160-70. [PMID: 23545947 DOI: 10.1097/RTI.0b013e31828d4087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is a pathologic condition characterized by permanently enlarged airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole with destruction of the alveolar walls. Functional information of the lungs is important to understand the pathophysiology of emphysema and that of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With the recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, functional MRI with variable MR sequences can be used for the evaluation of different physiological and anatomic changes seen in cases of pulmonary emphysema. In this review article, we will focus on a brief description of each method, results of some of the most recent work, and the clinical application of such knowledge.
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Lin YR, Tsai SY, Huang TY, Chung HW, Huang YL, Wu FZ, Lin CC, Peng NJ, Wu MT. Inflow-weighted pulmonary perfusion: comparison between dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI versus perfusion scintigraphy in complex pulmonary circulation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15:21. [PMID: 23448679 PMCID: PMC3599844 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the different properties of the contrast agents, the lung perfusion maps as measured by 99mTc-labeled macroaggregated albumin perfusion scintigraphy (PS) are not uncommonly discrepant from those measured by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) using indicator-dilution analysis in complex pulmonary circulation. Since PS offers the pre-capillary perfusion of the first-pass transit, we hypothesized that an inflow-weighted perfusion model of DCE-MRI could simulate the result by PS. METHODS 22 patients underwent DCE-MRI at 1.5T and also PS. Relative perfusion contributed by the left lung was calculated by PS (PS(L%)), by DCE-MRI using conventional indicator dilution theory for pulmonary blood volume (PBV(L%)) and pulmonary blood flow (PBFL%) and using our proposed inflow-weighted pulmonary blood volume (PBV(iw)(L%)). For PBViw(L%), the optimal upper bound of the inflow-weighted integration range was determined by correlation coefficient analysis. RESULTS The time-to-peak of the normal lung parenchyma was the optimal upper bound in the inflow-weighted perfusion model. Using PSL% as a reference, PBV(L%) showed error of 49.24% to -40.37% (intraclass correlation coefficient R(I) = 0.55) and PBF(L%) had error of 34.87% to -27.76% (R(I) = 0.80). With the inflow-weighted model, PBV(iw)(L%) had much less error of 12.28% to -11.20% (R(I) = 0.98) from PS(L%). CONCLUSIONS The inflow-weighted DCE-MRI provides relative perfusion maps similar to that by PS. The discrepancy between conventional indicator-dilution and inflow-weighted analysis represents a mixed-flow component in which pathological flow such as shunting or collaterals might have participated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Lin
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- Section of Thoracic and Circulation Imaging Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Ta-Chung 1st Road, 813, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shang-Yueh Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Yi Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Chung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Luan Huang
- Section of Thoracic and Circulation Imaging Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Ta-Chung 1st Road, 813, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Zong Wu
- Section of Thoracic and Circulation Imaging Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Ta-Chung 1st Road, 813, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chuan Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Jing Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ting Wu
- Section of Thoracic and Circulation Imaging Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Ta-Chung 1st Road, 813, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang K, Schiebler ML, Francois CJ, Del Rio AM, Cornejo MD, Bell LC, Korosec FR, Brittain JH, Holmes JH, Nagle SK. Pulmonary perfusion MRI using interleaved variable density sampling and HighlY constrained cartesian reconstruction (HYCR). J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 38:751-6. [PMID: 23349079 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of performing single breathhold, noncardiac gated, ultrafast, high spatial-temporal resolution whole chest MR pulmonary perfusion imaging in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight subjects (five male, three female) were scanned with the proposed method on a 3 Tesla clinical scanner using a 32-channel phased-array coil. Seven (88%) were healthy volunteers, and one was a patient volunteer with sarcoidosis. The peak lung enhancement phase for each subject was scored for gravitational effect, peak parenchymal enhancement and severity of artifacts by three cardiothoracic radiologists independently. RESULTS All studies were successfully performed by MR technologists without any additional training. Mean parenchymal signal was very good, measuring 0.78 ± 0.13 (continuous scale, 0 = "none" → 1 = "excellent"). Mean level of motion artifacts was low, measuring 0.13 ± 0.08 (continuous scale, 0 = "none" → 1 = "severe"). CONCLUSION It is feasible to perform single breathhold, noncardiac gated, ultrafast, high spatial-temporal resolution whole chest MR pulmonary perfusion imaging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Global Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Shimatani Y, Kodani K, Okada J, Ametani M, Kaminou T, Ogawa T. Clinical feasibility of pulmonary perfusion analysis using dynamic computed tomography and a gamma residue function. Jpn J Radiol 2013; 31:243-52. [PMID: 23315019 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-012-0175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To create and determine the clinical feasibility of a model based on dynamic