1
|
Belov F, Gazizova A, Bork H, Gröger H, von Langermann J. Crystallization assisted dynamic kinetic resolution for the synthesis of (R)-β-methylphenethylamine. Chembiochem 2024:e202400203. [PMID: 38602845 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
This study explores a combination of the concept of enantioselective enzymatic synthesis of β-chiral amines through transamination with in situ product crystallization (ISPC) to overcome product inhibition. Using 2-phenylpropanal as a readily available and easily racemizing substrate of choice, (R)-β-methylphenethylamine ((R)-2-phenylpropan-1-amine) concentrations of up to 250 mM and enantiomeric excesses of up to 99 % are achieved when using a commercially available transaminase from Ruegeria pomeroyi in a fed-batch based dynamic kinetic resolution reaction on preparative scale. The source of substrate decomposition during the reaction is also investigated and the resulting unwanted byproduct formation is successfully reduced to insignificant levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feodor Belov
- Otto von Guericke University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitätsplatz 2, Building 28, 39106, Magdeburg, GERMANY
| | - Alina Gazizova
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3A, 18059, Rostock, GERMANY
| | - Hannah Bork
- Bielefeld University, Department of Chemistry, Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, P.O. box: 10 01 31, 33501, Bielefeld, GERMANY
| | - Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. box: 10 01 31, Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, 33501, Bielefeld, GERMANY
| | - Jan von Langermann
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg: Otto von Guericke Universitat Magdeburg, Institute of Chemistry, Universitätsplatz 2, Building 28, Office 307, 39106, Magdeburg, GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gröger H, Horino S, Kanomata K, Akai S. Strategies to Design Chemocatalytic Racemization of Tertiary Alcohols: State of the Art & Utilization for Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Chemistry 2024:e202304028. [PMID: 38580616 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
In this "Concepts"-article, the difficulties in racemizing tertiary alcohols are described as well as a summary of the different chemocatalytic concepts to overcome these hurdles and to pave a way for efficiently racemizing of tertiary alcohols. When combined with the enantioselective enzymatic esterification of tertiary alcohols, the racemization protocols enable a DKR to convert the racemates into enantiomerically pure esters of tertiary alcohols, which are of high interest in the field of pharmaceutically active products. Very recently, various research groups have succeeded in solving the challenging task of identifying suitable chemocatalysts for an efficient racemization of tertiary alcohols and simultaneously suppressing unwanted dehydration side-reactions. It is noteworthy that such methods are based on different, complementary catalysis concepts. Besides Brønsted acids, oxovanadium catalysts as well as piperidine as a representative of an organocatalyst have been found to be useful for the racemization of each type of alcohols. The latter two types of catalysts also turned out to be compatible with lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution, thus leading to the first two examples of a proof-of-concept for chemoenzymatic DKR of tertiary alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie Organische Chemie I, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, GERMANY
| | - Satoshi Horino
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Kyohei Kanomata
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Shuji Akai
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, JAPAN
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bookholt T, Qin X, Lilli B, Enke D, Huck M, Balkenhohl D, Rüwe K, Brune J, Klare JP, Küpper K, Schuster A, Bergjan J, Steinhart M, Gröger H, Daum D, Schäfer H. Increased Readiness for Water Splitting: NiO-Induced Weakening of Bonds in Water Molecules as Possible Cause of Ultra-Low Oxygen Evolution Potential. Small 2024:e2310665. [PMID: 38386292 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of non-precious metal-based electrodes that actively and stably support the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water electrolysis systems remains a challenge, especially at low pH levels. The recently published study has conclusively shown that the addition of haematite to H2 SO4 is a highly effective method of significantly reducing oxygen evolution overpotential and extending anode life. The far superior result is achieved by concentrating oxygen evolution centres on the oxide particles rather than on the electrode. However, unsatisfactory Faradaic efficiencies of the OER and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) parts as well as the required high haematite load impede applicability and upscaling of this process. Here it is shown that the same performance is achieved with three times less metal oxide powder if NiO/H2 SO4 suspensions are used along with stainless steel anodes. The reason for the enormous improvement in OER performance by adding NiO to the electrolyte is the weakening of the intramolecular O─H bond in the water molecules, which is under the direct influence of the nickel oxide suspended in the electrolyte. The manipulation of bonds in water molecules to increase the tendency of the water to split is a ground-breaking development, as shown in this first example.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bookholt
- University of Osnabrück, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Xian Qin
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Bettina Lilli
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Chemical Technology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Enke
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Chemical Technology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marten Huck
- University of Osnabrück, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Danni Balkenhohl
- University of Osnabrück, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Klara Rüwe
- University of Osnabrück, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Julia Brune
- University of Osnabrück, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Johann P Klare
- University of Osnabrück Department of Physics, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Karsten Küpper
- University of Osnabrück Department of Physics, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Anja Schuster
- University of Osnabrück, Inorganic Chemistry II, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jenrik Bergjan
- University of Osnabrück, Physical Chemistry, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Martin Steinhart
