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Fellner A, Wali GM, Mahant N, Grosz BR, Ellis M, Narayanan RK, Ng K, Davis RL, Tchan MC, Kotschet K, Yeow D, Rudaks LI, Siow SF, Wali G, Yiannikas C, Hobbs M, Copty J, Geaghan M, Darveniza P, Liang C, Williams LJ, Chang FCF, Morales-Briceño H, Tisch S, Hayes M, Whyte S, Kummerfeld S, Kennerson ML, Cowley MJ, Fung VSC, Sue CM, Kumar KR. Genome sequencing reanalysis increases the diagnostic yield in dystonia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 124:107010. [PMID: 38772265 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the contribution of genomic data reanalysis to the diagnostic yield of dystonia patients who remained undiagnosed after prior genome sequencing. METHODS Probands with heterogeneous dystonia phenotypes who underwent initial genome sequencing (GS) analysis in 2019 were included in the reanalysis, which was performed through gene-specific discovery collaborations and systematic genomic data reanalysis. RESULTS Initial GS analysis in 2019 (n = 111) identified a molecular diagnosis in 11.7 % (13/111) of cases. Reanalysis between 2020 and 2023 increased the diagnostic yield by 7.2 % (8/111); 3.6 % (4/111) through focused gene-specific clinical correlation collaborative efforts [VPS16 (two probands), AOPEP and POLG], and 3.6 % (4/111) by systematic reanalysis completed in 2023 [NUS1 (two probands) and DDX3X variants, and a microdeletion encompassing VPS16]. Seven of these patients had a high phenotype-based dystonia score ≥3. Notable unverified findings in four additional cases included suspicious variants of uncertain significance in FBXL4 and EIF2AK2, and potential phenotypic expansion associated with SLC2A1 and TREX1 variants. CONCLUSION GS data reanalysis increased the diagnostic yield from 11.7 % to 18.9 %, with potential extension up to 22.5 %. While optimal timing for diagnostic reanalysis remains to be determined, this study demonstrates that periodic re-interrogation of dystonia GS datasets can provide additional genetic diagnoses, which may have significant implications for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Fellner
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; The Neurogenetics Clinic, Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.
| | | | - Neil Mahant
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Bianca R Grosz
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute SLHD, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Melina Ellis
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute SLHD, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Ramesh K Narayanan
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute SLHD, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Karl Ng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan L Davis
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Michel C Tchan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Katya Kotschet
- Clinical Neurosciences, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dennis Yeow
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura I Rudaks
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Sue-Faye Siow
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Gautam Wali
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Con Yiannikas
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew Hobbs
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Joseph Copty
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Geaghan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Darveniza
- Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Christina Liang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura J Williams
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Florence C F Chang
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugo Morales-Briceño
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Tisch
- Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Hayes
- Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott Whyte
- Department of Neurology, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, Australia
| | - Sarah Kummerfeld
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Marina L Kennerson
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute SLHD, Concord, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victor S C Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Atasu B, Simón-Sánchez J, Hanagasi H, Bilgic B, Hauser AK, Guven G, Heutink P, Gasser T, Lohmann E. Dissecting genetic architecture of rare dystonia: genetic, molecular and clinical insights. J Med Genet 2024; 61:443-451. [PMID: 38458754 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-109099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dystonia is one of the most common movement disorders. To date, the genetic causes of dystonia in populations of European descent have been extensively studied. However, other populations, particularly those from the Middle East, have not been adequately studied. The purpose of this study is to discover the genetic basis of dystonia in a clinically and genetically well-characterised dystonia cohort from Turkey, which harbours poorly studied populations. METHODS Exome sequencing analysis was performed in 42 Turkish dystonia families. Using co-expression network (CEN) analysis, identified candidate genes were interrogated for the networks including known dystonia-associated genes and genes further associated with the protein-protein interaction, animal model-based characteristics and clinical findings. RESULTS We identified potentially disease-causing variants in the established dystonia genes (PRKRA, SGCE, KMT2B, SLC2A1, GCH1, THAP1, HPCA, TSPOAP1, AOPEP; n=11 families (26%)), in the uncommon forms of dystonia-associated genes (PCCB, CACNA1A, ALDH5A1, PRKN; n=4 families (10%)) and in the candidate genes prioritised based on the pathogenicity of the variants and CEN-based analyses (n=11 families (21%)). The diagnostic yield was found to be 36%. Several pathways and gene ontologies implicated in immune system, transcription, metabolic pathways, endosomal-lysosomal and neurodevelopmental mechanisms were over-represented in our CEN analysis. CONCLUSIONS Here, using a structured approach, we have characterised a clinically and genetically well-defined dystonia cohort from Turkey, where dystonia has not been widely studied, and provided an uncovered genetic basis, which will facilitate diagnostic dystonia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Atasu
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Hertie Institut für klinische Hirnforschung Allgemeine Neurologie, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Javier Simón-Sánchez
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Hertie Institut für klinische Hirnforschung Allgemeine Neurologie, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basar Bilgic
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ann-Kathrin Hauser
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Hertie Institut für klinische Hirnforschung Allgemeine Neurologie, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Gamze Guven
- Genetics Department, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Thomas Gasser
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Hertie Institut für klinische Hirnforschung Allgemeine Neurologie, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ebba Lohmann
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Hertie Institut für klinische Hirnforschung Allgemeine Neurologie, Tubingen, Germany
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Shambetova C, Klein C. Genetic testing for non-parkinsonian movement disorders: Navigating the diagnostic maze. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 121:106033. [PMID: 38429185 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Genetic testing has become a valuable diagnostic tool for movement disorders due to substantial advancements in understanding their genetic basis. However, the heterogeneity of movement disorders poses a significant challenge, with many genes implicated in different subtypes. This paper aims to provide a neurologist's perspective on approaching patients with hereditary hyperkinetic disorders with a focus on select forms of dystonia, paroxysmal dyskinesia, chorea, and ataxia. Age at onset, initial symptoms, and their severity, as well as the presence of any concurrent neurological and non-neurological features, contribute to the individual clinical profiles of hereditary non-parkinsonian movement disorders, aiding in the selection of appropriate genetic testing strategies. There are also more specific diagnostic clues that may facilitate the decision-making process and may be highly specific for certain conditions, such as diurnal fluctuations and l-dopa response in dopa-responsive dystonia, and triggering factors, duration and frequency of attacks in paroxysmal dyskinesia. While the genetic and mutational spectrum across non-parkinsonian movement disorders is broad, certain groups of diseases tend to be associated with specific types of pathogenic variants, such as repeat expansions in many of the ataxias. Some of these pathogenic variants cannot be detected by standard methods, such as panel or exome sequencing, but require the investigation of intronic regions for repeat expansions, such as Friedreich's or FGF14-linked ataxia. With our advancing knowledge of the genetic underpinnings of movement disorders, the incorporation of precise and personalized diagnostic strategies can enhance patient care, prognosis, and the application and development of targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cholpon Shambetova
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Center for Continuing and Distance Learning, I. K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Koptielow J, Szyłak E, Szewczyk-Roszczenko O, Roszczenko P, Kochanowicz J, Kułakowska A, Chorąży M. Genetic Update and Treatment for Dystonia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3571. [PMID: 38612382 PMCID: PMC11011602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A neurological condition called dystonia results in abnormal, uncontrollable postures or movements because of sporadic or continuous muscular spasms. Several varieties of dystonia can impact people of all ages, leading to severe impairment and a decreased standard of living. The discovery of genes causing variations of single or mixed dystonia has improved our understanding of the disease's etiology. Genetic dystonias are linked to several genes, including pathogenic variations of VPS16, TOR1A, THAP1, GNAL, and ANO3. Diagnosis of dystonia is primarily based on clinical symptoms, which can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other neurological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the genetic origins and management of focal dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Koptielow
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (E.S.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Emilia Szyłak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (E.S.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Olga Szewczyk-Roszczenko
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (O.S.-R.); (P.R.)
| | - Piotr Roszczenko
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (O.S.-R.); (P.R.)
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (E.S.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Alina Kułakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (E.S.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Monika Chorąży
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (E.S.); (J.K.); (A.K.); (M.C.)
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Hoffman HK, Prekeris R. HOPS-dependent lysosomal fusion controls Rab19 availability for ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261047. [PMID: 37665101 PMCID: PMC10499034 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are sensory cellular organelles crucial for organ development and homeostasis. Ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells requires Rab19-mediated clearing of apical cortical actin to allow the cilium to grow from the apically docked basal body into the extracellular space. Loss of the lysosomal membrane-tethering homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) complex disrupts this actin clearing and ciliogenesis, but it remains unclear how the ciliary function of HOPS relates to its canonical function in regulating late endosome-lysosome fusion. Here, we show that disruption of HOPS-dependent lysosomal fusion indirectly impairs actin clearing and ciliogenesis by disrupting the targeting of Rab19 to the basal body, and that this effect is specific to polarized epithelial cells. We also find that Rab19 functions in endolysosomal cargo trafficking in addition to having its previously identified role in ciliogenesis. In summary, we show that inhibition of lysosomal fusion leads to the abnormal accumulation of Rab19 on late endosomes, thus depleting Rab19 from the basal body and thereby disrupting Rab19-mediated actin clearing and ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huxley K. Hoffman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Dhar D, Holla VV, Kumari R, Yadav R, Kamble N, Muthusamy B, Pal PK. Clinical and genetic profile of patients with dystonia: An experience from a tertiary neurology center from India. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 120:105986. [PMID: 38219528 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetics of dystonia have varied across different ethnicities worldwide. Its significance has become more apparent with the advent of deep brain stimulation. OBJECTIVE To study the clinico-genetic profile of patients with probable genetic dystonia using whole exome sequencing (WES). METHODS A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to September 2022, enrolling patients with dystonia of presumed genetic etiology for WES. The study compared genetically-determined cases harboring pathogenic/likely-pathogenic variants (P/LP subgroup) with the presumed idiopathic or unsolved cases. RESULTS We recruited 65 patients (males, 69.2%) whose mean age of onset (AAO) and assessment were 25.0 ± 16.6 and 31.7 ± 15.2 years, respectively. Fifteen had pathogenic/likely-pathogenic variants (yield = 23.1%), 16 (24.6%) had variants of uncertain significance (VUS), 2 were heterozygous carriers while the remaining 32 cases tested negative (presumed idiopathic group). The P/LP subgroup had a significantly younger AAO (16.8 ± 12.3 vs 31.3 ± 17.0 years, p = 0.009), longer duration of illness (10.9 ± 10.3 vs 4.8 ± 4.3 years, p = 0.006), higher prevalence of generalized dystonia (n = 12, 80.0% vs n = 10, 31.3%, p = 0.004), lower-limb onset (n = 5, 33.3% vs n = 1, 3.1%, p = 0.009), higher motor (p = 0.035) and disability scores (p = 0.042). The classical DYT genes with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants included 3 cases each of TOR1A, and KMT2B, and single cases each of SGCE, EIF2AK2, and VPS16. Non-DYT pathogenic/likely-pathogenic cases included PINK1, PANK2, CTSF, POLG, MICU1, and TSPOAP1. CONCLUSIONS The yield of WES was 23.1% among cases of probable genetic dystonia. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in TOR1A, KMT2B, and SGCE genes were commoner. The absence of family history emphasizes the importance of accurate assessment of clinical predictors before genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Dhar
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Vikram V Holla
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Riyanka Kumari
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bengaluru 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Nitish Kamble
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Babylakshmi Muthusamy
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bengaluru 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India.
