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Chen W, Gu T, Chen Q, Qu C, Zhang C, Hu Y, Xia R, Zhang Y, Wang M, Huang X, Li J, Shi C, Tian Z. Extracellular matrix remodelling and stiffening contributes to tumorigenesis of salivary carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma--A study based on patient-derived organoids. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:122. [PMID: 37393249 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is defined as a carcinoma that develops from benign pleomorphic adenoma (PA). Abnormally activated Androgen signaling pathway and amplification of HER-2/neu(ERBB-2) gene are known to be involved in CXPA tumorigenesis. Recent progress in tumour microenvironment research has led to identification that extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and increased stiffness act as critical contributing role in tumour carcinogenesis. This study examined ECM modifications to elucidate the mechanism underlying CXPA tumorigenesis. RESULTS PA and CXPA organoids were successfully established. Histological observation, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and whole-exome sequencing demonstrated that organoids recapitulated phenotypic and molecular characteristics of their parental tumours. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of organoids showed that differentially expressed genes are highly enriched in ECM-associated terms, implying that ECM alternations may be involved in carcinogenesis. Microscopical examination for surgical samples revealed that excessive hyalinized tissues were deposited in tumour during CXPA tumorigenesis. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that these hyalinized tissues were tumour ECM in nature. Subsequently, examination by picrosirius red staining, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and cross-linking analysis indicated that tumour ECM was predominantly composed of type I collagen fibers, with dense collagen alignment and an increased level of collagen cross-linking. IHC revealed the overexpression of COL1A1 protein and collagen-synthesis-related genes, DCN and IGFBP5 (p < 0.05). Higher stiffness of CXPA than PA was demonstrated by atomic force microscopy and elastic imaging analysis. We utilized hydrogels to mimic ECM with varying stiffness degrees in vitro. Compared with softer matrices (5Kpa), CXPA cell line and PA primary cells exhibited more proliferative and invasive phenotypes in stiffer matrices (50Kpa, p < 0.01). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of RNA-sequencing data revealed that AR and ERBB-2 expression was associated with TWIST1. Moreover, surgical specimens demonstrated a higher TWIST1 expression in CXPA over PA. After knocking down TWIST1 in CXPA cells, cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness were significantly inhibited (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Developing CXPA organoids provides a useful model for cancer biology research and drug screening. ECM remodelling, attributed to overproduction of collagen, alternation of collagen alignment, and increased cross-linking, leads to increased ECM stiffness. ECM modification is an important contributor in CXPA tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ting Gu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of ultrasound, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chuxiang Qu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chunye Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuhua Hu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ronghui Xia
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Chaoji Shi
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, P.R. China.
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Yang S, Hu H, Kung H, Zou R, Dai Y, Hu Y, Wang T, Lv T, Yu J, Li F. Organoids: The current status and biomedical applications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e274. [PMID: 37215622 PMCID: PMC10192887 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) miniaturized versions of organs or tissues that are derived from cells with stem potential and can self-organize and differentiate into 3D cell masses, recapitulating the morphology and functions of their in vivo counterparts. Organoid culture is an emerging 3D culture technology, and organoids derived from various organs and tissues, such as the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney, have been generated. Compared with traditional bidimensional culture, organoid culture systems have the unique advantage of conserving parental gene expression and mutation characteristics, as well as long-term maintenance of the function and biological characteristics of the parental cells in vitro. All these features of organoids open up new opportunities for drug discovery, large-scale drug screening, and precision medicine. Another major application of organoids is disease modeling, and especially various hereditary diseases that are difficult to model in vitro have been modeled with organoids by combining genome editing technologies. Herein, we introduce the development and current advances in the organoid technology field. We focus on the applications of organoids in basic biology and clinical research, and also highlight their limitations and future perspectives. We hope that this review can provide a valuable reference for the developments and applications of organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Haijie Hu
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Hengchung Kung
- Krieger School of Arts and SciencesJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ruiqi Zou
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yushi Dai
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yafei Hu
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianrun Lv
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Departments of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Departments of OncologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Fuyu Li
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