computed tomography (CT) and a bolus injection of iodine contrast medium for evaluation of pulmonary perfusion for healthy individuals and for patients with lung diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed pulmonary perfusion by means of dynamic 16-row multidetector CT scanning with a gamma residue function with adding a linear component (extended gamma function model) for 20 healthy individuals and in five patients. RESULTS Four types of the time-attenuation curve (TAC) were identified for the peripheral lung. Although the TACs of most pixels for the peripheral lung comprised a single peak or a single-peak followed by another increase, no peak was observed for a small proportion of pixels, which either increased linearly or resulted in a delayed peak for healthy subjects. The ratios of these linearly increasing or delayed peak types of lung fields increased for pathological lungs. The analytical results for pathological cases showed that changes in lung perfusion, difficult to identify using only CT imaging, could be detected. CONCLUSIONS The extended gamma function model adequately evaluated pulmonary perfusion not only for normal regions, but also for structurally abnormal regions. Regional changes in perfusion could be evaluated by use of our model, and we confirmed its clinical feasibility for pulmonary perfusion analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Shimatani
- Division of Radiology, Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
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Cao JJ, Wang Y, McLaughlin J, Rhee P, Passick M, Ngai N, Cheng J, Gulotta RJ, Berke AD, Petrossian GA, Reichek N. Effects of Hemodynamics on Global and Regional Lung Perfusion. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 5:693-9. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.112.973206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie J. Cao
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Yi Wang
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Jeannette McLaughlin
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Peter Rhee
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Michael Passick
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Nora Ngai
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Joshua Cheng
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Ronald J. Gulotta
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Andrew D. Berke
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - George A. Petrossian
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
| | - Nathaniel Reichek
- From the St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., J.M.L., P.R., M.P., N.N., J.C., R.J.G., A.D.B., G.A.P., N.R.); and State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY (J.J.C., Y.W., N.R.)
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Kunihiro Y, Okada M, Matsunaga N, Sano Y, Kudomi S, Suga K, Kido S. Dual-energy perfusion CT of non-diseased lung segments using dual-source CT: correlation with perfusion SPECT. Jpn J Radiol 2012; 31:99-104. [PMID: 23081761 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-012-0153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the utility of dual-energy perfusion CT (DEpCT) of non-diseased lung segments, using dual-source CT, in comparison with perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). MATERIALS AND METHODS 28 patients (18 male and 10 female; mean age 63 years; age range 18-86 years) underwent DEpCT and SPECT within a 3-day interval. The presence and location of perfusion defects in each segment of the lungs were evaluated. RESULTS Perfusion defects were noted in 7 of 361 segments (1.9%) by DEpCT and in 19 of 361 segments (5.3%) by perfusion SPECT. DEpCT was in good agreement with perfusion SPECT for 338 of 361 segments (93.6%). Intraobserver agreement was also good, ranging from 93.4 to 93.6% (κ = 0.64-0.75, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION For non-diseased lung segments, DEpCT correlated well with SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Kunihiro
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
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Ley S, Fink C, Risse F, Ehlken N, Fischer C, Ley-Zaporozhan J, Kauczor HU, Klose H, Gruenig E. Magnetic resonance imaging to assess the effect of exercise training on pulmonary perfusion and blood flow in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Eur Radiol 2013; 23:324-31. [PMID: 22886553 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-012-2606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether careful exercise training improves pulmonary perfusion and blood flow in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MR). METHODS Twenty patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension or inoperable chronic thromboembolic PH on stable medication were randomly assigned to control (n = 10) or training groups (n = 10). Training group patients received in-hospital exercise training; patients of the sedentary control group received conventional rehabilitation. Medication remained unchanged during the study period. Changes of 6-min walking distance (6MWD), MR pulmonary flow (peak velocity) and MR perfusion (pulmonary blood volume) were assessed from baseline to week 3. RESULTS After 3 weeks of training, increases in mean 6MWD (P = 0.004) and mean MR flow peak velocity (P = 0.012) were significantly greater in the training group. Training group patients had significantly improved 6MWD (P = 0.008), MR flow (peak velocity -9.7 ± 8.6 cm/s, P = 0.007) and MR perfusion (pulmonary blood volume +2.2 ± 2.7 mL/100 mL, P = 0.017), whereas the control group showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION The study indicates that respiratory and physical exercise may improve pulmonary perfusion in patients with PH. Measurement of MR parameters of pulmonary perfusion might be an interesting new method to assess therapy effects in PH. The results of this initial study should be confirmed in a larger study group.