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van der Beek J, de Heus C, Sanza P, Liv N, Klumperman J. Loss of the HOPS complex disrupts early-to-late endosome transition, impairs endosomal recycling and induces accumulation of amphisomes. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar40. [PMID: 38198575 PMCID: PMC10916860 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-08-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The multisubunit HOPS tethering complex is a well-established regulator of lysosome fusion with late endosomes and autophagosomes. However, the role of the HOPS complex in other stages of endo-lysosomal trafficking is not well understood. To address this, we made HeLa cells knocked out for the HOPS-specific subunits Vps39 or Vps41, or the HOPS-CORVET-core subunits Vps18 or Vps11. In all four knockout cells, we found that endocytosed cargos were trapped in enlarged endosomes that clustered in the perinuclear area. By correlative light-electron microscopy, these endosomes showed a complex ultrastructure and hybrid molecular composition, displaying markers for early (Rab5, PtdIns3P, EEA1) as well as late (Rab7, CD63, LAMP1) endosomes. These "HOPS bodies" were not acidified, contained enzymatically inactive cathepsins and accumulated endocytosed cargo and cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). Consequently, CI-MPR was depleted from the TGN, and secretion of lysosomal enzymes to the extracellular space was enhanced. Strikingly, HOPS bodies also contained the autophagy proteins p62 and LC3, defining them as amphisomes. Together, these findings show that depletion of the lysosomal HOPS complex has a profound impact on the functional organization of the entire endosomal system and suggest the existence of a HOPS-independent mechanism for amphisome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan van der Beek
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia de Heus
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Sanza
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nalan Liv
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Desjardins C, Delorme C, Méneret A, Roze E, Gaymard B, Vidailhet M. Keep your eyes peeled for VPS16. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 120:106005. [PMID: 38232514 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Delorme
- AP-HP, Salpetriere Hospital, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Salpetriere, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Méneret
- AP-HP, Salpetriere Hospital, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Salpetriere, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- AP-HP, Salpetriere Hospital, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Salpetriere, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie Vidailhet
- AP-HP, Salpetriere Hospital, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital Salpetriere, DMU Neuroscience 6, Paris, France.
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Thomsen M, Lange LM, Zech M, Lohmann K. Genetics and Pathogenesis of Dystonia. Annu Rev Pathol 2024; 19:99-131. [PMID: 37738511 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051122-110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Dystonia is a clinically and genetically highly heterogeneous neurological disorder characterized by abnormal movements and postures caused by involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions. A number of groundbreaking genetic and molecular insights have recently been gained. While they enable genetic testing and counseling, their translation into new therapies is still limited. However, we are beginning to understand shared pathophysiological pathways and molecular mechanisms. It has become clear that dystonia results from a dysfunctional network involving the basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, and cortex. On the molecular level, more than a handful of, often intertwined, pathways have been linked to pathogenic variants in dystonia genes, including gene transcription during neurodevelopment (e.g., KMT2B, THAP1), calcium homeostasis (e.g., ANO3, HPCA), striatal dopamine signaling (e.g., GNAL), endoplasmic reticulum stress response (e.g., EIF2AK2, PRKRA, TOR1A), autophagy (e.g., VPS16), and others. Thus, different forms of dystonia can be molecularly grouped, which may facilitate treatment development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Thomsen
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Lara M Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;
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Monfrini E, Avanzino L, Palermo G, Bonato G, Brescia G, Ceravolo R, Cantarella G, Mandich P, Prokisch H, Storm van's Gravesande K, Straccia G, Elia A, Reale C, Panteghini C, Zorzi G, Eleopra R, Erro R, Carecchio M, Garavaglia B, Zech M, Romito L, Di Fonzo A. Dominant VPS16 Pathogenic Variants: Not Only Isolated Dystonia. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:87-93. [PMID: 38291845 PMCID: PMC10828607 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VPS16 pathogenic variants have been recently associated with inherited dystonia. Most patients affected by dominant VPS16-related disease display early-onset isolated dystonia with prominent oromandibular, bulbar, cervical, and upper limb involvement, followed by slowly progressive generalization. CASES We describe six newly reported dystonic patients carrying VPS16 mutations displaying unusual phenotypic features in addition to dystonia, such as myoclonus, choreoathetosis, pharyngospasm and freezing of gait. Response to bilateral Globus Pallidus Internus Deep Brain Stimulation (GPi-DBS) is reported in three of them, associated with significant improvement of dystonia but only minor effect on other hyperkinetic movements. Moreover, five novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants are described. CONCLUSIONS This case collection expands the genetic and clinical spectrum of VPS16-related disease, prompting movement disorder specialists to suspect mutations of this gene not only in patients with isolated dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Monfrini
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoNeurology UnitMilanItaly
| | - Laura Avanzino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze MotorieUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Giovanni Palermo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Giulia Bonato
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN‐RND), Department of Neuroscience University of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Gloria Brescia
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
- Medical Genetics LaboratoryFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Giovanna Cantarella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
- Department of OtolaryngologyFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Paola Mandich
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal, and Child HealthUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, School of MedicineMunichGermany
| | - Karin Storm van's Gravesande
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Adolescent PsychosomaticsTechnical University MunichMunichGermany
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Children's Hospital FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Giulia Straccia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Antonio Elia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Chiara Reale
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric NeuroscienceFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Roberto Eleopra
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Roberto Erro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana,” Neuroscience SectionUniversity of SalernoSalernoItaly
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Unit of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, School of MedicineMunichGermany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany
| | - Luigi Romito
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Parkinson and Movement Disorders UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo BestaMilanItaly
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoNeurology UnitMilanItaly
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11
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Harrer P, Škorvánek M, Kittke V, Dzinovic I, Borngräber F, Thomsen M, Mandel V, Svorenova T, Ostrozovicova M, Kulcsarova K, Berutti R, Busch H, Ott F, Kopajtich R, Prokisch H, Kumar KR, Mencacci NE, Kurian MA, Di Fonzo A, Boesch S, Kühn AA, Blümlein U, Lohmann K, Haslinger B, Weise D, Jech R, Winkelmann J, Zech M. Dystonia Linked to EIF4A2 Haploinsufficiency: A Disorder of Protein Translation Dysfunction. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1914-1924. [PMID: 37485550 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein synthesis is a tightly controlled process, involving a host of translation-initiation factors and microRNA-associated repressors. Variants in the translational regulator EIF2AK2 were first linked to neurodevelopmental-delay phenotypes, followed by their implication in dystonia. Recently, de novo variants in EIF4A2, encoding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A isoform 2 (eIF4A2), have been described in pediatric cases with developmental delay and intellectual disability. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize the role of EIF4A2 variants in dystonic conditions. METHODS We undertook an unbiased search for likely deleterious variants in mutation-constrained genes among 1100 families studied with dystonia. Independent cohorts were screened for EIF4A2 variants. Western blotting and immunocytochemical studies were performed in patient-derived fibroblasts. RESULTS We report the discovery of a novel heterozygous EIF4A2 frameshift deletion (c.896_897del) in seven patients from two unrelated families. The disease was characterized by adolescence- to adulthood-onset dystonia with tremor. In patient-derived fibroblasts, eIF4A2 production amounted to only 50% of the normal quantity. Reduction of eIF4A2 was associated with abnormally increased levels of IMP1, a target of Ccr4-Not, the complex that interacts with eIF4A2 to mediate microRNA-dependent translational repression. By complementing the analyses with fibroblasts bearing EIF4A2 biallelic mutations, we established a correlation between IMP1 expression alterations and eIF4A2 functional dosage. Moreover, eIF4A2 and Ccr4-Not displayed significantly diminished colocalization in dystonia patient cells. Review of international databases identified EIF4A2 deletion variants (c.470_472del, c.1144_1145del) in another two dystonia-affected pedigrees. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that EIF4A2 haploinsufficiency underlies a previously unrecognized dominant dystonia-tremor syndrome. The data imply that translational deregulation is more broadly linked to both early neurodevelopmental phenotypes and later-onset dystonic conditions. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Harrer
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matej Škorvánek
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Volker Kittke
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ivana Dzinovic
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Friederike Borngräber
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mirja Thomsen
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vanessa Mandel
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tatiana Svorenova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriam Ostrozovicova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Kristina Kulcsarova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fabian Ott
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology and Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Robert Kopajtich
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Translational Neurogenomics Group, Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Neurology Department, Concord Clinical School, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Niccolo E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blümlein
- Department of Pediatrics, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haslinger
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - David Weise
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Fachklinikum Stadtroda, Stadtroda, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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12