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Ishikawa T, Ogawa T, Shiihara M, Usubuchi H, Omori Y, Hirose K, Itoh T, Yoshida T, Nakanome A, Okoshi A, Higashi K, Ishii R, Rokugo M, Wakamori S, Okamura Y, Kinoshita K, Katori Y, Furukawa T. Salivary gland cancer organoids are valid for preclinical genotype-oriented medical precision trials. iScience 2023; 26:106695. [PMID: 37207275 PMCID: PMC10189274 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are heterogeneous tumors, and precision oncology represents a promising therapeutic approach; however, its impact on SGCs remains obscure. This study aimed to establish a translational model for testing molecular-targeted therapies by combining patient-derived organoids and genomic analyses of SGCs. We enrolled 29 patients, including 24 with SGCs and 5 with benign tumors. Resected tumors were subjected to organoid and monolayer cultures, as well as whole-exome sequencing. Organoid and monolayer cultures of SGCs were successfully established in 70.8% and 62.5% of cases, respectively. Organoids retained most histopathological and genetic profiles of their original tumors. In contrast, 40% of the monolayer-cultured cells did not harbor somatic mutations of their original tumors. The efficacy of molecular-targeted drugs tested on organoids depended on their oncogenic features. Organoids recapitulated the primary tumors and were useful for testing genotype-oriented molecular targeted therapy, which is valuable for precision medicine in patients with SGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Ishikawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takenori Ogawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shiihara
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hajime Usubuchi
- Department of Pathology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai 980-0873, Japan
| | - Yuko Omori
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirose
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Taito Itoh
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshida
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakanome
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akira Okoshi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Higashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishii
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masahiro Rokugo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shun Wakamori
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Okamura
- Tohoku University Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
- Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
| | - Kengo Kinoshita
- Tohoku University Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
- Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Information Sciences, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yukio Katori
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toru Furukawa
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Corresponding author
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Aoyama J, Nojima Y, Sano D, Hirai Y, Kijima N, Aizawa Y, Takada K, Hatano T, Takahashi H, Nishimura G, Oridate N. Effect of HER2-targeted therapy on PDX and PDX-derived organoids generated from HER2-positive salivary duct carcinoma. Head Neck 2023. [PMID: 37184432 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously established a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and PDX-derived organoids (PDXOs) for salivary duct carcinoma (SDC). Using these models, this study examined the therapeutic effect of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade on HER2-positive SDC. METHODS The therapeutic effect of lapatinib was assessed in SDC PDXOs with regards to cell growth, receptor/downstream signaling molecule expression, phosphorylation levels, and apoptosis. Effect of lapatinib treatment was evaluated in vivo in SDC PDX mice. RESULTS The siRNA knockdown of HER2 and lapatinib suppressed cell proliferation in SDC PDXOs. Lapatinib inhibited the phosphorylation of HER2 and its downstream targets, and induced apoptosis in SDC PDXOs. Lapatinib also significantly reduced tumor volumes compared with that of the control in SDC PDX mice. CONCLUSION For the first time, we demonstrated the efficacy of anti-HER2 therapy in HER2-positive SDC using preclinical models of SDC PDX and PDXO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Aoyama
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nojima
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuri Hirai
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Natsumi Kijima
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Aizawa
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takada
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Hatano
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takahashi
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Goshi Nishimura
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Oridate
- Department of Biology and Function in Head and Neck, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Aizawa Y, Takada K, Aoyama J, Sano D, Yamanaka S, Seki M, Kuze Y, Ramilowski JA, Okuda R, Ueno Y, Nojima Y, Inayama Y, Hatakeyama H, Hatano T, Takahashi H, Nishimura G, Fujii S, Suzuki Y, Taniguchi H, Oridate N. Establishment of experimental salivary gland cancer models using organoid culture and patient-derived xenografting. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 46:409-421. [PMID: 36538240 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Depending on its histological subtype, salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) may have a poor prognosis. Due to the scarcity of preclinical experimental models, its molecular biology has so far remained largely unknown, hampering the development of new treatment modalities for patients with these malignancies. The aim of this study was to generate experimental human SGC models of multiple histological subtypes using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and organoid culture techniques.
Methods
Tumor specimens from surgically resected SGCs were processed for the preparation of PDXs and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Specimens from SGC PDXs were also processed for PDX-derived organoid (PDXO) generation. In vivo tumorigenicity was assessed using orthotopic transplantation of SGC organoids. The pathological characteristics of each model were compared to those of the original tumors using immunohistochemistry. RNA-seq was used to analyze the genetic traits of our models.
Results
Three series of PDOs, PDXs and PDXOs of salivary duct carcinomas, one series of PDOs, PDXs and PDXOs of mucoepidermoid carcinomas and PDXs of myoepithelial carcinomas were successfully generated. We found that PDXs and orthotopic transplants from PDOs/PDXOs showed similar histological features as the original tumors. Our models also retained their genetic traits, i.e., transcription profiles, genomic variants and fusion genes of the corresponding histological subtypes.
