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Liao C, Li Z, Li F, Xu D, Jing J. Effect of nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism on inflammatory response in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cytokine 2023; 166:156207. [PMID: 37088001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms and the inflammatory responses in patients with 'fast-' and 'slow-' developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the main process, 190 patients with slow-developing COPD, 94 patients with fast-developing COPD and 105 healthy volunteers were selected for inclusion. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was detected using western-blot eNOS sites, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was detected through SNPshot. T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulator T (Treg) cells were detected via flow cytometry, and interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-2 were detected using a cytometric bead array. The final results and conclusions drawn from the tests suggest that Th17/Treg-mediated immune inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD, but whether it affects the development of COPD needs further investigation. Overall, COPD patients with a young age of onset, young age of smoking initiation and small body mass index, as well as COPD patients with CC at rs3729508 in the iNOS gene and non-GG at rs7830 in the eNOS gene, may be more likely to contract fast-developing COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Fengsen Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China.
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
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Calcaterra V, Nappi RE, Farolfi A, Tiranini L, Rossi V, Regalbuto C, Zuccotti G. Perimenstrual Asthma in Adolescents: A Shared Condition in Pediatric and Gynecological Endocrinology. Children 2022; 9:children9020233. [PMID: 35204953 PMCID: PMC8870409 DOI: 10.3390/children9020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a frequent medical condition in adolescence. The worsening of the most common symptoms perimenstrually is defined as perimenstrual asthma (PMA). The cause of PMA remains unclear, but a role for hormonal milieu is plausible. Data on PMA in adolescents are limited, and its management is not fully established. We aimed to discuss the PMA phenomenon in young females from pathophysiology to preventive strategies, focusing on the relationship with the hormonal pattern. The fluctuation of estrogens at ovulation and before menstruation and the progesterone secretion during the luteal phase and its subsequent withdrawal seem to be the culprits, because the deterioration of asthma is cyclical during the luteal phase and/or during the first days of the menstrual cycle. Conventional asthma therapies are not always effective for PMA. Preventive strategies may include innovative hormonal contraception. Even a possible beneficial effect of other hormonal treatments, including estrogens, progestogens, and androgens, as well as leukotriene receptor antagonists and explorative approach using microbial-directed therapy, is considered. The underlying mechanisms, through which sex-hormone fluctuations influence asthma symptoms, represent a challenge in the clinical management of such a distressing condition. Further studies focused on young females are mandatory to promote adolescent health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); (V.R.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rossella Elena Nappi
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.E.N.); (L.T.)
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Farolfi
- Department of Pediatrics, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); (V.R.); (G.Z.)
| | - Lara Tiranini
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.E.N.); (L.T.)
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Department of Pediatrics, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); (V.R.); (G.Z.)
| | - Corrado Regalbuto
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); (V.R.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
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Kern MR, Heinz A, Willems HE. School-Class Co-Ethnic and Immigrant Density and Current Smoking among Immigrant Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17020598. [PMID: 31963406 PMCID: PMC7013819 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the school-class is known to be an important setting for adolescent risk behavior, little is known about how the ethnic composition of a school-class impacts substance use among pupils with a migration background. Moreover, the few existing studies do not distinguish between co-ethnic density (i.e., the share of immigrants belonging to one’s own ethnic group) and immigrant density (the share of all immigrants). This is all the more surprising since a high co-ethnic density can be expected to protect against substance use by increasing levels of social support and decreasing acculturative stress, whereas a high immigrant density can be expected to do the opposite by facilitating inter-ethnic conflict and identity threat. This study analyses how co-ethnic density and immigrant density are correlated with smoking among pupils of Portuguese origin in Luxembourg. A multi-level analysis is used to analyze data from the Luxembourg Health Behavior in School-Aged Children study (N = 4268 pupils from 283 classes). High levels of co-ethnic density reduced current smoking. In contrast, high levels of immigrant density increased it. Thus, in research on the health of migrants, the distinction between co-ethnic density and immigrant density should be taken into account, as both may have opposite effects.
