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Chowdhury S, Bansal S, Jha SK, Saharan MS, M N, K R, Choudhary MK, Agarwal P, Mallick N, Vinod. Characterization and identification of sources of rust resistance in Triticum militinae derivatives. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9408. [PMID: 38658671 PMCID: PMC11043457 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Triticum militinae (2n = 4X = 28, AtAtGG), belonging to the secondary gene pool of wheat, is known to carry resistance to many diseases. Though some disease resistance genes were reported from T. timopheevii, the closest wild relative of T. militinae, there are no reports from T. militinae. Twenty-one T. militinae Derivatives (TMD lines) developed at the Division of Genetics, IARI, New Delhi, were evaluated for leaf and stripe rusts at seedling and adult plant stages. Eight TMD lines (6-4, 6-5, 11-6, 12-4, 12-8, 12-12, 13-7 and 13-9) showed seedling resistance to both leaf and stripe rusts while six TMD lines (7-5, 7-6, 11-5, 13-1, 13-3 and 13-4) showed seedling resistance to leaf rust but adult plant resistance to stripe rust and three TMD lines (9-1, 9-2 and 15) showed seedling resistance to leaf rust but susceptibility to stripe rust. Three TMD lines (2-7, 2-8 and 6-1) with adult plant resistance to leaf and stripe rusts were found to carry the known gene Lr34/Yr18. Ten TMD lines (7-5, 7-6, 9-1, 9-2, 11-5, 11-6, 12-12, 12-4, 12-8, and 15) with seedling resistance to leaf rust, showing absence of known genes Lr18 and Lr50 with linked markers requires further confirmation by the test of allelism studies. As not a single stripe rust resistance gene has been reported from T. militinae or its close relative T. timpopheevii, all the 8 TMD lines (6-4, 6-5, 11-6,12-4, 12-8, 12-12, 13-7 and 13-9) identified of carrying seedling resistance to stripe rust and 3 TMD lines (13-1, 13-3 and 13-4) identified of carrying adult plant resistance to stripe rust are expected to carry unknown genes. Also, all the TMD lines were found to be cytologically stable and thus can be used in inheritance and mapping studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Chowdhury
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shreshtha Bansal
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shailendra K Jha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - M S Saharan
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Niranjana M
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Raghunandan K
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manish K Choudhary
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Priyanka Agarwal
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Niharika Mallick
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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2
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Grewal S, Yang CY, Scholefield D, Ashling S, Ghosh S, Swarbreck D, Collins J, Yao E, Sen TZ, Wilson M, Yant L, King IP, King J. Chromosome-scale genome assembly of bread wheat's wild relative Triticum timopheevii. Sci Data 2024; 11:420. [PMID: 38653999 PMCID: PMC11039740 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the most important food crops with an urgent need for increase in its production to feed the growing world. Triticum timopheevii (2n = 4x = 28) is an allotetraploid wheat wild relative species containing the At and G genomes that has been exploited in many pre-breeding programmes for wheat improvement. In this study, we report the generation of a chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of T. timopheevii accession PI 94760 based on PacBio HiFi reads and chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C). The assembly comprised a total size of 9.35 Gb, featuring a contig N50 of 42.4 Mb and included the mitochondrial and plastid genome sequences. Genome annotation predicted 166,325 gene models including 70,365 genes with high confidence. DNA methylation analysis showed that the G genome had on average more methylated bases than the At genome. In summary, the T. timopheevii genome assembly provides a valuable resource for genome-informed discovery of agronomically important genes for food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Grewal
- Wheat Research Centre, Department of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Cai-Yun Yang
- Wheat Research Centre, Department of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Duncan Scholefield
- Wheat Research Centre, Department of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Stephen Ashling
- Wheat Research Centre, Department of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Sreya Ghosh
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - David Swarbreck
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Joanna Collins
- Genome Reference Informatics Team, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1RQ, UK
| | - Eric Yao
- University of California, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA, 94710, USA
| | - Taner Z Sen
- University of California, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA, 94710, USA
| | - Michael Wilson
- University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Levi Yant
- University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ian P King
- Wheat Research Centre, Department of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Julie King
- Wheat Research Centre, Department of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
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Leber R, Heuberger M, Widrig V, Jung E, Paux E, Keller B, Sánchez-Martín J. A diverse panel of 755 bread wheat accessions harbors untapped genetic diversity in landraces and reveals novel genetic regions conferring powdery mildew resistance. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:88. [PMID: 38532180 PMCID: PMC10965746 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A bread wheat panel reveals rich genetic diversity in Turkish, Pakistani and Iranian landraces and novel resistance loci to diverse powdery mildew isolates via subsetting approaches in association studies. Wheat breeding for disease resistance relies on the availability and use of diverse genetic resources. More than 800,000 wheat accessions are globally conserved in gene banks, but they are mostly uncharacterized for the presence of resistance genes and their potential for agriculture. Based on the selective reduction of previously assembled collections for allele mining for disease resistance, we assembled a trait-customized panel of 755 geographically diverse bread wheat accessions with a focus on landraces, called the LandracePLUS panel. Population structure analysis of this panel based on the TaBW35K SNP array revealed an increased genetic diversity compared to 632 landraces genotyped in an earlier study and 17 high-quality sequenced wheat accessions. The additional genetic diversity found here mostly originated from Turkish, Iranian and Pakistani landraces. We characterized the LandracePLUS panel for resistance to ten diverse isolates of the fungal pathogen powdery mildew. Performing genome-wide association studies and dividing the panel further by a targeted subsetting approach for accessions of distinct geographical origin, we detected several known and already cloned genes, including the Pm2a gene. In addition, we identified 22 putatively novel powdery mildew resistance loci that represent useful sources for resistance breeding and for research on the mildew-wheat pathosystem. Our study shows the value of assembling trait-customized collections and utilizing a diverse range of pathogen races to detect novel loci. It further highlights the importance of integrating landraces of different geographical origins into future diversity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Leber
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Heuberger
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Widrig
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Spanish-Portuguese Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Esther Jung
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Paux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- VetAgro Sup Campus Agronomique, 63370, Lempdes, France
| | - Beat Keller
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Javier Sánchez-Martín
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Spanish-Portuguese Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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Lin M, Islamov B, Aleliūnas A, Armonienė R, Gorash A, Meigas E, Ingver A, Tamm I, Kollist H, Strazdiņa V, Bleidere M, Brazauskas G, Lillemo M. Genome-wide association analysis identifies a consistent QTL for powdery mildew resistance on chromosome 3A in Nordic and Baltic spring wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:25. [PMID: 38240841 PMCID: PMC10799116 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE QPm.NOBAL-3A is an important QTL providing robust adult plant powdery mildew resistance in Nordic and Baltic spring wheat, aiding sustainable crop protection and breeding. Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, poses a significant threat to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the world's most crucial cereal crops. Enhancing cultivar resistance against this devastating disease requires a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of powdery mildew resistance. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using extensive field trial data from multiple environments across Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Norway. The study involved a diverse panel of recent wheat cultivars and breeding lines sourced from the Baltic region and Norway. We identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 3A, designated as QPm.NOBAL-3A, which consistently conferred high resistance to powdery mildew across various environments and countries. Furthermore, the consistency of the QTL haplotype effect was validated using an independent Norwegian spring wheat panel. Subsequent greenhouse seedling inoculations with 15 representative powdery mildew isolates on a subset of the GWAS panel indicated that this QTL provides adult plant resistance and is likely of race non-specific nature. Moreover, we developed and validated KASP markers for QPm.NOBAL-3A tailored for use in breeding. These findings provide a critical foundation for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs aimed at pyramiding resistance QTL/genes to achieve durable and broad-spectrum resistance against powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Post Box 5003, NO-1432, ÅS, Norway
| | - Bulat Islamov
- Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge, J. Aamisepa 1, Jõgeva Alevik, 48309, Jõgeva Maakond, Estonia
| | - Andrius Aleliūnas
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 58344, Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Rita Armonienė
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 58344, Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Andrii Gorash
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 58344, Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Egon Meigas
- Institute of Bioengineering, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Ingver
- Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge, J. Aamisepa 1, Jõgeva Alevik, 48309, Jõgeva Maakond, Estonia
| | - Ilmar Tamm
- Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge, J. Aamisepa 1, Jõgeva Alevik, 48309, Jõgeva Maakond, Estonia
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Bioengineering, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vija Strazdiņa
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Zinatnes Iela 2, Cesis County, 4126, Latvia
| | - Māra Bleidere
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Zinatnes Iela 2, Cesis County, 4126, Latvia
| | - Gintaras Brazauskas
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 58344, Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Morten Lillemo
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Post Box 5003, NO-1432, ÅS, Norway.