- University of Osnabrück, Physical Chemistry, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University, Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Diemo Daum
- Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Chemistry, Am Krümpel 31, 49090, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Helmut Schäfer
- University of Osnabrück, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Salitra N, Gurauskis J, Gröger H. Design of 3D-Printed Heterogeneous Reactor Systems To Overcome Incompatibility Hurdles when Combining Metal and Enzyme Catalysis in a One-Pot Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202316760. [PMID: 38217774 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Combining chemo- and biocatalysis enables the design of novel economic and sustainable one-pot processes to industrial chemicals, preferably proceeding in water. While a range of proof-of-concepts for the compatibility of such catalysts from these two different "worlds of catalysis" have recently been demonstrated, merging non-compatible chemo- and biocatalysts for joint applications within one reactor remained a challenge. A conceptual solution is compartmentalization of the catalytic moieties by heterogenization of critical catalyst components, thus "shielding" them from the complementary non-compatible catalyst, substrate or reagent. Exemplified for a one-pot process consisting of a metal-catalyzed Wacker oxidation and enzymatic reduction as non-compatible individual reactions steps, we demonstrate that making use of 3D-printing of heterogeneous materials containing Cu as critical metal component can overcome such incompatibility hurdles. The application of a 3D-printed Cu-ceramic device as metal catalyst component allows an efficient combination with the enzyme and the desired two-step transformation of styrene into the chiral alcohol product with high overall conversion and excellent enantioselectivity. This compartmentalization concept based on 3D-printing of heterogenized metal catalysts represents a scalable methodology and opens up numerous perspectives to be used as a general tool also for other related chemoenzymatic research challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya Salitra
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Jonas Gurauskis
- INMA: Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon, Research group Dr. Gurauskis, SPAIN
| | - Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie Organische Chemie I, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hinzmann M, Yavuzer H, Hinzmann A, Gröger H. Database-driven In Silico-Identification and Characterization of Novel Aldoxime Dehydratases. J Biotechnol 2023; 367:81-88. [PMID: 36907356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Aldoxime dehydratases (Oxds) are a unique class of enzymes, which catalyzes the dehydration of aldoximes to nitriles in an aqueous environment. Recently, they gained attention as a catalyst for a green and cyanide-free alternative to established nitrile syntheses, which often require the use of toxic cyanides and harsh reaction conditions. Up to now only thirteen aldoxime dehydratases have been discovered and biochemically characterized. This raised the interest for identifying further Oxds with, e.g., complementary properties in terms of substrate scope. In this study, 16 novel genes, presumably encoding aldoxime dehydratases, were selected by using a commercially available 3DM database based on OxdB an Oxd from Bacillus sp. OxB-1. Out of 16 proteins, six enzymes with aldoxime dehydratases activity were identified, which differ in their substrate scope and activity. While some novel Oxds showed better performance for aliphatic substrate such as n-octanaloxime compared to the well characterized OxdRE from Rhodococcus sp. N-771, some showed activity for aromatic aldoximes, leading to an overall high usability of these enzymes in organic chemistry. The applicability for organic synthesis was underlined by converting 100 mM n-octanaloxime at a 10 mL scale within 5 h with the novel aldoxime dehydratase OxdHR as whole-cell catalyst (33 mgbww/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hinzmann
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hilmi Yavuzer
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Alessa Hinzmann
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Altemeier B, Gröger H. Overcoming Thermodynamically Driven Retro‐Diels‐Alder Reaction through a Cascade One‐Pot Process Exemplified by a Bio‐Based Platform Chemical. European J Org Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202300018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Altemeier
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Faculty of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Organische Chemie I Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Choi D, Takahashi N, Maruoka H, Harada S, Nastke A, Gröger H, Nemoto T. Synthetic Study of Dragmacidin E: Enantioselective Construction of the Seven-Membered Ring-Fused Indole Skeleton with Contiguous Stereocenters. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36701491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We developed an enantioselective synthetic method of constructing a seven-membered ring-fused indole skeleton with contiguous stereocenters for the synthesis of dragmacidin E. Introduction of chirality at the benzylic position was achieved by Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. After construction of the tricyclic molecular framework using Pd-catalyzed cascade cyclization, the tetrasubstituted carbon center was created using the Ag nitrene-mediated C-H amination reaction. The developed method provided access to the functionalized seven-membered ring-fused indole skeleton with a hydroxymethyl branch in the tetrasubstituted carbon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongil Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Noa Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Haruka Maruoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Alina Nastke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic catalysis, by definition, involves the merging of sequential reactions using both chemocatalysis and biocatalysis, typically in a single reaction vessel. A major challenge, the solution to which, however, is associated with numerous advantages, is to run such one-pot processes in water: the majority of enzyme-catalyzed processes take place in water as Nature's reaction medium, thus enabling a broad synthetic diversity when using water due to the option to use virtually all types of enzymes. Furthermore, water is cheap, abundantly available, and environmentally friendly, thus making it, in principle, an ideal reaction medium. On the other hand, most chemocatalysis is routinely performed today in organic solvents (which might deactivate enzymes), thus appearing to make it