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Zhang F, Tu B, Yang S, Fan K, Liu Z, Xiong Z, Zhang J, Li W, Huang H, Yu C, K-Y Jen A, Yao K. Buried-Interface Engineering of Conformal 2D/3D Perovskite Heterojunction for Efficient Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells on Industrially Textured Silicon. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2303139. [PMID: 37493870 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Exploring strategies to control the crystallization and modulate interfacial properties for high-quality perovskite film on industry-relevant textured crystalline silicon solar cells is highly valued in the perovskite/silicon tandem photovoltaics community. The formation of a 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction is widely employed to passivate defects and suppress ion migration in the film surface of perovskite solar cells. However, realizing solution-processed heterostructures at the buried interface faces solvent incompatibilities with the challenge of underlying-layer disruption, and texture incompatibilities with the challenge of uneven coverage. Here, a hybrid two-step deposition method is used to prepare robust 2D perovskites with cross-linkable ligands underneath the 3D perovskite. This structurally coherent interlayer benefits by way of preferred crystal growth of strain-free and uniform upper perovskite, inhibits interfacial defect-induced instability and recombination, and promotes charge-carrier extraction with ideal energy-level alignment. The broad applicability of the bottom-contact heterostructure for different textured substrates with conformal coverage and various precursor solutions with intact properties free of erosion are demonstrated. With this buried interface engineering strategy, the resulting perovskite/silicon tandem cells, based on industrially textured Czochralski (CZ) silicon, achieve a certified efficiency of 28.4% (1.0 cm2 ), while retaining 89% of the initial PCE after over 1000 h operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Zhang
- Institute of Photovoltaics/School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Binbin Tu
- Institute of Photovoltaics/School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shaofei Yang
- Suzhou Maxwell Technologies Co. Ltd, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Ke Fan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhiliang Liu
- Institute of Photovoltaics/School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Suzhou Maxwell Technologies Co. Ltd, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Zhijun Xiong
- Institute of Photovoltaics/School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Cao Yu
- Suzhou Maxwell Technologies Co. Ltd, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Kai Yao
- Institute of Photovoltaics/School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
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2
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Sheng W, Li W, Xu S, Du Y, Jordan R. Oxygen-Tolerant Photografting for Surface Structuring from Microliter Volumes. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1100-1105. [PMID: 37470677 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report an oxygen-tolerant photografting technique to grow polymer brushes employing microliter volumes of monomer solution under ambient conditions. With the key advantages that include spatial control, initiator/catalyst-free nature, and high oxygen tolerance, a series of homo-, multiblock, and arbitrary patterned polymer brushes were successfully obtained by photografting. Moreover, a dual-functional surface with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties could easily be realized by one-pot photografting. These results illustrated the practicality and versatility of this strategy, which will allow nonexperts access to polymer brush architectures and broaden the potential applications of polymer brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wei Li
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shunqi Xu
- Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yunhao Du
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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3
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Wu S, Zhang J, Qin M, Li F, Deng X, Lu X, Li WJ, Jen AKY. Manipulating Crystallographic Orientation via Cross-Linkable Ligand for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. Small 2023; 19:e2207189. [PMID: 36760026 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The crystallographic orientation of polycrystalline perovskites is found to be strongly correlated with their intrinsic properties; therefore, it can be used to effectively enhance the performance of perovskite-based devices. Here, a facile way of manipulating the facet orientation of polycrystalline perovskite films in a controllable manner is reported. By incorporating a cross-linkable organic ligand into the perovskite precursor solution, the crystal orientation disorder can be reduced in the resultant perovskite films to exhibit the prominent (001) orientation with a preferred stacking mode. Moreover, the as-formed