[Bilateral segmental neurofibromatosis simulating epidermal nevus]

Mosaic Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Systematic Review

Confusion is widespread regarding segmental or mosaic neurofibromatosis type 1 (MNF1). Physicians should use the same terms and be aware of its comorbidities and risks. The objective of the current study was to identify and synthesize data for cases of MNF1 published from 1977 to 2012 to better understand its significance and associations. After a literature search in PubMed, we reviewed all available relevant articles and abstracted and synthetized the relevant clinical data about manifestations, associated findings, family history and genetic testing. We identified 111 articles reporting 320 individuals. Most had pigmentary changes or neurofibromas only. Individuals with pigmentary changes alone were identified at a younger age. Seventy-six percent had localized MNF1 restricted to one segment; the remainder had generalized MNF1. Of 157 case reports, 29% had complications associated with NF1. In one large case series, 6.5% had offspring with complete NF1. The terms "segmental" and "type V" neurofibromatosis should be abandoned, and the correct term, mosaic NF1 (MNF1), should be used. All individuals with suspected MNF1 should have a complete physical examination, genetic testing of blood and skin, counseling, and health surveillance.

Multiple Myofibromas and an Epidermal Verrucous Nevus in a Child with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurocutaneous autosomal dominant genetic disorder affecting primarily tissues derived from the embryonic neural crest. Two hallmark features of NF1 are the wide range of potentially affected tissues and the enormous phenotypic variability of disease traits even among patients from the same family. We present a boy fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for NF1 with two unusual lesions: infantile myofibromatosis and a verrucous epidermal nevus. To our knowledge this association has never been described before.