difficult to combine such reactions with biocatalysis toward one-pot cascades in water. Several creative approaches and solutions that enable such combinations of chemo- and biocatalysis in water to be realized and applied to synthetic problems are presented herein, reflecting the state-of-the-art in this blossoming field. Coverage has been sectioned into three parts, after introductory remarks: (1) Chapter 2 focuses on historical developments that initiated this area of research; (2) Chapter 3 describes key developments post-initial discoveries that have advanced this field; and (3) Chapter 4 highlights the latest achievements that provide attractive solutions to the main question of compatibility between biocatalysis (used predominantly in aqueous media) and chemocatalysis (that remains predominantly performed in organic solvents), both Chapters covering mainly literature from ca. 2018 to the present. Chapters 5 and 6 provide a brief overview as to where the field stands, the challenges that lie ahead, and ultimately, the prognosis looking toward the future of chemoenzymatic catalysis in organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce H Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hashimoto Y, Harada S, Kato R, Ikeda K, Nonnhoff J, Gröger H, Nemoto T. Merging Chemo- and Biocatalysis to Facilitate the Syntheses of Complex Natural Products: Enantioselective Construction of an N-Bridged [3.3.1] Ring System in Indole Terpenoids. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ikeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Jannis Nonnhoff
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Horino S, Nishio T, Kawanishi S, Oki S, Nishihara K, Ikawa T, Kanomata K, Wagner K, Gröger H, Akai S. Cover Feature: Enantiodivergent Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution: Conversion of Racemic Propargyl Alcohols into Both Enantiomers (Chem. Eur. J. 60/2022). Chemistry 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Horino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tomoya Nishio
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Shinji Kawanishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Shinya Oki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Koichi Nishihara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takashi Ikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kyohei Kanomata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Karla Wagner
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1-6, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Horino S, Nishio T, Kawanishi S, Oki S, Nishihara K, Ikawa T, Kanomata K, Wagner K, Gröger H, Akai S. Enantiodivergent Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution: Conversion of Racemic Propargyl Alcohols into Both Enantiomers. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202437. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Horino
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Tomoya Nishio
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Shinji Kawanishi
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Shinya Oki
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Koichi Nishihara
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Takashi Ikawa
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Kyohei Kanomata
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences JAPAN
| | - Karla Wagner
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology GERMANY
| | - Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology GERMANY
| | - Shuji Akai
- Osaka University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1-6, Yamadaoka 565-0871 Suita JAPAN
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nonnhoff J, Stammler HG, Gröger H. Enantioselective Synthesis of Thiomorpholines through Biocatalytic Reduction of 3,6-Dihydro-2 H-1,4-thiazines Using Imine Reductases. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11369-11378. [PMID: 35969670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an enantioselective biocatalytic synthesis of chiral thiomorpholines using imine reductases (IREDs) is described. As substrates, four prochiral and one chiral 3,6-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazines were synthesized in a modified Asinger reaction and subsequently reduced using imine reductases as a biocatalyst, NADPH as a cofactor, and a glucose dehydrogenase (GDH)-glucose cofactor regeneration system. As a result, chiral thiomorpholines with a stereogenic center created in 3-position were obtained under mild process conditions with high conversions and excellent enantioselectivities of up to 99%. Furthermore, as a proof of concept, a sequential one-pot process combining both individual reaction steps was achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Nonnhoff
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nastke A, Gröger H. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Heterocycles. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527832002.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
14
|
Kasama K, Hinami Y, Mizuno K, Horino S, Nishio T, Yuki C, Kanomata K, Moustafa GAI, Gröger H, Akai S. Lipase-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of <i>C</i><sub>1</sub>-Symmetric Heterocyclic Biaryls. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:391-399. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Kasama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Yuya Hinami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Karin Mizuno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Satoshi Horino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Tomoya Nishio
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Chiharu Yuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Kyohei Kanomata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | | | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Andreo J, Ettlinger R, Zaremba O, Peña Q, Lächelt U, de Luis RF, Freund R, Canossa S, Ploetz E, Zhu W, Diercks CS, Gröger H, Wuttke S. Reticular Nanoscience: Bottom-Up Assembly Nanotechnology. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7531-7550. [PMID: 35389641 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of metal-organic and covalent organic frameworks (MOFs and COFs) is perhaps the most diverse and inclusive among the chemical sciences, and yet it can be radically expanded by blending it with nanotechnology. The result is reticular nanoscience, an area of reticular chemistry that has an immense potential in virtually any technological field. In this perspective, we explore the extension of such an interdisciplinary reach by surveying the explored and unexplored possibilities that framework nanoparticles can offer. We localize these unique nanosized reticular materials at the juncture between the molecular and the macroscopic worlds, and describe the resulting synthetic and analytical chemistry, which is fundamentally different from conventional frameworks. Such differences are mirrored in the properties that reticular nanoparticles exhibit, which we described while referring to the present state-of-the-art and future promising applications in medicine, catalysis, energy-related applications, and sensors. Finally, the bottom-up approach of reticular nanoscience, inspired by nature, is brought to its full extension by introducing the concept of augmented reticular chemistry. Its approach departs from a single-particle scale to reach higher mesoscopic and even macroscopic dimensions, where framework nanoparticles become building units themselves and the resulting supermaterials approach new levels of sophistication of structures and properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Andreo