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Kaur R, Vasistha NK, Ravat VK, Mishra VK, Sharma S, Joshi AK, Dhariwal R. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Powdery Mildew Resistance Loci in Bread Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3864. [PMID: 38005757 PMCID: PMC10675159 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM), caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), significantly threatens global bread wheat production. Although the use of resistant cultivars is an effective strategy for managing PM, currently available wheat cultivars lack sufficient levels of resistance. To tackle this challenge, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a diverse panel of 286 bread wheat genotypes. Over three consecutive years (2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023), these genotypes were extensively evaluated for PM severity under field conditions following inoculation with virulent Bgt isolates. The panel was previously genotyped using the Illumina 90K Infinium iSelect assay to obtain genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker coverage. By applying FarmCPU, a multilocus mixed model, we identified a total of 113 marker-trait associations (MTAs) located on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, 6B, 7A, and 7B at a significance level of p ≤ 0.001. Notably, four novel MTAs on chromosome 6B were consistently detected in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. Furthermore, within the confidence intervals of the identified SNPs, we identified 96 candidate genes belonging to different proteins including 12 disease resistance/host-pathogen interaction-related protein families. Among these, protein kinases, leucine-rich repeats, and zinc finger proteins were of particular interest due to their potential roles in PM resistance. These identified loci can serve as targets for breeding programs aimed at developing disease-resistant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Genetics-Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Sigh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Vasistha
- Department of Genetics-Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Sigh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Itanagar 791112, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Ravat
- Department of Plant Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Itanagar 791112, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Mishra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arun Kumar Joshi
- Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Regional Office, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Raman Dhariwal
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1 Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
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Wang B, Meng T, Xiao B, Yu T, Yue T, Jin Y, Ma P. Fighting wheat powdery mildew: from genes to fields. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:196. [PMID: 37606731 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Host resistance conferred by Pm genes provides an effective strategy to control powdery mildew. The study of Pm genes helps modern breeding develop toward more intelligent and customized. Powdery mildew of wheat is one of the most destructive diseases seriously threatening the crop yield and quality worldwide. The genetic research on powdery mildew (Pm) resistance has entered a new era. Many Pm genes from wheat and its wild and domesticated relatives have been mined and cloned. Meanwhile, modern breeding strategies based on high-throughput sequencing and genome editing are emerging and developing toward more intelligent and customized. This review highlights mining and cloning of Pm genes, molecular mechanism studies on the resistance and avirulence genes, and prospects for genomic-assisted breeding for powdery mildew resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Ting Meng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Bei Xiao
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Tianying Yu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Tingyan Yue
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yuli Jin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Korchanová Z, Švec M, Janáková E, Lampar A, Majka M, Holušová K, Bonchev G, Juračka J, Cápal P, Valárik M. Identification, High-Density Mapping, and Characterization of New Major Powdery Mildew Resistance Loci From the Emmer Wheat Landrace GZ1. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:897697. [PMID: 35646009 PMCID: PMC9141293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat which significantly decreases yield and quality. Identification of new sources of resistance and their implementation in breeding programs is the most effective way of disease control. Two major powdery mildew resistance loci conferring resistance to all races in seedling and adult plant stages were identified in the emmer wheat landrace GZ1. Their positions, effects, and transferability were verified using two linkage maps (1,510 codominant SNP markers) constructed from two mapping populations (276 lines in total) based on the resistant GZ1 line. The dominant resistance locus QPm.GZ1-7A was located in a 90 cM interval of chromosome 7AL and explains up to 20% of the trait variation. The recessive locus QPm.GZ1-2A, which provides total resistance, explains up to 40% of the trait variation and was located in the distal part of chromosome 2AL. The locus was saturated with 14 PCR-based markers and delimited to a 0.99 cM region which corresponds to 4.3 Mb of the cv. Zavitan reference genome and comprises 55 predicted genes with no apparent candidate for the QPm.GZ1-2A resistance gene. No recessive resistance gene or allele was located at the locus before, suggesting the presence of a new powdery mildew resistance gene in the GZ1. The mapping data and markers could be used for the implementation of the locus in breeding. Moreover, they are an ideal base for cloning and study of host-pathogen interaction pathways determined by the resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Korchanová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Švec
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Janáková
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Adam Lampar
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Maciej Majka
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kateřina Holušová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Georgi Bonchev
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jakub Juračka
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Cápal
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Valárik
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
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King J, Grewal S, Othmeni M, Coombes B, Yang CY, Walter N, Ashling S, Scholefield D, Walker J, Hubbart-Edwards S, Hall A, King IP. Introgression of the Triticum timopheevii Genome Into Wheat Detected by Chromosome-Specific Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR Markers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:919519. [PMID: 35720607 PMCID: PMC9198554 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Triticum timopheevii (2n = 28, A t A t GG) is a tetraploid wild relative species with great potential to increase the genetic diversity of hexaploid wheat Triticum aestivum (2n = 42, AABBDD) for various important agronomic traits. A breeding scheme that propagated advanced backcrossed populations of wheat-T. timopheevii introgression lines through further backcrossing and self-fertilisation resulted in the generation of 99 introgression lines (ILs) that carried 309 homozygous segments from the A t and G subgenomes of T. timopheevii. These introgressions contained 89 and 74 unique segments from the A t and G subgenomes, respectively. These overlapping segments covered 98.9% of the T. timopheevii genome that has now been introgressed into bread wheat cv. Paragon including the entirety of all T. timopheevii chromosomes via varying sized segments except for chromosomes 3A t , 4G, and 6G. Homozygous ILs contained between one and eight of these introgressions with an average of three per introgression line. These homozygous introgressions were detected through the development of a set of 480 chromosome-specific Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers that are well-distributed across the wheat genome. Of these, 149 were developed in this study based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) discovered through whole genome sequencing of T. timopheevii. A majority of these KASP markers were also found to be T. timopheevii subgenome specific with 182 detecting A t subgenome and 275 detecting G subgenome segments. These markers showed that 98% of the A t segments had recombined with the A genome of wheat and 74% of the G genome segments had recombined with the B genome of wheat with the rest recombining with the D genome of wheat. These results were validated through multi-colour in situ hybridisation analysis. Together these homozygous wheat-T. timopheevii ILs and chromosome-specific KASP markers provide an invaluable resource to wheat breeders for trait discovery to combat biotic and abiotic stress factors affecting wheat production due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie King
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Julie King,
| | - Surbhi Grewal
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Surbhi Grewal,
| | - Manel Othmeni
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Cai-yun Yang
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Walter
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Ashling
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Scholefield
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Walker
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Stella Hubbart-Edwards
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian Phillip King
- Nottingham BBSRC Wheat Research Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Hinterberger V, Douchkov D, Lück S, Kale S, Mascher M, Stein N, Reif JC, Schulthess AW. Mining for New Sources of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Genetic Resources of Winter Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:836723. [PMID: 35300015 PMCID: PMC8922026 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Genetic pathogen control is an economical and sustainable alternative to the use of chemicals. In order to breed resistant varieties, information about potentially unused genetic resistance mechanisms is of high value. We phenotyped 8,316 genotypes of the winter wheat collection of the German Federal ex situ gene bank for Agricultural and Horticultural Crops, Germany, for resistance to powdery mildew (PM), Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, one of the most important biotrophic pathogens in wheat. To achieve this, we used a semi-automatic phenotyping facility to perform high-throughput detached leaf assays. This data set, combined with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) marker data, was used to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Alleles of significantly associated markers were compared with SNP profiles of 171 widely grown wheat varieties in Germany to identify currently unexploited resistance conferring genes. We also used the Chinese Spring reference genome annotation and various domain prediction algorithms to perform a domain enrichment analysis and produced a list of candidate genes for further investigation. We identified 51 significantly associated regions. In most of these, the susceptible allele was fixed in the tested commonly grown wheat varieties. Eleven of these were located on chromosomes for which no resistance conferring genes have been previously reported. In addition to enrichment of leucine-rich repeats (LRR), we saw enrichment of several domain types so far not reported as relevant to PM resistance, thus, indicating potentially novel candidate genes for the disease resistance research and prebreeding in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitar Douchkov
