1
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Xu X, Wang Y, Yu X, Liu X, Hao L, Ji Y. Palladium-Catalyzed (3 + 2) Annulation of Aromatic Acids by C(sp 3)-H Olefination and Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling Reaction. Org Lett 2024; 26:1338-1342. [PMID: 38334428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed (3 + 2) annulation of 2-methylbenzoic acid with maleimide using Ac-Leu-OH as a powerful ligand has been reported. Through a site-selective γ-C(sp3)-H olefination reaction and a sequential decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction, a five-membered cyclic ring was obtained as the final product. This novel reaction features great site selectivity and reactivity to generate various cyclic products in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xian Liu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Hao
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Ji
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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2
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Yeom S, Kim DY, Kim S, Gontala A, Park J, Lee YH, Kim HJ. Carboxylate-Directed Pd-Catalyzed β-C(sp 3)-H Arylation of N-Methyl Alanine Derivatives for Diversification of Bioactive Peptides. Org Lett 2023; 25:9008-9013. [PMID: 38084750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a Pd(II)-catalyzed method for the β-C(sp3)-H arylation of N-Cbz- or N-Fmoc-protected N-methyl alanines, providing ready access to building blocks for N-methylated peptide synthesis. For this transformation, the native carboxylate was exploited as the directing group, attributing its success to the use of a monoprotected amino-pyridine ligand. Its synthetic utility was demonstrated by facile generation of nine analogues of the naturally occurring N-methylated cyclic peptide cycloaspeptide A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Yeom
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Arjun Gontala
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Park
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Joong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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3
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Hoque ME, Yu JQ. Ligand-Enabled Double γ-C(sp 3 )-H Functionalization of Aliphatic Acids: One-Step Synthesis of γ-Arylated γ-Lactones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312331. [PMID: 37851865 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
γ-methylene C(sp3 )-H functionalization of linear free carboxylic acids remains a significant challenge. Here in we report a Pd(II)-catalyzed tandem γ-arylation and γ-lactonization of aliphatic acids enabled by a L,X-type CarboxPyridone ligand. A wide range of γ-arylated γ-lactones are synthesized in a single step from aliphatic acids in moderate to good yield. Arylated lactones can readily be converted into disubstituted tetrahydrofurans, a prominent scaffold amongst bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Emdadul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA
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4
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Das J, Ali W, Ghosh A, Pal T, Mandal A, Teja C, Dutta S, Pothikumar R, Ge H, Zhang X, Maiti D. Access to unsaturated bicyclic lactones by overriding conventional C(sp 3)-H site selectivity. Nat Chem 2023; 15:1626-1635. [PMID: 37563324 PMCID: PMC10624629 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal catalysis plays a pivotal role in transforming unreactive C-H bonds. However, regioselective activation of distal aliphatic C-H bonds poses a tremendous challenge, particularly in the absence of directing templates. Activation of a methylene C-H bond in the presence of methyl C-H is underexplored. Here we show activation of a methylene C-H bond in the presence of methyl C-H bonds to form unsaturated bicyclic lactones. The protocol allows the reversal of the general selectivity in aliphatic C-H bond activation. Computational studies suggest that reversible C-H activation is followed by β-hydride elimination to generate the Pd-coordinated cycloalkene that undergoes stereoselective C-O cyclization, and subsequent β-hydride elimination to provide bicyclic unsaturated lactones. The broad generality of this reaction has been highlighted via dehydrogenative lactonization of mid to macro ring containing acids along with the C-H olefination reaction with olefin and allyl alcohol. The method substantially simplifies the synthesis of important bicyclic lactones that are important features of natural products as well as pharmacoactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Tanay Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Astam Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Chitrala Teja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Suparna Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Haibo Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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5
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Dutta A, Jeganmohan M. Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Spirocyclization of Alkyl Amides with Maleimides via β-C(sp 3)-H Activation. Org Lett 2023; 25:6305-6310. [PMID: 37606577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of bicyclic spirodiamine molecules via β-C(sp3)-H bond activation of aliphatic amides, followed by cyclization with maleimides, has been developed. The reaction proceeds through an amide-directed β-C(sp3)-H bond activation of alkyl amides and subsequent cyclization with maleimides. The methodology is highly compatible with a wide variety of maleimides. Amides derived from biologically active aliphatic and fatty acids were also found to be highly compatible with the protocol. A palladacycle was synthesized and found to be the active intermediate in this reaction. A plausible reaction mechanism was also proposed to account for this spirocyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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6