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Starr CR, Zhylkibayev A, Mobley JA, Gorbatyuk MS. Proteomic analysis of diabetic retinas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1229089. [PMID: 37693346 PMCID: PMC10486886 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1229089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As a metabolic disease, diabetes often leads to health complications such as heart failure, nephropathy, neurological disorders, and vision loss. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects as many as 100 million people worldwide. The mechanism of DR is complex and known to impact both neural and vascular components in the retina. While recent advances in the field have identified major cellular signaling contributing to DR pathogenesis, little has been reported on the protein post-translational modifications (PTM) - known to define protein localization, function, and activity - in the diabetic retina overall. Protein glycosylation is the enzymatic addition of carbohydrates to proteins, which can influence many protein attributes including folding, stability, function, and subcellular localization. O-linked glycosylation is the addition of sugars to an oxygen atom in amino acids with a free oxygen atom in their side chain (i.e., threonine, serine). To date, more than 100 congenital disorders of glycosylation have been described. However, no studies have identified the retinal O-linked glycoproteome in health or disease. With a critical need to expedite the discovery of PTMomics in diabetic retinas, we identified both global changes in protein levels and the retinal O-glycoproteome of control and diabetic mice. Methods We used liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based proteomics and high throughput screening to identify proteins differentially expressed and proteins differentially O-glycosylated in the retinas of wildtype and diabetic mice. Results Changes in both global expression levels of proteins and proteins differentially glycosylated in the retinas of wild-type and diabetic mice have been identified. We provide evidence that diabetes shifts both global expression levels and O-glycosylation of metabolic and synaptic proteins in the retina. Discussion Here we report changes in the retinal proteome of diabetic mice. We highlight alterations in global proteins involved in metabolic processes, maintaining cellular structure, trafficking, and neuronal processes. We then showed changes in O-linked glycosylation of individual proteins in the diabetic retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Starr
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Assylbek Zhylkibayev
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James A. Mobley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Marina S. Gorbatyuk
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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13
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Gómez-Cebrián N, Gras-Colomer E, Poveda Andrés JL, Pineda-Lucena A, Puchades-Carrasco L. Omics-Based Approaches for the Characterization of Pompe Disease Metabolic Phenotypes. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1159. [PMID: 37759559 PMCID: PMC10525434 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) constitute a large group of rare, multisystemic, inherited disorders of metabolism, characterized by defects in lysosomal enzymes, accessory proteins, membrane transporters or trafficking proteins. Pompe disease (PD) is produced by mutations in the acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) lysosomal enzyme. This enzymatic deficiency leads to the aberrant accumulation of glycogen in the lysosome. The onset of symptoms, including a variety of neurological and multiple-organ pathologies, can range from birth to adulthood, and disease severity can vary between individuals. Although very significant advances related to the development of new treatments, and also to the improvement of newborn screening programs and tools for a more accurate diagnosis and follow-up of patients, have occurred over recent years, there exists an unmet need for further understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of the disease. Also, the reason why currently available treatments lose effectiveness over time in some patients is not completely understood. In this scenario, characterization of the metabolic phenotype is a valuable approach to gain insights into the global impact of lysosomal dysfunction, and its potential correlation with clinical progression and response to therapies. These approaches represent a discovery tool for investigating disease-induced modifications in the complete metabolic profile, including large numbers of metabolites that are simultaneously analyzed, enabling the identification of novel potential biomarkers associated with these conditions. This review aims to highlight the most relevant findings of recently published omics-based studies with a particular focus on describing the clinical potential of the specific metabolic phenotypes associated to different subgroups of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Gómez-Cebrián
- Drug Discovery Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Gras-Colomer
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Manises of Valencia, 46940 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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14
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Vimercati A, Tannorella P, Orlandini E, Calzari L, Moro M, Guzzetti S, Selicorni A, Crippa M, Larizza L, Bonati MT, Russo S. Case report: atypical Silver-Russell syndrome patient with hand dystonia: the valuable support of the consensus statement to the wide syndromic spectrum. Front Genet 2023; 14:1198821. [PMID: 37529781 PMCID: PMC10387531 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1198821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The amount of Insulin Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) controls the rate of embryonal and postnatal growth. The IGF2 and adjacent H19 are the imprinted genes of the telomeric cluster in the 11p15 chromosomal region regulated by differentially methylated regions (DMRs) or imprinting centers (ICs): H19/IGF2:IG-DMR (IC1). Dysregulation due to IC1 Loss-of-Methylation (LoM) or Gain-of-Methyaltion (GoM) causes Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) or Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) disorders associated with growth retardation or overgrowth, respectively. Specific features define each of the two syndromes, but isolated asymmetry is a common cardinal feature, which is considered sufficient for a diagnosis in the BWS spectrum. Here, we report the case of a girl with right body asymmetry, which suggested BWS spectrum. Later, BWS/SRS molecular analysis identified IC1_LoM revealing the discrepant diagnosis of SRS. A clinical re-evaluation identified a relative macrocephaly and previously unidentified growth rate at lower limits of normal at birth, feeding difficulties, and asymmetry. Interestingly, and never previously described in IC1_LoM SRS patients, since the age of 16, she has developed hand-writer's cramps, depression, and bipolar disorder. Trio-WES identified a VPS16 heterozygous variant [NM_022575.4:c.2185C>G:p.Leu729Val] inherited from her healthy mother. VPS16 is involved in the endolysosomal system, and its dysregulation is linked to autosomal dominant dystonia with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. IGF2 involvement in the lysosomal pathway led us to speculate that the neurological phenotype of the proband might be triggered by the concurrent IGF2 deficit and VPS16 alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vimercati
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Tannorella
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Eleonora Orlandini
- Specialty School of Pediatrics, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciano Calzari
- Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mirella Moro
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Guzzetti
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Milena Crippa
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bonati
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Burlo Garofalo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Russo
- Research Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
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Santos M, Massano J, Lopes AM, Brandão AF, Freixo JP, Oliveira J. Aberrant Splicing Caused by a Novel VPS16 Variant Linked to Dystonia Type 30. Neurogenetics 2023; 24:215-218. [PMID: 37226038 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-023-00720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent involuntary muscle contractions, causing abnormal postures and/or repetitive movements. In this report, we identified a novel heterozygous splice-site variant in VPS16 (NM_022575.4:c.240+3G>C) in a patient with cervical and upper limb dystonia without other neurological or extra-neurological features. Analysis of patient's blood mRNA showed disruption of exon 3/intron 3 donor splice-site, leading to exon 3 skipping, which predictably results in a frameshift [p.(Ala48Valfs*14)]. Despite the scarcity of splice-affecting variants described in VPS16-related dystonia, our report contributes with the first fully characterized variant at the mRNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Santos
- UnIGENe, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Massano
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, and Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Manuel Lopes
- CGPP-Center for Predictive and Preventive Genetics, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Brandão
- CGPP-Center for Predictive and Preventive Genetics, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Parente Freixo
- CGPP-Center for Predictive and Preventive Genetics, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- CGPP-Center for Predictive and Preventive Genetics, IBMC-Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Salamon A, Nagy ZF, Pál M, Szabó M, Csősz Á, Szpisjak L, Gárdián G, Zádori D, Széll M, Klivényi P. Genetic Screening of a Hungarian Cohort with Focal Dystonia Identified Several Novel Putative Pathogenic Gene Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10745. [PMID: 37445923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a rare movement disorder which is characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal and often repetitive movements, postures, or both. The two most common forms of adult-onset focal dystonia are cervical dystonia (CD) and benign essential blepharospasm (BSP). A total of 121 patients (CD, 74; BSP, 47) were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 64 years. For the next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach, 30 genes were selected on the basis of a thorough search of the scientific literature. Assessment of 30 CD- and BSP-associated genes from 121 patients revealed a total of 209 different heterozygous variants in 24 genes. Established clinical and genetic validity was determined for nine heterozygous variations (three likely pathogenic and six variants of uncertain significance). Detailed genetic examination is an important part of the work-up for focal dystonia forms. To our knowledge, our investigation is the first such study to be carried out in the Middle-European region.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Salamon
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Flóra Nagy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 4, Somogyi Béla Str., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, 78/b, Üllői Str., H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Margit Pál
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 4, Somogyi Béla Str., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Functional Clinical Genetics Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 4, Somogyi Béla Str., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Szabó
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Csősz
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Szpisjak
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gárdián
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dénes Zádori
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Széll
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, 4, Somogyi Béla Str., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Functional Clinical Genetics Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 4, Somogyi Béla Str., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Klivényi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, 6, Semmelweis Str., H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
