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Liu H, Jiang H, Liu X, Wang X. Physicochemical understanding of biomineralization by molecular vibrational spectroscopy: From mechanism to nature. Exploration (Beijing) 2023; 3:20230033. [PMID: 38264681 PMCID: PMC10742219 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The process and mechanism of biomineralization and relevant physicochemical properties of mineral crystals are remarkably sophisticated multidisciplinary fields that include biology, chemistry, physics, and materials science. The components of the organic matter, structural construction of minerals, and related mechanical interaction, etc., could help to reveal the unique nature of the special mineralization process. Herein, the paper provides an overview of the biomineralization process from the perspective of molecular vibrational spectroscopy, including the physicochemical properties of biomineralized tissues, from physiological to applied mineralization. These physicochemical characteristics closely to the hierarchical mineralization process include biological crystal defects, chemical bonding, atomic doping, structural changes, and content changes in organic matter, along with the interface between biocrystals and organic matter as well as the specific mechanical effects for hardness and toughness. Based on those observations, the special physiological properties of mineralization for enamel and bone, as well as the possible mechanism of pathological mineralization and calcification such as atherosclerosis, tumor micro mineralization, and urolithiasis are also reviewed and discussed. Indeed, the clearly defined physicochemical properties of mineral crystals could pave the way for studies on the mechanisms and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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Sofińska-Chmiel W, Goliszek M, Drewniak M, Nowicka A, Kuśmierz M, Adamczuk A, Malinowska P, Maciejewski R, Tatarczak-Michalewska M, Blicharska E. Chemical Studies of Multicomponent Kidney Stones Using the Modern Advanced Research Methods. Molecules 2023; 28:6089. [PMID: 37630341 PMCID: PMC10458485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Defining the kidney stone composition is important for determining a treatment plan, understanding etiology and preventing recurrence of nephrolithiasis, which is considered as a common, civilization disease and a serious worldwide medical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of multicomponent kidney stones. The identification methods such as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron microscopy with the EDX detector were presented. The studies by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were also carried out for better understanding of their chemical structure. The chemical mapping by the FTIR microscopy was performed to show the distribution of individual chemical compounds that constitute the building blocks of kidney stones. The use of modern research methods with a particular emphasis on the spectroscopic methods allowed for a thorough examination of the subject of nephrolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Goliszek
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Drewniak
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aldona Nowicka
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Kuśmierz
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Adamczuk
- Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Malinowska
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4 Str., 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Institute of Health Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Kostantynów 1 H Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tatarczak-Michalewska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Xie H, Wang R, Xie L, Wang X, Liu C. Study on the pathogenesis and prevention strategies of kidney stones based on GC-MS combined with metabolic pathway analysis. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2022; 36:e9387. [PMID: 36039746 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Most kidney stone composition analyses include organic compounds, and only few organic volatile compounds have been reported. METHODS In the present study, a novel approach for studying the pathogenesis and prevention of kidney stones was established. First, common organic volatile compounds were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in 137 kidney stone samples. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database and MetaboAnalyst 5.0 software were then used to analyze the metabolic pathways associated with the development of kidney stones. RESULTS The metabolic pathway analysis of the common component cholesterol revealed that two metabolic pathways, the steroid biosynthesis pathway and the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway, were closely associated with the formation of kidney stones. The pretreatment process for stone analysis, including the solvent type, solvent volume, and extraction time, was optimized to improve the detection efficiency. The calibration curve was y = 756 299x - 8 000 000, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9992, which was obtained over the concentration range of 10-500 μg ml-1 of cholesterol. The recovery values of cholesterol ranged from 93.34% to 94.67%, 96.98% to 99.23%, and 87.27% to 93.00% when spiked with 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 μg, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of no less than 3.18%. Finally, the content of common compounds was determined in 37 renal stone samples using the modified GC-MS method. CONCLUSIONS The common organic volatile compound in the kidney stone samples detected using GC-MS was cholesterol, and the steroid biosynthesis and primary bile acid biosynthesis pathways were determined to be closely associated with the formation of kidney stones. The GC-MS method for detecting cholesterol in kidney stones was optimized for efficiency