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Li H, Yin C, Liu S, Tu H, Lin P, Chen J, Su W. Multiple remote C(sp 3)-H functionalizations of aliphatic ketones via bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyzed successive dehydrogenation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13843-13850. [PMID: 36544736 PMCID: PMC9710215 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dehydrogenation-triggered multiple C(sp3)-H functionalizations at remote positions γ, δ or ε, ζ to carbonyl groups of aliphatic ketones with aryl/alkenyl carboxylic acids as coupling partners have been achieved using a bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyst system. This reaction allows access to alkenylated isocoumarins and their derivatives in generally good yields with high functional group tolerance. The identification of bimetallic Cu-Pd synergistic catalysis for efficient successive dehydrogenation of aliphatic ketones, which overcomes the long-standing challenge posed by the successive dehydrogenation desaturation of terminally unsubstituted alkyl chains in aliphatic ketones, is essential to achieving this bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyzed dehydrogenation coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Chang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350002China
| | - Sien Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Hua Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
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7
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Wang Y, Xu X, Pang B, Hao L, Wu G, Ji Y. Ligand-Enabled Sequential C(sp 3)-H and C(sp 2)-H Diolefination Reaction via Palladium Catalyst. Org Lett 2022; 24:6734-6739. [PMID: 36073970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed sequential C(sp3)-H and C(sp2)-H bond diolefination reaction of o-toluidine has been realized for the first time using acetyl-protected aminoethyl phenyl thioether ligands. This novel reaction allows for preparation of the conjugated diene structure via an immediate second olefination on the basis of the first C(sp3)-H olefination in one pot. Various triflyl-protected anilines and acrylates were used as coupling partners elegantly. Furthermore, the unpurified diolefination products can be easily converted to tetrahydroquinoline derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghan Pang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Hao
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaorong Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Ji
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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8
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Das J, Pal T, Ali W, Sahoo SR, Maiti D. Pd-Catalyzed Dual-γ-1,1-C(sp 3)–H Activation of Free Aliphatic Acids with Allyl–O Moieties. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Tanay Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sumeet Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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9
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Shahid M, Banakar VB, Ganesh PSKP, Gopinath P. Transition‐metal Catalyzed Remote C(sp3)‐H functionalization of carboxylic acid and its derivative. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shahid
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati Chemistry INDIA
| | | | | | - Purushothaman Gopinath
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Chemistry Karkambadi Road 517507 Tirupati INDIA
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10
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Logeswaran R, Jeganmohan M. Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed, Chelation‐Assisted C−H Alkenylation and Allylation of Organic Molecules with Unactivated Alkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Abstract
Catalyst-controlled site-selective activation of β- and γ-methylene C-H bonds of free carboxylic acids is a long-standing challenge. Here we show that with a pair of palladium catalysts assembled with quinoline-pyridone ligands of different chelate ring sizes, it is possible to perform highly site-selective monolactonization reactions with a wide range of dicarboxylic acids, generating structurally diverse and synthetically useful γ- and δ-lactones via site-selective β- or γ-methylene C-H activation. The remaining carboxyl group serves as a versatile linchpin for further synthetic applications as demonstrated by the total synthesis of two natural products, myrotheciumone A and pedicellosine, from abundant dicarboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hau Sun Sam Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ji-Min Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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12
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju S. Thombal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Yuosef M. Rubio
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | | | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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14
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Li YH, Ouyang Y, Chekshin N, Yu JQ. Pd II-Catalyzed Site-selective β- and γ-C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Primary Aldehydes Controlled by Transient Directing Groups. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4727-4733. [PMID: 35286807 PMCID: PMC9084563 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pd(II)-catalyzed site-selective β- and γ-C(sp3)-H arylation of primary aldehydes is developed by rational design of L,X-type transient directing groups (TDG). External 2-pyridone ligands are identified to be crucial for the observed reactivity. By minimizing the loading of acid additives, the ligand effect is enhanced to achieve high reactivities of the challenging primary aldehyde substrates. Site selectivity can be switched from the proximate to the relatively remote position by changing the bite angle of TDG to match the desired palladacycle size. Experimental and computational investigations support this rationale for designing TDG to potentially achieve remote site-selective C(sp3)-H functionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yuxin Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nikita Chekshin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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15