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Di Fonzo A, Jinnah HA, Zech M. Dystonia genes and their biological pathways. Int Rev Neurobiol 2023; 169:61-103. [PMID: 37482402 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing has been instrumental in uncovering the spectrum of pathogenic genetic alterations that contribute to the etiology of dystonia. Despite the immense heterogeneity in monogenic causes, studies performed during the past few years have highlighted that many rare deleterious variants associated with dystonic presentations affect genes that have roles in certain conserved pathways in neural physiology. These various gene mutations that appear to converge towards the disruption of interconnected cellular networks were shown to produce a wide range of different dystonic disease phenotypes, including isolated and combined dystonias as well as numerous clinically complex, often neurodevelopmental disorder-related conditions that can manifest with dystonic features in the context of multisystem disturbances. In this chapter, we summarize the manifold dystonia-gene relationships based on their association with a discrete number of unifying pathophysiological mechanisms and molecular cascade abnormalities. The themes on which we focus comprise dopamine signaling, heavy metal accumulation and calcifications in the brain, nuclear envelope function and stress response, gene transcription control, energy homeostasis, lysosomal trafficking, calcium and ion channel-mediated signaling, synaptic transmission beyond dopamine pathways, extra- and intracellular structural organization, and protein synthesis and degradation. Enhancing knowledge about the concept of shared etiological pathways in the pathogenesis of dystonia will motivate clinicians and researchers to find more efficacious treatments that allow to reverse pathologies in patient-specific core molecular networks and connected multipathway loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - H A Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics, and Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Shashi S, Nashi S, Arunachal G, Venkatachalam N, Padmanabha H, Mailankody P, Menon D, Arshad F, Alladi S, Mathuranath P, Mahale RR. DYT30 due to VPS16 Mutation: An Etiology of Childhood-Onset Generalized Dystonia. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2023; 26:286-288. [PMID: 37538408 PMCID: PMC10394456 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_59_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Shashi
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Saraswati Nashi
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gautham Arunachal
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - N Venkatachalam
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Hansashree Padmanabha
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Mailankody
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Menon
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Faheem Arshad
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suvarna Alladi
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pavagada Mathuranath
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohan R. Mahale
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Stephen CD, Dy-Hollins M, Gusmao CMD, Qahtani XA, Sharma N. Dystonias: Clinical Recognition and the Role of Additional Diagnostic Testing. Semin Neurol 2023; 43:17-34. [PMID: 36972613 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Dystonia is the third most common movement disorder, characterized by abnormal, frequently twisting postures related to co-contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles. Diagnosis is challenging. We provide a comprehensive appraisal of the epidemiology and an approach to the phenomenology and classification of dystonia, based on the clinical characteristics and underlying etiology of dystonia syndromes. We discuss the features of common idiopathic and genetic forms of dystonia, diagnostic challenges, and dystonia mimics. Appropriate workup is based on the age of symptom onset, rate of progression, whether dystonia is isolated or combined with another movement disorder or complex neurological and other organ system eatures. Based on these features, we discuss when imaging and genetic should be considered. We discuss the multidisciplinary treatment of dystonia, including rehabilitation and treatment principles according to the etiology, including when pathogenesis-direct treatment is available, oral pharmacological therapy, chemodenervation with botulinum toxin injections, deep brain stimulation and other surgical therapies, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisela Dy-Hollins
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Xena Al Qahtani
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nutan Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Real N, Villar I, Serrano I, Guiu-Aragonés C, Martín-Hernández AM. Mutations in CmVPS41 controlling resistance to cucumber mosaic virus display specific subcellular localization. Plant Physiol 2023; 191:1596-1611. [PMID: 36527697 PMCID: PMC10022621 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in melon (Cucumis melo L.) has been described in several exotic accessions and is controlled by a recessive resistance gene, cmv1, that encodes a vacuolar protein sorting 41 (CmVPS41). cmv1 prevents systemic infection by restricting the virus to the bundle sheath cells, preventing viral phloem entry. CmVPS41 from different resistant accessions carries two causal mutations, either a G85E change, found in Pat-81 and Freeman's cucumber, or L348R, found in PI161375, cultivar Songwhan Charmi (SC). Here, we analyzed the subcellular localization of CmVPS41 in Nicotiana benthamiana and found differential structures in resistant and susceptible accessions. Susceptible accessions showed nuclear and membrane spots and many transvacuolar strands, whereas the resistant accessions showed many intravacuolar invaginations. These specific structures colocalized with late endosomes. Artificial CmVPS41 carrying individual mutations causing resistance in the genetic background of CmVPS41 from the susceptible variety Piel de Sapo (PS) revealed that the structure most correlated with resistance was the absence of transvacuolar strands. Coexpression of CmVPS41 with viral movement proteins, the determinant of virulence, did not change these localizations; however, infiltration of CmVPS41 from either SC or PS accessions in CMV-infected N. benthamiana leaves showed a localization pattern closer to each other, with up to 30% cells showing some membrane spots in the CmVPS41SC and fewer transvacuolar strands (reduced from a mean of 4 to 1-2) with CmVPS41PS. Our results suggest that the distribution of CmVPS41PS in late endosomes includes transvacuolar strands that facilitate CMV infection and that CmVPS41 re-localizes during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Real
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/Vall Moronta, Edifici CRAG, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Villar
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/Vall Moronta, Edifici CRAG, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Irene Serrano
- Laboratoire des Interactions des Plantes et Microorganismes, CNRS, 31326 Toulouse, France
| | - Cèlia Guiu-Aragonés
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/Vall Moronta, Edifici CRAG, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Montserrat Martín-Hernández
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/Vall Moronta, Edifici CRAG, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Edifici CRAG, C/ Vall Moronta, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Thomsen M, Lange LM, Klein C, Lohmann K. MDSGene: Extending the List of Isolated Dystonia Genes by VPS16, EIF2AK2, and AOPEP. Mov Disord 2023; 38:507-508. [PMID: 36670070 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Thomsen
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lara M Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Liu Y, Sun Y, Xu Y, Dong T, Qian L, Zheng H, Gao Y, Chu Z, Fu X, Zhang H, Xie F, Zhang C, Tang Y, Lou H. Targeting VPS41 induces methuosis and inhibits autophagy in cancer cells. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:130-143.e5. [PMID: 36708709 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex mediates membrane trafficking involved in endocytosis, autophagy, lysosome biogenesis, and phagocytosis. Defects in HOPS subunits are associated with various forms of cancer, but their potential as drug targets has rarely been examined. Here, we identified vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog (VPS41), a subunit of the HOPS complex, as a target of methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-6-phenethylbenzoate (DMBP), a natural small molecule with preferable anticancer activity. DMBP induced methuosis and inhibited autophagic flux in cancer cells by inhibiting the function of VPS41, leading to the restrained fusion of late endosomes and autophagosomes with lysosomes. Moreover, DMBP effectively inhibited metastasis in a mouse metastatic melanoma model. Collectively, the current work revealed that targeting VPS41 would provide a valuable method of inhibiting cancer proliferation through methuosis.
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23
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Hoffman HK, Prekeris R. HOPS-dependent lysosomal fusion controls Rab19 availability for ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.07.527563. [PMID: 36798155 PMCID: PMC9934645 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.07.527563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia are sensory cellular organelles crucial for organ development and homeostasis. Ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells requires Rab19-mediated clearing of apical cortical actin to allow the cilium to grow from the apically-docked basal body into the extracellular space. Loss of the lysosomal membrane-tethering HOPS complex disrupts this actin-clearing and ciliogenesis, but it remains unclear how ciliary function of HOPS relates to its canonical function in regulating late endosome-lysosome fusion. Here, we show that disruption of HOPS-dependent lysosomal fusion indirectly impairs actin-clearing and ciliogenesis by disrupting the targeting of Rab19 to the basal body. We also find that Rab19 functions in endolysosomal cargo trafficking apart from its previously-identified role in ciliogenesis. In summary, we show that inhibition of lysosomal fusion abnormally accumulates Rab19 on late endosomes, thus depleting Rab19 from the basal body and thereby disrupting Rab19-mediated actin-clearing and ciliogenesis. Summary statement Loss of HOPS-mediated lysosomal fusion indirectly blocks apical actin clearing and ciliogenesis in polarized epithelia by trapping Rab19 on late endosomes and depleting Rab19 from the basal body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huxley K. Hoffman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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24
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Wen QX, Luo B, Xie XY, Zhou GF, Chen J, Song L, Liu Y, Xie SQ, Chen L, Li KY, Xiang XJ, Chen GJ. AP2S1 regulates APP degradation through late endosome-lysosome fusion in cells and APP/PS1 mice. Traffic 2023; 24:20-33. [PMID: 36412210 PMCID: PMC10107530 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AP2S1 is the sigma 2 subunit of adaptor protein 2 (AP2) that is essential for endocytosis. In this study, we investigated the potential role of AP2S1 in intracellular processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), which contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) by generating the toxic β-amyloid peptide (Aβ). We found that knockdown or overexpression of AP2S1 decreased or increased the protein levels of APP and Aβ in cells stably expressing human full-length APP695, respectively. This effect was unrelated to endocytosis but involved lysosomal degradation. Morphological studies revealed that silencing of AP2S1 promoted the translocalization of APP from RAB9-positive late endosomes (LE) to LAMP1-positive lysosomes, which was paralleled by the enhanced LE-lysosome fusion. In support, silencing of vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 (VPS41) that is implicated in LE-lyso fusion prevented AP2S1-mediated regulation of APP degradation and translocalization. In APP/PS1 mice, an animal model of AD, AAV-mediated delivery of AP2S1 shRNA in the hippocampus significantly reduced the protein levels of APP and Aβ, with the concomitant APP translocalization, LE-lyso fusion and the improved cognitive functions. Taken together, these data uncover a LE-lyso fusion mechanism in APP degradation and suggest a novel role for AP2S1 in the pathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Xin Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Qi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun-Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Xiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China.,Institute for Brain Science and Disease, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Di Fonzo A, Albanese A, Jinnah HH. The apparent paradox of phenotypic diversity and shared mechanisms across dystonia syndromes. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:502-509. [PMID: 35856917 PMCID: PMC9309988 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We describe here how such mechanisms shared by different genetic forms can give rise to motor performance dysfunctions with a clinical aspect of dystonia. RECENT FINDINGS The continuing discoveries of genetic causes for dystonia syndromes are transforming our view of these disorders. They share unexpectedly common underlying mechanisms, including dysregulation in neurotransmitter signaling, gene transcription, and quality control machinery. The field has further expanded to include forms recently associated with endolysosomal dysfunction. SUMMARY The discovery of biological pathways shared between different monogenic dystonias is an important conceptual advance in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms, with a significant impact on the pathophysiological understanding of clinical phenomenology. The functional relationship between dystonia genes could revolutionize current dystonia classification systems, classifying patients with different monogenic forms based on common pathways. The most promising effect of these advances is on future mechanism-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Di Fonzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Albanese