low-dimensional perovskites (LDPs) between the organic ligand and the excess lead iodide can passivate the defects around the grain boundaries. Consequently, highly efficient p-i-n structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be made in both rigid and flexible forms from modified perovskites to show high power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 24.12% and 23.23%, respectively. The devices also exhibit superior long-term stability in a humid environment (with T90 > 1000 h) and under thermal stress (retaining 87% of its initial PCE after 1000 h). More importantly, the ligand enables the derived LDPs to be crosslinked (under 254 nm UV illumination) to demonstrate excellent mechanical bending durability in flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfan Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minchao Qin
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Fengzhu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xiang Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Jung Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
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Nagy B, Ekblad T, Fragneto G, Ederth T. Structure of Self-Initiated Photopolymerized Films: A Comparison of Models. Langmuir 2022; 38:14004-14015. [PMID: 36377414 PMCID: PMC9671054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SI-PGP) uses UV illumination to graft polymers to surfaces without additional photoinitiators using the monomers as initiators, "inimers". A wider use of this method is obstructed by a lack of understanding of the resulting, presumably heterogeneous, polymer structure and of the parallel degradation under continuous UV illumination. We have used neutron reflectometry to investigate the structure of hydrated SI-PGP-prepared poly(HEMA-co-PEG10MA) (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-(ethylene glycol)10 methacrylate)) films and compared parabolic, sigmoidal, and Gaussian models for the polymer volume fraction distributions. Results from fitting these models to the data suggest that either model can be used to approximate the volume fraction profile to similar accuracy. In addition, a second layer of deuterated poly(methacrylic acid) (poly(dMAA)) was grafted over the existing poly(HEMA-co-PEG10MA) layer, and the resulting double-grafted films were also studied by neutron reflectometry to shed light on the UV-polymerization process and the inevitable UV-induced degradation which competes with the grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Nagy
- Division
of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Chemistry
and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tobias Ekblad
- Division
of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Chemistry
and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83Linköping, Sweden
| | - Giovanna Fragneto
- Institut
Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, BP 156, 38042Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Ederth
- Division
of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Chemistry
and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83Linköping, Sweden
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5
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Nagy B, Campana M, Khaydukov YN, Ederth T. Structure and pH-Induced Swelling of Polymer Films Prepared from Sequentially Grafted Polyelectrolytes. Langmuir 2022; 38:1725-1737. [PMID: 35081310 PMCID: PMC8830213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared a series of ampholytic polymer films, using a self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SI-PGP) method to sequentially polymerize first anionic (deuterated methacrylic acid (dMAA)) and thereafter cationic (2-aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA)) monomers to investigate the SI-PGP grafting process. Dry films were investigated by ellipsometry, X-ray, and neutron reflectometry, and their swelling was followed over a pH range from 4.5 to 10.5 with spectroscopic ellipsometry. The deuterated monomer allows us to separate the distributions of the two components by neutron reflectometry. Growth of both polymers proceeds via grafting of solution-polymerized fragments to the surface, and also the second layer is primarily grafted to the substrate and not as a continuation of the existing chains. The polymer films are stratified, with one layer of near 1:1 composition and the other layer enriched in one component and located either above or below the former layer. The ellipsometry results show swelling transitions at low and high pH but with no systematic variation in the pH values where these transitions occur. The results suggest that grafting density in SI-PGP-prepared homopolymers could be increased via repeated polymerization steps, but that this process does not necessarily increase the average chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Nagy
- Division
of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Chemistry
and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mario Campana
- ISIS
Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory,
STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11
0QX, U.K.