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Gaass T, Dinkel J, Bauman G, Zaiss M, Hintze C, Haase A, Laun F. Non-contrast-enhanced MRI of the pulmonary blood volume using two-compartment-modeled T1-relaxation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 36:397-404. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Salehi Ravesh M, Brix G, Laun FB, Kuder TA, Puderbach M, Ley-Zaporozhan J, Ley S, Fieselmann A, Herrmann MF, Schranz W, Semmler W, Risse F. Quantification of pulmonary microcirculation by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: Comparison of four regularization methods. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:188-99. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ohno Y, Koyama H, Yoshikawa T, Nishio M, Matsumoto S, Iwasawa T, Sugimura K. Pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging for airway diseases. J Thorac Imaging 2011; 26:301-16. [PMID: 22009083 DOI: 10.1097/RTI.0b013e3182242925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been put forward as a new research and diagnostic tool mainly to overcome the limitations of computed tomography and nuclear medicine studies. However, pulmonary MR imaging has been difficult to use because of inherently low proton density, a multitude of air-tissue interfaces, which create significant magnetic field distortions and are commonly referred to as susceptibility artifacts; diminishing signal in the lung; and respiratory and/or cardiac motion artifacts. To overcome these drawbacks of pulmonary MR imaging, technical advances made during the last decade in sequencing, scanner and coil, adaptation of parallel imaging techniques, and utilization of contrast media have been reported as being useful for functional and morphologic assessment of various pulmonary diseases including airway diseases. This review article covers (1) pulmonary MR techniques for morphologic and functional assessment of airway diseases, and (2) pulmonary MR imaging for cystic fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary MR imaging provides not only morphology-related but also pulmonary function-related information. It has the potential to replace nuclear medicine studies for the identification of regional pulmonary function and may perform a complementary role in airway disease assessment instead of nuclear medicine study. We believe that the findings of further basic studies as well as clinical applications of this new technique will validate the real significance of pulmonary MR imaging for the future of airway disease assessment and its usefulness for diagnostic radiology and pulmonary medicine.
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Ley-Zaporozhan J, Molinari F, Risse F, Puderbach M, Schenk JP, Kopp-Schneider A, Kauczor HU, Ley S. Repeatability and reproducibility of quantitative whole-lung perfusion magnetic resonance imaging. J Thorac Imaging 2011; 26:230-9. [PMID: 20818278 DOI: 10.1097/RTI.0b013e3181e48c36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for quantitative evaluation of pulmonary perfusion and has shown high clinical usefulness for the evaluation and differentiation of different lung pathologies. The reproducibility of quantitative analysis of whole-lung perfusion has not been investigated previously. Our aim was to assess the intraobserver and interobserver repeatability and reproducibility of perfusion MRI to prove the concept that perfusion is suitable for therapy monitoring. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the International Review Board. Fourteen healthy volunteers were examined using a time-resolved FLASH 3-dimensional perfusion sequence (1.5-T MRI, TREAT, GRAPPA 2, coronal orientation, voxel size 3.9×3.9×6.3 mm(3)). Perfusion was assessed initially and after 24 hours during an inspiratory and an expiratory breath hold. For each examination, 0.05 mmol/kg BW of Gd-DTPA was injected. Perfusion parameters such as pulmonary blood flow (PBF), pulmonary blood volume, and mean transit time were calculated. The evaluation was performed independently by 2 blinded observers. Intraobserver and interobserver differences were determined. RESULTS The intraobserver differences between the initial and follow-up examinations for pulmonary blood volume, mean transit time, and time to peak were not significantly different for observers 1 and 2. PBF showed a significant difference for both observers only on inspiration (P<0.006 for observer 1 and P<0.009 for observer 2). For interobserver evaluation, all parameters, except inspiratory PBF, were significantly different (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Intraobserver quantitative perfusion MRI showed reproducible results. However, the evaluation is highly dependent on the observer. Therefore, quantitative analysis of the serial examinations should be performed by the same observer.