- Basque Center for Materials, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Romy Ettlinger
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Orysia Zaremba
- Basque Center for Materials, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Quim Peña
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | | | - Ralph Freund
- Institute of Physics, Chair of Solid State and Materials Chemistry, Augsburg University, Augsburg, 86150, Germany
| | - Stefano Canossa
- Department of Nanochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ploetz
- Department of Chemisrty and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Wei Zhu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Christian S Diercks
- The Scripps Research Institute, SR202, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- Basque Center for Materials, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bernhard LM, McLachlan J, Gröger H. Process Development of Enantioselective Imine Reductase-Catalyzed Syntheses of Pharmaceutically Relevant Pyrrolidines. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Bernhard
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jill McLachlan
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Matsui D, Muraki N, Chen K, Mori T, Ingram AA, Oike K, Gröger H, Aono S, Asano Y. Crystal structural analysis of aldoxime dehydratase from Bacillus sp. OxB-1: Importance of surface residues in optimization for crystallization. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 230:111770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
18
|
Schober L, Tonin F, Hanefeld U, Gröger H. Combination of Asymmetric Organo‐ and Biocatalysis in Flow Processes and Comparison with their Analogous Batch Syntheses. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schober
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld Faculty of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Fabio Tonin
- TU Delft: Technische Universiteit Delft Research Section Biocatalysis NETHERLANDS
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- TU Delft: Technische Universiteit Delft Research Section Biocatalysis NETHERLANDS
| | - Harald Gröger
- Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Organische Chemie I Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nonnhoff J, Gröger H. Process Development of the Copper(II)-Catalyzed Dehydration of a Chiral Aldoxime and Rational Selection of the Co-Substrate. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202100230. [PMID: 34889532 PMCID: PMC8734112 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The access towards chiral nitriles remains crucial in the synthesis of several pharmaceuticals. One approach is based on metal-catalyzed dehydration of chiral aldoximes, which are generated from chiral pool-derived aldehydes as substrates, and the use of a cheap and readily available nitrile as co-substrate and water acceptor. Dehydration of N-acyl α-amino aldoximes such as N-Boc-l-prolinal oxime catalyzed by copper(II) acetate provides access to the corresponding N-acyl α-amino nitriles, which are substructures of the pharmaceuticals Vildagliptin and Saxagliptin. In this work, a detailed investigation of the formation of the amide as a by-product at higher substrate loadings is performed. The amide formation depends on the electronic properties of the nitrile co-substrate. We could identify an acceptor nitrile which completely suppressed amide formation at high substrate loadings of 0.5 m even when being used with only 2 equivalents. In detail, utilization of trichloroacetonitrile as such an acceptor nitrile enabled the synthesis of N-Boc-cyanopyrrolidine in a high yield of 92 % and with full retention of the absolute configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Nonnhoff
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Plass C, Adebar N, Hiessl R, Kleber J, Grimm A, Langsch A, Otter R, Liese A, Gröger H. Structure‐Performance Guided Design of Sustainable Plasticizers from Biorenewable Feedstocks. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Plass
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Robert Hiessl
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Joscha Kleber
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Axel Grimm
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | - Angelika Langsch
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | - Rainer Otter
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Plass C, Adebar N, Hiessl R, Kleber J, Grimm A, Langsch A, Otter R, Liese A, Gröger H. Front Cover: Structure‐Performance Guided Design of Sustainable Plasticizers from Biorenewable Feedstocks (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 45/2021). European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Plass
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Robert Hiessl
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Joscha Kleber
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Axel Grimm
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | - Angelika Langsch
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | - Rainer Otter
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis Hamburg University of Technology Denickestr. 15 21073 Hamburg Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gröger H, Nonnhoff J. Process Development of a Copper(II)-Catalyzed Dehydration of an N-Acyl Prolinal Oxime: Cascade Process and Application at an Elevated Lab Scale. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1549-0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChiral N-acyl amino nitriles are important structural motifs in several pharmaceuticals such as Vildagliptin or Saxagliptin. Cyanide-free access to such nitriles is provided by a copper-catalyzed dehydration of oximes, which are readily available by condensation of chiral aldehydes resulting from the chiral pool with hydroxylamine. The application in a cascade process without the need for intermediate purification as well as a demonstrated scalability show the robustness of this methodology.
