1
|
Yang J, Li J, Zhang X, Yang W, Jeong SY, Huang E, Liu B, Woo HY, Chen Z, Guo X. Functionalized Phenanthrene Imide-Based Polymers for n-Type Organic Thin-Film Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319627. [PMID: 38443313 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
High-performing n-type polymers are crucial for the advance of organic electronics field, however strong electron-deficient building blocks with optimized physicochemical properties for constructing them are still limited. The imide-functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with extended π-conjugated framework, high electron deficiency and good solubility serve as promising candidates for developing high-performance n-type polymers. Among the PAHs, phenanthrene (PhA) features a well-delocalized aromatic π-system with multiple modifiable active sites . However, the PhA-based imides are seldom studied, mainly attributed to the synthetic challenge. Herein, we report two functionalized PhAs, CPOI and CPCNI, by simultaneously incorporating imide with carbonyl or dicyanomethylene onto PhA. Notably, the dicyanomethylene-modified CPCNI exhibits a well stabilized LUMO energy level (-3.84 eV), attributed to the synergetic inductive effect from imide and cyano groups. Subsequently, based on CPOI and CPCNI, two polymers PCPOI-Tz and PCPCNI-Tz were developed. Applied to organic thin-film transistors, owing to the strong electron-deficiency of CPCNI, polymer PCPCNI-Tz shows an improved electron mobility and largely decreased threshold voltage compared with PCPOI-Tz. This work affords two structurally novel electron-deficient building blocks and highlights the effectiveness of dual functionalization of PhAs with strong electron-withdrawing groups for devising n-type polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Xiage Zhang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Enmin Huang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Zhicai Chen
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Department State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong, Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu K, Zheng W, Osella S, Qiu ZL, Böckmann S, Niu W, Meingast L, Komber H, Obermann S, Gillen R, Bonn M, Hansen MR, Maultzsch J, Wang HI, Ma J, Feng X. Cove-Edged Chiral Graphene Nanoribbons with Chirality-Dependent Bandgap and Carrier Mobility. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1026-1034. [PMID: 38117539 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have garnered significant interest due to their highly customizable physicochemical properties and potential utility in nanoelectronics. Besides controlling widths and edge structures, the inclusion of chirality in GNRs brings another dimension for fine-tuning their optoelectronic properties, but related studies remain elusive owing to the absence of feasible synthetic strategies. Here, we demonstrate a novel class of cove-edged chiral GNRs (CcGNRs) with a tunable chiral vector (n,m). Notably, the bandgap and effective mass of (n,2)-CcGNR show a distinct positive correlation with the increasing value of n, as indicated by theory. Within this GNR family, two representative members, namely, (4,2)-CcGNR and (6,2)-CcGNR, are successfully synthesized. Both CcGNRs exhibit prominently curved geometries arising from the incorporated [4]helicene motifs along their peripheries, as also evidenced by the single-crystal structures of the two respective model compounds (1 and 2). The chemical identities and optoelectronic properties of (4,2)- and (6,2)-CcGNRs are comprehensively investigated via a combination of IR, Raman, solid-state NMR, UV-vis, and THz spectroscopies as well as theoretical calculations. In line with theoretical expectation, the obtained (6,2)-CcGNR possesses a low optical bandgap of 1.37 eV along with charge carrier mobility of ∼8 cm2 V-1 s-1, whereas (4,2)-CcGNR exhibits a narrower bandgap of 1.26 eV with increased mobility of ∼14 cm2 V-1 s-1. This work opens up a new avenue to precisely engineer the bandgap and carrier mobility of GNRs by manipulating their chiral vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Silvio Osella
- Chemical and Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zhen-Lin Qiu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Böckmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Wenhui Niu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Laura Meingast
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Obermann
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Roland Gillen
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Janina Maultzsch
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Nanophotonics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle 06120 Germany
| |
Collapse
|