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Wang X, Wang Q, Wang Q. Community structure of AM fungal species of six host plant species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Symbiosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-022-00884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Breidenbach A, Schleuss PM, Liu S, Schneider D, Dippold MA, de la Haye T, Miehe G, Heitkamp F, Seeber E, Mason-Jones K, Xu X, Huanming Y, Xu J, Dorji T, Gube M, Norf H, Meier J, Guggenberger G, Kuzyakov Y, Spielvogel S. Microbial functional changes mark irreversible course of Tibetan grassland degradation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2681. [PMID: 35562338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau’s Kobresia pastures store 2.5% of the world’s soil organic carbon (SOC). Climate change and overgrazing render their topsoils vulnerable to degradation, with SOC stocks declining by 42% and nitrogen (N) by 33% at severely degraded sites. We resolved these losses into erosion accounting for two-thirds, and decreased carbon (C) input and increased SOC mineralization accounting for the other third, and confirmed these results by comparison with a meta-analysis of 594 observations. The microbial community responded to the degradation through altered taxonomic composition and enzymatic activities. Hydrolytic enzyme activities were reduced, while degradation of the remaining recalcitrant soil organic matter by oxidative enzymes was accelerated, demonstrating a severe shift in microbial functioning. This may irreversibly alter the world´s largest alpine pastoral ecosystem by diminishing its C sink function and nutrient cycling dynamics, negatively impacting local food security, regional water quality and climate. The Tibetan Kobresia pastures store 2.5% of the world’s soil organic carbon. Here the authors show that soil degradation and microbial shifts may irreversibly diminish the carbon sink function and accelerate nutrient losses.
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Suting EG, Olivia Devi N. Occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in trap cultures from limestone mining sites and un-mined forest soil of Mawsmai, Meghalaya. Trop Ecol 2021; 62:525-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-021-00144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang Q, Bao Y, Nan J, Xu D. AM fungal diversity and its impact across three types of mid-temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. Mycorrhiza 2020; 30:97-108. [PMID: 31832763 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal diversity was measured in three different natural mid-temperate steppe types: the meadow steppe, typical steppe, and desert steppe. In these steppe soils, 24 AM fungal species from eight genera were identified, in which Glomus had the highest relative abundance. Funneliformis geosporus, Glomus microaggregatum, and Septoglomus constrictum had high relative abundance and were found widely across varying soil depth and steppe type. Meadow steppes had significantly higher AM fungal species richness compared to typical steppes and desert steppes, but there was no significant difference between typical steppes and desert steppes. AM fungal spore density, two Bradford-reactive soil protein (BRSP) fractions, and extraradical hyphal length densities (HLDs) were significantly different among the three steppe types. Alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activity, urease activity, and soil bacterial and actinomycotic quantity were significantly related to the AM fungal spore density and species richness in these arid and semi-arid steppes. Therefore, steppe types could influence the distribution pattern of AM fungal diversity and the content of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Nan
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Daolong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
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Goomaral A, Yamato M, Kusakabe R, Undarmaa J, Yamanaka N, Taniguchi T. Effects of livestock grazing intensity on soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin-related soil protein in a mountain forest steppe and a desert steppe of Mongolia. Landscape Ecol Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-019-00399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jiang S, Pan J, Shi G, Dorji T, Hopping KA, Klein JA, Liu Y, Feng H. Identification of root-colonizing AM fungal communities and their responses to short-term climate change and grazing on Tibetan plateau. Symbiosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-017-0497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang J, Wang F, Che R, Wang P, Liu H, Ji B, Cui X. Precipitation shapes communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Tibetan alpine steppe. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23488. [PMID: 27002188 PMCID: PMC4802204 DOI: 10.1038/srep23488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibetan Plateau is one of the largest and most unique habitats for organisms including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, it remains unclear how AMF communities respond to key environmental changes in this harsh environment. To test if precipitation could be a driving force in shaping AMF community structures at regional scale, we examined AMF communities associated with dominant plant species along a precipitation gradient in Tibetan alpine steppe. Rhizosphere soils were collected from five sites with annual precipitation decreasing from 400 to 50 mm. A total of 31 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. AMF community composition varied significantly among sites, whereas AMF community composition did not vary among plant species. Path analysis revealed that precipitation directly affected AMF hyphal length density, and indirectly influenced AMF species richness likely through the mediation of plant coverage. Our results suggested that water availability could drive the changes of AMF communities at regional scale. Given the important roles AMF could play in the dynamics of plant communities, exploring the changes of AMF communities along key environmental gradients would help us better predict the ecosystem level responses of the Tibetan vegetation to future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rongxiao Che
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hanke Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baoming Ji
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyong Cui
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
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Yang Y, Ji C, Robinson D, Zhu B, Fang H, Shen H, Fang J. Vegetation and Soil 15N Natural Abundance in Alpine Grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau: Patterns and Implications. Ecosystems 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-013-9664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Regvar M, Bukovnik U, Likar M, Kreft I. UV-B radiation affects flavonoids and fungal colonisation in Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum. Open Life Sci 2012; 7:275-83. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-012-0017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the present study, we have evaluated the effects of increased UV-B radiation that simulates 17% ozone depletion, on fungal colonisation and concentrations of rutin, catechin and quercetin in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum). Induced root growth and reduced shoot:root ratios were seen in both of these buckwheat species after enhanced UV-B radiation. There was specific induction of shoot quercetin concentrations in UV-B-treated common buckwheat, whereas there were no specific responses for flavonoid metabolism in tartary buckwheat. Root colonisation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi significantly reduced catechin concentrations in common buckwheat roots, and induced rutin concentrations in tartary buckwheat, but did not affect shoot concentrations of the measured phenolics. Specific UV-B-related reductions in the density of microsclerotia were observed in tartary buckwheat, indicating a mechanism that potentially affects fungus-plant interactions. The data support the hypothesis that responses to enhanced UV-B radiation can be influenced by the plant pre-adaptation properties and related changes in flavonoid metabolism.