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Stefanie Lück
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Sandip Kale
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jochen C. Reif
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Albert W. Schulthess
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
- *Correspondence: Albert W. Schulthess
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Desiderio F, Bourras S, Mazzucotelli E, Rubiales D, Keller B, Cattivelli L, Valè G. Characterization of the Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust Carried by the Bread Wheat Cultivar Victo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063109. [PMID: 33803699 PMCID: PMC8003046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf rust and powdery mildew are two important foliar diseases in wheat. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, obtained by crossing two bread wheat cultivars (‘Victo’ and ‘Spada’), was evaluated for resistance to the two pathogens at seedling stage. Upon developing a genetic map of 8726 SNP loci, linkage analysis identified three resistance Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs), with ‘Victo’ contributing the resistant alleles to all loci. One major QTL (QPm.gb-7A) was detected in response to Blumeria graminis on chromosome 7A, which explained 90% of phenotypic variation (PV). The co-positional relationship with known powdery mildew (Pm) resistance loci suggested that a new source of resistance was identified in T. aestivum. Two QTLs were detected in response to Puccinia triticina: a major gene on chromosome 5D (QLr.gb-5D), explaining a total PV of about 59%, and a minor QTL on chromosome 2B (QLr.gb-2B). A positional relationship was observed between the QLr.gb-5D with the known Lr1 gene, but polymorphisms were found between the cloned Lr1 and the corresponding ‘Victo’ allele, suggesting that QLr.gb-5D could represent a new functional Lr1 allele. Lastly, upon anchoring the QTL on the T. aestivum reference genome, candidate genes were hypothesized on the basis of gene annotation and in silico gene expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Desiderio
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy; (E.M.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0523-983758
| | - Salim Bourras
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.B.); (B.K.)
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75651 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabetta Mazzucotelli
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy; (E.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Diego Rubiales
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Beat Keller
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy; (E.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Giampiero Valè
- DiSIT—Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
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11
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Mapping Powdery Mildew ( Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) Resistance in Wild and Cultivated Tetraploid Wheats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217910. [PMID: 33114422 PMCID: PMC7662567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat is the most widely grown crop and represents the staple food for one third of the world’s population. Wheat is attacked by a large variety of pathogens and the use of resistant cultivars is an effective and environmentally safe strategy for controlling diseases and eliminating the use of fungicides. In this study, a collection of wild and cultivated tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum) were evaluated for seedling resistance (SR) and adult plant resistance (APR) to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and genotyped with a 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to identify new sources of resistance genes. The genome-wide association mapping detected 18 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for APR and 8 QTL for SR, four of which were identical or at least closely linked to four QTL for APR. Thirteen candidate genes, containing nucleotide binding sites and leucine-rich repeats, were localized in the confidence intervals of the QTL-tagging SNPs. The marker IWB6155, associated to QPm.mgb-1AS, was located within the gene TRITD1Av1G004560 coding for a disease resistance protein. While most of the identified QTL were described previously, five QTL for APR (QPm.mgb-1AS, QPm.mgb-2BS, QPm.mgb-3BL.1, QPm.mgb-4BL, QPm.mgb-7BS.1) and three QTL for SR (QPm.mgb-3BL.3, QPm.mgb-5AL.2, QPm.mgb-7BS.2) were mapped on chromosome regions where no resistance gene was reported before. The novel QTL/genes can contribute to enriching the resistance sources available to breeders.
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Wan W, Xiao J, Li M, Tang X, Wen M, Cheruiyot AK, Li Y, Wang H, Wang X. Fine mapping of wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm6 using 2B/2G homoeologous recombinants induced by the ph1b mutant. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:1265-1275. [PMID: 31974668 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Using the ph1b mutant, the recombination frequency between the homoeologous region of 2B and 2G was significantly increased. By this, we narrowed Pm6 to a 0.9 Mb physical region. The powdery mildew (Pm) resistance gene Pm6 from Triticum timopheevii (2n = 48, AAGG) was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2G and introduced into common wheat in the form of 2B-2G introgressions. The introgression line IGV1-465 has the shortest 2G segment, which is estimated 37 Mb in size when referring to 2BL genome reference of Chinese Spring (CS). The further fine mapping of Pm6 was impeded by the inhibition of allogeneic chromosome recombination between 2B and 2G in the Pm6 region. In the present study, to overcome 2B/2G recombination suppression, a ph1b-based strategy was employed to produce introgressions with reduced 2G fragments for the fine mapping of Pm6. IGV1-465 was crossed and backcrossed to the CSph1b mutant to produce plants with increased 2B/2G chromosome pairing frequency at the Pm6 region. A total of 182 allogeneic recombinants were obtained through two-round screening, i.e., first round of screening of 820 BC1F2:3 progenies using the flanking markers CIT02g-14/CIT02g-19 and second round of screening of 642 BC1F2:4 progenies using the flanking markers CIT02g-13/CIT02g-18, respectively. Through marker analysis using 30 chromosome 2G-specific markers located in the Pm6 region, the identified recombinants were divided into 14 haplotypes. Pm resistance evaluation of these haplotypes enabled us to narrow Pm6 to a 0.9 Mb physical region of 2BL, flanked by markers CIT02g-20 and CIT02g-18. Six wheat varieties containing Pm6 were identified from a natural population, and they showed increased Pm resistance. This implied Pm6 is still effective, especially when used in combination with other Pm resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingxing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jurong, 212400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Antony Kibet Cheruiyot
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingbo Li
- Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Tomkowiak A, Skowrońska R, Weigt D, Kwiatek M, Nawracała J, Kowalczewski PŁ, Pluta M. Identification of Powdery Mildew Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Resistance Genes in Selected Wheat Varieties and Development of Multiplex PCR. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of the study was to identify thePm2, Pm3a, Pm4bandPm6genes and to develop multiplex PCR reaction conditions to reduce time and limit analysis costs. The following molecular markers were used for gene identification:Xcfd81, Whs350andXgwm205(forPm2),Pm3a(forPm3a),STS_241andXgwm382(forPm4b),NAU/BCDSTS 135-2(forPm6). Plant material consisted of 7 popular European wheat varieties from the wheat collection at the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of the Poznań University of Life Sciences. The field experiment was established in 2017 and 2018 on 10 m2plots in a randomized complete block design in three replicates in the Dłoń Agricultural Experimental Farm of the Poznań University of Life Sciences (51°41’23.835”N 017°4’1.414”E). The analyses demonstrated that the accumulation of all identifiedPmgenes was found in the Assosan variety. The accumulation of thePm2, Pm4bandPm6genes was found in Atomic, Bussard, Lear, Sparta, Tonacja and Ulka varieties. The work also involved developing multiplex PCR conditions forXcfd81andSTS_241andXcfd81andXgwm382primer pairs, allowing the simultaneous identification of thePm2andPm4bgenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Tomkowiak
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd Str, 60-632 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Roksana Skowrońska
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd Str, 60-632 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Weigt
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd Str, 60-632 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Kwiatek
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd Str, 60-632 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Nawracała
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd Str, 60-632 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego Str, 60-624 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mateusz Pluta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań, University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd Str, 60-632 Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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14
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Tan C, Li G, Cowger C, Carver BF, Xu X. Characterization of Pm59, a novel powdery mildew resistance gene in Afghanistan wheat landrace PI 181356. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:1145-1152. [PMID: 29453526 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A new powdery mildew resistance gene, designated Pm59, was identified in Afghanistan wheat landrace PI 181356, and mapped in the terminal region of the long arm of chromosome 7A. Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. In the Great Plains of the USA, Bgt isolates virulent to widely used powdery mildew resistance genes, such as Pm3a, were previously identified. The objectives of this study were to characterize the powdery mildew resistance gene in Afghanistan landrace PI 181356, which exhibited high resistance to Bgt isolates collected in southern Great Plains, and identify molecular markers for marker-assisted selection. An F2 population and F2:3 lines derived from a cross between PI 181356 and OK1059060-126135-3 were used in this study. Genetic analysis indicated that PI 181356 carries a single dominant gene, designated Pm59, in the terminal region of the long arm of chromosome 7A. Pm59 was mapped to an interval between sequence tag site (STS) markers Xmag1759 and Xmag1714 with genetic distances of 0.4 cM distal to Xmag1759 and 5.7 cM proximal to Xmag1714. Physical mapping suggested that Pm59 is in the distal bin 7AL 0.99-1.00. Pm59 is a novel powdery mildew resistance gene, and confers resistance to Bgt isolates collected from the Great Plains and the state of Montana. Therefore, Pm59 can be used to breed powdery mildew-resistant cultivars in these regions. Xmag1759 is ideal for marker-assisted selection of Pm59 in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Tan
- Wheat, Peanut, and Other Field Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Genqiao Li
- Wheat, Peanut, and Other Field Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
- Plant and Soil Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | | | - Brett F Carver
- Plant and Soil Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Wheat, Peanut, and Other Field Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA.