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Dutta S, Bhattacharya T, Geffers FJ, Bürger M, Maiti D, Werz DB. Pd-catalysed C-H functionalisation of free carboxylic acids. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2551-2573. [PMID: 35340865 PMCID: PMC8890104 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05392b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pd-catalysed C-H functionalisation of free carboxylic acids has drawn significant attention over the last few years due to the predominance of carboxylic acid moieties in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. But their coordinating ability was overlooked and masked by exogenous directing groups for a long time. Even other crucial roles of carboxylic acids as additives and steric inducers that directly influence the mode of a reaction have been widely neglected. This review aims to embrace all of the diverse aspects of carboxylic acids except additive and steric effects by concisely and systematically describing their versatile role in Pd-catalysed proximal and distal C-H activation reactions that could be implemented in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. In addition, the mechanistic perspectives along with several recent strategies developed in the last few years discussed here will serve as educational resources for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India https://www.dmaiti.com
| | - Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India https://www.dmaiti.com
| | - Finn J Geffers
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany https://www.werzlab.de
| | - Marcel Bürger
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany https://www.werzlab.de
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India https://www.dmaiti.com
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany https://www.werzlab.de
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16
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Babu SA, Aggarwal Y, Patel P, Tomar R. Diastereoselective palladium-catalyzed functionalization of prochiral C(sp 3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2612-2633. [PMID: 35113087 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlight the reported developments of the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation and functionalization of the inactive/unreactive prochiral C(sp3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. There exist numerous classical methods for generating contiguous stereogenic centers in a compound with a high degree of stereocontrol. Along similar lines, the Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided functionalization of inactive prochiral/diastereotopic C(sp3)-H bonds have been exploited to accomplish the stereoselective construction of stereo-arrays in organic compounds. We present a concise discussion on how specific strategies consisting of Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided C(sp3)-H functionalization have been utilized to generate two or more stereogenic centers in aliphatic and alicyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Yashika Aggarwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Pooja Patel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Radha Tomar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Font
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Moisés Gulías
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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18
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Wang Y, Xu X, Wu G, Pang B, Liao S, Ji Y. Ligand-Enabled C-H Olefination and Lactonization of Benzoic Acids and Phenylacetic Acids via Palladium Catalyst. Org Lett 2022; 24:821-825. [PMID: 35025521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel ligand propan-2-one O-(p-tolylcarbamoyl) oxime (L7) has been developed to promote C(sp2)-H olefination of benzoic acids and phenylacetic acids via a palladium catalyst. With the subsequent lactonization of the olefinated products through 1,4-addition, highly monoselective cyclic lactone products of benzofuranones and benzopyrones were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The DFT calculation demonstrated that the novel ligand propan-2-one O-(p-tolylcarbamoyl) oxime (L7) could improve the C-H activation reaction to give cyclic lactone products elegantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Gaorong Wu
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Binghan Pang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shaowen Liao
- Shanghai Jinli Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 108 Yuegong Road, Shanghai 201507, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Ji
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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19
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Abstract
Chiral carboxylic acids bearing an α-stereogenic center constitute the backbone of many natural products and therapeutic reagents as well as privileged chiral ligands and catalysts. Hence, it is not surprising that a large number of elegant catalytic asymmetric strategies have been developed toward the efficient synthesis of α-chiral carboxylic acids, such as α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids. In this review, the recent advances in asymmetric synthesis of α-stereogenic free carboxylic acids via organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis are summarized (mainly from 2010 to 2020). The content is organized by the reaction type of the carboxyl source involved, including asymmetric functionalization of substituted carboxylic acids, cyclic anhydrides, α-keto acids, substituted α,β-unsaturated acids and so on. We hope that this review will motivate further interest in catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral α-substituted carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Niu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Yi He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Jun-Bing Lin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