| | - Yury N. Khaydukov
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Max
Planck Society Outstation at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Ederth
- Division
of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Chemistry
and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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6
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Chen W, Shi Y, Chen J, Ma P, Fang Z, Ye D, Lu Y, Yuan Y, Zhao J, Xiao Z. Polymerized Hybrid Perovskites with Enhanced Stability, Flexibility, and Lattice Rigidity. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2104842. [PMID: 34590357 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic soft lattice nature of organometal halide perovskites (OHPs) makes them very tolerant to defects and ideal candidates for solution-processed optoelectronic devices. However, the soft lattice results in low stability towards external stresses such as heating and humidity, high density of phonons and strong electron-phonon coupling (EPC). Here, it is demonstrated that the OHPs with unsaturated 4-vinylbenzylammonium (VBA) as organoammonium cations can be polymerized without damaging the perovskite structure and its tolerance to defects. The polymerized perovskites show enhanced stability and flexibility compared to regular three-dimensional and two-dimensional (2D) perovskites. Furthermore, the polymerized 4-vinylbenzylammonium group improves perovskite lattice rigidity substantially, resulting in a reduced non-radiative recombination rate because of suppressed electron-phonon coupling, and enhanced carrier mobility because of suppressed phonon scattering. 2D polymerized perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with strong electroluminescence at room temperature, and quasi-2D PeLEDs with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.2% and enhanced operation stability are demonstrated. The work has opened a new way of enhancing the intrinsic stability and optoelectronic properties of OHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yongliang Shi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Pingchuan Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhibin Fang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yiyang Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yongbo Yuan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Supermicrostructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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7
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Abstract
With the development of controlled polymerisation, almost all polymerisation strategies have been successfully transplanted to surface-initiated polymerisation. The resulting polymer brushes have emerged as an effective tool for surface functionalization and modulation of the surface properties of materials. To meet various demands it is possible to tailor a material surface with polymer brushes that have diverse dimensionalities, morphologies and compositions. The crowded environment within polymer brushes as well as the stretched conformation of polymer chains sometimes provide unique physicochemical properties, which lead to the delicate creation of inorganic-organic hybridised nanostructures, anti-fouling coatings, biomedical carriers, and materials for use in lubrication, photonics and energy storage. So far, challenges remain in the high-precision synthesis and topological control needed to realize extended applications of polymer brushes. In this Feature Article, we highlight the topology, potential application prospects and various synthetic protocols, particularly for recently established methods, for the efficient synthesis of polymer brushes, as well as their benefits and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.
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Löblein J, Lorson T, Komma M, Kielholz T, Windbergs M, Dalton PD, Luxenhofer R. An initiator- and catalyst-free hydrogel coating process for 3D printed medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone). Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2095-2101. [PMID: 34476016 PMCID: PMC8381808 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing or 3D printing as an umbrella term for various materials processing methods has distinct advantages over many other processing methods, including the ability to generate highly complex shapes and designs. However, the performance of any produced part not only depends on the material used and its shape, but is also critically dependent on its surface properties. Important features, such as wetting or fouling, critically depend mainly on the immediate surface energy. To gain control over the surface chemistry post-processing modifications are generally necessary, since it′s not a feature of additive manufacturing. Here, we report on the use of initiator and catalyst-free photografting and photopolymerization for the hydrophilic modification of microfiber scaffolds obtained from hydrophobic medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone) via melt-electrowriting. Contact angle measurements and Raman spectroscopy confirms the formation of a more hydrophilic coating of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Apart from surface modification, we also observe bulk polymerization, which is expected for this method, and currently limits the controllability of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Löblein
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lorson
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Komma
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kielholz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maike Windbergs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Blvd, Eugene, 97403 Oregon, USA