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Mamata H, Tokuda J, Gill RR, Padera RF, Lenkinski RE, Sugarbaker DJ, Butler JP, Hatabu H. Clinical application of pharmacokinetic analysis as a biomarker of solitary pulmonary nodules: dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Magn Reson Med 2012; 68:1614-22. [PMID: 22231729 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate perfusion indices and pharmacokinetic parameters in solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Thirty patients of 34 enrolled with SPNs (15-30 mm) were evaluated in this study. T1 and T2-weighted structural images and 2D turbo FLASH perfusion images were acquired with shallow free breathing. B-spline nonrigid image registration and optimization by χ² test against pharmacokinetic model curve were performed on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. This allowed voxel-by-voxel calculation of k(ep) , the rate constant for tracer transport to and from plasma and the extravascular extracellular space. Mean transit time, time-to-peak, initial slope, and maximum enhancement (E(max) ) were calculated from time-intensity curves fitted to a gamma variate function. After blinded data analysis, correlation with tissue histology from surgical resection or biopsy samples was performed. Histologic evaluation revealed 25 malignant and five benign SPNs. All benign SPNs had k(ep) < 1.0 min⁻¹. Nineteen of 25 (76%) malignant SPNs showed k(ep) > 1.0 min⁻¹. Sensitivity to diagnose malignant SPNs at a cutoff of k(ep) = 1.0 min⁻¹ was 76%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100%, negative predictive value was 45%, and accuracy was 80%. Of all indices studied, k(ep) was the most significant in differentiating malignant from benign SPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatsuho Mamata
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Hsu JS, Tsai SY, Wu MT, Chung HW, Lin YR. Fast dynamic contrast-enhanced lung MR imaging using k-t BLAST: a spatiotemporal perspective. Magn Reson Med 2011; 67:786-92. [PMID: 22030744 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.23042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging has long been an attractive alternative to measure pulmonary perfusion as it offers simultaneous acquisition of high-resolution anatomical images and various functional information without exposing to ionizing radiation. As higher temporal resolution in addition to simultaneous acquisition of more slices from different positions favors more precise diagnosis, rapid acquisition of multiple images during bolus contrast administration remains essential to pulmonary perfusion imaging. Nevertheless, the branching morphology together with asynchronization of contrast-enhanced pulmonary perfusion scattered among distinct blood vessels imposes difficulties to faster imaging. This work demonstrates that k-t broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique (k-t BLAST), having substantial performance on accelerating cardiac cine imaging, can be applied to accelerate dynamic contrast-enhanced lung imaging up to a factor of 5 with errors less than 6% on five healthy subjects and less than 10% on 13 patients, respectively, in the overall signal intensity. Perfusion parameter estimates show somewhat less errors than those in overall signal intensity. Results from healthy subjects and two groups of patients with various diseases show high consistency between fully sampled datasets and their accelerated counterparts. These suggest feasibility of accelerated contrast-enhanced lung images in clinical examinations and potential of extending k-t BLAST into related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shuo Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cao JJ, Wang Y, Schapiro W, McLaughlin J, Cheng J, Passick M, Ngai N, Marcus P, Reichek N. Effects of respiratory cycle and body position on quantitative pulmonary perfusion by MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 34:225-30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Bauman G, Lützen U, Ullrich M, Gaass T, Dinkel J, Elke G, Meybohm P, Frerichs I, Hoffmann B, Borggrefe J, Knuth HC, Schupp J, Prüm H, Eichinger M, Puderbach M, Biederer J, Hintze C. Pulmonary functional imaging: qualitative comparison of Fourier decomposition MR imaging with SPECT/CT in porcine lung. Radiology 2011; 260:551-9. [PMID: 21586678 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare unenhanced lung ventilation-weighted (VW) and perfusion-weighted (QW) imaging based on Fourier decomposition (FD) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with the clinical reference standard single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) in an animal experiment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the local animal care committee. Lung ventilation and perfusion was assessed in seven anesthetized pigs by using a 1.5-T MR imager and SPECT/CT. For time-resolved FD MR imaging, sets of lung images were acquired by using an untriggered two-dimensional balanced steady-state free precession sequence (repetition time, 1.9 msec; echo time, 0.8 msec; acquisition time per image, 118 msec; acquisition rate, 3.33 images per second; flip angle, 75°; section thickness, 12 mm; matrix, 128 × 128). Breathing displacement was corrected with nonrigid image registration. Parenchymal signal intensity was analyzed pixelwise with FD to separate periodic changes of proton density induced by respiration and periodic changes of blood flow. Spectral lines representing respiratory and cardiac frequencies were integrated to calculate VW and QW images. Ventilation and perfusion SPECT was performed after inhalation of dispersed technetium 99m ((99m)Tc) and injection of (99m)Tc-labeled macroaggregated albumin. FD MR imaging and SPECT data were independently analyzed by two physicians in consensus. A regional statistical analysis of homogeneity and pathologic signal changes was performed. RESULTS Images acquired in healthy animals by using FD MR imaging and SPECT showed a homogeneous distribution of VW and QW imaging and pulmonary ventilation and perfusion, respectively. The gravitation-dependent signal distribution of ventilation and perfusion in all animals was similarly observed at FD MR imaging and SPECT. Incidental ventilation and perfusion defects were identically visualized by using both modalities. CONCLUSION This animal experiment demonstrated qualitative agreement in the assessment of regional lung ventilation and perfusion between contrast media-free and radiation-free FD MR imaging and conventional SPECT/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Nishino M, Jackman DM, Hatabu H, Jänne PA, Johnson BE, Van den Abbeele AD. Imaging of lung cancer in the era of molecular medicine. Acad Radiol 2011; 18:424-36. [PMID: 21277232 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2010.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent discoveries characterizing the molecular basis of lung cancer brought fundamental changes in lung cancer treatment. The authors review the molecular pathogenesis of lung cancer, including genomic abnormalities, targeted therapies, and resistance mechanisms, and discuss lung cancer imaging with novel techniques. Knowledge of the molecular basis of lung cancer is essential for radiologists to properly interpret imaging and assess response to therapy. Quantitative and functional imaging helps assessing the biologic behavior of lung cancer.