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Hyder H. Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics, and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA, 30322, USA
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26
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Dzinovic I, Winkelmann J, Zech M. Genetic intersection between dystonia and neurodevelopmental disorders: Insights from genomic sequencing. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 102:131-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Anderson J, Walker G, Pu J. BORC-ARL8-HOPS ensemble is required for lysosomal cholesterol egress through NPC2. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar81. [PMID: 35653304 PMCID: PMC9582633 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-11-0595-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes receive extracellular and intracellular cholesterol and redistribute it throughout the cell. Cholesterol egress from lysosomes is critical for cholesterol homeostasis, and its failure underlies the pathogenesis of genetic disorders such as Niemann-Pick C (NPC) disease. Here we report that the BLOC one-related complex (BORC)-ARL8-homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) ensemble is required for egress of free cholesterol from lysosomes and for storage of esterified cholesterol in lipid droplets. Depletion of BORC, ARL8, or HOPS does not alter the localization of the lysosomal transmembrane cholesterol transporter NPC1 to degradative compartments but decreases the association of the luminal transporter NPC2 and increases NPC2 secretion. BORC-ARL8-HOPS depletion also increases lysosomal degradation of cation-independent (CI)-mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) receptor (MPR), which normally sorts NPC2 to the endosomal-lysosomal system and then is recycled to the trans-Golgi network. These defects likely result from impaired HOPS-dependent fusion of endosomal-lysosomal organelles and an uncharacterized function of HOPS in CI-MPR recycling. Our study demonstrates that the BORC-ARL8-HOPS ensemble is required for cholesterol egress from lysosomes by enabling CI-MPR-dependent trafficking of NPC2 to the endosomal-lysosomal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Anderson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Gerard Walker
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jing Pu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
- Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
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28
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Dafsari HS, Pemberton JG, Ferrer EA, Yammine T, Farra C, Mohammadi MH, Ghayoor Karimiani E, Hashemi N, Souaid M, Sabbagh S, Najarzadeh Torbati P, Khan S, Roze E, Moreno‐De‐Luca A, Bertoli‐Avella AM, Houlden H, Balla T, Maroofian R. PI4K2A deficiency causes innate error in intracellular trafficking with developmental and epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1345-1358. [PMID: 35880319 PMCID: PMC9463957 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracellular signaling networks rely on proper membrane organization to control an array of cellular processes such as metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, and macroautophagy in eukaryotic cells and organisms. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) emerged as an essential regulatory lipid within organelle membranes that defines their lipid composition and signaling properties. PI4P is generated by four distinct phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (PI4K) in mammalian cells: PI4KA, PI4KB, PI4K2A, PI4K2B. Animal models and human genetic studies suggest vital roles of PI4K enzymes in development and function of various organs, including the nervous system. Bi-allelic variants in PI4KA were recently associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), brain malformations, leukodystrophy, primary immunodeficiency, and inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we describe patients from two unrelated consanguineous families with PI4K2A deficiency and functionally explored the pathogenic mechanism. METHODS Two patients with PI4K2A deficiency were identified by exome sequencing, presenting with developmental and epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy. Neuroimaging showed corpus callosum dysgenesis, diffuse white matter volume loss, and hypoplastic vermis. In addition to NDD, we observed recurrent infections and death at toddler age. We further explored identified variants with cellular assays. RESULTS This clinical presentation overlaps with what was previously reported in two affected siblings with homozygous nonsense PI4K2A variant. Cellular studies analyzing these human variants confirmed their deleterious effect on PI4K2A activity and, together with the central role of PI4K2A in Rab7-associated vesicular trafficking, establish a link between late endosome-lysosome defects and NDD. INTERPRETATION Our study establishes the genotype-phenotype spectrum of PI4K-associated NDD and highlights several commonalities with other innate errors of intracellular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hormos Salimi Dafsari
- Department of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of CologneKerpener Str. 6250937KölnGermany,Max‐Planck‐Institute for Biology of Ageing and CECADCologneGermany,Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Joshua G. Pemberton
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHDNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. Ferrer
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHDNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Tony Yammine
- Medical Genetics UnitSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Chantal Farra
- Medical Genetics UnitSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon,Department of GeneticsHotel Dieu de France Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences InstituteSt. George's, University of LondonCranmer TerraceLondonUK,Department of Medical GeneticsNext Generation Genetic PolyclinicMashhadIran
| | - Narges Hashemi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mirna Souaid
- Medical Genetics UnitSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Sandra Sabbagh
- Department of GeneticsHotel Dieu de France Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Roze
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut du Cerveau (ICM)Sorbonne UniversitéParis75013France,DMU NeurosciencesHôpital de la Pitié‐Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de ParisParis75013France
| | - Andres Moreno‐De‐Luca
- Department of Radiology, Diagnostic Medicine InstituteAutism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Genomic Medicine Institute, GeisingerDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyQueen SquareLondonUK
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHDNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyQueen SquareLondonUK
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29
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Dzinovic I, Boesch S, Škorvánek M, Necpál J, Švantnerová J, Pavelekova P, Havránková P, Tsoma E, Indelicato E, Runkel E, Held V, Weise D, Janzarik W, Eckenweiler M, Berweck S, Mall V, Haslinger B, Jech R, Winkelmann J, Zech M. Genetic overlap between dystonia and other neurologic disorders: A study of 1,100 exomes. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 102:1-6. [PMID: 35872528 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although shared genetic factors have been previously reported between dystonia and other neurologic conditions, no sequencing study exploring such links is available. In a large dystonic cohort, we aimed at analyzing the proportions of causative variants in genes associated with disease categories other than dystonia. METHODS Gene findings related to whole-exome sequencing-derived diagnoses in 1100 dystonia index cases were compared with expert-curated molecular testing panels for ataxia, parkinsonism, spastic paraplegia, neuropathy, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. RESULTS Among 220 diagnosed patients, 21% had variants in ataxia-linked genes; 15% in parkinsonism-linked genes; 15% in spastic-paraplegia-linked genes; 12% in neuropathy-linked genes; 32% in epilepsy-linked genes; and 65% in intellectual-disability-linked genes. Most diagnosed presentations (80%) were related to genes listed in ≥1 studied panel; 71% of the involved loci were found in the non-dystonia panels but not in an expert-curated gene list for dystonia. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates a convergence in the genetics of dystonia and other neurologic phenotypes, informing diagnostic evaluation strategies and pathophysiological considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Dzinovic
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matej Škorvánek
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Necpál
- Department of Neurology, Zvolen Hospital, Slovakia
| | - Jana Švantnerová
- Second Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Pavelekova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Havránková
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenia Tsoma
- Regional Clinical Center of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Department of Family Medicine and Outpatient Care, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | | | - Eva Runkel
- Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Held
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - David Weise
- Klinik für Neurologie, Asklepios Fachklinikum Stadtroda, Stadtroda, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wibke Janzarik
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eckenweiler
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Berweck
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Hospital for Neuropediatrics and Neurological Rehabilitation, Centre of Epilepsy for Children and Adolescents, Schoen Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Volker Mall
- Lehrstuhl für Sozialpädiatrie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; kbo-Kinderzentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haslinger
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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30
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Petry-schmelzer JN, Park J, Haack TB, Visser-vandewalle V, Barbe MT, Wunderlich G. Long-term benefit of pallidal deep brain stimulation in a patient with VPS16-associated dystonia. Neurol Res Pract 2022; 4. [PMID: 35644611 PMCID: PMC9150300 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-022-00185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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31
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Wojcik GL, Murphy J, Edelson JL, Gignoux CR, Ioannidis AG, Manning A, Rivas MA, Buyske S, Hendricks AE. Opportunities and challenges for the use of common controls in sequencing studies. Nat Rev Genet 2022. [PMID: 35581355 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-022-00487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies using large-scale genome and exome sequencing data have become increasingly valuable in identifying associations between genetic variants and disease, transforming basic research and translational medicine. However, this progress has not been equally shared across all people and conditions, in part due to limited resources. Leveraging publicly available sequencing data as external common controls, rather than sequencing new controls for every study, can better allocate resources by augmenting control sample sizes or providing controls where none existed. However, common control studies must be carefully planned and executed as even small differences in sample ascertainment and processing can result in substantial bias. Here, we discuss challenges and opportunities for the robust use of common controls in high-throughput sequencing studies, including study design, quality control and statistical approaches. Thoughtful generation and use of large and valuable genetic sequencing data sets will enable investigation of a broader and more representative set of conditions, environments and genetic ancestries than otherwise possible.
