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Jiang X, Chen D, Zhang Y, Naz M, Dai Z, Qi S, Du D. Impacts of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Metabolites of an Invasive Weed Wedelia trilobata. Microorganisms 2024; 12:701. [PMID: 38674645 PMCID: PMC11052372 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The invasive plant Wedelia trilobata benefits in various aspects, such as nutrient absorption and environmental adaptability, by establishing a close symbiotic relationship with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, our understanding of whether AMF can benefit W. trilobata by influencing its metabolic profile remains limited. In this study, Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was conducted to analyze the metabolites of W. trilobata under AMF inoculation. Metabolomic analysis identified 119 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) between the groups inoculated with AMF and those not inoculated with AMF. Compared to plants with no AMF inoculation, plants inoculated with AMF showed upregulation in the relative expression of 69 metabolites and downregulation in the relative expression of 50 metabolites. AMF significantly increased levels of various primary and secondary metabolites in plants, including amino acids, organic acids, plant hormones, flavonoids, and others, with amino acids being the most abundant among the identified substances. The identified DEMs mapped 53 metabolic pathways, with 7 pathways strongly influenced by AMF, particularly the phenylalanine metabolism pathway. Moreover, we also observed a high colonization level of AMF in the roots of W. trilobata, significantly promoting the shoot growth of this plant. These changes in metabolites and metabolic pathways significantly affect multiple physiological and biochemical processes in plants, such as free radical scavenging, osmotic regulation, cell structure stability, and material synthesis. In summary, AMF reprogrammed the metabolic pathways of W. trilobata, leading to changes in both primary and secondary metabolomes, thereby benefiting the growth of W. trilobata and enhancing its ability to respond to various biotic and abiotic stressors. These findings elucidate the molecular regulatory role of AMF in the invasive plant W. trilobata and provide new insights into the study of its competitive and stress resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Jiang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (X.J.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Daiyi Chen
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (X.J.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (X.J.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Misbah Naz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.N.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhicong Dai
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.N.); (Z.D.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (X.J.); (D.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.N.); (Z.D.)
- Jingjiang College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Afshana, Reshi ZA, Shah MA, Malik RA, Rashid I. Species composition of root-associated mycobiome of ruderal invasive Anthemis cotula L. varies with elevation in Kashmir Himalaya. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:1053-1071. [PMID: 37093323 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the microbial communities associated with invasive plant species can provide insights into how these species establish and thrive in new environments. Here, we explored the fungal species associated with the roots of the invasive species Anthemis cotula L. at 12 sites with varying elevations in the Kashmir Himalaya. Illumina MiSeq platform was used to identify the species composition, diversity, and guild structure of these root-associated fungi. The study found a total of 706 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 8 phyla, 20 classes, 53 orders, 109 families, and 160 genera associated with roots of A. cotula, with the most common genus being Funneliformis. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) constituted the largest guild at higher elevations. The study also revealed that out of the 12 OTUs comprising the core mycobiome, 4 OTUs constituted the stable component while the remaining 8 OTUs comprised the dynamic component. While α-diversity did not vary across sites, significant variation was noted in β-diversity. The study confirmed the facilitative role of the microbiome through a greenhouse trial in which a significant effect of soil microbiome on height, shoot biomass, root biomass, number of flower heads, and internal CO2 concentration of the host plant was observed. The study indicates that diverse fungal mutualists get associated with this invasive alien species even in nutrient-rich ruderal habitats and may be contributing to its spread into higher elevations. This study highlights the importance of understanding the role of root-associated fungi in invasion dynamics and the potential use of mycobiome management strategies to control invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshana
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India.
