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Dufour T. From Basics to Frontiers: A Comprehensive Review of Plasma-Modified and Plasma-Synthesized Polymer Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3607. [PMID: 37688233 PMCID: PMC10490058 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review begins by tracing the historical development and progress of cold plasma technology as an innovative approach to polymer engineering. The study emphasizes the versatility of cold plasma derived from a variety of sources including low-pressure glow discharges (e.g., radiofrequency capacitively coupled plasmas) and atmospheric pressure plasmas (e.g., dielectric barrier devices, piezoelectric plasmas). It critically examines key operational parameters such as reduced electric field, pressure, discharge type, gas type and flow rate, substrate temperature, gap, and how these variables affect the properties of the synthesized or modified polymers. This review also discusses the application of cold plasma in polymer surface modification, underscoring how changes in surface properties (e.g., wettability, adhesion, biocompatibility) can be achieved by controlling various surface processes (etching, roughening, crosslinking, functionalization, crystallinity). A detailed examination of Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) reveals its efficacy in producing thin polymeric films from an array of precursors. Yasuda's models, Rapid Step-Growth Polymerization (RSGP) and Competitive Ablation Polymerization (CAP), are explained as fundamental mechanisms underpinning plasma-assisted deposition and polymerization processes. Then, the wide array of applications of cold plasma technology is explored, from the biomedical field, where it is used in creating smart drug delivery systems and biodegradable polymer implants, to its role in enhancing the performance of membrane-based filtration systems crucial for water purification, gas separation, and energy production. It investigates the potential for improving the properties of bioplastics and the exciting prospects for developing self-healing materials using this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Dufour
- LPP (UMR 7648), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Polytech. X, 4 Place Jussieu, B. C. 90, 75005 Paris, France
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Bhatt P, Kumar V, Subramaniyan V, Nagarajan K, Sekar M, Chinni SV, Ramachawolran G. Plasma Modification Techniques for Natural Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2066. [PMID: 37631280 PMCID: PMC10459779 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polymers have attracted significant attention in drug delivery applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. However, their surface properties often limit their use as drug delivery vehicles, as they may exhibit poor wettability, weak adhesion, and inadequate drug loading and release. Plasma treatment is a promising surface modification technique that can overcome these limitations by introducing various functional groups onto the natural polymer surface, thus enhancing its physicochemical and biological properties. This review provides a critical overview of recent advances in the plasma modification of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems, with a focus on controllable plasma treatment techniques. The review covers the fundamental principles of plasma generation, process control, and characterization of plasma-treated natural polymer surfaces. It discusses the various applications of plasma-modified natural polymer-based drug delivery systems, including improved biocompatibility, controlled drug release, and targeted drug delivery. The challenges and emerging trends in the field of plasma modification of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems are also highlighted. The review concludes with a discussion of the potential of controllable plasma treatment as a versatile and effective tool for the surface functionalization of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhatt
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India; (P.B.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandasamy Nagarajan
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India; (P.B.)
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suresh V. Chinni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience, and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602117, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gobinath Ramachawolran
- Department of Foundation, RCSI & UCD Malaysia Campus, No. 4, Jalan Sepoy Lines, Georgetown 10450, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Bîrleanu E, Mihăilă I, Topală I, Borcia C, Borcia G. Adhesion Properties and Stability of Non-Polar Polymers Treated by Air Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112443. [PMID: 37299241 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) has advantages for enhancing the adhesion of polymers and has to provide uniform, efficient treatment, which also limits the recovery effect of treated surfaces. This study investigates the effects of APP treatment on polymers that have no oxygen bonded in their structure and varying crystallinity, aiming to assess the maximum level of modification and the post-treatment stability of non-polar polymers based on their initial structure parameters, including the crystalline-amorphous structure. An APP reactor simulating continuous processing operating in air is employed, and the polymers are analyzed using contact angle measurement, XPS, AFM, and XRD. APP treatment significantly enhances the hydrophilic character of the polymers, with semicrystalline polymers exhibiting adhesion work values of approximately 105 mJ/m2 and 110 mJ/m2 for 0.5 s and 1.0 s exposure, respectively, while amorphous polymers reach approximately 128 mJ/m2. The maximum average oxygen uptake is around 30%. Short treatment times induce the roughening of the semicrystalline polymer surfaces, while the amorphous polymer surfaces become smoother. The polymers exhibit a limit to their modification level, with 0.5 s exposure being optimal for significant surface property changes. The treated surfaces remain remarkably stable, with the contact angle only reverting by a few degrees toward that of the untreated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bîrleanu
- Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ilarion Mihăilă
- Integrated Center of Environmental Science Studies in the North-Eastern Development Region (CERNESIM), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionuț Topală
- Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cătălin Borcia
- Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Borcia
- Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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Lourdu Madanu T, Chaabane L, Mouchet SR, Deparis O, Su BL. Manipulating multi-spectral slow photons in bilayer inverse opal TiO 2@BiVO 4 composites for highly enhanced visible light photocatalysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 647:233-245. [PMID: 37253292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of light has been proved to be a promising strategy to increase light harvesting in solar-to-chemical energy conversion, especially in photocatalysis. Inverse opal (IO) photonic structures are highly promising for light manipulation as their periodic dielectric structures enable them to slow down light and localize it within the structure, thereby improving light harvesting and photocatalytic efficiency. However, slow photons are confined to narrow wavelength ranges and hence limit the amount of energy that can be captured through light manipulation. To address this challenge, we synthesized bilayer IO TiO2@BiVO4 structures that manifested two distinct stop band gap (SBG) peaks, arising from different pore sizes in each layer, with slow photons available at either edge of each SBG. In addition, we achieved precise control over the frequencies of these multi-spectral slow photons through pore size and incidence angle variations, that enabled us to tune their wavelengths to the electronic absorption of the photocatalyst for optimal light utilization in aqueous phase visible light photocatalysis. This first proof of concept involving multi-spectral slow photon utilization enabled us to achieve up to 8.5 times and 2.2 times higher photocatalytic efficiencies than the corresponding non-structured and monolayer IO photocatalysts respectively. Through this work, we have successfully and significantly improved light harvesting efficiency in slow photon-assisted photocatalysis, the principles of which can be extended to other light harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lourdu Madanu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Laroussi Chaabane
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Sébastien R Mouchet
- Solid-State Physics Laboratory (LPS) & Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; School of Physics, University of Exeter, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Olivier Deparis
- Solid-State Physics Laboratory (LPS) & Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
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Zhu X, Li F, Guan X, Xu J, Cui X, Huang J, Liu F, Fang Z. Uniform-saturation modification for hydrophilicity improvement of large-scale PET by plasma-electrified treatment. Eur Polym J 2022; 181:111656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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