Conclusion
We report the generation of SGC PDOs, PDXs and PDXOs of multiple histological subtypes, recapitulating the histological and genetical characteristics of the original tumors. These experimental SGC models may serve as a useful resource for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Aizawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Jun Aoyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Shoji Yamanaka
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahide Seki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuta Kuze
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Okuda
- Roche Innovation Center, Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yasuharu Ueno
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nojima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inayama
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hatakeyama
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Hatano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Goshi Nishimura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Taniguchi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Oridate
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
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Wang B, Gan J, Liu Z, Hui Z, Wei J, Gu X, Mu Y, Zang G. An organoid library of salivary gland tumors reveals subtype-specific characteristics and biomarkers. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:350. [PMID: 36527158 PMCID: PMC9758872 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02561-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) include a large group of rare neoplasms in the head and neck region, and the heterogeneous and overlapping features among the subtypes frequently make diagnostic difficulties. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity and overlap among the subtypes, and explore the subtype-specific diagnostic biomarkers. METHODS The tumor tissue and the adjacent normal tissue from the 6 most common types of SGTs were processed for organoid culture which only maintained tumor epithelial cells. Organoids were histologically evaluated based on phenotype markers, followed by transcriptional profiling using RNA-sequencing. The transcriptomic similarities and differences among the subtypes were analyzed by subtype consensus clustering and hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, by comparative transcriptional analysis for these 6 types of SGTs and the matched organoids, the potential diagnostic biomarkers from tumor epithelium were identified, in which two selected biomarkers were evaluated by qPCR and confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining using a tissue microarray. RESULTS We generated a biobank of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with 6 subtypes of SGTs, including 21 benign and 24 malignant SGTs. The PDOs recapitulated the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the parental tumors. The overlap in the cell types and the heterogenous growth patterns were observed in the different subtypes of organoids. Comparing the bulk tissues, the cluster analysis of the PDOs remarkably revealed the epithelial characteristics, and visualized the intrinsic relationship among these subtypes. Finally, the exclusive biomarkers for the 6 most common types of SGTs were uncovered by comparative analysis, and PTP4A1 was demonstrated as a useful diagnostic biomarker for mucoepidermoid carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS We established the first organoid biobank with multiple subtypes of SGTs. PDOs of SGTs recapitulate the morphological and transcriptional characteristics of the original tumors, which uncovers subtype-specific biomarkers and reveals the molecular distance among the subtype of SGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Gan
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyan Liu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixuan Hui
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Wei
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolian Gu
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Medical Bioscience, Building 6M, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, SE Sweden
| | - Yabing Mu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Medical Bioscience, Building 6M, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, SE Sweden
| | - Guangxiang Zang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjingbeijie 117, Shenyang City, 110051 People’s Republic of China
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Lassche G, van Boxtel W, Aalders TW, van Hooij O, van Engen - van Grunsven AC, Verhaegh GW, van Herpen CM, Schalken JA. Development and characterization of patient-derived salivary gland cancer organoid cultures. Oral Oncol 2022; 135:106186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zou S, Ye M, Zhang JA, Ji H, Chen Y, Zhu X. Establishment and genetically characterization of patient-derived xenograft models of cervical cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:191. [PMID: 36076209 PMCID: PMC9461207 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were established to reproduce the clinical situation of original cancers and have increasingly been applied to preclinical cancer research. Our study was designed to establish and genetically characterize cervical cancer PDX models. Methods A total of 91 fresh fragments obtained from 22 surgically resected cervical cancer tissues were subcutaneously engrafted into female NOD-SCID mice. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to assess whether the established PDX models conserved the histological features of original patient cervical cancer tissues. Moreover, a Venn diagram was applied to display the overlap of all mutations detected in whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from patient original cervical cancer (F0) and F2-, F3-PDX models. The whole exome sequencing (WES) and the “maftools” package were applied to determine the somatic mutations among primary cervical cancers and the established PDX models. Results Our study successfully developed a panel of cervical cancer PDX models and the latency time of cervical cancer PDX model establishment was variable with a progressive decrease as the passage number increased, with a mean time to initial growth of 94.71 days in F1 engraftment to 40.65 days in F3 engraftment. Moreover, the cervical cancer PDX models preserved the histological features of their original cervical cancer. WGS revealed that the genome of original cervical cancer was preserved with high fidelity in cervical cancer PDX models throughout the xenografting and passaging process. Furthermore, WES demonstrated that the cervical cancer PDX models maintained the majority somatic mutations of original cervical cancer, of which the KMT2D, LRP1B, NAV3, TP53, FAT1, MKI67 and PKHD1L1 genes were identified as the most frequently mutated genes. Conclusions The cervical cancer PDX models preserved the histologic and genetic characteristics of their original cervical cancer, which helped to gain a deeper insight into the genetic alterations and lay a foundation for further investigation of the molecular targeted therapy of cervical cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01342-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangwei Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-An Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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Jiang