| | - Manzoor A Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Rayees A Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
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Bączek-Kwinta R, Janowiak F, Simlat M, Antonkiewicz J. Involvement of Dynamic Adjustment of ABA, Proline and Sugar Levels in Rhizomes in Effective Acclimation of Solidago gigantea to Contrasting Weather and Soil Conditions in the Country of Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15368. [PMID: 37895047 PMCID: PMC10607263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea Aiton) is one of the most invasive plant species occurring in Europe. Since little is known about the molecular mechanisms contributing to its invasiveness, we examined the natural dynamics of the content of rhizome compounds, which can be crucial for plant resistance and adaptation to environmental stress. We focused on rhizomes because they are the main vector of giant goldenrod dispersion in invaded lands. Water-soluble sugars, proline, and abscisic acid (ABA) were quantified in rhizomes, as well as ABA in the rhizosphere from three different but geographically close natural locations in Poland (50°04'11.3″ N, 19°50'40.2″ E) under extreme light, thermal, and soil conditions, in early spring, late summer, and late autumn. The genetic diversity of plants between locations was checked using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Sugar and proline content was assayed spectrophotometrically, and abscisic acid (ABA) with the ELISA immunomethod. It can be assumed that the accumulation of sugars in giant goldenrod rhizomes facilitated the process of plant adaptation to adverse environmental conditions (high temperature and/or water scarcity) caused by extreme weather in summer and autumn. The same was true for high levels of proline and ABA in summer. On the other hand, the lowering of proline and ABA in autumn did not confirm the previous assumptions about their synthesis in rhizomes during the acquisition of frost resistance by giant goldenrod. However, in the location with intensive sunlight and most extreme soil conditions, a constant amount of ABA in rhizomes was noticed as well as its exudation into the rhizosphere. This research indicates that soluble sugars, proline, and ABA alterations in rhizomes can participate in the mechanism of acclimation of S. gigantea to specific soil and meteorological conditions in the country of invasion irrespective of plant genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bączek-Kwinta
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Podłużna 3, ul. Łobzowska 24, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Franciszek Janowiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Simlat
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Podłużna 3, ul. Łobzowska 24, 30-239 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Jacek Antonkiewicz
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland;
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Jakubcsiková M, Demková L, Renčo M, Čerevková A. Evaluation of the Effect of Organic Matter from Invasive Plants on Soil Nematode Communities. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3459. [PMID: 37836199 PMCID: PMC10575270 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Invasive plants can cause loss of biodiversity and degradation of ecosystems with varying degrees of impact on soil communities. Little is known about how the organic matter of these invaders in the soil affects soil properties and nematode communities. We performed a pot experiment with non-invaded grassland soil and organic matter from two invasive plants, Fallopia japonica and Solidago gigantea, to assess and compare the composition and function of the nematode communities and soil properties. We tested five treatments: (1) non-invaded grassland soil (S), (2) 100% decayed organic matter from F. japonica (OMF), (3) 100% decayed organic matter from S. gigantea (OMS), (4) 50% soil plus 50% organic matter from F. japonica (S/OMF), and (5) 50% soil plus 50% organic matter from S. gigantea (S/OMS). Analysis of nematode composition was conducted over five months from May to September. The number of identified genera and diversity index was highest in the S treatment. The soil moisture content was highest, pH and the diversity index were lowest and herbivorous nematodes were absent in OMF and OMS treatments. The addition of OMF and OMS to soil decreased the soil pH and moisture content and increased the contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen. In S/OMF, the abundance of herbivores was lower than in S and the abundances of bacterivores and fungivores decreased during the study period. In the S/OMS, a significantly high diversity index was observed, similar to that in the S treatment. The selected ecological and functional indices differed between S/OMF, S/OMS and S, but not significantly. Our findings indicated that the organic matter from the two invasive plants could differentially contribute to interactions with nematode communities. A decrease in productivity and the slowing of nutrient cycling demonstrated by the decrease in the abundances of bacterivores and fungivorous nematodes may be common adding organic matter of invasive plants to soil. A decrease in the abundance of herbivores after the application of organic matter of F. japonica could potentially be used as an ecologically friendly management strategy against plant parasitic nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Jakubcsiková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Science, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.J.); (M.R.)
| | - Lenka Demková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia;
| | - Marek Renčo
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Science, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.J.); (M.R.)
| | - Andrea Čerevková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Science, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.J.); (M.R.)