and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linguo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Winnand P, Boernsen KO, Bodurov G, Lammert M, Hölzle F, Modabber A. Evaluation of electrolyte element composition in human tissue by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Sci Rep 2022; 12:16391. [PMID: 36180727 PMCID: PMC9525258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20825-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) enables the direct measurement of cell electrolyte concentrations. The utility of LIBS spectra in biomarker studies is limited because these studies rarely consider basic physical principles. The aim of this study was to test the suitability of LIBS spectra as an analytical method for biomarker assays and to evaluate the composition of electrolyte elements in human biomaterial. LIBS as an analytical method was evaluated by establishing KCl calibration curves to demonstrate linearity, by the correct identification of emission lines with corresponding reference spectra, and by the feasibility to use LIBS in human biomaterial, analyzing striated muscle tissues from the oral regions of two patients. Lorentzian peak fit and peak area calculations resulted in better linearity and reduced shot-to-shot variance. Correct quantitative measurement allowed for differentiation of human biomaterial between patients, and determination of the concentration ratios of main electrolytes within human tissue. The clinical significance of LIBS spectra should be evaluated using peak area rather than peak intensity. LIBS might be a promising tool for analyzing a small group of living cells. Due to linearity, specificity and robustness of the proposed analytical method, LIBS could be a component of future biomarker studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Winnand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - K Olaf Boernsen
- Advanced Osteotomy Tools AG, Wallstraße 6, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georgi Bodurov
- Advanced Osteotomy Tools AG, Wallstraße 6, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Lammert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali Modabber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Zhu W, Sun Z, Ye L, Zhang X, Xing Y, Zhu Q, Yang F, Jiang G, Chen Z, Chen K, Ma E, Wang L. Preliminary assessment of a portable Raman spectroscopy system for post-operative urinary stone analysis. World J Urol 2021; 40:229-235. [PMID: 34554297 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the reliability of a portable device that applies Raman spectroscopy at an excitation wavelength of 1064 nm for the post-operative analysis of urinary stone composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urinary stone samples were obtained post-operatively from 300 patients. All samples were analyzed by the portable Raman spectroscopy system at an excitation wavelength of 1064 nm as well as by infrared spectroscopy (IR), and the results were compared. RESULTS Both Raman spectroscopy and IR could detect multiple stone components, including calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, cystine, and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate. The results from 1064-nm Raman analysis matched those from IR analysis for 96.0% (288/300) of cases. Although IR detected multiple components within samples more often than Raman analysis (239 vs 131), the Raman analysis required less time to complete than IR data acquisition (5 min vs 30 min). CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results indicate that 1064-nm Raman spectroscopy can be applied in a portable and automated analytical system for rapid detection of urinary stone composition in the post-operative clinical setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trail Register ID: ChiCTR2000039810 (approved WHO primary register) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=63662 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Zhouna Sun
- Department of General Clinic, Community Health Service Center, Lianqian Street, Siming district, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Liefu Ye
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yifei Xing
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qingguo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Fengguang Yang
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Guosong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhaohui Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - En Ma
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361000, China.
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Alsharnoubi J, Nassef Y, Fahmy RF, Gamal M. Using LIBS as a diagnostic tool in pediatrics beta-thalassemia. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:957-63. [PMID: 32778983 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Beta-thalassemia major is a common inherited single-gene disorder. Thalassemic patients are at risk of changes in some important trace elements. To detect alteration of iron, copper, zinc, and calcium serum levels in beta-thalassemia major patients, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used. This study was conducted on 40 beta-thalassemia major and 40 healthy young patients (age: 12-18 years old; male:female = 1:1). Venous blood samples were collected from both groups and analyzed for the serum levels of iron, calcium, zinc, and copper by exposing the samples to LIBS. The intensities of the tested elements were detected using the Kestrel Spec computer software and analyzed with an SPSS 25 program. Thalassemic patients had significantly higher serum iron (p = < 0.001) and copper (p = < 0.005) while they had significantly lower serum zinc (p = < 0.005) and calcium (p= > 0.005) when compared with control. Also, thalassemic patients had significantly lower body weight and height as they were less than the 3rd percentile by 82.5% and p < 0.001. LIBS is a safe and efficient tool to detect alteration of some serum trace elements in beta-thalassemia patients.