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20
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Liu B, Romine AM, Rubel CZ, Engle KM, Shi BF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed, Coordination-Assisted Functionalization of Nonactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14957-15074. [PMID: 34714620 PMCID: PMC8968411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed, coordination-assisted C(sp3)-H functionalization has revolutionized synthetic planning over the past few decades as the use of these directing groups has allowed for increased access to many strategic positions in organic molecules. Nonetheless, several challenges remain preeminent, such as the requirement for high temperatures, the difficulty in removing or converting directing groups, and, although many metals provide some reactivity, the difficulty in employing metals outside of palladium. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed, direct functionalization of nonactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by covering the literature since 2004 in order to demonstrate the current state-of-the-art methods as well as the current limitations. For clarity, this review has been divided into nine sections by the transition metal catalyst with subdivisions by the type of bond formation. Synthetic applications and reaction mechanism are discussed where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Andrew M. Romine
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Camille Z. Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States.,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
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21
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Barve BD, Kuo YH, Li WT. Pd-Catalyzed and ligand-enabled alkene difunctionalization via unactivated C-H bond functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12045-12057. [PMID: 34724518 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed and ligand-enabled C-H functionalization methods have emerged as a powerful approach for the preparation of therapeutically important motifs and complex natural products. Olefins, owing to their natural abundance, have been extensively employed for the formation of C-C and C-X bonds and the generation of various heterocycles. Traditionally, activated as well as starting materials with preinstalled functional groups, and also halide substrates under transition metal catalysis, have been employed for olefin difunctionalization. However, strategies for employing unactivated C-H bond functionalization to achieve alkene difunctionalization have rarely been explored. A possible solution to this challenge is the application of bulky ligands which enhances the reductive elimination pathway and inhibits β-hydride elimination to selectively yield difunctionalized alkene products. This feature article summarizes the utilization of unreactive C-H bonds in the Pd-catalyzed and ligand-enabled difunctionalization of alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji D Barve
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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22
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Abstract
The selective functionalization of C(sp3)−H bonds using transition‐metal catalysis is among the more attractive transformations of modern synthetic chemistry. In addition to its inherent atom economy, such reactions open unconventional retrosynthetic pathways that can streamline synthetic processes. However, the activation of intrinsically inert C(sp3)−H bonds, and the selection among very similar C−H bonds, represent highly challenging goals. In recent years there has been notable progress tackling these issues, especially with regard to the development of intermolecular reactions entailing the formation of C−C and C−heteroatom bonds. Conversely, the assembly of cyclic products from simple acyclic precursors using metal‐catalyzed C(sp3)−H bond activations has been less explored. Only recently has the number of reports on such annulations started to grow. Herein we give an overview of some of the more relevant advances in this exciting topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Font
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Moisés Gulías
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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23
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Abstract
Transition metal catalyzed C-H activation has developed a contemporary approach to the omnipresent area of retrosynthetic disconnection. Scientific researchers have been tempted to take the help of this methodology to plan their synthetic discourses. This paradigm shift has helped in the development of industrial units as well, making the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutical drugs step-economical. In the vast zone of C-H bond activation, the functionalization of proximal C-H bonds has gained utmost popularity. Unlike the activation of proximal C-H bonds, the distal C-H functionalization is more strenuous and requires distinctly specialized techniques. In this review, we have compiled various methods adopted to functionalize distal C-H bonds, mechanistic insights within each of these procedures, and the scope of the methodology. With this review, we give a complete overview of the expeditious progress the distal C-H activation has made in the field of synthetic organic chemistry while also highlighting its pitfalls, thus leaving the field open for further synthetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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24