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15
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Genetics and mapping of a new leaf rust resistance gene in Triticum aestivum L. × Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. derivative 'Selection G12'. J Genet 2018; 96:291-297. [PMID: 28674228 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-017-0760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A Triticum timopheevii-derived bread wheat line, Selection G12, was screened with 40 pathotypes of leaf rust pathogen, Puccinia triticina at seedling stage and with two most commonly prevalent pathotypes 77-5 and 104-2 at adult plant stage. Selection G12 showed resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages. Genetic analysis in F1, F2and F2.3 families at the seedling stage revealed that leaf rust resistance in Selection G12 is conditioned by a single incompletely dominant gene. The leaf rust resistance gene was mapped to chromosome 3BL with SSR markers Xgwm114 and Xgwm547 flanking the gene at a distance of 28.3 cM and 6 cM, respectively. Based on the nature of resistance and chromosomal location, it is inferred that Selection G12 carries a new gene for leaf rust resistance, tentatively named as LrSelG12.
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Cowger C, Mehra L, Arellano C, Meyers E, Murphy JP. Virulence Differences in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici from the Central and Eastern United States. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2018; 108:402-411. [PMID: 29082810 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-17-0211-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Wheat powdery mildew is a disease of global importance that occurs across a wide geographic area in the United States. A virulence survey of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent, was conducted by sampling 36 wheat fields in 15 U.S. states in the years 2013 and 2014. Using a hierarchical sampling protocol, isolates were derived from three separated plants at each of five separated sites within each field in order to assess the spatial distribution of pathotypes. In total, 1,017 isolates from those fields were tested individually on single-gene differential cultivars containing a total of 21 powdery mildew resistance (Pm) genes. Several recently introgressed mildew resistance genes from wild wheat relatives (Pm37, Pm53, MlAG12, NCAG13, and MlUM15) exhibited complete or nearly complete resistance to all local B. graminis f. sp. tritici populations from across the sampled area. One older gene, Pm4b, also retained at least some efficacy across the sampled area. The B. graminis f. sp. tritici population sampled from Arkansas and Missouri, on the western edge of the eastern soft red winter wheat region, had virulence profiles more similar to other soft wheat mildew populations than to the geographically closer population from hard wheat fields in the Plains states of Oklahoma, Nebraska, and Kansas. The Plains population differed in that it was avirulent to several Pm genes long defeated in the soft-wheat-growing areas. Virulence complexity was greatest east of the Mississippi River, and diminished toward the west. Several recently introgressed Pm genes (Pm25, Pm34, Pm35, and NCA6) that are highly effective against mildew in the field in North Carolina were unexpectedly susceptible to eastern-U.S. B. graminis f. sp. tritici populations in detached-leaf tests. Sampled fields displayed a wide range of pathotype diversity and spatial distribution, suggesting that epidemics are caused by varying numbers of pathotypes in all regions. The research confirmed that most long-used Pm genes are defeated in the eastern United States, and the U.S. B. graminis f. sp. tritici population has different virulence profiles in the hard- and soft-wheat regions, which are likely maintained by host selection, isolation by distance, and west-to-east gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Cowger
- First author: Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC; and first, second, and fourth authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, third author: Department of Statistics, and fifth author: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - Lucky Mehra
- First author: Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC; and first, second, and fourth authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, third author: Department of Statistics, and fifth author: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - Consuelo Arellano
- First author: Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC; and first, second, and fourth authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, third author: Department of Statistics, and fifth author: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - Emily Meyers
- First author: Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC; and first, second, and fourth authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, third author: Department of Statistics, and fifth author: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - J Paul Murphy
- First author: Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC; and first, second, and fourth authors: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, third author: Department of Statistics, and fifth author: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
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17
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Abdelrhim A, Abd-Alla HM, Abdou ES, Ismail ME, Cowger C. Virulence of Egyptian Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Population and Response of Egyptian Wheat Cultivars. PLANT DISEASE 2018; 102:391-397. [PMID: 30673514 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-17-0975-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f. sp. tritici (Em. Marchal), is a serious disease of wheat that can cause a large reduction in yield. In Egypt, high powdery mildew severity has been observed in the past few years on many commercial cultivars of both bread and durum wheat. Little information is available about virulence characteristics of the Egyptian B. graminis f. sp. tritici population in Egypt or the resistance of Egyptian wheat cultivars to powdery mildew. Virulence frequencies of a representative sample of the Egyptian B. graminis f. sp. tritici population were studied. Seven provinces were chosen to represent the country: two in Upper Egypt (Qena and Sohag), one in Middle Egypt (El Minia), and four in the north (Alexandria, Kafr Elsheikh, Dakahlia, and Sharqia). Ten isolates from each province (70 isolates total) were derived from single ascospores and used for this study. They were inoculated individually on 21 powdery mildew differential lines, each bearing a single resistance (Pm) gene. Also, the responses of 14 Egyptian bread wheat cultivars and 6 durum cultivars to each of the 70 isolates were evaluated individually. Among all tested Pm genes, only seven (Pm1b, Pm2, Pm21, Pm34, Pm36, Pm37, and Pm53) were effective against B. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates from all provinces. Several other genes were effective against most or all isolates from a majority of provinces. All tested bread wheat cultivars showed full susceptibility to all isolates, whereas two durum wheat cultivars, Beni-Suef-5 and Beni-Suef-6, had intermediate responses to a large percentage of the isolates, likely indicating partial resistance. To enhance mildew resistance in Egyptian wheat cultivars, it is recommended to use combinations of genes that are nationally effective or effective against multiple provincial B. graminis f. sp. tritici populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christina Cowger
- Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC; and Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
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18
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Chhuneja P, Yadav B, Stirnweis D, Hurni S, Kaur S, Elkot AF, Keller B, Wicker T, Sehgal S, Gill BS, Singh K. Fine mapping of powdery mildew resistance genes PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2 in Triticum boeoticum (Boiss.) using the shotgun sequence assembly of chromosome 7AL. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2015; 128:2099-2111. [PMID: 26160336 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel powdery mildew resistance gene and a new allele of Pm1 were identified and fine mapped. DNA markers suitable for marker-assisted selection have been identified. Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat and causes significant yield losses worldwide. Diploid A genome species are an important genetic resource for disease resistance genes. Two powdery mildew resistance genes, identified in Triticum boeoticum (A(b)A(b)) accession pau5088, PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2 were mapped on chromosome 7AL. In the present study, shotgun sequence assembly data for chromosome 7AL were utilised for fine mapping of these Pm resistance genes. Forty SSR, 73 resistance gene analogue-based sequence-tagged sites (RGA-STS) and 36 single nucleotide polymorphism markers were designed for fine mapping of PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2. Twenty-one RGA-STS, 8 SSR and 13 SNP markers were mapped to 7AL. RGA-STS markers Ta7AL-4556232 and 7AL-4426363 were linked to the PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2, at a genetic distance of 0.6 and 6.0 cM, respectively. The present investigation established that PmTb7A.1 is a new powdery mildew resistance gene that confers resistance to a broad range of Bgt isolates, whereas PmTb7A.2 most probably is a new allele of Pm1 based on chromosomal location and screening with Bgt isolates showing differential reaction on lines with different Pm1 alleles. The markers identified to be linked to the two Pm resistance genes are robust and can be used for marker-assisted introgression of these genes to hexaploid wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
| | - Bharat Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
| | - Daniel Stirnweis
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severine Hurni
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Satinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
| | - Ahmed Fawzy Elkot
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
- Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Beat Keller
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wicker
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sunish Sehgal
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
- Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, 57007, USA
| | - Bikram S Gill
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India.