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Cui X, Zhao Z, Zhang G, Chen S, Zhao Y, Lu J. Analysis and classification of kidney stones based on Raman spectroscopy. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9:4175-4183. [PMID: 30615745 PMCID: PMC6157795 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.004175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with kidney stones worldwide is increasing, and it is particularly important to facilitate accurate diagnosis methods. Accurate analysis of the type of kidney stones plays a crucial role in the patient's follow-up treatment. This study used microscopic Raman spectroscopy to analyze and classify the different mineral components present in kidney stones. There were several Raman changes observed for the different types of kidney stones and the four types were oxalates, phosphates, purines and L-cystine kidney stones. We then combined machine learning techniques with Raman spectroscopy. KNN and SVM combinations with PCA (PCA-KNN, PCA-SVM) methods were implemented to classify the same spectral data set. The results show the diagnostic accuracies are 96.3% for the PCA-KNN and PCA-SVM methods with high sensitivity (0.963, 0.963) and specificity (0.995,0.985). The experimental Raman spectra results of kidney stones show the proposed method has high classification accuracy. This approach can provide support for physicians making treatment recommendations to patients with kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cui
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, China
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zeyin Zhao
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, China
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Gejun Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, China
| | - Jiao Lu
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, China
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Castiglione V, Sacré PY, Cavalier E, Hubert P, Gadisseur R, Ziemons E. Raman chemical imaging, a new tool in kidney stone structure analysis: Case-study and comparison to Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201460. [PMID: 30075002 PMCID: PMC6075768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The kidney stone's structure might provide clinical information in addition to the stone composition. The Raman chemical imaging is a technology used for the production of two-dimension maps of the constituents' distribution in samples. We aimed at determining the use of Raman chemical imaging in urinary stone analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fourteen calculi were analyzed by Raman chemical imaging using a confocal Raman microspectrophotometer. They were selected according to their heterogeneous composition and morphology. Raman chemical imaging was performed on the whole section of stones. Once acquired, the data were baseline corrected and analyzed by MCR-ALS. Results were then compared to the spectra obtained by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS Raman chemical imaging succeeded in identifying almost all the chemical components of each sample, including monohydrate and dihydrate calcium oxalate, anhydrous and dihydrate uric acid, apatite, struvite, brushite, and rare chemicals like whitlockite, ammonium urate and drugs. However, proteins couldn't be detected because of the huge autofluorescence background and the small concentration of these poor Raman scatterers. Carbapatite and calcium oxalate were correctly detected even when they represented less than 5 percent of the whole stones. Moreover, Raman chemical imaging provided the distribution of components within the stones: nuclei were accurately identified, as well as thin layers of other components. Conversion of dihydrate to monohydrate calcium oxalate was correctly observed in the centre of one sample. The calcium oxalate monohydrate had different Raman spectra according to its localization. CONCLUSION Raman chemical imaging showed a good accuracy in comparison with infrared spectroscopy in identifying components of kidney stones. This analysis was also useful in determining the organization of components within stones, which help locating constituents in low quantity, such as nuclei. However, this analysis is time-consuming, making it more suitable for research studies rather than routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Castiglione
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU of Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre-Yves Sacré
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, VibraSante Hub, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Liège, Belgium
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU of Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Hubert
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, VibraSante Hub, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Liège, Belgium
| | - Romy Gadisseur
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU of Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Ziemons
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, VibraSante Hub, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Liège, Belgium
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