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Polymer Functional Materials, Chair for Advanced Materials Synthesis, Institute for Functional Materials and Biofabrication, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Proppe AH, Wei M, Chen B, Quintero-Bermudez R, Kelley SO, Sargent EH. Photochemically Cross-Linked Quantum Well Ligands for 2D/3D Perovskite Photovoltaics with Improved Photovoltage and Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14180-14189. [PMID: 31422664 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The deployment of perovskite solar cells will rely on further progress in the operating and ambient stability of active layers and interfaces within these materials. Low-dimensional perovskites, also known as perovskite quantum wells (PQWs), utilize organic ligands to protect the perovskite lattice from degradation and offer to improve device stability; combining 2D and 3D perovskites in heterostructures has been shown to take advantage of the high efficiency of the majority 3D active layers and combine it with the improved stability of a thin 2D top layer. Prior PQWs have relied on relatively weak interwell van der Waals bonding between hydrophobic organic moieties of the ligands. Here we instead use the ligand 4-vinylbenzylammonium to form well-ordered PQWs atop a 3D perovskite layer. The ligand's vinyl group is activated using UV light which photochemically forms new covalent bonds among PQWs. UV-cross-linked 2D/3D devices show improved operational stability as well as improved long-term dark stability in air: they retain 90% of their initial efficiency after 2300 h of dark aging compared to a retention of 20% of performance in the case of 3D films. The UV-cross-linked PQWs and 2D/3D interfaces reduce device hysteresis and improve the open-circuit voltages to values up to 1.20 V, resulting in more efficient devices (PCE of up to 20.4%). This work highlights the exploitation of the chemical reactivity of PQW ligands to tailor the molecular properties of PQW interfaces for improved stability and performance in 2D/3D perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada M5S 3M2
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10
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11
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Hou L, Zhou M, Dong X, Wang L, Xie Z, Dong D, Zhang N. Controlled Growth of Metal-Organic Frameworks on Polymer Brushes. Chemistry 2017; 23:13337-13341. [PMID: 28816377 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Polymer brushes are for the first time used to induce the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The semi-fixed polymer chains provide a confined environment, which allows a mild growth of MOFs in between polymer chains to give surface-attached spherical MOF nanoparticles, in contrast to the larger MOF cubes/plates formed simultaneously in solution. Polymer brushes bearing carboxylate acid functionalities are indispensable for the formation of surface bound MOFs, while no MOF nanoparticles are observed on neutral polymer brushes. Characterization of the resultant MOF/polymer brushes hybrid film indicates the formation of crystalline MOF structure. The dimension of surface-attached MOFs can be fine-tuned from 20 nm to 1.4 μm simply by varying the structural parameter of polymer brushes and the nucleation duration. The method is not only applicable to the synthesis of MOF-5 and MIL-125, but shows great potential for the preparation of other surface-attached MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liman Hou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, P.R. China
| | - Mingdong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhe Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
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12
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Baki A, Rahman CV, White LJ, Scurr DJ, Qutachi O, Shakesheff KM. Surface modification of PdlLGA microspheres with gelatine methacrylate: Evaluation of adsorption, entrapment, and oxygen plasma treatment approaches. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:450-459. [PMID: 28093368 PMCID: PMC5424780 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Injectable poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PdlLGA) microspheres are promising candidates as biodegradable controlled release carriers for drug and cell delivery applications; however, they have limited functional groups on the surface to enable dense grafting of tissue specific biocompatible molecules. In this study we have evaluated surface adsorption, entrapment and oxygen plasma treatment as three approaches to modify the surfaces of PdlLGA microspheres with gelatine methacrylate (gel-MA) as a biocompatible and photo cross-linkable macromolecule. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to detect and quantify gel-MA on the surfaces. Fluorescent and scanning electron microscopies (SEM) were used to image the topographical changes. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of immortalised cell line were cultured on the surface of gel-MA modified PdlLGA microspheres and Presto-Blue assay was used to study the effect of different surface modifications on cell proliferation. Data analysis showed that the oxygen plasma treatment approach resulted in the highest density of gel-MA deposition. This study supports oxygen plasma treatment as a facile approach to modify the surface of injectable PdlLGA microspheres with macromolecules such as gel-MA to enhance proliferation rate of injected cells and potentially enable further grafting of tissue specific molecules. Statement of Significance Poly (dl lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PdlLGA) microspheres offer limited functional groups on their surface to enable proper grafting of tissue specific bioactive molecules. To overcome this limitation, previous approaches have suggested using alkaline solutions to introduce active groups to the surface; however, they may compromise surface topography and lose any potential surface patterns. Plasma polymerisation of bioactive monomers has been suggested to enhance surface biocompatibility; however, it is not applicable on low vapour pressure macromolecules such as most extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and growth factors. This study aims to evaluate three different approaches to modify the surface of PdlLGA microspheres with gelatine-methacrylate (gel-MA) to enable further grafting of cross-linkable biomolecules without compromising the surface topography or the biocompatibility of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Baki
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Cheryl V Rahman
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lisa J White
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David J Scurr
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Omar Qutachi
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kevin M Shakesheff
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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13
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Toader M, Schubel R, Hartmann M, Scharfenberg L, Jordan R, Mertig M, Schulz S, Gessner T, Hermann S. Enhancement of carbon nanotube FET performance via direct synthesis of poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) in the transistor channel. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Bai G, Ma S, Qie R, Liu Z, Shi Y, Li C, Wang R, Guo X, Zhou F, Jia X. UV-Triggered Surface-Initiated Polymerization from Colorless Green Tea Polyphenol-Coated Surfaces. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1256-61. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Shuanhong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 730000 Lanzhou China
