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Li Y, Zhang R, Xu Y. Structure-based mechanisms: On the way to apply alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases to organic-aqueous systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:412-427. [PMID: 33316337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases catalyze enantioselective syntheses of versatile chiral compounds relying on direct hydride transfer from cofactor to substrates, or to an intermediate and then to substrates. Since most of the substrates catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases are insoluble in aqueous solutions, increasing interest has been turning to organic-aqueous systems. However, alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases are normally instable in organic solvents, leading to the unsatisfied enantioselective synthesis efficiency. The behaviors of these enzymes in organic solvents at an atomic level are unclear, thus it is of great importance to understand its structure-based mechanisms in organic-aqueous systems to improve their relative stability. Here, we summarized the accessible structures of alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases in Protein Data Bank crystallized in organic-aqueous systems, and compared the structures of alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases which have different tolerance towards organic solvents. By understanding the catalytic behaviors and mechanisms of these enzymes in organic-aqueous systems, the efficient enantioselective syntheses mediated by alcohol dehydrogenases/reductases and further challenges are also discussed through solvent engineering and enzyme-immobilization in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Department of Biological Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, United States
| | - Rongzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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2
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Jiang W, Fang B. Synthesizing Chiral Drug Intermediates by Biocatalysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:146-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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3
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Schüürmann J, Quehl P, Lindhorst F, Lang K, Jose J. Autodisplay of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase for redox cofactor regeneration at the cell surface. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:1658-1669. [PMID: 28401536 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inherent cofactor regeneration is a pivotal feature of whole cell biocatalysis. For specific biotechnological applications, surface display of enzymes is emerging as a tool to circumvent mass transfer limitations or enzyme stability problems. Even complex reactions can be accomplished applying displayed enzymes. Yet, industrial utilization of the technique is still impeded by lacking cofactor regeneration at the cell surface. Here, we report on the surface display of a glucose-6-phoshate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) via Autodisplay to address this limitation and regenerate NADPH directly at the cell surface. The obtained whole cell biocatalyst demonstrated similar kinetic parameters compared to the purified enzyme, more precisely KM values of 0.2 mM for NADP+ and calculated total turnover numbers of 107 . However, the KM for the substrate G6P increased by a factor of 7 to yield 1.5 mM. The whole cell biocatalyst was cheaper to produce, easy to separate from the reaction mixture and reusable in consecutive reaction cycles. Furthermore, lyophilization allowed storage at room temperature. The whole cell biocatalyst displaying G6PDH was applicable for NADPH regeneration in combination with soluble as well as surface displayed enzymes and model reactions in combination with bacterial CYP102A1 and human CYP1A2 were realized. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1658-1669. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schüürmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Quehl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian Lindhorst
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kristina Lang
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Abstract
Chirality is a key factor in the safety and efficacy of many drug products and thus the production of single enantiomers of drug intermediates and drugs has become important and state of the art in the pharmaceutical industry. There has been an increasing awareness of the enormous potential of microorganisms and enzymes (biocatalysts) for the transformation of synthetic chemicals with high chemo-, regio- and enatioselectivities providing products in high yields and purity. In this article, biocatalytic processes are described for the synthesis of key chiral intermediates for development pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh N Patel
- SLRP Associates, LLC, Consultation in Biocatalysis and Biotechnology, 572 Cabot Hill Road, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, USA.
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Zhu GL, Zhang XD, Yang LJ, Xie JH, Che DQ, Zhou QL, Yan PC, Li YQ. Ir/SpiroPAP Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of a Key Intermediate of Montelukast: Process Development and Potential Impurities Study. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Zhu
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 99 Waisha
Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Dong Zhang
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 99 Waisha
Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 99 Waisha
Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Xie
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Da-Qing Che
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 99 Waisha
Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Pu-Cha Yan
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 99 Waisha
Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Li
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou
Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 99 Waisha
Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 318000, P. R. China
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Bollikonda S, Mohanarangam S, Jinna RR, Kandirelli VKK, Makthala L, Sen S, Chaplin DA, Lloyd RC, Mahoney T, Dahanukar VH, Oruganti S, Fox ME. An Enantioselective Formal Synthesis of Montelukast Sodium. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3891-901. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Bollikonda
- Integrated Product Development Organization, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Qutabullapur, Hyderabad 500 072, Telangana, India
| | - Saravanan Mohanarangam
- Integrated Product Development Organization, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Qutabullapur, Hyderabad 500 072, Telangana, India
| | - Rajender Reddy Jinna
- Integrated Product Development Organization, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Qutabullapur, Hyderabad 500 072, Telangana, India
| | - Venkata Kiran Kumar Kandirelli
- Integrated Product Development Organization, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Qutabullapur, Hyderabad 500 072, Telangana, India
| | - Laxman Makthala
- Center for Process Research & Innovation, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Saikat Sen
- Center for Process Research & Innovation, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - David A. Chaplin
- Chirotech Technology Centre, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU) Limited, 410 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C. Lloyd
- Chirotech Technology Centre, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU) Limited, 410 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Mahoney
- Chirotech Technology Centre, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU) Limited, 410 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
| | - Vilas Hareshwar Dahanukar
- Integrated Product Development Organization, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Qutabullapur, Hyderabad 500 072, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Oruganti
- Center for Process Research & Innovation, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Martin E. Fox
- Chirotech Technology Centre, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (EU) Limited, 410 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0PE, United Kingdom
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8
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Patel RN. Biocatalytic synthesis of chiral alcohols and amino acids for development of pharmaceuticals. Biomolecules 2013; 3:741-77. [PMID: 24970190 PMCID: PMC4030968 DOI: 10.3390/biom3040741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chirality is a key factor in the safety and efficacy of many drug products and thus the production of single enantiomers of drug intermediates and drugs has become increasingly important in the pharmaceutical industry. There has been an increasing awareness of the enormous potential of microorganisms and enzymes derived there from for the transformation of synthetic chemicals with high chemo-, regio- and enatioselectivities. In this article, biocatalytic processes are described for the synthesis of chiral alcohols and unntural aminoacids for pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh N Patel
- SLRP Associates Consultation in Biotechnology, 572 Cabot Hill Road, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, USA.