H, Kimura T, Hai H, Yamamura R, Sonoshita M. Drosophila as a toolkit to tackle cancer and its metabolism. Front Oncol 2022; 12:982751. [PMID: 36091180 PMCID: PMC9458318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.982751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most severe health problems worldwide accounting for the second leading cause of death. Studies have indicated that cancers utilize different metabolic systems as compared with normal cells to produce extra energy and substances required for their survival, which contributes to tumor formation and progression. Recently, the fruit fly Drosophila has been attracting significant attention as a whole-body model for elucidating the cancer mechanisms including metabolism. This tiny organism offers a valuable toolkit with various advantages such as high genetic conservation and similar drug response to mammals. In this review, we introduce flies modeling for cancer patient genotypes which have pinpointed novel therapeutic targets and drug candidates in the salivary gland, thyroid, colon, lung, and brain. Furthermore, we introduce fly models for metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cachexia. Diabetes mellitus and obesity are widely acknowledged risk factors for cancer, while cachexia is a cancer-related metabolic condition. In addition, we specifically focus on two cancer metabolic alterations: the Warburg effect and redox metabolism. Indeed, flies proved useful to reveal the relationship between these metabolic changes and cancer. Such accumulating achievements indicate that Drosophila offers an efficient platform to clarify the mechanisms of cancer as a systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Division of Biomedical Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taku Kimura
- Division of Biomedical Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Graduate school of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Han Hai
- Division of Biomedical Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryodai Yamamura
- Division of Biomedical Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ryodai Yamamura, ; Masahiro Sonoshita,
| | - Masahiro Sonoshita
- Division of Biomedical Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ryodai Yamamura, ; Masahiro Sonoshita,
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Yoon YJ, Kim D, Tak KY, Hwang S, Kim J, Sim NS, Cho JM, Choi D, Ji Y, Hur JK, Kim H, Park JE, Lim JY. Salivary gland organoid culture maintains distinct glandular properties of murine and human major salivary glands. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3291. [PMID: 35672412 PMCID: PMC9174290 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary glands that produce and secrete saliva, which is essential for lubrication, digestion, immunity, and oral homeostasis, consist of diverse cells. The long-term maintenance of diverse salivary gland cells in organoids remains problematic. Here, we establish long-term murine and human salivary gland organoid cultures. Murine and human salivary gland organoids express gland-specific genes and proteins of acinar, myoepithelial, and duct cells, and exhibit gland functions when stimulated with neurotransmitters. Furthermore, human salivary gland organoids are established from isolated basal or luminal cells, retaining their characteristics. Single-cell RNA sequencing also indicates that human salivary gland organoids contain heterogeneous cell types and replicate glandular diversity. Our protocol also enables the generation of tumoroid cultures from benign and malignant salivary gland tumor types, in which tumor-specific gene signatures are well-conserved. In this study, we provide an experimental platform for the exploration of precision medicine in the era of tissue regeneration and anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo-Jun Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwon Yong Tak
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seungyeon Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Suk Sim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Min Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dojin Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yongmi Ji
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Junho K Hur
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunki Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yol Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Mohtasham N, Mohajer Tehran F, Abbaszadeh H. Head and neck cancer organoids as a promising tool for personalized cancer therapy: A literature review. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e580. [PMID: 35387311 PMCID: PMC8973251 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Chemotherapy and targeted therapy are used in treating head and neck cancers (HNCs) either alone or in combination with surgery, especially in advanced tumors but these treatments have resulted in variable outcomes in different patients. This, along with the introduction of new therapies to improve the survival of patients makes it necessary to search for models that can predict the response to treatment among different patients. Organoids, as three‐dimensional culture models, have been studied more widely in non‐HNCs and to a lesser extent in HNCs as tools to predict treatment outcomes. We aimed to conduct a review to validate the use of organoids as a preclinical tool for the treatment of HNCs patients. Methods A comprehensive literature search was separately performed by both authors in PubMed and google scholar databases, using the following keywords: “organoid,” “head and neck cancer,” “personalized medicine,” “chemotherapy,” and “targeted therapy.” The articles published up to September 2021 were included in this review and selected according to a quality appraisal method. Results Examination of HNC‐derived organoids made in various studies showed that these organoids had the ability to recapitulate original tumor features, including histopathological properties, functional characteristics, and expression of molecular markers in almost all of the studies. Differential sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs similar to in vivo was observed in sensitivity testing. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression levels were different between organoids from different patients and EGFR expression level was found to correlate with the response to anti‐EGFR targeted therapy. A similar result was reported for organoids derived from salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Conclusion Since HNC‐derived organoids seem to recapitulate characteristics of original tumors and to show differential responses to different chemotherapy and targeted therapy agents, these organoids might have the potential to be used as preclinical prediction tools for the treatment of HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | | | - Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
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Lavareze L, Scarini JF, de Lima-souza RA, Emerick C, de Sá RS, Aquino IG, Fernandes PM, Gonçalves MT, Helms MN, Altemani A, Egal ESA, Mariano FV. Salivary gland cancer in the setting of tumor microenvironment: Translational routes for therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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