| | - Runtian Qie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Yulin Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Cuihua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Rongjie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China; University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 730000 Lanzhou China
| | - Xin Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan; Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Engineering Research Center of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bintuan; Shihezi University; Shihezi 832003 China
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15
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Styan KE, Easton CD, Weaver LG, Meagher L. One-Reactant Photografting of ATRP Initiators for Surface-Initiated Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1079-86. [PMID: 27145108 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-initiated photografting polymerization is used to couple the polymerizable initiator monomer 2-(2-chloropropanoyloxy)ethyl acrylate to a range of polymeric substrates. The technique requires only UV light to couple the initiator to surfaces. The initiator surface density can be varied by inclusion of a diluent monomer or via selection of initiator and irradiation parameters. The functionality of the initiator surface is demonstrated by subsequent surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Surfaces are characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-induced changes to the initiator are assessed by (1) H NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). This is the first time this one-reactant one-step technique has been demonstrated for creating an initiator surface of variable density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Styan
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Ave, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | | | - Lucy G Weaver
- CSIRO Food and Nutrition, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, VIC, 3030, Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- Monash Institute of Medical Engineering and the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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16
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Hafner D, Ziegler L, Ichwan M, Zhang T, Schneider M, Schiffmann M, Thomas C, Hinrichs K, Jordan R, Amin I. Mussel-Inspired Polymer Carpets: Direct Photografting of Polymer Brushes on Polydopamine Nanosheets for Controlled Cell Adhesion. Adv Mater 2016; 28:1489-1494. [PMID: 26671880 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
2D mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) nanosheets are prepared and exploited as a functional surface for grafting various polymer brushes. The PDA nanosheet and its polymer-brush derivatives show lateral integrity and are robust; therefore, they can be detached from their substrates. Cell-adhesion tests show that the PDA nanosheet promotes cell growth and attachment, while a PDA-based poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) carpet exhibits nonfouling behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hafner
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lisa Ziegler
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ichwan
- Center for Regenerative Therapy Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Dr. T. Mansur 5, 20155, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Tao Zhang
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schneider
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Schiffmann
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Thomas
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karsten Hinrichs
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische, Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Department Berlin, Schwarzschildstrasse 8, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Schumannstrasse 11, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ihsan Amin
- Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, George-Schumannstrasse 11, 01187, Dresden, Germany
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17
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Hou L, Bian H, Wang Q, Zhang N, Liang Y, Dong D. Direct functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals with polymer brushes via UV-induced polymerization: access to novel heterogeneous visible-light photocatalysts. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11403b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient and facile strategy for the preparation of polymer brushes on cellulose nanocrystals via photopolymerization is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liman Hou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Hang Bian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Qiliao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yongjiu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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18
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Bian H, Yang J, Zhang N, Wang Q, Liang Y, Dong D. Ultrathin free-standing polymer membranes with chemically responsive luminescence via consecutive photopolymerizations. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py02013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile and general strategy for the preparation of chemically responsive ultrathin free-standing polymer membranes is demonstrated via UV-induced photopolymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Bian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Jiming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Qiliao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yongjiu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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19
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Abstract
A general strategy for creating polymer brushes on the surface of MOF nanoparticles and membranes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liman Hou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
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20
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Nugroho RWN, Odelius K, Höglund A, Albertsson A. The nature of polymer grafts and substrate shape on the surface degradation of poly(