Collapse
|
23
|
Yavuzer H, Asano Y, Gröger H. Rationalizing the Unprecedented Stereochemistry of an Enzymatic Nitrile Synthesis through a Combined Computational and Experimental Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19162-19168. [PMID: 33886145 PMCID: PMC8456930 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, the unique and unprecedented stereochemical phenomenon of an aldoxime dehydratase‐catalyzed enantioselective dehydration of racemic E‐ and Z‐aldoximes with selective formation of both enantiomeric forms of a chiral nitrile is rationalized by means of molecular modelling, comprising in silico mutations and docking studies. This theoretical investigation gave detailed insight into why with the same enzyme the use of racemic E‐ and Z‐aldoximes leads to opposite forms of the chiral nitrile. The calculated mutants with a larger or smaller cavity in the active site were then prepared and used in biotransformations, showing the theoretically predicted decrease and increase of the enantioselectivities in these nitrile syntheses. This validated model also enabled the rational design of mutants with a smaller cavity, which gave superior enantioselectivities compared to the known wild‐type enzyme, with excellent E‐values of up to E>200 when the mutant OxdRE‐Leu145Phe was utilized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilmi Yavuzer
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yavuzer H, Asano Y, Gröger H. Rationalizing the Unprecedented Stereochemistry of an Enzymatic Nitrile Synthesis through a Combined Computational and Experimental Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilmi Yavuzer
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center Toyama Prefectural University 5180 Kurokawa Imizu Toyama 939-0398 Japan
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adebar N, Nastke A, Löwe J, Gröger H. Segmented Flow Processes to Overcome Hurdles of Whole-Cell Biocatalysis in the Presence of Organic Solvents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15863-15869. [PMID: 33713367 PMCID: PMC8362180 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In modern process development, it is imperative to consider biocatalysis, and whole‐cell catalysts often represent a favored form of such catalysts. However, the application of whole‐cell catalysis in typical organic batch two‐phase synthesis often struggles due to mass transfer limitations, emulsion formation, tedious work‐up and, thus, low yields. Herein, we demonstrate that utilizing segmented flow tools enables the conduction of whole‐cell biocatalysis efficiently in biphasic media. Exemplified for three different biotransformations, the power of such segmented flow processes is shown. For example, a 3‐fold increase of conversion from 34 % to >99 % and a dramatic simplified work‐up leading to a 1.5‐fold higher yield from 44 % to 65 % compared to the analogous batch process was achieved in such a flow process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alina Nastke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jana Löwe
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Adebar N, Nastke A, Löwe J, Gröger H. Segmentierte Flow‐Prozesse zur Überwindung von Limitierungen der Ganzzell‐Biokatalyse in Gegenwart von organischen Lösungsmitteln. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Lehrstuhl für Industrielle Organische Chemie und Biotechnologie Fakultät der Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Alina Nastke
- Lehrstuhl für Industrielle Organische Chemie und Biotechnologie Fakultät der Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Jana Löwe
- Lehrstuhl für Industrielle Organische Chemie und Biotechnologie Fakultät der Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Harald Gröger
- Lehrstuhl für Industrielle Organische Chemie und Biotechnologie Fakultät der Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Telzerow A, Paris J, Håkansson M, González‐Sabín J, Ríos‐Lombardía N, Gröger H, Morís F, Schürmann M, Schwab H, Steiner K. Expanding the Toolbox of R-Selective Amine Transaminases by Identification and Characterization of New Members. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1232-1242. [PMID: 33242357 PMCID: PMC8048526 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amine transaminases (ATAs) are used to synthesize enantiomerically pure amines, which are building blocks for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. R-selective ATAs belong to the fold type IV PLP-dependent enzymes, and different sequence-, structure- and substrate scope-based features have been identified in the past decade. However, our knowledge is still restricted due to the limited number of characterized (R)-ATAs, with additional bias towards fungal origin. We aimed to expand the toolbox of (R)-ATAs and contribute to the understanding of this enzyme subfamily. We identified and characterized four new (R)-ATAs. The ATA from Exophiala sideris contains a motif characteristic for d-ATAs, which was previously believed to be a disqualifying factor for (R)-ATA activity. The crystal structure of the ATA from Shinella is the first from a Gram-negative bacterium. The ATAs from Pseudonocardia acaciae and Tetrasphaera japonica are the first characterized (R)-ATAs with a shortened/missing N-terminal helix. The active-site charges vary significantly between the new and known ATAs, correlating with their diverging substrate scope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Telzerow
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
- InnoSyn B.V.Urmonderbaan 226167RDGeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Juraj Paris
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstr. 2533615BielefeldGermany
- EntreChem SLVivero Ciencias de la Salud33011OviedoSpain
| | | | | | | | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstr. 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | | | | | - Helmut Schwab
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| | - Kerstin Steiner
- Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyGraz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 148010GrazAustria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hinzmann A, Betke T, Asano Y, Gröger H. Frontispiece: Synthetic Processes toward Nitriles without the Use of Cyanide: A Biocatalytic Concept Based on Dehydration of Aldoximes in Water. Chemistry 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202181761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa Hinzmann
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Tobias Betke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center Toyama Prefectural University 5180 Kurokawa Imizu Toyama 939-0398 Japan