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Muñoz Solano D, Hoyos P, Hernáiz MJ, Alcántara AR, Sánchez-Montero JM. Industrial biotransformations in the synthesis of building blocks leading to enantiopure drugs. Bioresour Technol 2012; 115:196-207. [PMID: 22230779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 11/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing demand of enantiomerically pure compounds, as well as the increasing strict safety, quality and environmentally requirements of industrial synthetic processes, the development of more sustainable, healthy and economically attractive strategies for the synthesis of chiral biologically active molecules is still an open challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. In this context, the biotransformations field has emerged as a real alternative to traditional synthetic routes, because of the exquisite chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivities commonly displayed by enzymes; thus, biocatalysis is becoming a widespread methodology for the synthesis of chiral compounds, not only at laboratory scale, but also at industrial scale. As hydrolases and oxido-reductases are the most employed enzymes, this review is focused on describing several industrial processes based on the use of these enzymes for obtaining chiral compounds useful for the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Muñoz Solano
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Bhuniya R, Nanda S. Enantiomeric scaffolding of α-tetralone and related scaffolds by EKR (Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution) and stereoselective ketoreduction with ketoreductases. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:536-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh N. Patel
- Biotechnology Department, Unimark Remedies, Ltd., Mumbai, India
- SLRP Associates, LLC, 572 Cabot Hill Road, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
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12
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Liang J, Lalonde J, Borup B, Mitchell V, Mundorff E, Trinh N, Kochrekar DA, Nair Cherat R, Pai GG. Development of a Biocatalytic Process as an Alternative to the (−)-DIP-Cl-Mediated Asymmetric Reduction of a Key Intermediate of Montelukast. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op900272d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Liang
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - James Lalonde
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - Birthe Borup
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - Vesna Mitchell
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - Emily Mundorff
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - Na Trinh
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - D. A. Kochrekar
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - Ramachandran Nair Cherat
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
| | - G. Ganesh Pai
- Codexis, Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, U.S.A., and Arch PharmLabs Limited, “H” Wing, Fourth Floor, Tex Centre, Off Saki Vihar Road, Chandivali Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400 072, India
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Homann MJ, Vail RB, Previte E, Tamarez M, Morgan B, Dodds DR, Zaks A. Rapid identification of enantioselective ketone reductions using targeted microbial libraries. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Panke S, Held M, Wubbolts MG, Witholt B, Schmid A. Pilot-scale production of (S)-styrene oxide from styrene by recombinant Escherichia coli synthesizing styrene monooxygenase. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 80:33-41. [PMID: 12209784 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant Escherichia coli JM101(pSPZ10) cells produce the styrene monooxygenase of Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120, which catalyzes the oxidation of styrene to (S)-styrene oxide at an enantiomeric excess larger than 99%. This biocatalyst was used to produce 388 g of styrene oxide in a two-liquid phase 30-L fed-batch bioconversion. The average overall volumetric activity was 170 U per liter over a period of more than 10 h, equivalent to mass transfer rates of 10.2 mmoles per liter per hour at a phase ratio of 0.5. At this transfer rate, the biotransformation system appeared to be substrate mass-transfer limited. The reactor had an estimated power input in the order of 5 W. L(-1), which is close to values typically obtained with commercially operating units. The product could be easily purified by fractional distillation to a purity in excess of 97%. The process illustrates the feasibility of recombinant whole cell biotransformations in two-liquid phase systems with toxic substrates and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Panke
- Institute of Biotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Hönggerberg HPT, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Chiral intermediates constitute a significant part of the fine chemicals market, which is strongly influenced by trends in the pharmaceutical industries, where approximately 70% of pharmaceuticals are expected to be enantiomerically pure in the next century as compared to 25% today. The main technologies by which enantiomerically pure ingredients are obtained today are (dynamic) resolutions of racemic mixtures. Asymmetric syntheses are being developed, but their applications in industry are still under represented. Biotechnological methods, resolutions as well as asymmetric syntheses, are becoming increasingly important in the industrial production of fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schulze
- DSM Research, PO Box 18, Geleen, 6160 MD, The Netherlands. birgit.
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