l
‐lactide). J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robertus Wahyu N. Nugroho
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE‐10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE‐10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anders Höglund
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE‐10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ann‐Christine Albertsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE‐10044 Stockholm Sweden
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21
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Panagiotopoulou M, Beyazit S, Nestora S, Haupt K, Tse Sum Bui B. Initiator-free synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers by polymerization of self-initiated monomers. POLYMER 2015; 66:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Yang J, Zhang N, Li H, Xu B, Tian W, Dong D. Polymer grafts on zirconia particles and their application as supports of hybrid catalyst. POLYM INT 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Yang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 PR China
| | - Haolong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 PR China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry, Jilin University; Changchun 130012 PR China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 PR China
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23
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Yang J, Liang Y, Salzinger S, Zhang N, Dong D, Rieger B. Poly(vinylphosphonate)s functionalized polymer microspheres via rare earth metal-mediated group transfer polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Yang
- Green Chemistry and Process Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjiu Liang
- Green Chemistry and Process Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Stephan Salzinger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Ning Zhang
- Green Chemistry and Process Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Green Chemistry and Process Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching bei München Germany
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24
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Wu Z, Wang D, Yang P. A Facile Bifunctional Strategy for Fabrication of Bioactive or Bioinert Functionalized Organic Surfaces via Amides-Initiated Photochemical Reactions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie501058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfang Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xìan, 710119 China
| | - Dehui Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xìan, 710119 China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloids Chemistry, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xìan, 710119 China
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25
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Yang J, Hou L, Xu B, Zhang N, Liang Y, Tian W, Dong D. Polymer Brushes on Planar TiO2
Substrates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1224-9. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Yang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Liman Hou
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Yongjiu Liang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 China
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26
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Krawicz A, Yang J, Anzenberg E, Yano J, Sharp ID, Moore GF. Photofunctional construct that interfaces molecular cobalt-based catalysts for H2 production to a visible-light-absorbing semiconductor. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11861-8. [PMID: 23848528 DOI: 10.1021/ja404158r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular cobalt-containing hydrogen production catalysts are grafted to a visible-light-absorbing semiconductor. The attachment procedure exploits the UV-induced immobilization chemistry of vinylpyridine to p-type (100) gallium phosphide (GaP). Single step surface-initiated photopolymerization yields a covalently attached polymer with pendent pyridyl groups that provide attachment points for assembling cobaloxime catalysts. Successful attachment is characterized by grazing angle attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (GATR-FTIR), which shows distinct vibrational modes associated with the catalyst, as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) that confirm the presence of intact Co(III) complex on the surface. The Co-functionalized photocathode shows significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance in aqueous conditions at neutral pH, compared to results obtained on GaP without attached cobalt complex. PEC measurements, at 100 mW cm(-2) illumination, yield a 2.4 mA cm(-2) current density at a 310 mV underpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Krawicz
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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27
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Peng X, Zhao L, Du G, Wei X, Guo J, Wang X, Guo G, Pu Q. Charge tunable zwitterionic polyampholyte layers formed in cyclic olefin copolymer microchannels through photochemical graft polymerization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:1017-23. [PMID: 23331535 DOI: 10.1021/am3027019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic layers immobilized on various surfaces exhibit ideal biocompatibility and antifouling capability, but direct immobilization of zwitterionic molecules provides limited choice of surface charges. In this paper, the formation of charge tunable zwitterionic polyampholyte layers onto the surface of microfluidic channels of cyclic olefin copolymer by photochemical graft polymerization of mixed acrylic monomers, [2-(acryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethyl ammonium chloride and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic, under UV illumination was reported. With this method, surface charge of the resulting modification layers could be tailored through the initial monomer ratio and reaction conditions. The incorporation of both monomers into the grafted layers was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). The results indicate that the modified layers are hydrophilic with contact angles of 33.0-44.3°, and the isoelectric points of the modified layers can be tuned from <3 to >9 simply by adjusting the monomer ratios. Elimination of the nonspecific adsorption of proteins on the zwitterionic layers thus formed was proved by fluorescent microscopy and streaming potential measurement. The uniformity of the modified layers was verified through a comparison of electrophoresis inside the modified and native microchannels. A whole blood coagulation time measurement was performed to show its applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Y. Khalimon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Erin M. Leitao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Warren E. Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