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hinzmann A, Betke T, Asano Y, Gröger H. Synthetic Processes toward Nitriles without the Use of Cyanide: A Biocatalytic Concept Based on Dehydration of Aldoximes in Water. Chemistry 2021; 27:5313-5321. [PMID: 33112445 PMCID: PMC8049032 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While belonging to the most fundamental functional groups, nitriles represent a class of compound that still raises challenges in terms of an efficient, cost‐effective, general and, at the same time, sustainable way for their synthesis. Complementing existing chemical routes, recently a cyanide‐free enzymatic process technology based on the use of an aldoxime dehydratase (Oxd) as a biocatalyst component has been developed and successfully applied for the synthesis of a range of nitrile products. In these biotransformations, the Oxd enzymes catalyze the dehydration of aldoximes as readily available substrates to the nitrile products. Herein, these developments with such enzymes are summarized, with a strong focus on synthetic applications. It is demonstrated that this biocatalytic technology has the potential to “cross the bridge” between the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, on one hand, and bulk and commodity chemicals, on the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa Hinzmann
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tobias Betke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bago Rodriguez AM, Schober L, Hinzmann A, Gröger H, Binks BP. Effect of Particle Wettability and Particle Concentration on the Enzymatic Dehydration of n-Octanaloxime in Pickering Emulsions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1450-1457. [PMID: 33119950 PMCID: PMC7839585 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pickering emulsion systems have emerged as platforms for the synthesis of organic molecules in biphasic biocatalysis. Herein, the catalytic performance was evaluated for biotransformation using whole cells exemplified for the dehydration of n-octanaloxime to n-octanenitrile catalysed by an aldoxime dehydratase (OxdB) overexpressed in E. coli. This study was carried out in Pickering emulsions stabilised solely with silica particles of different hydrophobicity. We correlate, for the first time, the properties of the emulsions with the conversion of the reaction, thus gaining an insight into the impact of the particle wettability and particle concentration. When comparing two emulsions of different type with similar stability and droplet diameter, the oil-in-water (o/w) system displayed a higher conversion than the water-in-oil (w/o) system, despite the conversion in both cases being higher than that in a "classic" two-phase system. Furthermore, an increase in particle concentration prior to emulsification resulted in an increase of the interfacial area and hence a higher conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas Schober
- Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Alessa Hinzmann
- Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
By combining continuous flow processing and biocatalysis, efficient, stable and cost-effective processes can be realised. In this review, an overview about different concepts for continuous flow processes based on the use of whole-cells as catalysts is given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Alina Nastke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bielefeld University
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bago Rodriguez AM, Schober L, Hinzmann A, Gröger H, Binks BP. Effect of Particle Wettability and Particle Concentration on the Enzymatic Dehydration of
n
‐Octanaloxime in Pickering Emulsions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas Schober
- Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Alessa Hinzmann
- Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Deng Q, Tran NN, Razi Asrami M, Schober L, Gröger H, Hessel V. Ionic Liquid/Water Continuous-Flow System with Compartmentalized Spaces for Automatic Product Purification of Biotransformation with Enzyme Recycling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Nam Nghiep Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, Can Tho University, Can Tho 910000, Vietnam
| | - Mahdieh Razi Asrami
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Lukas Schober
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Volker Hessel
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Oike K, Gröger H. Process properties of an l-amino acid oxidase from Hebeloma cylindrosporum for the synthesis of phenylpyruvic acid from l-phenylalanine. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:203-207. [PMID: 32653636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The biocatalytic oxidation of amino acids represents an attractive approach towards the synthesis of α-keto acids, which are interest for various industrial applications. As l-amino acids are readily available from fermentation processes, these natural amino acids can serve as substrates in combination with an l-amino acid oxidase. Besides an aqueous phase as reaction medium, a further advantage of such a process is the utilization of air as oxidation agent. In this study, we studied the organic-synthetic properties of a literature-known recombinant l-amino acid oxidase from the fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum with respect to its suitability to catalyze the formation of α-keto acids exemplified for the synthesis of phenylpyruvic acid starting from l-phenylalanine as a substrate. In our study the enzyme displayed a reasonable operational stability in the reaction system and as well as promising applicability data with respect to substrate and product inhibition. In a biotransformation, 20 mM of substrate were converted after 4 h reaction. The formation of undesired by-products was suppressed using a commercially available catalase enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Oike
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Adebar N, Gröger H. Front Cover: Heterogeneous Catalysts “on the Move”: Flow Chemistry with Fluid Immobilised (Bio)Catalysts (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 38/2020). European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Schober L, Sako M, Takizawa S, Gröger H, Sasai H. Catalytic and enantioselective oxa-Piancatelli reaction using a chiral vanadium complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10151-10154. [PMID: 32735309 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02621b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective oxa-Piancatelli reaction was established for the first time using a chiral vanadium(v) catalyst. The dual Brønsted and Lewis acid properties of the vanadium catalyst afforded 4-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone derivatives in up to 90% yields and with 93 : 7 enantiomeric ratios, as well as >20 : 1 diastereomeric ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schober
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sproß J, Yamashita Y, Gröger H. Learning about Enzyme Stability against Organic Cosolvents from Structural Insights by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Chembiochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Sproß
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Yasunobu Yamashita