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He X, Duan Y, Chen Y, Xu M. A 60-year journey of mycorrhizal research in China: Past, present and future directions. Sci China Life Sci 2010; 53:1374-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-010-4096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ming Gao
- a Key Laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology , Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liang-Dong Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Systematic Mycology and Lichenology , Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100101, China
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Gai JP, Christie P, Cai XB, Fan JQ, Zhang JL, Feng G, Li XL. Occurrence and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species in three types of grassland community of the Tibetan Plateau. Ecol Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-009-0618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Likar M, Bukovnik U, Kreft I, Chrungoo NK, Regvar M. Mycorrhizal status and diversity of fungal endophytes in roots of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum). Mycorrhiza 2008; 18:309-315. [PMID: 18597124 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-008-0181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To determine the mycorrhizal status and to identify the fungi colonising the roots of the plants, common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum) were inoculated with an indigenous fungal mixture from a buckwheat field. Root colonisation was characterised by the hyphae and distinct microsclerotia of dark septate endophytes, with occasional arbuscules and vesicles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Sequences of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonising tartary buckwheat clustered close to the Glomus species group A. Sequences with similarity to the Ceratobasidium/Rhizoctonia complex, a putative dark septate endophyte fungus, were amplified from the roots of both common and tartary buckwheat. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation in tartary buckwheat and the first molecular characterisation of these fungi that can colonise both of these economically important plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matevz Likar
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovania
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GarcÃa IV, Mendoza RE. Relationships among soil properties, plant nutrition and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiâplant symbioses in a temperate grassland along hydrologic, saline and sodic gradients. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2008; 63:359-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Su YY, Guo LD. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in non-grazed, restored and over-grazed grassland in the Inner Mongolia steppe. Mycorrhiza 2007; 17:689-693. [PMID: 17882458 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-007-0151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal diversity was investigated in non-grazed, restored and over-grazed (fenced) plots of a grassland in the Inner Mongolia steppe. Plant cover and variety differ between the plots, being highest in the non-grazed to lowest in the over-grazed plots. A total of 19 AM fungal taxa belonging to six genera were found based on spores isolated from field samples and trap cultures. One belonged to Acaulospora, one to Archaeospora, one to Entrophospora, one to Gigaspora, 12 to Glomus and three to Scutellospora. Glomus was the dominant genus in all plots, and Glomus geosporum was the dominant species, whilst G. albidum and G. etunicatum were dominant in the restored plot. Scutellospora was the second dominant genus in the non-grazed plot with Scutellospora calospora being the dominant species. The mean spore density and mean species richness of AM fungi were significantly decreased by long-term over-grazing. The Sorenson's similarity coefficients of AM fungal community composition ranged from 0.5 to 0.64 among the three types of plot management. The results suggest that the AM fungal diversity is greatly affected by long-term over-grazing and that fencing of degraded areas partly restores plant cover and AM fungal diversity in grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ying Su
- Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Dong Guo
- Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
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Titus JH, Whitcomb S, Pitoniak HJ. Distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizae in relation to microsites on primary successional substrates on Mount St. Helens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/b07-099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) occur in most terrestrial ecosystems and are crucial to plant community structure and function. This study examined the distribution of AMF propagules, spores, and colonized plants across the Pumice Plain of Mount St. Helens 23 years after its eruption, documenting the changes since 1993. Propagules of AMF were detected by using the mycorrhizal inoculum potential assay in six microsite types across the Pumice Plain. Fifteen species of AMF were isolated from spore trap cultures, and spores were found in all of the microsites, although the distribution was aggregated. The vegetation of the Pumice Plain is currently composed primarily of facultatively mycotrophic species, which are predominantly associated with arbuscular mycorrhizae. Mycorrhizal colonization and propagule levels continue to increase as primary succession proceeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H. Titus
- Department of Biology, SUNY-Fredonia, Fredonia, NY 14063, USA
- Life Science Department, Mesa Community College, Mesa, AZ 85202, USA
| | - Sean Whitcomb
- Department of Biology, SUNY-Fredonia, Fredonia, NY 14063, USA
- Life Science Department, Mesa Community College, Mesa, AZ 85202, USA
| | - Hillary Joy Pitoniak
- Department of Biology, SUNY-Fredonia, Fredonia, NY 14063, USA
- Life Science Department, Mesa Community College, Mesa, AZ 85202, USA
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