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Elkot AFA, Chhuneja P, Kaur S, Saluja M, Keller B, Singh K. Marker Assisted Transfer of Two Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2 from Triticum boeoticum (Boiss.) to Triticum aestivum (L.). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128297. [PMID: 26066332 PMCID: PMC4466026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM), caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the important wheat diseases, worldwide. Two PM resistance genes, designated as PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2, were identified in T. boeoticum acc. pau5088 and mapped on chromosome 7AL approximately 48cM apart. Two resistance gene analogue (RGA)-STS markers Ta7AL-4556232 and 7AL-4426363 were identified to be linked to the PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2, at a distance of 0.6cM and 6.0cM, respectively. In the present study, following marker assisted selection (MAS), the two genes were transferred to T. aestivum using T. durum as bridging species. As many as 12,317 florets of F1 of the cross T. durum /T. boeoticum were pollinated with T. aestivum lines PBW343-IL and PBW621 to produce 61 and 65 seeds, respectively, of three-way F1. The resulting F1s of the cross T. durum/T. boeoticum//T. aestivum were screened with marker flanking both the PM resistance genes PmTb7A.1 and PmTb7A.2 (foreground selection) and the selected plants were backcrossed to generate BC1F1. Marker assisted selection was carried both in BC1F1 and the BC2F1 generations. Introgression of alien chromatin in BC2F1 plants varied from 15.4-62.9 percent. Out of more than 110 BC2F1 plants showing introgression for markers linked to the two PM resistance genes, 40 agronomically desirable plants were selected for background selection for the carrier chromosome to identify the plants with minimum of the alien introgression. Cytological analysis showed that most plants have chromosome number ranging from 40-42. The BC2F2 plants homozygous for the two genes have been identified. These will be crossed to generate lines combining both the PM resistance genes but with minimal of the alien introgression. The PM resistance gene PmTb7A.1 maps in a region very close to Sr22, a stem rust resistance gene effective against the race Ug99. Analysis of selected plants with markers linked to Sr22 showed introgression of Sr22 from T. boeoticum in several BC2F1 plants. Thus, in addition to PM resistance, these progeny might also carry resistance to stem rust race Ug99.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
| | - Satinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
| | - Manny Saluja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
| | - Beat Keller
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India
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20
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Ouyang S, Zhang D, Han J, Zhao X, Cui Y, Song W, Huo N, Liang Y, Xie J, Wang Z, Wu Q, Chen YX, Lu P, Zhang DY, Wang L, Sun H, Yang T, Keeble-Gagnere G, Appels R, Doležel J, Ling HQ, Luo M, Gu Y, Sun Q, Liu Z. Fine physical and genetic mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene MlIW172 originating from wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides). PLoS One 2014; 9:e100160. [PMID: 24955773 PMCID: PMC4067302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases in the world. In this study, a single dominant powdery mildew resistance gene MlIW172 was identified in the IW172 wild emmer accession and mapped to the distal region of chromosome arm 7AL (bin7AL-16-0.86-0.90) via molecular marker analysis. MlIW172 was closely linked with the RFLP probe Xpsr680-derived STS marker Xmag2185 and the EST markers BE405531 and BE637476. This suggested that MlIW172 might be allelic to the Pm1 locus or a new locus closely linked to Pm1. By screening genomic BAC library of durum wheat cv. Langdon and 7AL-specific BAC library of hexaploid wheat cv. Chinese Spring, and after analyzing genome scaffolds of Triticum urartu containing the marker sequences, additional markers were developed to construct a fine genetic linkage map on the MlIW172 locus region and to delineate the resistance gene within a 0.48 cM interval. Comparative genetics analyses using ESTs and RFLP probe sequences flanking the MlIW172 region against other grass species revealed a general co-linearity in this region with the orthologous genomic regions of rice chromosome 6, Brachypodium chromosome 1, and sorghum chromosome 10. However, orthologous resistance gene-like RGA sequences were only present in wheat and Brachypodium. The BAC contigs and sequence scaffolds that we have developed provide a framework for the physical mapping and map-based cloning of MlIW172.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Agriculture University of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Naxin Huo
- USDA-ARS West Regional Research Center, Albany, California, United States of America
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - De-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institutes of Genetics & Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tsomin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rudi Appels
- Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hong-Qing Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institutes of Genetics & Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingcheng Luo
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Yongqiang Gu
- USDA-ARS West Regional Research Center, Albany, California, United States of America
| | - Qixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research & Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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21
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Laikova LI, Belan IA, Badaeva ED, Rosseeva LP, Shepelev SS, Shumny VK, Pershina LA. Development and study of spring bread wheat variety Pamyati Maystrenko with introgression of genetic material from synthetic hexaploid Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. × Aegilops tauschii Coss. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Jakobson I, Reis D, Tiidema A, Peusha H, Timofejeva L, Valárik M, Kladivová M, Simková H, Doležel J, Järve K. Fine mapping, phenotypic characterization and validation of non-race-specific resistance to powdery mildew in a wheat-Triticum militinae introgression line. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 125:609-623. [PMID: 22534789 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Introgression of several genomic loci from tetraploid Triticum militinae into bread wheat cv. Tähti has increased resistance of introgression line 8.1 to powdery mildew in seedlings and adult plants. In our previous work, only a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 4AL of the line 8.1 contributed significantly to resistance, whereas QTL on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 5A and 5B were detected merely on a suggestive level. To verify and characterize all QTLs in the line 8.1, a mapping population of double haploid lines was established. Testing for seedling resistance to 16 different races/mixtures of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici revealed four highly significant non-race-specific resistance QTL including the main QTL on chromosome 4AL, and a race-specific QTL on chromosome 5B. The major QTL on chromosome 4AL (QPm.tut-4A) as well as QTL on chromosome 5AL and a newly detected QTL on 7AL were highly effective at the adult stage. The QPm.tut-4A QTL accounts on average for 33-49 % of the variation in resistance in the double haploid population. Interactions between the main QTL QPm.tut-4A and the minor QTL were evaluated and discussed. A population of 98 F(2) plants from a cross of susceptible cv. Chinese Spring and the line 8.1 was created that allowed mapping the QPm.tut-4A locus to the proximal 2.5-cM region of the introgressed segment on chromosome 4AL. The results obtained in this work make it feasible to use QPm.tut-4A in resistance breeding and provide a solid basis for positional cloning of the major QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Jakobson
- Department of Gene Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
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23
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Xue F, Ji W, Wang C, Zhang H, Yang B. High-density mapping and marker development for the powdery mildew resistance gene PmAS846 derived from wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 124:1549-1560. [PMID: 22350087 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. The dominant powdery mildew resistance gene PmAS846 was transferred to the hexaploid wheat lines N9134 and N9738 from wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) in 1995, and it is still one of the most effective resistance genes in China. A high resolution genetic map for PmAS846 locus was constructed using two F(2) populations and corresponding F(2:3) families developed from the crosses of N9134/Shaanyou 225 and N9738/Huixianhong. Synteny between wheat and Brachypodium distachyon and rice was used to develop closely linked molecular markers to reduce the genetic interval around PmAS846. Twenty-six expressed sequence tag-derived markers were mapped to the PmAS846 locus. Five markers co-segregated with PmAS846 in the F(2) population of N9134/Shaanyou 225. PmAS846 was physically located to wheat chromosome 5BL bin 0.75-0.76 within a gene-rich region. The markers order is conserved between wheat and Brachypodium distachyon, but rearrangements are present in rice. Two markers, BJ261635 and CJ840011 flanked PmAS846 and narrowed PmAS846 to a region that is collinear with 197 and 112 kb genomic regions on Brachypodium chromosome 4 and rice chromosome 9, respectively. The genes located on the corresponding homologous regions in Brachypodium, rice and barley could be considered for further marker saturation and identification of potential candidate genes for PmAS846. The markers co-segregating with PmAS846 provide a potential target site for positional cloning of PmAS846, and can be used for marker-assisted selection of this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xue