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Ge Y, Chen X, Dong Y, Wang HN, Li Y, Chen G. Access to benzene-modified 2 nd generation strigolactams and GR24 by merging C-H olefination with decarboxylative Giese cyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7141-7146. [PMID: 34364308 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we reported an efficient and general synthetic route to assemble benzene-modified 2nd generation strigolactams and GR24. The key features of this synthesis include a palladium-catalyzed ortho-selective olefination of the commercially available substituted N-Boc phenylalanine and a decarboxylative Giese radical cyclization. The bioactivities of these compounds to stimulate the seed germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitic weed were also analysed. 2nd generation strigolactam 15f derived from para-OMe phenylalanine showed superior bioactivity to the original unsubstituted 15b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Abstract
Carboxylic acids are highly abundant in bioactive molecules. In this study, we describe the late-stage β-C(sp3)-H deuteration of free carboxylic acids. On the basis of the finding that C-H activation with our catalysts is reversible, the de-deuteration process was first optimized. The resulting method uses ethylenediamine-based ligands and can be used to achieve the desired deuteration when using a deuterated solvent. The reported method allows for the functionalization of a wide range of free carboxylic acids with diverse substitution patterns, as well as the late-stage deuteration of bioactive molecules and related frameworks and enables the functionalization of nonactivated methylene β-C(sp3)-H bonds for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Uttry
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sourjya Mal
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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26
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Das J, Mal DK, Maji S, Maiti D. Recent Advances in External-Directing-Group-Free C–H Functionalization of Carboxylic Acids without Decarboxylation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dibya Kanti Mal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suman Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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27
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Das A, Maji B. The Emergence of Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp 3 )-H Functionalization of Free Carboxylic Acids. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:397-408. [PMID: 33427411 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed directing group assisted C-H bond activation has emerged as a powerful tool in synthetic organic chemistry. However, only recently, among various directing groups, widely available carboxylate moiety is recognized as a versatile candidate for the regioselective transformations. Notably, palladium-catalyzed carboxylate directed C(sp3 )-H bond activation and diverse functionalization is highly challenging and has gained huge attention for its versatile applications. Mono- and bidentate ligands have proven to be useful for accelerating the C(sp3 )-H bond activation step, which helps to control reactivity and selectivity (including enantioselectivity). In this Minireview, we discuss the recent progress made in palladium-catalyzed C(sp3 )-H bond functionalization reactions for the construction of C-C and C-Heteroatom bonds with the direction of free carboxylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Das
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Biplab Maji
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia, West Bengal, India
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28
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Bhattacharya T, Ghosh A, Maiti D. Hexafluoroisopropanol: the magical solvent for Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3857-3870. [PMID: 34163654 PMCID: PMC8179444 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06937j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Among numerous solvents available for chemical transformations, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (popularly known as HFIP) has attracted enough attention of the scientific community in recent years. Several unique features of HFIP compared to its non-fluoro analogue isopropanol have helped this solvent to make a difference in various subdomains of organic chemistry. One such area is transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization reactions. While, on one side, HFIP is emerging as a green and sustainable deep eutectic solvent (DES), on the other side, a major proportion of Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization is heavily relying on this solvent. In particular, for distal aromatic C-H functionalizations, the exceptional impact of HFIP to elevate the yield and selectivity has made this solvent irreplaceable. Recent research studies have also highlighted the H-bond-donating ability of HFIP to enhance the chiral induction in Pd-catalyzed atroposelective C-H activation. This perspective aims to portray different shades of HFIP as a magical solvent in Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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29
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Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed functionalizations of inert C-H bonds to construct C-C bonds represent an ideal route in the synthesis of valuable organic molecules. Fine tuning of directing groups, catalysts and ligands has played a crucial role in selective C-H bond (sp2 or sp3) activation. Recent developments in these areas have assured a high level of regioselectivity in C-H olefination reactions. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in the oxidative olefination of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds with special emphasis on distal, atroposelective, non-directed sp2 and directed sp3 C-H olefination. The scope, limitation, and mechanism of various transition metal-catalysed olefination reactions have been described briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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30
