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Yin C, Zhang R, Pan Y, Gao S, Ding X, Bai ST, Lang Q, Zhang X. PPM Ir-f-phamidol-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of γ-Amino Ketones Followed by Stereoselective Cyclization for Construction of Chiral 2-Aryl-pyrrolidine Pharmacophores. J Org Chem 2024; 89:527-533. [PMID: 38095905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal catalysts with a million turnovers and excellent selectivity are rarely reported but are crucial for the industrial manufacture of optical pure pharmaceuticals, natural products, and fine chemicals. In this paper, we report an unprecedented aninoic Ir-f-phamidol catalyst for asymmetric hydrogenation of γ-amino ketones followed by stereoselective cyclization for construction of valuable chiral 2-aryl-pyrrolidine pharmacophores. The Ir-f-phamidol catalyst showed up to 1,000,000 TON and >99% ee, as well as excellent tolerance of substrates and protecting groups, providing various chiral amino alcohol intermediates. Upon optimization of the conditions, the stereoselective cyclization reaction was highly smooth and efficient (quantitative conversions, 92 to >99% ee). Finally, this solution was applied in the preparation of high-value chiral entities containing such chiral 2-aryl-pyrrolidine pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center of Green Pharmaceutical Technology and Process, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Runtong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Center for Carbon-Neutrality Catalysis and Engineering and Institute of Carbon-Neutral Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yingmin Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaobing Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shao-Tao Bai
- Center for Carbon-Neutrality Catalysis and Engineering and Institute of Carbon-Neutral Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiwei Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry and Medi-X PingShan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Heckmann CM, Paul CE. Enantio-Complementary Synthesis of 2-Substituted Pyrrolidines and Piperidines via Transaminase-Triggered Cyclizations. JACS Au 2023; 3:1642-1649. [PMID: 37388678 PMCID: PMC10301811 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Chiral N-heterocycles are a common motif in many active pharmaceutical ingredients; however, their synthesis often relies on the use of heavy metals. In recent years, several biocatalytic approaches have emerged to reach enantiopurity. Here, we describe the asymmetric synthesis of 2-substituted pyrrolidines and piperidines, starting from commercially available ω-chloroketones by using transaminases, which has not yet been comprehensively studied. Analytical yields of up to 90% and enantiomeric excesses of up to >99.5% for each enantiomer were achieved, which has not previously been shown for bulky substituents. This biocatalytic approach was applied to synthesize (R)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine on a 300 mg scale, affording 84% isolated yield, with >99.5% ee.
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Abstract
A summary of the catalytic synthesis and reactivity of N-silylated amines is presented. Dehydrocoupling of amines with silanes, hydrosilylation of imines and dealkenylative coupling of amines with vinylsilanes are three ways to achieve their catalytic syntheses. The resultant N-silylamines serve as substrates in a variety of reactions, including C-N and C-C bond forming reactions, and are preferred in transformations because of the facile Si-N hydrolytic cleavage to reveal free amine products upon reaction completion. This review highlights the distinct electronic properties of N-silyl amines, N-silyl imines and N-silyl enamines that result in complementary reactivity to that of parent non-silyl variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Verma
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Ana Koperniku
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Peter M Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Laurel L Schafer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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Bernhard LM, McLachlan J, Gröger H. Process Development of Enantioselective Imine Reductase-Catalyzed Syntheses of Pharmaceutically Relevant Pyrrolidines. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Bernhard
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jill McLachlan
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Lv X, Chen L, Pan J, Meng X, Bi S, Liu W, Zhou T, Lin K, Ye D, Zhou W. Efficient preparation of (R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidine via a recycle process of resolution. Chirality 2021; 33:931-937. [PMID: 34651347 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An efficient preparation of (R)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)pyrrolidine ((R)-1) from the racemate based on a recycle process of resolution/racemization was described. In the process, the desired (R)-1 was obtained by resolution with D-malic acid in 95% EtOH. Meanwhile, the undesired (S)-1 could be racemized in the presence of potassium hydroxide in DMSO. After three times of recycle process, the desired freebase (R)-1 was obtained in a yield of 61.7% with excellent ee (98.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunlei Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Meng
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Siju Bi
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuaile Lin
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Deyong Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anti-infectives, State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
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Carvalho RL, de Miranda AS, Nunes MP, Gomes RS, Jardim GAM, Júnior ENDS. On the application of 3d metals for C-H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1849-1938. [PMID: 34386103 PMCID: PMC8329403 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several valuable biologically active molecules can be obtained through C-H activation processes. However, the use of expensive and not readily accessible catalysts complicates the process of pharmacological application of these compounds. A plausible way to overcome this issue is developing and using cheaper, more accessible, and equally effective catalysts. First-row transition (3d) metals have shown to be important catalysts in this matter. This review summarizes the use of 3d metal catalysts in C-H activation processes to obtain potentially (or proved) biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato L Carvalho
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda S de Miranda
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mateus P Nunes
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto S Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centre for Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Fukawa Y, Mizuno Y, Kawade K, Mitsukura K, Yoshida T. Novel (S)-Selective Hydrolase from Arthrobacter sp. K5 for Kinetic Resolution of Cyclic Amines. Catalysts 2021; 11:809. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral 2-methylpiperidine (2-MPI) is an important building block that has potential for applications in pharmaceuticals and pesticides. In this study, we observed that the hydrolase in Arthrobacter sp. K5 exhibits high (S)-selectivity toward rac-N-pivaloyl-2-MPI to yield (S)-2-MPI with 80.2% enantiomeric excess (ee) in a 38.2% conversion. The hydrolase, which was identified by analyses of partial amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme and genome sequence of Arthrobacter sp. K5, exhibited moderate homology with amidohydrolases up to 67% (molinate hydrolase from Gulosibacter molinativorax). The hydrolase gene was overexpressed in Rhodococcus erythropolis. The recombinant cells produced (S)-2-MPI with 83.5% ee in a 48.4% conversion (E = 26.3) from 100 mM rac-N-pivaloyl-2-MPI. These results suggest the possibility of an efficient preparation of chiral 2-MPI in kinetic resolution.
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Okamoto K, Tsutsui M, Morizumi H, Kitano Y, Chiba K. Electrochemical Synthesis of Imino‐
C
‐Nucleosides by “Reactivity Switching” Methodology for
in situ
Generated Glycoside Donors. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Okamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Mizuki Tsutsui
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Haruka Morizumi
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kitano
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
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