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32
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Lange LM, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Rajalingam R, Tijssen MAJ, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Gabbert C, Ganos C, Ghosh R, Kumar KR, Lang AE, Rossi M, van der Veen S, van de Warrenburg B, Warner T, Lohmann K, Klein C, Marras C. Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders: Recommendations of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force - An Update. Mov Disord 2022; 37:905-935. [PMID: 35481685 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, the Movement Disorder Society Task Force for the Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders presented a new system for naming genetically determined movement disorders and provided a criterion-based list of confirmed monogenic movement disorders. Since then, a substantial number of novel disease-causing genes have been described, which warrant classification using this system. In addition, with this update, we further refined the system and propose dissolving the imaging-based categories of Primary Familial Brain Calcification and Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation and reclassifying these genetic conditions according to their predominant phenotype. We also introduce the novel category of Mixed Movement Disorders (MxMD), which includes conditions linked to multiple equally prominent movement disorder phenotypes. In this article, we present updated lists of newly confirmed monogenic causes of movement disorders. We found a total of 89 different newly identified genes that warrant a prefix based on our criteria; 6 genes for parkinsonism, 21 for dystonia, 38 for dominant and recessive ataxia, 5 for chorea, 7 for myoclonus, 13 for spastic paraplegia, 3 for paroxysmal movement disorders, and 6 for mixed movement disorder phenotypes; 10 genes were linked to combined phenotypes and have been assigned two new prefixes. The updated lists represent a resource for clinicians and researchers alike and they have also been published on the website of the Task Force for the Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders on the homepage of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (https://www.movementdisorders.org/MDS/About/Committees--Other-Groups/MDS-Task-Forces/Task-Force-on-Nomenclature-in-Movement-Disorders.htm). © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rajasumi Rajalingam
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- UMCG Expertise Centre Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carolin Gabbert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christos Ganos
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rhia Ghosh
- Huntington's Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony E Lang
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Malco Rossi
- Movement Disorders Section, Neuroscience Department, Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sterre van der Veen
- UMCG Expertise Centre Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Warner
- Department of Clinical & Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Connie Marras
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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33
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García-cazorla A, Oyarzábal A, Saudubray J, Martinelli D, Dionisi-vici C. Genetic disorders of cellular trafficking. Trends Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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34
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Yellajoshyula D, Pappas SS, Dauer WT. Oligodendrocyte and Extracellular Matrix Contributions to Central Nervous System Motor Function: Implications for Dystonia. Mov Disord 2022; 37:456-463. [PMID: 34989453 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest to elucidate nervous system function and dysfunction in disease has focused largely on neurons and neural circuits. However, fundamental aspects of nervous system development, function, and plasticity are regulated by nonneuronal elements, including glial cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The rapid rise of genomics and neuroimaging techniques in recent decades has highlighted neuronal-glial interactions and ECM as a key component of nervous system development, plasticity, and function. Abnormalities of neuronal-glial interactions have been understudied but are increasingly recognized to play a key role in many neurodevelopmental disorders. In this report, we consider the role of myelination and the ECM in the development and function of central nervous system motor circuits and the neurodevelopmental disease dystonia. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel S Pappas
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - William T Dauer
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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35
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Wu MC, Chang YY, Lan MY, Chen YF, Tai CH, Lin YF, Tsai SF, Chen PL, Lin CH. A Clinical and Integrated Genetic Study of Isolated and Combined Dystonia in Taiwan. J Mol Diagn 2022; 24:262-273. [PMID: 35041927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous movement disorder. However, genetic causes of dystonia remain largely unknown in Asian subjects. To address this, we applied an integrated two-step approach that included gene dosage analysis and a next-generation sequencing panel containing 72 known genes causative for dystonia and related movement disorders to 318 Taiwanese patients with isolated or combined dystonia. Whole-genome sequencing was performed for one multiplex family with no known causative variant. The panel confirmed the genetic diagnosis in 40 probands (12.6%). A genetic diagnosis was more likely with juvenile onset compared with adult onset (24.2% vs 10.8%; P = 0.03) and those with combined features, especially with myoclonus, compared with isolated dystonia (35.3% vs 10.5%; P = 0.004). The most common causative genes were SGCE followed by GCH1, TH, CACNA1B, PRRT2, MR1, CIZ1, PLA2G6, and PRKN. Genetic causes were identified from single cases in TOR1A, TUBB4A, THAP1, ATP1A3, ANO3, GNAL, KMT2B, SLC6A3, ADCY5, CYP27A1, PANK2, C19orf12, and SPG11. The whole-genome sequencing analysis identified a novel intragenic deletion in OPHN1 in a multiplex family with X-linked dystonia and intellectual delay. Our findings delineate the genetic architecture and clinical spectrum of dystonia-causing pathogenic variants in an Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chen Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yee Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Lan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fa Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hwei Tai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Lin
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Feng Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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36
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di Biase L, Di Santo A, Caminiti ML, Pecoraro PM, Di Lazzaro V. Classification of Dystonia. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:206. [PMID: 35207493 PMCID: PMC8875209 DOI: 10.3390/life12020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by abnormal movement or posture caused by excessive muscle contraction. Because of its wide clinical spectrum, dystonia is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. In clinical practice, dystonia could often present in association with other movement disorders. An accurate physical examination is essential to describe the correct phenomenology. To help clinicians reaching the proper diagnosis, several classifications of dystonia have been proposed. The current classification consists of axis I, clinical characteristics, and axis II, etiology. Through the application of this classification system, movement disorder specialists could attempt to correctly characterize dystonia and guide patients to the most effective treatment. The aim of this article is to describe the phenomenological spectrum of dystonia, the last approved dystonia classification, and new emerging knowledge.
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37
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Schreglmann SR, Burke D, Batla A, Kresojevic N, Wood N, Heales S, Bhatia KP. Cerebellar and Midbrain Lysosomal Enzyme Deficiency in Isolated Dystonia. Mov Disord 2022; 37:875-877. [PMID: 35080042 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian R Schreglmann
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Derek Burke
- Enzyme Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amit Batla
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikola Kresojevic
- Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nicholas Wood
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Heales
- Enzyme Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,UCL BRC Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
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38
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Schreglmann SR, Bhatia KP. HOPS
‐Associated Neurological Disorders: Lysosomal Dysfunction as an Emerging Concept Underlying Dystonia. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2022; 9:452-453. [PMID: 35582316 PMCID: PMC9092745 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kailash P. Bhatia
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences Institute of Neurology, UCL London United Kingdom
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39
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Van Der Heijden ME, Gill JS, Rey Hipolito AG, Salazar Leon LE, Sillitoe RV. Quantification of Behavioral Deficits in Developing Mice With Dystonic Behaviors. Dystonia 2022; 1:10494. [PMID: 36960404 PMCID: PMC10032351 DOI: 10.3389/dyst.2022.10494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Converging evidence from structural imaging studies in patients, the function of dystonia-causing genes, and the comorbidity of neuronal and behavioral defects all suggest that pediatric-onset dystonia is a neurodevelopmental disorder. However, to fully appreciate the contribution of altered development to dystonia, a mechanistic understanding of how networks become dysfunctional is required for early-onset dystonia. One current hurdle is that many dystonia animal models are ideally suited for studying adult phenotypes, as the neurodevelopmental features can be subtle or are complicated by broad developmental deficits. Furthermore, most assays that are used to measure dystonia are not suited for developing postnatal mice. Here, we characterize the early-onset dystonia in Ptf1a Cre ;Vglut2 fl/fl mice, which is caused by the absence of neurotransmission from inferior olive neurons onto cerebellar Purkinje cells. We investigate motor control with two paradigms that examine how altered neural function impacts key neurodevelopmental milestones seen in postnatal pups (postnatal day 7-11). We find that Ptf1a Cre ;Vglut2 fl/fl mice have poor performance on the negative geotaxis assay and the surface righting reflex. Interestingly, we also find that Ptf1a Cre ;Vglut2 fl/fl mice make fewer ultrasonic calls when socially isolated from their nests. Ultrasonic calls are often impaired in rodent models of autism spectrum disorders, a condition that can be comorbid with dystonia. Together, we show that these assays can serve as useful quantitative tools for investigating how neural dysfunction during development influences neonatal behaviors in a dystonia mouse model. Our data implicate a shared cerebellar circuit mechanism underlying dystonia-related motor signs and social impairments in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike E. Van Der Heijden
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jason S. Gill
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alejandro G. Rey Hipolito
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luis E. Salazar Leon
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roy V. Sillitoe
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Correspondence: Roy V. Sillitoe,
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40
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Gu X, Lin J, Hou Y, Zhang L, Shang H. De Novo Missense Mutation of
VPS16
in a Chinese Patient with Generalized Dystonia with Myoclonus. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 9:551-552. [PMID: 35586525 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Junyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
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41
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Spaull RVV, Soo AKS, Hogarth P, Hayflick SJ, Kurian MA. Towards Precision Therapies for Inherited Disorders of Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2021; 11:51. [PMID: 34909266 DOI: 10.5334/tohm.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders comprise a group of rare but devastating inherited neurological diseases with unifying features of progressive cognitive and motor decline, and increased iron deposition in the basal ganglia. Although at present there are no proven disease-modifying treatments, the severe nature of these monogenic disorders lends to consideration of personalized medicine strategies, including targeted gene therapy. In this review we summarize the progress and future direction towards precision therapies for NBIA disorders. Methods: This review considered all relevant publications up to April 2021 using a systematic search strategy of PubMed and clinical trials databases. Results: We review what is currently known about the underlying pathophysiology of NBIA disorders, common NBIA disease pathways, and how this knowledge has influenced current management strategies and clinical trial design. The safety profile, efficacy and clinical outcome of clinical studies are reviewed. Furthermore, the potential for future therapeutic approaches is also discussed. Discussion: Therapeutic options in NBIAs remain very limited, with no proven disease-modifying treatments at present. However, a number of different approaches are currently under development with increasing focus on targeted precision therapies. Recent advances in the field give hope that novel strategies, such as gene therapy, gene editing and substrate replacement therapies are both scientifically and financially feasible for these conditions. Highlights This article provides an up-to-date review of the current literature about Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA), with a focus on disease pathophysiology, current and previously trialed therapies, and future treatments in development, including consideration of potential genetic therapy approaches.