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29
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Zhang N, Salzinger S, Deubel F, Jordan R, Rieger B. Surface-Initiated Group Transfer Polymerization Mediated by Rare Earth Metal Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7333-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3027423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Stephan Salzinger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Frank Deubel
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching
bei München, Germany
| | - Rainer Jordan
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching
bei München, Germany
- Professur für Makromolekulare
Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für
Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching
bei München, Germany
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Krüger K, Tauer K, Yagci Y, Moszner N. Photoinitiated Bulk and Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene – Evidence for Photo-Controlled Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2021997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Krüger
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Colloid Chemistry Department, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Klaus Tauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Colloid Chemistry Department, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Colloid Chemistry Department, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Golm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
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Hoijemberg PA, Chemtob A, Croutxé-Barghorn C. Two Routes Towards Photoinitiator-Free Photopolymerization in Miniemulsion: Acrylate Self-Initiation and Photoactive Surfactant. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Steenackers M, Gigler AM, Zhang N, Deubel F, Seifert M, Hess LH, Lim CHYX, Loh KP, Garrido JA, Jordan R, Stutzmann M, Sharp ID. Polymer Brushes on Graphene. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:10490-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201052q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Steenackers
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander M. Gigler
- CeNS and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 41, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Ning Zhang
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Frank Deubel
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Max Seifert
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Lucas H. Hess
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Candy Haley Yi Xuan Lim
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Jose A. Garrido
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Stutzmann
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ian D. Sharp
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Flook K, Agroskin Y, Pohl C. Reversed-phase monoliths prepared by UV polymerization of divinylbenzene. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2047-53. [PMID: 21661110 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Many different techniques have been developed to prepare monolithic materials specifically for chromatographic techniques. The two most popular polymerization techniques being thermal or via ultra violet (UV) light. Whereas thermal polymerization is easily employed for a whole variety of monomer and porogen systems, UV polymerization has been limited to methacrylate-based systems, and styrenic systems have been avoided due to their strong absorbance at low wavelengths. By careful consideration of wavelength, initiator and other system components, it was proven that reversed-phase columns for the separation of proteins and peptides can be prepared using divinylbenzene through UV initiation of 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone at a wavelength of 350 nm.
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Amin I, Steenackers M, Zhang N, Schubel R, Beyer A, Gölzhäuser A, Jordan R. Patterned polymer carpets. Small 2011; 7:683-7. [PMID: 21370466 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
For the development of polymer carpets as active devices for micro- and nanotechnology, a control of the polymer carpet morphology and especially control of the stimulus responsive polymer brush is needed. Here, we report on the first example for the fabrication of patterned polymer carpets. On a two-dimensional framework of fully crosslinked and chemically patterned nanosheets, polymer brushes of styrene and 4-vinyl pyridine were grafted by self-initiated surface photopolymerization and photografting (SIPGP). It was found that polymer grafting by SIPGP occurred over the entire nanosheets but with a preferred grafting on the amino functionalized nanosheet areas. This results in continuous polymer carpets with an intact nanosheet framework but with amplification of the chemical patterning into a three dimensional topography of the grafted polymer brush. In the case of negative patterned nanosheets, the patterned carpet could be prepared as freestanding ultrathin membranes. Furthermore, swelling experiments with poly(4-vinyl pyridine) carpets showed that the patterns induces a directional buckling of the flexible polymer carpet. This may open the possibility of the development of micro- or nanoactuator devices with anisotropic responds upon environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Amin
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany; Physik Supramolekularer Systeme, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Abstract