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Liu Z, Zhu J, Cui Y, Liang Y, Wu H, Song W, Liu Q, Yang T, Sun Q, Liu Z. Identification and comparative mapping of a powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) on chromosome 2BS. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 124:1041-9. [PMID: 22170431 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. Wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is a valuable genetic resource for improving disease resistance in common wheat. A powdery mildew resistance gene conferring resistance to B. graminis f. sp. tritici isolate E09 at the seedling and adult stages was identified in wild emmer accession IW170 introduced from Israel. An incomplete dominant gene, temporarily designated MlIW170, was responsible for the resistance. Through molecular marker and bulked segregant analyses of an F(2) population and F(3) families derived from a cross between susceptible durum wheat line 81086A and IW170, MlIW170 was located in the distal chromosome bin 2BS3-0.84-1.00 and flanked by SSR markers Xcfd238 and Xwmc243. MlIW170 co-segregated with Xcau516, an STS marker developed from RFLP marker Xwg516 that co-segregated with powdery mildew resistance gene Pm26 on 2BS. Four EST-STS markers, BE498358, BF201235, BQ160080, and BF146221, were integrated into the genetic linkage map of MlIW170. Three AFLP markers, XPaacMcac, XPagcMcta, XPaacMcag, and seven AFLP-derived SCAR markers, XcauG2, XcauG3, XcauG6, XcauG8, XcauG10, XcauG20, and XcauG25, were linked to MlIW170. XcauG3, a resistance gene analog (RGA)-like sequence, co-segregated with MlIW170. The non-glaucousness locus Iw1 was 18.77 cM distal to MlIW170. By comparative genomics of wheat-Brachypodium-rice genomic co-linearity, four EST-STS markers, CJ658408, CJ945509, BQ169830, CJ945085, and one STS marker XP2430, were developed and MlIW170 was mapped in an 2.69 cM interval that is co-linear with a 131 kb genomic region in Brachypodium and a 105 kb genomic region in rice. Four RGA-like sequences annotated in the orthologous Brachypodium genomic region could serve as chromosome landing target regions for map-based cloning of MlIW170.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziji Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Research and Utilization, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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25
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Dobrovolskaya O, Boeuf C, Salse J, Pont C, Sourdille P, Bernard M, Salina E. Microsatellite mapping of Ae. speltoides and map-based comparative analysis of the S, G, and B genomes of Triticeae species. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2011; 123:1145-1157. [PMID: 21792632 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The first microsatellite linkage map of Ae. speltoides Tausch (2n = 2x = 14, SS), which is a wild species with a genome closely related to the B and G genomes of polyploid wheats, was developed based on two F(2) mapping populations using microsatellite (SSR) markers from Ae. speltoides, wheat genomic SSRs (g-SSRs) and EST-derived SSRs. A total of 144 different microsatellite loci were mapped in the Ae. speltoides genome. The transferability of the SSRs markers between the related S, B, and G genomes allowed possible integration of new markers into the T. timopheevii G genome chromosomal maps and map-based comparisons. Thirty-one new microsatellite loci assigned to the genetic framework of the T. timopheevii G genome maps were composed of wheat g-SSR (genomic SSR) markers. Most of the used Ae. speltoides SSRs were mapped onto chromosomes of the G genome supporting a close relationship between the G and S genomes. Comparative microsatellite mapping of the S, B, and G genomes demonstrated colinearity between the chromosomes within homoeologous groups, except for intergenomic T6A(t)S.1G, T4AL.5AL.7BS translocations. A translocation between chromosomes 2 and 6 that is present in the T. aestivum B genome was found in neither Ae. speltoides nor in T. timopheevii. Although the marker order was generally conserved among the B, S, and G genomes, the total length of the Ae. speltoides chromosomal maps and the genetic distances between homoeologous loci located in the proximal regions of the S genome chromosomes were reduced compared with the B, and G genome chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dobrovolskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentieva Ave. 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Qin B, Cao A, Wang H, Chen T, You FM, Liu Y, Ji J, Liu D, Chen P, Wang XE. Collinearity-based marker mining for the fine mapping of Pm6, a powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2011; 123:207-18. [PMID: 21468676 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The genome sequences of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Brachypodium distachyon and the comprehensive Triticeae EST (Expressed Sequence Tag) resources provide invaluable information for comparative genomics analysis. The powdery mildew resistance gene, Pm6, which was introgressed into common wheat from Triticum timopheevii, was previously mapped to the wheat chromosome bin of 2BL [fraction length (FL) 0.50-1.00] with limited DNA markers. In this study, we saturated the Pm6 locus in wheat using the collinearity-based markers by extensively exploiting these genomic resources. All wheat ESTs located in the bin 2BL FL 0.50-1.00 and their corresponding orthologous genes on rice chromosome 4 were firstly used to develop STS (Sequence Tagged Site) markers. Those identified markers that flanked the Pm6 locus were then used to identify the collinear regions in the genomes of rice and Brachypodium. Triticeae ESTs with orthologous genes in these collinear regions were further used to develop new conserved markers for the fine mapping of Pm6. Using two F(2) populations derived from crosses of IGVI-465 × Prins and IGVI-466 × Prins, we mapped a total of 29 markers to the Pm6 locus. Among them, 14 markers were co-segregated with Pm6 in the IGVI-466/Prins population. Comparative genome analysis showed that the collinear region of the 29 linked markers covers a ~5.6-Mb region in chromosome 5L of Brachypodium and a ~6.0-Mb region in chromosome 4L of rice. The marker order is conserved between rice and Brachypodium, but re-arrangements are present in wheat. Comparative mapping in the two populations showed that two conserved markers (CINAU123 and CINAU127) flanked the Pm6 locus, and an LRR-receptor-like protein kinase cluster was identified in the collinear regions of Brachypodium and rice. This putative resistance gene cluster provides a potential target site for further fine mapping and cloning of Pm6. Moreover, the newly developed conserved markers closely linked to Pm6 can be used for the marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Pm6 in wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Qin
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
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Li T, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Duan X, Xin Z. Identification and molecular mapping of a resistance gene to powdery mildew from the synthetic wheat line M53. J Appl Genet 2010; 52:137-43. [PMID: 21107782 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-010-0006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 10/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Powdery mildew disease caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is an economically important disease in wheat worldwide. The identification of germplasms resistant to the disease can not only facilitate the breeding of resistant cultivars, but can also broaden the diversity of resistance genes. The Mexican M53 is a synthetic hexaploid wheat line developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) from the cross between Triticum durum and Aegilops tauschii249. Infection of M53 with 15 different pathogen races revealed that the resistance in M53 was race-dependent and effective against the majority of the tested Bgt races, including the race 15 predominant in the Beijing wheat growing area. Inoculation of the parents of M53 with the race 15 demonstrated that M53 and Ae. tauschii249 were resistant, whereas T. durum was susceptible. The inoculation of three segregating F(2) populations developed from the crosses between M53 and three susceptible Chinese wheat cultivars with the race 15 showed that the resistant gene in M53 segregated in a single dominant manner. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to map the gene in a segregating F(2) population consisting of 213 lines developed from the cross Wan7107 × M53. Two closely linked AFLP markers, Apm109 and Apm161, were identified to flank the gene with genetic distances of 1.0 cM and 3.0 cM, respectively. The recognized gene was assigned to the long arm of chromosome 5D as determined by three linked SSR markers, Xwmc289b, Xgwm583, and Xgwm292, and by the physical mapping of Apm109 using Chinese Spring nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelosomic stocks. The resistance gene identified in M53, temporarily designated as Pm-M53, could be used in local wheat-breeding programs to improve powdery mildew resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Maxwell JJ, Lyerly JH, Srnic G, Parks R, Cowger C, Marshall D, Brown-Guedira G, Murphy JP. MlAB10