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Mingo MM, Rodríguez N, Arrayás RG, Carretero JC. Remote C(sp 3)–H functionalization via catalytic cyclometallation: beyond five-membered ring metallacycle intermediates. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite impressive recent momentum gained in C(sp3)–H activation, achieving high regioselectivity in molecules containing different C–H bonds with similar high energy without abusing tailored substitution remains as one of the biggest challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Martínez Mingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodríguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Ramón Gómez Arrayás
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Juan C. Carretero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
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31
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Salazar CA, Flesch KN, Haines BE, Zhou PS, Musaev DG, Stahl SS. Tailored quinones support high-turnover Pd catalysts for oxidative C-H arylation with O 2. Science 2020; 370:1454-1460. [PMID: 33214286 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Palladium(II)-catalyzed carbon-hydrogen (C-H) oxidation reactions could streamline the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other complex organic molecules. Existing methods, however, commonly exhibit poor catalyst performance with high palladium (Pd) loading (e.g., 10 mole %) and a need for (super)stoichiometric quantities of undesirable oxidants, such as benzoquinone and silver(I) salts. The present study probes the mechanism of a representative Pd-catalyzed oxidative C-H arylation reaction and elucidates mechanistic features that undermine catalyst performance, including substrate-consuming side reactions and sequestration of the catalyst as an inactive species. Systematic tuning of the quinone cocatalyst overcomes these deleterious features. Use of 2,5-di-tert-butyl-p-benzoquinone enables efficient use of molecular oxygen as the oxidant, high reaction yields, and >1900 turnovers by the Pd catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase A Salazar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kaylin N Flesch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Brandon E Haines
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Philip S Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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32
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Ghiringhelli F, Uttry A, Ghosh KK, van Gemmeren M. Direct β- and γ-C(sp 3 )-H Alkynylation of Free Carboxylic Acids*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23127-23131. [PMID: 32898310 PMCID: PMC7756274 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study we report the identification of a novel class of ligands for palladium-catalyzed C(sp3 )-H activation that enables the direct alkynylation of free carboxylic acid substrates. In contrast to previous synthetic methods, no introduction/removal of an exogenous directing group is required. A broad scope of acids including both α-quaternary and challenging α-non-quaternary can be used as substrates. Additionally, the alkynylation in the distal γ-position is reported. Finally, this study encompasses preliminary findings on an enantioselective variant of the title transformation as well as synthetic applications of the products obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ghiringhelli
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfalische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Alexander Uttry
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfalische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Kiron Kumar Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfalische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfalische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ghiringhelli
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Alexander Uttry
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Kiron Kumar Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Manuel Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
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34
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Lin T, Gu Y, Qian P, Guan H, Walsh PJ, Mao J. Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of homoenolates and their higher homologues with unactivated alkyl bromides. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5638. [PMID: 33159055 PMCID: PMC7648641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic generation of homoenolates and their higher homologues has been a long-standing challenge. Like the generation of transition metal enolates, which have been used to great affect in synthesis and medicinal chemistries, homoenolates and their higher homologues have much potential, albeit largely unrealized. Herein, a nickel-catalyzed generation of homoenolates, and their higher homologues, via decarbonylation of readily available cyclic anhydrides has been developed. The utility of nickel-bound homoenolates and their higher homologues is demonstrated by cross-coupling with unactivated alkyl bromides, generating a diverse array of aliphatic acids. A broad range of functional groups is tolerated. Preliminary mechanistic studies demonstrate that: (1) oxidative addition of anhydrides by the catalyst is faster than oxidative addition of alkyl bromides; (2) nickel bound metallocycles are involved in this transformation and (3) the catalyst undergoes a single electron transfer (SET) process with the alkyl bromide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhi Lin
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yuanyun Gu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Pengcheng Qian
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Haixing Guan
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA.