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Thacher JD, Schultz ES, Hallberg J, Hellberg U, Kull I, Thunqvist P, Pershagen G, Gustafsson PM, Melén E, Bergström A. Tobacco smoke exposure in early life and adolescence in relation to lung function. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:13993003.02111-2017. [PMID: 29748304 PMCID: PMC6003782 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02111-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with impaired lung function among young children, but less is known about long-term effects and the impact of adolescents' own smoking. We investigated the influence of maternal smoking during pregnancy, secondhand smoke exposure and adolescent smoking on lung function at age 16 years. The BAMSE (Barn/Child, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) birth cohort collected information on participants' tobacco smoke exposure through repeated questionnaires, and measured saliva cotinine concentrations at age 16 years. Participants performed spirometry and impulse oscillometry (IOS) at age 16 years (n=2295). Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio of −1.1% (95% CI −2.0 to −0.2%). IOS demonstrated greater resistance at 5–20 Hz (R5–20) in participants exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Adolescents who smoked had reduced FEV1/FVC ratios of −0.9% (95% CI −1.8 to −0.1%) and increased resistance of 6.5 Pa·L–1·s (95% CI 0.7 to 12.2 Pa·L–1·s) in R5–20. Comparable associations for FEV1/FVC ratio were observed for cotinine concentrations, using ≥12 ng·mL−1 as a cut-off for adolescent smoking. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with lower FEV1/FVC ratios and increased airway resistance. In addition, adolescent smoking appears to be associated with reduced FEV1/FVC ratios and increased peripheral airway resistance. Maternal smoking in utero and teenage smoking are associated with indices of airway obstruction at age 16 yearshttp://ow.ly/NwF030jFS2W
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Thacher
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erica S Schultz
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Hellberg
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Kull
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Thunqvist
- Sachs' Children's and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per M Gustafsson
- The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Dept of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.,These authors contributed equally
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Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease that has a significant impact quality of life, which is particularly important in adolescence. We will discuss aspects of epidemiology, the clinical spectrum, diagnostics, and management of asthma in adolescence. In particular, we will highlight the psychological implications of having asthma during this developmental period. Data published in the past 10 years, since we last reviewed the subject, will be the main focus of this paper. The care of the teenager with asthma should take into account the rapid physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes that occur during normal adolescence. The diagnostic process may be more difficult since teenagers tend to deny their illness. Thus, both under-diagnosis and under-assessment of asthma severity may lead to under-treatment and potentially avoidable morbidity and even mortality. Conversely, teenagers may be often misdiagnosed as having asthma or their asthma severity may be overestimated leading to inappropriate and sometimes excessive treatment. Educational programs, environmental avoidance measures, proper use of medications along with a skilled approach, and a caring attitude of health providers are all very important for successful management. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:129-138. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Bush
- Department of Pediatrics, Imperial College, London, UK.,Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.,Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Grao-Cruces A, Fernández-Martínez A, Nuviala A. Association of Fitness With Life Satisfaction, Health Risk Behaviors, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Adolescents. J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28:2164-72. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare physical activity and eating habits of adolescent smokers with those of adolescent non-smokers in South Korea. This was a secondary analysis of data collected from the 2012 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey. The sample included 72,229 adolescents aged 12 to 18. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between smoking status and physical activity and between smoking status and eating habits, while controlling for other factors. Boys and girls were analyzed separately for all analyses. The proportion of self-reporting smokers was 11%. Surprisingly, girl smokers exercised significantly more frequently than non-smokers. Adolescent smokers were significantly less likely to consume fruits, vegetables, and milk/dairy products, and they ate significantly more fast-food than non-smokers. Health care professionals who plan smoking cessation programs should pay attention to South Korean adolescents' specific characteristics and cultural values in terms of health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunjeong Yi
- Kyung-In Women's University, Incheon, South Korea
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