: A Triticum turgidum
Subsp. dicoccoides
Derived Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Identified in Common Wheat. CROP SCIENCE 2010; 50:2261-2267. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Maxwell
- LDB-Independence; 2332 Henley Ave. Independence IA 50644
| | - J. H. Lyerly
- Dep. of Crop Science; North Carolina State Univ.; Raleigh NC 27695
| | - G. Srnic
- Pioneer- Hybrid International, Inc.; Via Madre Teresa Di Calcuta; 2/4, 26030 Pessina Cremonese CR Italy
| | - R. Parks
- USDA-ARS Plant Sciences Research; Dep. of Plant Pathology; North Carolina State Univ.; Raleigh NC 27695
| | - C. Cowger
- USDA-ARS Plant Sciences Research; Dep. of Plant Pathology; North Carolina State Univ.; Raleigh NC 27695
| | - D. Marshall
- USDA-ARS Plant Sciences Research; Dep. of Plant Pathology; North Carolina State Univ.; Raleigh NC 27695
| | - G. Brown-Guedira
- USDA-ARS Plant Sciences Research; Dep. of Crop Science; North Carolina State Univ.; Raleigh NC 27695
| | - J. P. Murphy
- Dep. of Crop Science; North Carolina State Univ.; Raleigh NC 27695
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Ben-David R, Xie W, Peleg Z, Saranga Y, Dinoor A, Fahima T. Identification and mapping of PmG16, a powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2010; 121:499-510. [PMID: 20407741 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-010-1326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The gene-pool of wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, harbors a rich allelic repertoire for disease resistance. In the current study, we made use of tetraploid wheat mapping populations derived from a cross between durum wheat (cv. Langdon) and wild emmer (accession G18-16) to identify and map a new powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer wheat. Initially, the two parental lines were screened with a collection of 42 isolates of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) from Israel and 5 isolates from Switzerland. While G18-16 was resistant to 34 isolates, Langdon was resistant only to 5 isolates and susceptible to 42 isolates. Isolate Bgt#15 was selected to differentiate between the disease reactions of the two genotypes. Segregation ratio of F(2-3) and recombinant inbreed line (F(7)) populations to inoculation with isolate Bgt#15 indicated the role of a single dominant gene in conferring resistance to Bgt#15. This gene, temporarily designated PmG16, was located on the distal region of chromosome arm 7AL. Genetic map of PmG16 region was assembled with 32 simple sequence repeat (SSR), sequence tag site (STS), Diversity array technology (DArT) and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers and assigned to the 7AL physical bin map (7AL-16). Using four DNA markers we established colinearity between the genomic region spanning the PmG16 locus within the distal region of chromosome arm 7AL and the genomic regions on rice chromosome 6 and Brachypodium Bd1. A comparative analysis was carried out between PmG16 and other known Pm genes located on chromosome arm 7AL. The identified PmG16 may facilitate the use of wild alleles for improvement of powdery mildew resistance in elite wheat cultivars via marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Ben-David
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, The Institute of Evolution, Faculty of Science and Science Education, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, 31905, Haifa, Israel
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Badaeva ED, Budashkina EB, Bilinskaya EN, Pukhalskiy VA. Intergenomic chromosome substitutions in wheat interspecific hybrids and their use in the development of a genetic nomenclature of Triticum timopheevii chromosomes. RUSS J GENET+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279541007001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Genetic Diversity of the Pm3 Powdery Mildew Resistance Alleles in Wheat Gene Bank Accessions as Assessed by Molecular Markers. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2010. [DOI: 10.3390/d2050768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Bhullar NK, Zhang Z, Wicker T, Keller B. Wheat gene bank accessions as a source of new alleles of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm3: a large scale allele mining project. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 10:88. [PMID: 20470444 PMCID: PMC3095356 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last hundred years, the development of improved wheat cultivars has led to the replacement of landraces and traditional varieties by modern cultivars. This has resulted in a decline in the genetic diversity of agriculturally used wheat. However, the diversity lost in the elite material is somewhat preserved in crop gene banks. Therefore, the gene bank accessions provide the basis for genetic improvement of crops for specific traits and and represent rich sources of novel allelic variation. RESULTS We have undertaken large scale molecular allele mining to isolate new alleles of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm3 from wheat gene bank accessions. The search for new Pm3 alleles was carried out on a geographically diverse set of 733 wheat accessions originating from 20 countries. Pm3 specific molecular tools as well as classical pathogenicity tests were used to characterize the accessions. Two new functional Pm3 alleles were identified out of the eight newly cloned Pm3 sequences. These new resistance alleles were isolated from accessions from China and Nepal. Thus, the repertoire of functional Pm3 alleles now includes 17 genes, making it one of the largest allelic series of plant resistance genes. The combined information on resistant and susceptible Pm3 sequences will allow to study molecular function and specificity of functional Pm3 alleles. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that molecular allele mining on geographically defined accessions is a useful strategy to rapidly characterize the diversity of gene bank accessions at a specific genetic locus of agronomical importance. The identified wheat accessions with new resistance specificities can be used for marker-assisted transfer of the Pm3 alleles to modern wheat lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navreet K Bhullar
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014, Sichuan Yaan, China
| | - Thomas Wicker
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Keller
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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Antonyuk MZ, Bodylyova MV, Ternovskaya TK. Genome structure of intro-gressive lines Triticum Aes-Tivum/Aegilops Sharonensis. CYTOL GENET+ 2009. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452709060085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maxwell JJ, Lyerly JH, Cowger C, Marshall D, Brown-Guedira G, Murphy JP. MlAG12: a Triticum timopheevii-derived powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat on chromosome 7AL. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2009; 119:1489-1495. [PMID: 19760389 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wheat powdery mildew is an economically important disease in cool and humid environments. Powdery mildew causes yield losses as high as 48% through a reduction in tiller survival, kernels per head, and kernel size. Race-specific host resistance is the most consistent, environmentally friendly and, economical method of control. The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm line NC06BGTAG12 possesses genetic resistance to powdery mildew introgressed from the AAGG tetraploid genome Triticum timopheevii subsp. armeniacum. Phenotypic evaluation of F(3) families derived from the cross NC06BGTAG12/'Jagger' and phenotypic evaluation of an F(2) population from the cross NC06BGTAG12/'Saluda' indicated that resistance to the 'Yuma' isolate of powdery mildew was controlled by a single dominant gene in NC06BGTAG12. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) revealed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers specific for chromosome 7AL segregating with the resistance gene. The SSR markers Xwmc273 and Xwmc346 mapped 8.3 cM distal and 6.6 cM proximal, respectively, in NC06BGTAG12/Jagger. The multiallelic Pm1 locus maps to this region of chromosome 7AL. No susceptible phenotypes were observed in an evaluation of 967 F(2) individuals in the cross NC06BGTAG12/'Axminster' (Pm1a) which indicated that the NC06BGTAG12 resistance gene was allelic or in close linkage with the Pm1 locus. A detached leaf test with ten differential powdery mildew isolates indicated the resistance in NC06BGTAG12 was different from all designated alleles at the Pm1 locus. Further linkage and allelism tests with five other temporarily designated genes in this very complex region will be required before giving a permanent designation to this gene. At this time the gene is given the temporary gene designation MlAG12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judd J Maxwell