The fabrication of defined polymer objects of reduced dimensions such as polymer-coated nanoparticles (zero-dimensional (0D)), cylindrical brushes (1D), and polymer membranes (2D), is currently the subject of intense research. In particular, ultrathin polymer membranes with high aspect ratios are being discussed as novel materials for miniaturized sensors because they would provide extraordinary sensitivity and dynamic range when sufficient mechanical stability can be combined with flexibility and chemical functionality. Unlike current approaches that rely on crosslinking of polymer layers for stabilization, this report presents the preparation of a new class of polymer material, so-called "polymer carpets," a freestanding polymer brush grown by surface-initiated polymerization on a crosslinked 1-nm-thick monolayer. The solid-supported, as well as freestanding, polymer carpets are found to be mechanically robust and to react instantaneously and reversibly to external stimuli by buckling. The carpet mechanics and the dramatic changes of the film properties (optical, wetting) upon chemical stimuli are investigated in detail as they allow the development of completely new integrated micro-/nanotechnology devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Amin
- Physik Supramolekularer Systeme, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Song A, Zhao D, Rong R, Zhang L, Wang H. Photografting of methacrylic acid onto HDPE initiated by acetaldehyde in aqueous solutions. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Faxälv L, Ekblad T, Liedberg B, Lindahl TL. Blood compatibility of photografted hydrogel coatings. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:2599-608. [PMID: 20045090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have evaluated the haemocompatibility of different surface modifications, intended for biomaterials and bioanalytical applications. Polystyrene slides were coated with thin hydrogel films by self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SIPGP) of four different monomers. The hydrogel surface modifications were thoroughly characterized and tested for their protein resistance and ability to resist platelet adhesion and activation of the coagulation system. There was very little protein adsorption from human plasma on the hydrogels prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Platelet adhesion tests performed under both static and flow conditions showed that these coatings also demonstrated very high resistance towards platelet adhesion. A small amount of platelets were found to adhere to hydrogels formed from ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate and 2-carboxyethyl methacrylate. The polystyrene substrates themselves facilitated large amounts of platelet adhesion under both static and flow conditions. Utilizing a novel setup for imaging of coagulation, it was confirmed that none of the hydrogel surfaces activated the coagulation system to any great extent. We suggest that this simple fabrication method can be used to produce hydrogel coatings with unusually high blood compatibility, suitable for demanding biomaterials applications.
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Han J, Wang H. Photografting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid onto polyolefines initiated by formaldehyde in aqueous solutions. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang N, Steenackers M, Luxenhofer R, Jordan R. Bottle-Brush Brushes: Cylindrical Molecular Brushes of Poly(2-oxazoline) on Glassy Carbon. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma900329y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, TU München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Marin Steenackers
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, TU München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, TU München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, TU Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, TU München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, TU Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Abstract
This work describes the fabrication, characterization, and protein adsorption behavior of charged polymer gradients. The thin gradient films were fabricated by a two-step technique using UV-initiated free-radical polymerization in a reactor with a moving shutter. A homogeneous layer of cationic poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride) was first formed, followed by a layer of oppositely charged poly(2-carboxyethyl acrylate) with a continuously increasing thickness. Adsorption from protein solutions as well as human blood plasma was investigated by imaging surface plasmon resonance and infrared microscopy. The results showed excessive protein adsorption in the areas where one of the polymers dominated the composition, while there was a clear minimum at an intermediate position of the gradient. The charge of the surface was estimated by direct force measurements and found to correlate well with the protein adsorption, showing the lowest net charge in the same area as the protein adsorption minimum. We therefore hypothesize that a combination of the charged polymers, in the right proportions, can result in a protein-resistant surface due to balanced charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ekblad
- Division of Molecular Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE- 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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Steenackers M, Küller A, Stoycheva S, Grunze M, Jordan R. Structured and gradient polymer brushes from biphenylthiol self-assembled monolayers by self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SIPGP). Langmuir 2009; 25:2225-2231. [PMID: 19140707 DOI: 10.1021/la803386c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The self-initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SIPGP) of styrene, methyl methacrylate, and tert-butyl methacrylate on structured self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of electron beam cross-linked omega-functionalized biphenylthiols SAMs on gold was investigated. Polymer brushes with defined thickness can be prepared on crosslinked benzyl-, phenyl-, hydroxyl-, and amino-functionalized SAMs, whereas non-cross-linked SAM regions desorb from the surface during the SIPGP process. By the preparation of brush gradients on different functionalized SAMs, it was demonstrated that the resulting polymer brush layer thickness is determined by the locally applied electron beam dosage. Defined micro-nanostructured polymer brush patterns can be prepared down to a size of 50 nm. Finally, it was shown that polymer brushes obtained by the SIPGP process have a branched architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Steenackers
- Wacker-Lehrstuhl for Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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Zhang Z, Kong L, Deng J, Yang P, Yang W. Photografting of unable-to-be-irradiated surfaces. I. Batch vapor-phase process by one-step method. J Appl Polym Sci 2006; 101:2269-76. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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