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sproß J, Yamashita Y, Gröger H. Learning about Enzyme Stability against Organic Cosolvents from Structural Insights by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1968-1971. [PMID: 31994801 PMCID: PMC7496688 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) enables the investigation of protein folding in solution. Herein, a proof-of-concept for obtaining structural information about the folding of a protein in dependency of the amount of an organic cosolvent in the aqueous medium by means of this IMS-MS method is presented. By analyzing the protein with native nano-electrospray ionization IMS-MS, the impact of acetonitrile as a representative organic cosolvent and/or pH values on the folding of an enzyme was successfully evaluated in a fast and straightforward fashion, as exemplified for an ene reductase from Gluconobacter oxydans. The IMS-MS results are in agreement with findings from the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-based spectrophotometric enzyme activity tests under analogous conditions, and thus, also rationalizing these "wet" analytical data. For this ene reductase, a higher tolerance against CH3 CN in the presence of a buffer was observed by both analytical methods. The results suggest that this IMS-MS methodology could be a useful complementary tool to existing methods in process optimization and fine-tuning of solvent conditions for biotransformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Sproß
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yasunobu Yamashita
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Löwe J, Dietz K, Gröger H. From a Biosynthetic Pathway toward a Biocatalytic Process and Chemocatalytic Modifications: Three-Step Enzymatic Cascade to the Plant Metabolite cis-(+)-12-OPDA and Metathesis-Derived Products. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2020; 7:1902973. [PMID: 32670743 PMCID: PMC7341106 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A biotechnological approach toward the plant metabolite and regulator cis-(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid (cis-(+)-12-OPDA) in a one-pot process with >99% conversion, at least 90% selectivity and ≤10% of side products as well as a high diastereoselectivity (leading to d.r. of at least 90:10) is reported. The optimized organic-synthetic enzyme cascade for preparing this bioactive and commercial molecule with pharmaceutical relevance on a gram per L scale is designed based on its biosynthetic pathway starting from cheap and readily accessible linolenic acid. Toward this end, a recombinant biocatalyst system has been prepared for carrying out the most critical two key steps in a tailored manner, thus avoiding sensitive intermediate decomposition. Furthermore, cis-(+)-12-OPDA is successfully modified via a cross-alkene metathesis reaction with conversions of up to >99%, leading to a compound library of new cis-(+)-12-OPDA derivatives with different substitution pattern of the side chain at the 2-position. By means of such a combined biotechnological and chemocatalytic route, a straightforward approach to a structurally unique oxylipin library is realized, which would be highly difficult or not accessible by pure chemical and biotechnological methods, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Löwe
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstr. 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Karl‐Josef Dietz
- Chair of Plant Biochemistry and PhysiologyFaculty of BiologyBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstr. 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and BiotechnologyFaculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstr. 2533615BielefeldGermany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hiessl R, Hennecke L, Plass C, Kleber J, Wahlefeld S, Otter R, Gröger H, Liese A. FTIR based kinetic characterisation of an acid-catalysed esterification of 3-methylphthalic anhydride and 2-ethylhexanol. Anal Methods 2020; 12:3137-3144. [PMID: 32930174 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00686f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an inline analytical method was designed and applied in process characterisation and development. The model reaction is the two-step diesterification of 3-methylphthalic anhydride with 2-ethylhexanol consisting of alcoholysis as the first step, followed by an acid-catalysed, second esterification step leading to the corresponding diester. The final product is a potential, alternative plasticiser. For the inline measurements, attenuated total reflection Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was implemented. In order to evaluate the spectra recorded during the reaction, a chemometric model was established. In this work, Indirect Hard Modeling (IHM), a non-linear modeling approach was employed. The respective model was calibrated by using offline samples analysed with gas (GC) and liquid chromatography (HPLC). After successful validation of the chemometric model, the inline measurements were utilized for reaction characterisation. The acid-catalysed, second esterification step was identified as the limiting reaction step. From batch reactions conducted at different temperatures, the energy of activation of this step was determined to be 79.5 kJ mol-1. Additionally, kinetics were shown to follow a pseudo-first order with respect to the monoester formation and a kinetic model was established. The model was validated in simulations with changed reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hiessl
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Leon Hennecke
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carmen Plass
- Bielefeld University, Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Joscha Kleber
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Wahlefeld
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Harald Gröger
- Bielefeld University, Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Epping MS, Wedde S, Grundmann A, Radukic M, Gröger H, Hummel A, Viefhues M. Dielectrophoretic analysis of the impact of isopropyl alcohol on the electric polarisability of Escherichia coli whole-cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3925-3933. [PMID: 32157360 PMCID: PMC7235074 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Whole-cell biocatalysts are versatile tools in (industrial) production processes; though, the effects that impact the efficiency are not fully understood yet. One main factor that affects whole-cell biocatalysts is the surrounding medium, which often consists of organic solvents due to low solubility of substrates in aqueous solutions. It is expected that organic solvents change the biophysical and biochemical properties of the whole-cell biocatalysts, e.g. by permeabilising the cell membrane, and thus analysis of these effects is of high importance. In this work, we present an analysis method to study the impact of organic solvents on whole-cell biocatalysts by means of dielectrophoresis. For instance, we evaluate the changes of the characteristic dielectrophoretic trapping ratio induced by incubation of Escherichia coli, serving as a model system, in an aqueous medium containing isopropyl alcohol. Therefore, we could evaluate the impact on the electric polarisability of the cells. For this purpose, a special microchannel device was designed and Escherichia coli cells were genetically modified to reliably synthesise a green fluorescent protein. We could demonstrate that our method was capable of revealing different responses to small changes in isopropyl alcohol concentration and incubation duration. Complementary spectrophotometric UV-Vis (ultraviolet-visible light) absorbance analysis of released NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H cofactor and proteins confirmed our results. Based on our results, we discuss the biophysical effects taking place during incubation. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam S Epping