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Li W, Hu XY, Zhu CS, Guo SX, Li M. Control effect of root exudates from mycorrhizal watermelon seedlings on Fusarium wilt and the bacterial community in continuously cropped soil. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1225897. [PMID: 37767292 PMCID: PMC10520283 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1225897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is susceptible to wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp niveum (FON). AMF colonization alleviates watermelon wilt and regulates the composition of root exudates, but the effects of mycorrhizal watermelon root exudates on watermelon Fusarium wilt is not well understood. Root exudates of watermelon inoculated with AMF (Funeliformis mosseae or Glomus versiformme) were collected in this study. Then the root exudates of control plants and mycorrhizal plants were used to irrigate watermelon in continuous cropping soil, respectively. Meanwhile, the watermelon growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and bacterial community composition, as well as the control effect on FON were analyzed. The results indicated that mycorrhizal watermelon root exudates promoted the growth of watermelon seedlings and increased soil enzyme activities, actinomyces, and the quantity of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. The proportion of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides was decreased, and the proportion of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi in rhizosphere soil was increased when the seedlings were watered with high concentrations of mycorrhizal root exudates. The dominant bacterial genera in rhizosphere soil were Kaistobacter, Rhodanobacter, Thermomonas, Devosia, and Bacillus. The root exudates of mycorrhizal watermelon could reduce the disease index of Fusarium wilt by 6.7-30%, and five ml/L of watermelon root exudates inoculated with F. mosseae had the strongest inhibitory effect on watermelon Fusarium wilt. Our results suggest mycorrhizal watermelon root exudates changed the composition of bacteria and soil enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil, which increase the resistance of watermelon to Fusarium wilt and promoted the growth of plants in continuous cropping soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Yi Hu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng-Shang Zhu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shao Xia Guo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Liu G, Liu R, Lee BR, Song X, Zhang W, Zhu Z, Shi Y. The Invasion of Galinsoga quadriradiata into High Elevations Is Shaped by Variation in AMF Communities. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3190. [PMID: 37765354 PMCID: PMC10534310 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Mountain ranges have been previously suggested to act as natural barriers to plant invasion due to extreme environmental conditions. However, how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affect invasion into these systems has been less explored. Here, we investigated how changes in AMF communities affect the performance of Galinsoga quadriradiata in mountain ranges. We performed a greenhouse experiment to study the impact of inoculations of AMF from different elevations on the performance and reproduction of invaders and how competition with native plants changes the effects of invader-AMF interactions. We found strong evidence for a nuanced role of AMF associations in the invasion trajectory of G. quadriradiata, with facilitative effects at low elevations and inhibitory effects at high elevations. Galinsoga quadriradiata performed best when grown with inoculum collected from the same elevation but performed worst when grown with inoculum collected from beyond its currently invaded range, suggesting that AMF communities can help deter invasion at high elevations. Finally, the invasive plants grown alone experienced negative effects from AMF, while those grown in competition experienced positive effects, regardless of the AMF source. This suggests that G. quadriradiata lowers its partnerships with AMF in stressful environments unless native plants are present, in which case it overpowers native plants to obtain AMF support during invasion. Finally, our results indicate that invader-AMF interactions can inhibit invasive range expansion at high elevations, and biotic interactions, in addition to harsh environmental conditions, make high-elevation mountain ranges natural barriers against continued invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.L.); (X.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Research Center for UAV Remote Sensing, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
- Changqing Teaching & Research Base of Ecology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.L.); (X.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Benjamin R. Lee
- Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Holden Forest and Gardens, Kirtland, OH 44094, USA
| | - Xingjiang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.L.); (X.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Wengang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.L.); (X.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.L.); (X.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Research Center for UAV Remote Sensing, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
- Changqing Teaching & Research Base of Ecology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (R.L.); (X.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.S.)