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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35
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Das J, Guin S, Maiti D. Diverse strategies for transition metal catalyzed distal C(sp 3)-H functionalizations. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10887-10909. [PMID: 34094339 PMCID: PMC8162984 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04676k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal catalyzed C(sp3)-H functionalization is a rapidly growing field. Despite severe challenges, distal C-H functionalizations of aliphatic molecules by overriding proximal positions have witnessed tremendous progress. While usage of stoichiometric directing groups played a crucial role, reactions with catalytic transient directing groups or methods without any directing groups are gaining more attention due to their practicality. Various innovative strategies, slowly but steadily, circumvented issues related to remote functionalizations of aliphatic molecules. A systematic compilation has been presented here to provide insights into the recent developments and future challenges in the field. The Present perspective is expected to open up a new dimension and provide an avenue for deep insights into the distal C(sp3)-H functionalizations that could be applied routinely in various pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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36
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Wang YC, Huang YH, Tsai HC, Basha RS, Chou CM. Palladium-Catalyzed Proaromatic C(Alkenyl)–H Olefination: Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2020; 22:6765-6770. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chang Tsai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - R. Sidick Basha
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Kaohsiung, 700 Kaohsiung University Road,
Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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37
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Das J, Dolui P, Ali W, Biswas JP, Chandrashekar HB, Prakash G, Maiti D. A direct route to six and seven membered lactones via γ-C(sp 3)-H activation: a simple protocol to build molecular complexity. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9697-9702. [PMID: 34094235 PMCID: PMC8162128 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03144e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactones comprise a class of valuable compounds having biological as well as industrial importance. Development of a methodology to synthesize such molecules directly from readily available materials such as aliphatic carboxylic acid is highly desirable. Herein, we have reported synthesis of δ-lactones and ε-lactones via selective γ-C(sp3)–H activation. The γ-C–H bond containing aliphatic carboxylic acids provide six or seven membered lactones depending on the olefin partner in the presence of a palladium catalyst. A mechanistic investigation suggests that C–H activation is the rate-determining step. Further transformations of the lactones have been carried out to showcase the applicability of the present strategy. Six and seven membered lactones have been synthesized directly from readily available aliphatic acids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Pravas Dolui
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | | | | | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India .,Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative(WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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38
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Ghosh KK, Uttry A, Mondal A, Ghiringhelli F, Wedi P, van Gemmeren M. Ligand-Enabled γ-C(sp 3 )-H Olefination of Free Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12848-12852. [PMID: 32250014 PMCID: PMC7496353 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the ligand-enabled C-H activation/olefination of free carboxylic acids in the γ-position. Through an intramolecular Michael addition, δ-lactones are obtained as products. Two distinct ligand classes are identified that enable the challenging palladium-catalyzed activation of free carboxylic acids in the γ-position. The developed protocol features a wide range of acid substrates and olefin reaction partners and is shown to be applicable on a preparatively useful scale. Insights into the underlying reaction mechanism obtained through kinetic studies are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiron Kumar Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Alexander Uttry
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Arup Mondal
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Francesca Ghiringhelli
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Philipp Wedi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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39
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Park HS, Fan Z, Zhu RY, Yu JQ. Distal γ-C(sp 3 )-H Olefination of Ketone Derivatives and Free Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12853-12859. [PMID: 32385966 PMCID: PMC7494175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the distal γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of ketone derivatives and free carboxylic acids. Fine tuning of a previously reported imino-acid directing group and using the ligand combination of a mono-N-protected amino acid (MPAA) and an electron-deficient 2-pyridone were critical for the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of ketone substrates. In addition, MPAAs enabled the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of free carboxylic acids to form diverse six-membered lactones. Besides alkyl carboxylic acids, benzylic C(sp3 )-H bonds also could be functionalized to form 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structures in a single step from 2-methyl benzoic acid derivatives. The utility of these protocols was demonstrated in large scale reactions and diversification of the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefinated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ru-Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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40
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Zhan BB, Jiang MX, Shi BF. Late-stage functionalization of peptides via a palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)–H activation strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13950-13958. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06133f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the late-stage modification of peptides via palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)–H functionalization are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Zhan
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Meng-Xue Jiang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- Guangdong 529020
- China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
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