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Severin Wedde
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Fermentation Engineering, Department of Technology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Armin Grundmann
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marco Radukic
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Technology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anke Hummel
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martina Viefhues
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
The development of enantioselective syntheses of nitriles gained increasing interest due to, e.g., an increasing demand for chiral nitriles for drug synthesis. Complementing existing routes, recently catalytic processes enabling an enantioselective formation of the chiral nitrile moiety without the need to utilize cyanide were accomplished. It is noteworthy that these processes are complementary to each other as they are based on different types of substrates, catalytic methods (utilizing chemo- and biocatalysts), and stereochemical reaction concepts (asymmetric synthesis versus resolution).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.,Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hinzmann A, Stricker M, Busch J, Glinski S, Oike K, Gröger H. Selective TEMPO‐Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes in Alternative Organic Solvents. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa Hinzmann
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Michael Stricker
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Jasmin Busch
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Sylvia Glinski
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Keiko Oike
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Higashio K, Katsuragi S, Kundu D, Adebar N, Plass C, Kühn F, Gröger H, Akai S. Continuous‐Flow Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Alcohols by Lipase–Oxovanadium Cocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Higashio
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1‐6, Yamadaoka, Suita 565‐0871 Osaka Japan
| | - Satoko Katsuragi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1‐6, Yamadaoka, Suita 565‐0871 Osaka Japan
| | - Dhiman Kundu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1‐6, Yamadaoka, Suita 565‐0871 Osaka Japan
| | - Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Carmen Plass
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Franziska Kühn
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University 1‐6, Yamadaoka, Suita 565‐0871 Osaka Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
In spite of the tremendous success of dynamic kinetic resolutions for a broad range of compound classes, tertiary alcohols and their corresponding esters have still remained as one of the most challenging substrates for this type of process. This is due to the size and steric hindrance of tertiary alcohols as well as to the difficulty in finding reaction conditions for the racemization of such compounds being at the same time compatible with the resolution reaction, which preferably is carried out with an enzyme. In this study, the first example of a dynamic kinetic resolution of a racemic tertiary alcohol is presented. The desired synthesis of the resulting enantiomerically pure ester was achieved by combining a lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution with an in situ racemization utilizing a bio-compatible oxovanadium-catalyst. First, the two individual reactions were examined, improved and adjusted to be compatible with each other. Subsequently, addition of both catalysts in tailor-made portions led to the desired combined process and delivered the product with >99% ee and a conversion exceeding 50%, thus proving such a desired dynamic kinetic resolution of a tertiary alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kühn
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Schlipköter KE, Betke T, Kleber J, Gröger H, Liese A. Fatty alcohol synthesis from fatty acids at mild temperature by subsequent enzymatic esterification and metal-catalyzed hydrogenation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7862-7867. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01561j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvent-free and full atomic economic fatty alcohol synthesis in a two-step bio- and chemocatalytic reaction sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim E. Schlipköter
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis
- Hamburg University of Technology
- 21073 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Tobias Betke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Department Chemistry
- University of Bielefeld
- 33501 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Joscha Kleber
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis
- Hamburg University of Technology
- 21073 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Department Chemistry
- University of Bielefeld
- 33501 Bielefeld
- Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis
- Hamburg University of Technology
- 21073 Hamburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hinzmann A, Gröger H. Selective Hydrogenation of Fatty Nitriles to Primary Fatty Amines: Catalyst Evaluation and Optimization Starting from Octanenitrile. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa Hinzmann
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Adebar N, Gröger H. Flow Process for Ketone Reduction Using a Superabsorber-Immobilized Alcohol Dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus brevis in a Packed-Bed Reactor. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:bioengineering6040099. [PMID: 31653007 PMCID: PMC6956264 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Flow processes and enzyme immobilization have gained much attention over the past few years in the field of biocatalytic process design. Downstream processes and enzyme stability can be immensely simplified and improved. In this work, we report the utilization of polymer network-entrapped enzymes and their applicability in flow processes. We focused on the superabsorber-based immobilization of an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) from Lactobacillus brevis and its application for a reduction of acetophenone. The applicability of this immobilization technique for a biotransformation running in a packed bed reactor was then demonstrated. Towards this end, the immobilized system was intensively studied, first in a batch mode, leading to >90% conversion within 24 h under optimized conditions. A subsequent transfer of this method into a flow process was conducted, resulting in very high initial conversions of up to 67% in such a continuously running process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hinzmann A, Adebar N, Betke T, Leppin M, Gröger H. Biotransformations in Pure Organic Medium: Organic Solvent‐Labile Enzymes in the Batch and Flow Synthesis of Nitriles. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa Hinzmann
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Niklas Adebar
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Tobias Betke
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Monja Leppin
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| |
Collapse
|