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42
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Waller SE, Morales‐Briceño H, Williams L, Mohammad SS, Fellner A, Kumar KR, Tchan M, Fung VS. Possible
EIF2AK2
‐Associated Stress‐Related Neurological Decompensation with Combined Dystonia and Striatal Lesions. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 9:240-244. [DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E. Waller
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department Westmead Hospital Westmead New South Wales Australia
| | - Hugo Morales‐Briceño
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department Westmead Hospital Westmead New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Laura Williams
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department Westmead Hospital Westmead New South Wales Australia
| | - Shekeeb S. Mohammad
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School University of Sydney Westmead New South Wales Australia
| | - Avi Fellner
- Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital Petah Tikva Israel
- The Neurology Department Rabin Medical Center, Belinson Hospital Petah Tikva Israel
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia
| | - Kishore R. Kumar
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Neurology Department Concord Repatriation General Hospital Concord New South Wales Australia
| | - Michel Tchan
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Department of Clinical Genetics Westmead Hospital Westmead New South Wales Australia
| | - Victor S.C. Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department Westmead Hospital Westmead New South Wales Australia
- Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Park J, Reilaender A, Petry-Schmelzer JN, Stöbe P, Cordts I, Harmuth F, Rautenberg M, Woerz SE, Demidov G, Sturm M, Ossowski S, Schwaibold EMC, Wunderlich G, Paus S, Saft C, Haack TB. Transcript-Specific Loss-of-Function Variants in VPS16 Are Enriched in Patients With Dystonia. Neurol Genet 2021; 8:e644. [PMID: 34901436 PMCID: PMC8656243 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Our objective was to improve rare variant interpretation using statistical measures as well as publicly accessible annotation of expression levels and tissue specificity of different splice isoforms. We describe rare VPS16 variants observed in patients with dystonia and patients without dystonia, elaborate on our interpretation of VPS16 variants affecting different transcripts, and provide detailed clinical description of the movement disorder caused by VPS16 variants. Methods In-house exome and genome data sets (n = 11,539) were screened for rare heterozygous missense and putative loss-of-function (pLoF) variants in VPS16. Using pext (proportion expressed across transcripts) values from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), we differentiated variants affecting weakly and highly expressed exons/transcripts and applied statistical measures to systematically identify disease-associated genetic variation among patients with dystonia (n = 280). Results Six different heterozygous pLoFs in VPS16 transcripts were identified in 13 individuals. Three of these pLoFs occurred in 9 individuals with different phenotypes, and 3 pLoFs were identified in 4 unrelated individuals with early-onset dystonia. Although pLoFs were enriched in the dystonia cohort (n = 280; p = 2.04 × 10−4; 4/280 cases vs 9/11,259 controls; Fisher exact test), it was not exome-wide significant. According to the pext values in gnomAD, all 3 pLoFs observed in the patients with dystonia were located in the highly expressed canonical transcript ENST00000380445.3, whereas 2 of 3 pLoFs detected in 8 individuals without dystonia were located in the first exon of the noncanonical transcript ENST00000380443.3 that is weakly expressed across all tissues. Taking these biological implications into account, pLoFs involving the canonical transcript were exome-wide significantly enriched in patients with dystonia (p = 1.67 × 10−6; 4/280 cases vs 1/11,259 controls; Fisher exact test). All VPS16 patients showed mild progressive dystonia with writer's cramp as the presenting symptom between age 7 and 34 years (mean 20 years) that often progressed to generalized dystonia and was even accompanied by hyperkinetic movements and myoclonus in 1 patient. Discussion Our data provide strong evidence for VPS16 pLoFs to be implicated in dystonia and knowledge on exon resolution expression levels as well as statistical measures proved to be useful for variant interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Park
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Annemarie Reilaender
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Jan N Petry-Schmelzer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Petra Stöbe
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Isabell Cordts
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Florian Harmuth
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Maren Rautenberg
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Sarah E Woerz
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - German Demidov
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Marc Sturm
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Stephan Ossowski
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Eva M C Schwaibold
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Gilbert Wunderlich
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Sebastian Paus
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Carsten Saft
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics (J.P., P.S., F.H., M.R., S.E.W., G.D., M.S., S.O.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen. Germany; Department of Neurology University Hospital (A.R.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt. Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology (J.N.P-S., G.W.), Cologne. Germany; Department of Neurology (I.C.,), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich. Germany; Institute of Human Genetics (E.M.C.S.), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg. Germany; University of Cologne (G.W.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Centre for Rare Diseases, Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (S.P.), GFO Clinics Troisdorf, Troisdorf. Germany; Department of Neurology (C.S.), Huntington Centre NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum. Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen (T.B.H.), Tübingen. Germany
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Domingo A, Yadav R, Shah S, Hendriks WT, Erdin S, Gao D, O'Keefe K, Currall B, Gusella JF, Sharma N, Ozelius LJ, Ehrlich ME, Talkowski ME, Bragg DC. Dystonia-specific mutations in THAP1 alter transcription of genes associated with neurodevelopment and myelin. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:2145-2158. [PMID: 34672987 PMCID: PMC8595948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is a neurologic disorder associated with an increasingly large number of genetic variants in many genes, resulting in characteristic disturbances in volitional movement. Dissecting the relationships between these mutations and their functional outcomes is critical in understanding the pathways that drive dystonia pathogenesis. Here we established a pipeline for characterizing an allelic series of dystonia-specific mutations. We used this strategy to investigate the molecular consequences of genetic variation in THAP1, which encodes a transcription factor linked to neural differentiation. Multiple pathogenic mutations associated with dystonia cluster within distinct THAP1 functional domains and are predicted to alter DNA-binding properties and/or protein interactions differently, yet the relative impact of these varied changes on molecular signatures and neural deficits is unclear. To determine the effects of these mutations on THAP1 transcriptional activity, we engineered an allelic series of eight alterations in a common induced pluripotent stem cell background and differentiated these lines into a panel of near-isogenic neural stem cells (n = 94 lines). Transcriptome profiling followed by joint analysis of the most robust signatures across mutations identified a convergent pattern of dysregulated genes functionally related to neurodevelopment, lysosomal lipid metabolism, and myelin. On the basis of these observations, we examined mice bearing Thap1-disruptive alleles and detected significant changes in myelin gene expression and reduction of myelin structural integrity relative to control mice. These results suggest that deficits in neurodevelopment and myelination are common consequences of dystonia-associated THAP1 mutations and highlight the potential role of neuron-glial interactions in the pathogenesis of dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Domingo
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rachita Yadav
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shivangi Shah
- The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - William T Hendriks
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Serkan Erdin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Dadi Gao
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kathryn O'Keefe
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Benjamin Currall
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - James F Gusella
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nutan Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael E Talkowski
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - D Cristopher Bragg
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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Zech M, Kumar KR, Reining S, Reunert J, Tchan M, Riley LG, Drew AP, Adam RJ, Berutti R, Biskup S, Derive N, Bakhtiari S, Jin SC, Kruer MC, Bardakjian T, Gonzalez-Alegre P, Keller Sarmiento IJ, Mencacci NE, Lubbe SJ, Kurian MA, Clot F, Méneret A, de Sainte Agathe JM, Fung VSC, Vidailhet M, Baumann M, Marquardt T, Winkelmann J, Boesch S. Biallelic AOPEP Loss-of-Function Variants Cause Progressive Dystonia with Prominent Limb Involvement. Mov Disord 2021; 37:137-147. [PMID: 34596301 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monogenic causes of isolated dystonia are heterogeneous. Assembling cohorts of affected individuals sufficiently large to establish new gene-disease relationships can be challenging. OBJECTIVE We sought to expand the catalogue of monogenic etiologies for isolated dystonia. METHODS After the discovery of a candidate variant in a multicenter exome-sequenced cohort of affected individuals with dystonia, we queried online platforms and genomic data repositories worldwide to identify subjects with matching genotypic profiles. RESULTS Seven different biallelic loss-of-function variants in AOPEP were detected in five probands from four unrelated families with strongly overlapping phenotypes. In one proband, we observed a homozygous nonsense variant (c.1477C>T [p.Arg493*]). A second proband harbored compound heterozygous nonsense variants (c.763C>T [p.Arg255*]; c.777G>A [p.Trp259*]), whereas a third proband possessed a frameshift variant (c.696_697delAG [p.Ala234Serfs*5]) in trans with a splice-disrupting alteration (c.2041-1G>A). Two probands (siblings) from a fourth family shared compound heterozygous frameshift alleles (c.1215delT [p.Val406Cysfs*14]; c.1744delA [p.Met582Cysfs*6]). All variants were rare and expected to result in truncated proteins devoid of functionally important amino acid sequence. AOPEP, widely expressed in developing and adult human brain, encodes a zinc-dependent aminopeptidase, a member of a class of proteolytic enzymes implicated in synaptogenesis and neural maintenance. The probands presented with disabling progressive dystonia predominantly affecting upper and lower extremities, with variable involvement of craniocervical muscles. Dystonia was unaccompanied by any additional symptoms in three families, whereas the fourth family presented co-occurring late-onset parkinsonism. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a likely causative role of predicted inactivating biallelic AOPEP variants in cases of autosomal recessive dystonia. Additional studies are warranted to understand the pathophysiology associated with loss-of-function variation in AOPEP. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Neurology Department, Concord Clinical School, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sophie Reining
- Department of General Paediatrics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Janine Reunert
- Department of General Paediatrics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michel Tchan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lisa G Riley
- Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Rare Diseases Functional Genomics, Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and The Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander P Drew
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert J Adam
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- CeGaT GmbH und Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Derive
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites SeqOIA, Paris, France
| | - Somayeh Bakhtiari
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.,Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael C Kruer
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.,Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Tanya Bardakjian
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ignacio J Keller Sarmiento
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Niccolo E Mencacci
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven J Lubbe
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, and Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabienne Clot
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites SeqOIA, Paris, France.,AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique, UF de Neurogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Méneret
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, DMU Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Madeleine de Sainte Agathe
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites SeqOIA, Paris, France.,AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Victor S C Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, DMU Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Baumann
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- Department of General Paediatrics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Institute of Human Genetics, Munich, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Toupenet Marchesi L, Leblanc M, Stevanin G. Current Knowledge of Endolysosomal and Autophagy Defects in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071678. [PMID: 34359848 PMCID: PMC8307360 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) refers to a group of neurological disorders involving the degeneration of motor neurons. Due to their clinical and genetic heterogeneity, finding common effective therapeutics is difficult. Therefore, a better understanding of the common pathological mechanisms is necessary. The role of several HSP genes/proteins is linked to the endolysosomal and autophagic pathways, suggesting a functional convergence. Furthermore, impairment of these pathways is particularly interesting since it has been linked to other neurodegenerative diseases, which would suggest that the nervous system is particularly sensitive to the disruption of the endolysosomal and autophagic systems. In this review, we will summarize the involvement of HSP proteins in the endolysosomal and autophagic pathways in order to clarify their functioning and decipher some of the pathological mechanisms leading to HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liriopé Toupenet Marchesi
- Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France; (L.T.M.); (M.L.)