- Department of Crop Science, USDA-ARS Plant Sciences Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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YIN GH, LI GY, HE ZH, LIU JJ, WANG H, XIA XC. Molecular Mapping of Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene in Wheat Cultivar Jimai 22. ZUOWU XUEBAO 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2009.01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lan C, Liang S, Wang Z, Yan J, Zhang Y, Xia X, He Z. Quantitative trait loci mapping for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in Chinese wheat cultivar Bainong 64. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2009; 99:1121-6. [PMID: 19740024 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-99-10-1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Adult-plant resistance (APR) is an effective means of controlling powdery mildew in wheat. In the present study, 406 simple-sequence repeat markers were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for APR to powdery mildew in a doubled-haploid (DH) population of 181 lines derived from the cross Bainong 64xJingshuang 16. The DH lines were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in Beijing and Anyang during the 2005-06 and 2007-08 cropping seasons. Artificial inoculations were carried out in Beijing using the highly virulent Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolate E20. Disease severities on penultimate leaves were scored twice in Beijing whereas, at Anyang, maximum disease severities (MDS) were recorded following natural infection. Broad-sense heritabilities of MDS and areas under the disease progress curve were 0.89 and 0.77, respectively, based on the mean values averaged across environments. Composite interval mapping detected four QTLs for APR to powdery mildew on chromosomes 1A, 4DL, 6BS, and 7A; these were designated QPm.caas-1A, QPm.caas-4DL, QPm.caas-6BS, and QPm.caas-7A, respectively, and explained 6.3 to 22.7% of the phenotypic variance. QTLs QPm.caas-4DL and QPm.caas-6BS were stable across environments with high genetic effects on powdery mildew response, accounting for 15.2 to 22.7% and 9.0 to 13.2% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. These results should be useful for the future improvement of powdery mildew resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Lan
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hua W, Liu Z, Zhu J, Xie C, Yang T, Zhou Y, Duan X, Sun Q, Liu Z. Identification and genetic mapping of pm42, a new recessive wheat powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2009; 119:223-230. [PMID: 19407985 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide in areas with cool or maritime climates. Wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is an important potential donor of disease resistances and other traits for common wheat improvement. A powdery mildew resistance gene was transferred from wild emmer accession G-303-1M to susceptible common wheat by crossing and backcrossing, resulting in inbred line P63 (Yanda1817/G-303-1 M//3*Jing411, BC(2)F(6)). Genetic analysis of an F(2) population and the F(2:3) families developed from a cross of P63 and a susceptible common wheat line Xuezao showed that the powdery mildew resistance in P63 was controlled by a single recessive gene. Molecular markers and bulked segregant analysis were used to characterize and map the powdery mildew resistance gene. Nine genomic SSR markers (Xbarc7, Xbarc55, Xgwm148, Xgwm257, Xwmc35, Xwmc154, Xwmc257, Xwmc382, Xwmc477), five AFLP-derived SCAR markers (XcauG3, XcauG6, XcauG10, XcauG20, XcauG22), three EST-STS markers (BQ160080, BQ160588, BF146221) and one RFLP-derived STS marker (Xcau516) were linked to the resistance gene, designated pm42, in P63. pm42 was physically mapped on chromosome 2BS bin 0.75-0.84 using Chinese Spring nullisomic-tetrasomic, ditelosomic and deletion lines, and was estimated to be more than 30 cM proximal to Xcau516, a RFLP-derived STS marker that co-segregated with the wild emmer-derived Pm26 which should be physically located in 2BS distal bin 0.84-1.00. pm42 was highly effective against 18 of 21 differential Chinese isolates of B. graminis f. sp. tritici. The closely linked molecular markers will enable the rapid transfer of pm42 to wheat breeding populations thus adding to their genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hua
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Yu GT, Cai X, Harris MO, Gu YQ, Luo MC, Xu SS. Saturation and comparative mapping of the genomic region harboring Hessian fly resistance gene H26 in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2009; 118:1589-1599. [PMID: 19322558 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Resistance gene H26, derived from Aegilops tauschii Coss., is one of the most effective R genes against the Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)], an important pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Using a limited number of PCR-based molecular markers a previous study mapped H26 to the wheat chromosomal deletion bin 3DL3-0.81-1.00. The objectives of this study were to saturate the chromosomal region harboring H26 with newly developed PCR-based markers and to investigate the collinearity of this wheat chromosomal region with rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Brachypodium distachyon genome. A population of 96 F(2) individuals segregating at the H26 gene locus was used for saturation mapping. All wheat ESTs assigned to the deletion bin 3DL3-0.81-1.00 were used to design STS (sequence tagged site) primers. The wheat ESTs mapped near H26 were further used to BLAST rice and B. distachyon genomic sequences for comparative mapping. To date, 26 newly developed STS markers have been mapped to the chromosomal region spanning the H26 locus. Two of them were mapped 1.0 cM away from the H26 locus. Comparative analysis identified genomic regions on rice chromosome 1 and Brachypodium Super contig 13 which are collinear with the genomic region spanning the H26 locus within the distal region of 3DL. The newly developed STS markers closely linked to H26 will be useful for mapped-based cloning of H26 and marker-assisted selection of this gene in wheat breeding. The results will also enhance understanding of this chromosomal region which contains several other Hessian fly resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Tai Yu
- Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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He R, Chang Z, Yang Z, Yuan Z, Zhan H, Zhang X, Liu J. Inheritance and mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene Pm43 introgressed from Thinopyrum intermedium into wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2009; 118:1173-80. [PMID: 19214392 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-0971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew resistance from Thinopyrum intermedium was introgressed into common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Genetic analysis of the F(1), F(2), F(3) and BC(1) populations from powdery mildew resistant line CH5025 revealed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant allele. The gene responsible for powdery mildew resistance was mapped by the linkage analysis of a segregating F(2) population. The resistance gene was linked to five co-dominant genomic SSR markers (Xcfd233, Xwmc41, Xbarc11, Xgwm539 and Xwmc175) and their most likely order was Xcfd233-Xwmc41-Pm43-Xbarc11-Xgwm539-Xwmc175 at 2.6, 2.3, 4.2, 3.5 and 7.0 cM, respectively. Using the Chinese Spring nullisomic-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines, the polymorphic markers and the resistance gene were assigned to chromosome 2DL. As no powdery mildew resistance gene was previously assigned to chromosome 2DL, this new resistance gene was designated Pm43. Pm43, together with the identified closely linked markers, could be useful in marker-assisted selection for pyramiding powdery mildew resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runli He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Hao Y, Liu A, Wang Y, Feng D, Gao J, Li X, Liu S, Wang H. Pm23: a new allele of Pm4 located on chromosome 2AL in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2008; 117:1205-12. [PMID: 18818899 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-008-0827-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the major diseases of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. The powdery mildew resistance gene Pm23, identified in the common wheat Line 81-7241 and originally assigned to wheat chromosome 5A, was relocated on chromosome 2AL with the aid of molecular markers. Mapping of microsatellite markers in two wheat crosses segregating for Pm23 and Pm4b, respectively, in combination with the reported mapping of Pm4a, indicated that the three genes were all linked to the marker Xgwm356 with a distance of 3-5 cM. Allelism between Pm4b and Pm23 was then confirmed, when the progenies of a cross between VPM1 (Pm4b) and Line 81-7241, were shown to be all resistant to a B. graminis isolate avirulent to the both parents. Pm23 is therefore a new allele of the Pm4 locus, and was redesignated as Pm4c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian Subcenter of National Wheat Improvement Center, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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Assessment of partial resistance to powdery mildew in hexaploid wheat genotypes. Biologia (Bratisl) 2008. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-008-0078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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