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Okajima Y, Ohno Y, Washko GR, Hatabu H. Assessment of pulmonary hypertension what CT and MRI can provide. Acad Radiol 2011; 18:437-53. [PMID: 21377593 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALES AND OBJECTIVES Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening condition, characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, which is confirmed based on invasive right heart catheterization (RHC). Noninvasive examinations may support diagnosis of PH before proceeding to RHC and play an important role in management and treatment of the disease. Although echocardiography is considered a standard tool in diagnosis, recent advances have made computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging promising tools, which may provide morphologic and functional information. In this article, we review image-based assessment of PH with a focus on CT and MR imaging. CONCLUSIONS CT may provide useful morphologic information for depicting PH and seeking for underlying diseases. With the accumulated technological advancement, CT and MRI may provide practical tools for not only morphologic but also functional assessment of patients with PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Okajima
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Hopkins SR, Prisk GK. Lung perfusion measured using magnetic resonance imaging: New tools for physiological insights into the pulmonary circulation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 32:1287-301. [PMID: 21105135 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the lung receives the entire cardiac output, sophisticated imaging techniques are not required in order to measure total organ perfusion. However, for many years studying lung function has required physiologists to consider the lung as a single entity: in imaging terms as a single voxel. Since imaging, and in particular functional imaging, allows the acquisition of spatial information important for studying lung function, these techniques provide considerable promise and are of great interest for pulmonary physiologists. In particular, despite the challenges of low proton density and short T2* in the lung, noncontrast MRI techniques to measure pulmonary perfusion have several advantages including high reliability and the ability to make repeated measurements under a number of physiologic conditions. This brief review focuses on the application of a particular arterial spin labeling (ASL) technique, ASL-FAIRER (flow sensitive inversion recovery with an extra radiofrequency pulse), to answer physiologic questions related to pulmonary function in health and disease. The associated measurement of regional proton density to correct for gravitational-based lung deformation (the "Slinky" effect (Slinky is a registered trademark of Pauf-Slinky incorporated)) and issues related to absolute quantification are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Hopkins
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
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Brinegar C, Schmitter SS, Mistry NN, Johnson GA, Liang ZP. Improving temporal resolution of pulmonary perfusion imaging in rats using the partially separable functions model. Magn Reson Med 2011; 64:1162-70. [PMID: 20564601 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (or DCE-MRI) is a useful tool for measuring blood flow and perfusion, and it has found use in the study of pulmonary perfusion in animal models. However, DCE-MRI experiments are difficult in small animals such as rats. A recently developed method known as Interleaved Radial Imaging and Sliding window-keyhole (IRIS) addresses this problem by using a data acquisition scheme that covers (k,t)-space with data acquired from multiple bolus injections of a contrast agent. However, the temporal resolution of IRIS is limited by the effects of temporal averaging inherent in the sliding window and keyhole operations. This article describes a new method to cover (k,t)-space based on the theory of partially separable functions (PSF). Specifically, a sparse sampling of (k,t)-space is performed to acquire two data sets, one with high-temporal resolution and the other with extended k-space coverage. The high-temporal resolution training data are used to determine the temporal basis functions of the PSF model, whereas the other data set is used to determine the spatial variations of the model. The proposed method was validated by simulations and demonstrated by an experimental study. In this particular study, the proposed method achieved a temporal resolution of 32 msec.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Brinegar
- Department of Electrical Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois, USA.
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Ohno Y, Koyama H, Nogami M, Takenaka D, Onishi Y, Matsumoto K, Matsumoto S, Maniwa Y, Yoshimura M, Nishimura Y, Sugimura K. State-of-the-art radiological techniques improve the assessment of postoperative lung function in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Radiol 2011; 77:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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