- Neurogenetics Team, EPHE, Paris Sciences Lettres Research University, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Marion Leblanc
- Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France; (L.T.M.); (M.L.)
- Neurogenetics Team, EPHE, Paris Sciences Lettres Research University, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France; (L.T.M.); (M.L.)
- Neurogenetics Team, EPHE, Paris Sciences Lettres Research University, 75000 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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47
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Yıldız Y, Koşukcu C, Aygün D, Akçaboy M, Öztek Çelebi FZ, Taşcı Yıldız Y, Şahin G, Aytekin C, Yüksel D, Lay İ, Özgül RK, Dursun A. Homozygous missense VPS16 variant is associated with a novel disease, resembling mucopolysaccharidosis-plus syndrome in two siblings. Clin Genet 2021; 100:308-317. [PMID: 34013567 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of intracellular trafficking are a group of inherited disorders, which often display multisystem phenotypes. Vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) subunit C, composed of VPS11, VPS18, VPS16, and VPS33A proteins, is involved in tethering of endosomes, lysosomes, and autophagosomes. Our group and others have previously described patients with a specific homozygous missense VPS33A variant, exhibiting a storage disease phenotype resembling mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), termed "MPS-plus syndrome." Here, we report two siblings from a consanguineous Turkish-Arabic family, who have overlapping features of MPS and intracellular trafficking disorders, including short stature, coarse facies, developmental delay, peripheral neuropathy, splenomegaly, spondylar dysplasia, congenital neutropenia, and high-normal glycosaminoglycan excretion. Whole exome sequencing and familial segregation analyses led to the homozygous NM_022575.3:c.540G>T; p.Trp180Cys variant in VPS16 in both siblings. Multiple bioinformatic methods supported the pathogenicity of this variant. Different monoallelic null VPS16 variants and a homozygous missense VPS16 variant had been previously associated with dystonia. A biallelic intronic, probably splice-altering variant in VPS16, causing an MPS-plus syndrome-like disease has been very recently reported in two individuals. The siblings presented herein display no dystonia, but have features of a multisystem storage disorder, representing a novel MPS-plus syndrome-like disease, associated for the first time with VPS16 missense variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yılmaz Yıldız
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Koşukcu
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Damla Aygün
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Akçaboy
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Zehra Öztek Çelebi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Taşcı Yıldız
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülseren Şahin
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caner Aytekin
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yüksel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital for Maternity and Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İncilay Lay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rıza Köksal Özgül
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Dursun
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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48
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Ostrozovicova M, Jech R, Steel D, Pavelekova P, Han V, Gdovinova Z, Lichtner P, Kurian MA, Wiethoff S, Houlden H, Havránková P, Winkelmann J, Zech M, Skorvanek M. A Recurrent VPS16 p.Arg187* Nonsense Variant in Early-Onset Generalized Dystonia. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1984-1985. [PMID: 33998058 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miriama Ostrozovicova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dora Steel
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Pavelekova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimir Han
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Gdovinova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Lichtner
- Core Facility NGS, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- Department of Neurology with Institute for Translational Neurology, University Clinics, Munster, Germany.,UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Havránková
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julianne Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institut für Humangenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institut für Humangenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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49
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Sofou K, Meier K, Sanderson LE, Kaminski D, Montoliu‐Gaya L, Samuelsson E, Blomqvist M, Agholme L, Gärtner J, Mühlhausen C, Darin N, Barakat TS, Schlotawa L, van Ham T, Asin Cayuela J, Sterky FH. Bi-allelic VPS16 variants limit HOPS/CORVET levels and cause a mucopolysaccharidosis-like disease. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13376. [PMID: 33938619 PMCID: PMC8103096 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases, including mucopolysaccharidoses, result from genetic defects that impair lysosomal catabolism. Here, we describe two patients from two independent families presenting with progressive psychomotor regression, delayed myelination, brain atrophy, neutropenia, skeletal abnormalities, and mucopolysaccharidosis-like dysmorphic features. Both patients were homozygous for the same intronic variant in VPS16, a gene encoding a subunit of the HOPS and CORVET complexes. The variant impaired normal mRNA splicing and led to an ~85% reduction in VPS16 protein levels in patient-derived fibroblasts. Levels of other HOPS/CORVET subunits, including VPS33A, were similarly reduced, but restored upon re-expression of VPS16. Patient-derived fibroblasts showed defects in the uptake and endosomal trafficking of transferrin as well as accumulation of autophagosomes and lysosomal compartments. Re-expression of VPS16 rescued the cellular phenotypes. Zebrafish with disrupted vps16 expression showed impaired development, reduced myelination, and a similar accumulation of lysosomes and autophagosomes in the brain, particularly in glia cells. This disorder resembles previously reported patients with mutations in VPS33A, thus expanding the family of mucopolysaccharidosis-like diseases that result from mutations in HOPS/CORVET subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Sofou
- Department of PaediatricsInstitute of Clinical SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kolja Meier
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Leslie E Sanderson
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Debora Kaminski
- Department of Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical ChemistrySahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Laia Montoliu‐Gaya
- Department of Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Emma Samuelsson
- Department of Clinical ChemistrySahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Maria Blomqvist
- Department of Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical ChemistrySahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Lotta Agholme
- Department of Clinical ChemistrySahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Chris Mühlhausen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Niklas Darin
- Department of PaediatricsInstitute of Clinical SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lars Schlotawa
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Tjakko van Ham
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jorge Asin Cayuela
- Department of Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical ChemistrySahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Fredrik H Sterky
- Department of Laboratory MedicineInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical ChemistrySahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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50
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van der Welle REN, Jobling R, Burns C, Sanza P, van der Beek JA, Fasano A, Chen L, Zwartkruis FJ, Zwakenberg S, Griffin EF, ten Brink C, Veenendaal T, Liv N, van Ravenswaaij‐Arts CMA, Lemmink HH, Pfundt R, Blaser S, Sepulveda C, Lozano AM, Yoon G, Santiago‐Sim T, Asensio CS, Caldwell GA, Caldwell KA, Chitayat D, Klumperman J. Neurodegenerative VPS41 variants inhibit HOPS function and mTORC1-dependent TFEB/TFE3 regulation. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13258. [PMID: 33851776 PMCID: PMC8103106 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar protein sorting 41 (VPS41) is as part of the Homotypic fusion and Protein Sorting (HOPS) complex required for lysosomal fusion events and, independent of HOPS, for regulated secretion. Here, we report three patients with compound heterozygous mutations in VPS41 (VPS41S285P and VPS41R662* ; VPS41c.1423-2A>G and VPS41R662* ) displaying neurodegeneration with ataxia and dystonia. Cellular consequences were investigated in patient fibroblasts and VPS41-depleted HeLa cells. All mutants prevented formation of a functional HOPS complex, causing delayed lysosomal delivery of endocytic and autophagic cargo. By contrast, VPS41S285P enabled regulated secretion. Strikingly, loss of VPS41 function caused a cytosolic redistribution of mTORC1, continuous nuclear localization of Transcription Factor E3 (TFE3), enhanced levels of LC3II, and a reduced autophagic response to nutrient starvation. Phosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates S6K1 and 4EBP1 was not affected. In a C. elegans model of Parkinson's disease, co-expression of VPS41S285P /VPS41R662* abolished the neuroprotective function of VPS41 against α-synuclein aggregates. We conclude that the VPS41 variants specifically abrogate HOPS function, which interferes with the TFEB/TFE3 axis of mTORC1 signaling, and cause a neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reini E N van der Welle
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rebekah Jobling
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Clinical and Metabolic GeneticsThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Christian Burns
- Department of Biological SciencesDivision of Natural Sciences and MathematicsUniversity of DenverDenverCOUSA
| | - Paolo Sanza
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jan A van der Beek
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Alfonso Fasano
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s DiseaseMorton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders ClinicToronto Western Hospital, UHNTorontoONCanada
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Krembil Brain InstituteTorontoONCanada
- Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application (CRANIA)TorontoONCanada
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Biological SciencesDivision of Natural Sciences and MathematicsUniversity of DenverDenverCOUSA
| | - Fried J Zwartkruis
- Section Molecular Cancer ResearchCenter for Molecular MedicineUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Susan Zwakenberg
- Section Molecular Cancer ResearchCenter for Molecular MedicineUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Edward F Griffin
- Department of Biological SciencesThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA
- Department of NeurologyCenter for Neurodegeneration and Experimental TherapeuticsNathan Shock Center for Basic Research in the Biology of AgingUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham School of MedicineBirminghamALUSA
| | - Corlinda ten Brink
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Tineke Veenendaal
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Nalan Liv
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Henny H Lemmink
- Department of GeneticsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Susan Blaser
- Department of Diagnostic ImagingHospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada
| | - Carolina Sepulveda
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s DiseaseMorton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders ClinicToronto Western Hospital, UHNTorontoONCanada
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Andres M Lozano
- Krembil Brain InstituteTorontoONCanada
- Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application (CRANIA)TorontoONCanada
- Department of NeurosurgeryToronto Western Hospital, UHNTorontoONCanada
- University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Grace Yoon
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Clinical and Metabolic GeneticsThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Cedric S Asensio
- Department of Biological SciencesDivision of Natural Sciences and MathematicsUniversity of DenverDenverCOUSA
| | - Guy A Caldwell
- Department of Biological SciencesThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA
- Department of NeurologyCenter for Neurodegeneration and Experimental TherapeuticsNathan Shock Center for Basic Research in the Biology of AgingUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham School of MedicineBirminghamALUSA
| | - Kim A Caldwell
- Department of Biological SciencesThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA
- Department of NeurologyCenter for Neurodegeneration and Experimental TherapeuticsNathan Shock Center for Basic Research in the Biology of AgingUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham School of MedicineBirminghamALUSA
| | - David Chitayat
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Clinical and Metabolic GeneticsThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics ProgramDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Section Cell BiologyCenter for Molecular MedicineInstitute of BiomembranesUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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