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Liu Y, Wang Y, Ren H, Meng Z, Chen X, Li Z, Wang L, Chen W, Wang Y, Du J. Ultrastiff metamaterials generated through a multilayer strategy and topology optimization. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2984. [PMID: 38582903 PMCID: PMC10998847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Metamaterials composed of different geometrical primitives have different properties. Corresponding to the fundamental geometrical forms of line, plane, and surface, beam-, plate-, and shell-based lattice metamaterials enjoy many advantages in many aspects, respectively. To fully exploit the advantages of each structural archetype, we propose a multilayer strategy and topology optimization technique to design lattice metamaterial in this study. Under the frame of the multilayer strategy, the design space is enlarged and diversified, and the design freedom is increased. Topology optimization is applied to explore better designs in the larger and diverse design space. Beam-plate-shell-combined metamaterials automatically emerge from the optimization to achieve ultrahigh stiffness. Benefiting from high stiffness, energy absorption performances of optimized results also demonstrate substantial improvements under large geometrical deformation. The multilayer strategy and topology optimization can also bring a series of tunable dimensions for lattice design, which helps achieve desired mechanical properties, such as isotropic elasticity and functionally grading material property, and superior performances in acoustic tuning, electrostatic shielding, and fluid field tuning. We envision that a broad array of synthetic and composite metamaterials with unprecedented performance can be designed with the multilayer strategy and topology optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yongzhen Wang
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Ren
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueqian Chen
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zuyu Li
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, China.
- School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianbin Du
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China.
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Blankenship B, Meier T, Zhao N, Mavrikos S, Arvin S, De La Torre N, Hsu B, Seymour N, Grigoropoulos CP. Three-Dimensional Optical Imaging of Internal Deformations in Polymeric Microscale Mechanical Metamaterials. Nano Lett 2024; 24:2735-2742. [PMID: 38277644 PMCID: PMC10921468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in two-photon polymerization fabrication processes are paving the way to creating macroscopic metamaterials with microscale architectures, which exhibit mechanical properties superior to their bulk material counterparts. These metamaterials typically feature lightweight, complex patterns such as lattice or minimal surface structures. Conventional tools for investigating these microscale structures, such as scanning electron microscopy, cannot easily probe the internal features of these structures, which are critical for a comprehensive assessment of their mechanical behavior. In turn, we demonstrate an optical confocal microscopy-based approach that allows for high-resolution optical imaging of internal deformations and fracture processes in microscale metamaterials under mechanical load. We validate this technique by investigating an exemplary metamaterial lattice structure of 80 × 80 × 80 μm3 in size. This technique can be extended to other metamaterial systems and holds significant promise to enhance our understanding of their real-world performance under loading conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian
W. Blankenship
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Timon Meier
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Naichen Zhao
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefanos Mavrikos
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sophia Arvin
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Natalia De La Torre
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brian Hsu
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nathan Seymour
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Costas P. Grigoropoulos
- Laser
Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Solyaev YO, Ustenko AD, Babaytsev AV, Dobryanskiy VN. Improved mechanical performance of quasi-cubic lattice metamaterials with asymmetric joints. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14846. [PMID: 37684275 PMCID: PMC10491757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simple method for the modification of the unit cells in the lattice metamaterials that provides an improvement of their impact strength. The idea is based on the introduction of small mutual offsets of the interconnected struts inside the unit cells. In such way, the joints between the struts become asymmetric and the overall geometry of the unit cells can be defined as the quasi-cubic with the axis of chirality. Considering four types of cubic lattices with BCC, BCT, FCC and octahedron structures, we modified their geometry and investigated the influence of the offsets and the unit cell size on the overall performance in static and dynamic tests. From the experiments we found that the small offsets (less than the strut diameter) can allow to increase the impact strength of 3d-printed polymeric specimens in 1.5-3 times remaining almost the same density and static mechanical properties. Based on the numerical simulations, we show that the explanation of the observed phenomena can be related to the increase of plastic deformations and damage accumulation in the unit-cells with asymmetric joints leading to the transition from the quasi-brittle to the ductile type of fracture in tested specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury O Solyaev
- Institute of Applied Mechanics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leningradsky ave., 4, Moscow, Russia, 125090.
- Moscow Aviation Institute, Volokolamskoe ave., Moscow, Russia, 125993.
| | - Anastasia D Ustenko
- Institute of Applied Mechanics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leningradsky ave., 4, Moscow, Russia, 125090
- Moscow Aviation Institute, Volokolamskoe ave., Moscow, Russia, 125993
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Wei X, Nong J, Zhang Y, Ma H, Huang R, Yuan Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Yang J. Sb 2S 3-Based Dynamically Tuned Color Filter Array via Genetic Algorithm. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13091452. [PMID: 37176996 PMCID: PMC10180207 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Color displays have become increasingly attractive, with dielectric optical nanoantennas demonstrating especially promising applications due to the high refractive index of the material, enabling devices to support geometry-dependent Mie resonance in the visible band. Although many structural color designs based on dielectric nanoantennas employ the method of artificial positive adjustment, the design cycle is too lengthy and the approach is non-intelligent. The commonly used phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) is characterized by high absorption and a small contrast to the real part of the refractive index in the visible light band, thereby restricting its application in this range. The Sb2S3 phase change material is endowed with a wide band gap of 1.7 to 2 eV, demonstrating two orders of magnitude lower propagation loss compared to GST, when integrated onto a silicon waveguide, and exhibiting a maximum refractive index contrast close to 1 at 614 nm. Thus, Sb2S3 is a more suitable phase change material than GST for tuning visible light. In this paper, genetic algorithms and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solutions are combined and introduced as Sb2S3 phase change material to design nanoantennas. Structural color is generated in the reflection mode through the Mie resonance inside the structure, and the properties of Sb2S3 in different phase states are utilized to achieve tunability. Compared to traditional methods, genetic algorithms are superior-optimization algorithms that require low computational effort and a high population performance. Furthermore, Sb2S3 material can be laser-induced to switch the transitions of the crystallized and amorphous states, achieving reversible color. The large chromatic aberration ∆E modulation of 64.8, 28.1, and 44.1 was, respectively, achieved by the Sb2S3 phase transition in this paper. Moreover, based on the sensitivity of the structure to the incident angle, it can also be used in fields such as angle-sensitive detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jie Nong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hansi Ma
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Rixing Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenkun Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenfu Zhang
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Zhenrong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Junbo Yang
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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