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Zhou Y, Wei M, Li Y, Tang M, Zhang H. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve growth and tolerance of Platycladus orientalis under lead stress. Int J Phytoremediation 2023; 25:1967-1978. [PMID: 37203166 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2212792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Platycladus orientalis is a significant woody plant for phytoremediation in heavy metals contaminated soils. The growth and tolerance of host plants under the lead (Pb) stress were enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). To evaluate the adjustment by AMF on growth and activity of antioxidant system of P. orientalis under Pb stress. The two-factor pot experiment was conducted with three AM fungal treatments (noninoculated, Rhizophagus irregularis, and Funneliformis mosseae) and four Pb levels (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg kg-1). AMF increased dry weight, phosphorus uptake, root vitality, and total chlorophyll content of P. orientalis in spite of Pb stress. Compared with nonmycorrhizal treatments, mycorrhizal P. orientalis had lower H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under Pb stress. AMF increased Pb uptake in roots and decreased the Pb translating to the shoots yet under Pb stress. Total glutathione and ascorbate in roots of P. orientalis were decreased by AMF inoculation. Mycorrhizal P. orientalis had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in shoots and roots than nonmycorrhizal counterparts. Mycorrhizal P. orientalis under Pb stress showed higher expression of PoGST1 and PoGST2 in roots than that in CK treatments. Future studies will explore the function of induced tolerance genes by AMF of P. orientalis under Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhou
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Man Wei
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Sudheer S, Johny L, Srivastava S, Adholeya A. The trade-in-trade: multifunctionalities, current market and challenges for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculants. Symbiosis 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-023-00905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Chen L, Wang M, Shi Y, Ma P, Xiao Y, Yu H, Ding J. Soil phosphorus form affects the advantages that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi confer on the invasive plant species, Solidago canadensis, over its congener. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1160631. [PMID: 37125154 PMCID: PMC10140316 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1160631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are strongly affected by soil phosphorus (P) availability. However, how P forms impact rhizosphere AMF diversity, community composition, and the co-occurrence network associated with native and invasive plants, and whether these changes in turn influence the invasiveness of alien species remain unclear. In this work, we performed a greenhouse experiment with the invasive species Solidago canadensis and its native congener S. decurrens to investigate how different forms of P altered the AMF community and evaluate how these changes were linked with the growth advantage of S. canadensis relative to S. decurrens. Plants were subjected to five different P treatments: no P addition (control), simple inorganic P (sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaP), complex inorganic P (hydroxyapatite, CaP), simple organic P (adenosine monophosphate, AMP) and complex organic P (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, PA). Overall, invasive S. canadensis grew larger than native S. decurrens across all P treatments, and this growth advantage was strengthened when these species were grown in CaP and AMP treatments. The two Solidago species harbored divergent AMF communities, and soil P treatments significantly shifted AMF community composition. In particular, the differences in AMF diversity, community composition, topological features and keystone taxa of the co-occurrence networks between S. canadensis and S. decurrens were amplified when the dominant form of soil P was altered. Despite significant correlations between AMF alpha diversity, community structure, co-occurrence network composition and plant performance, we found that alpha diversity and keystone taxa of the AMF co-occurrence networks were the primary factors influencing plant growth and the growth advantage of invasive S. canadensis between soil P treatments. These results suggest that AMF could confer invasive plants with greater advantages over native congeners, depending on the forms of P in the soil, and emphasize the important roles of multiple AMF traits in plant invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Pinpin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yali Xiao
- School of Life Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Hongwei Yu, ; Jianqing Ding,
| | - Jianqing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Hongwei Yu, ; Jianqing Ding,
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Ran Z, Ding W, Cao S, Fang L, Zhou J, Zhang Y. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Effects on secondary metabolite accumulation of traditional Chinese medicines. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:932-938. [PMID: 35733285 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played a pivotal role in maintaining the health of people, and the intrinsic quality of TCM is directly related to the clinical efficacy. The medicinal ingredients of TCM are derived from the secondary metabolites of plant metabolism and are also the result of the coordination of various physiological activities in plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are among the most ubiquitous plant mutualists that enhance the growth and yield of plants by facilitating the uptake of nutrients and water. Symbiosis of AMF with higher plants promotes growth and helps in the accumulation of secondary metabolites. However, there is still no systematic analysis and summation of their roles in the application of TCM, biosynthesis and accumulation of active substances of herbs, as well as the mechanisms. AMF directly or indirectly affect the accumulation of secondary metabolites of TCM, which is the focus of this review. First, in this review, the effects of AMF symbiosis on the content of different secondary metabolites in TCM, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids, are summarized. Moreover, the mechanism of AMF regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites was also considered, in combination with the establishment of mycorrhizal symbionts, response mechanisms of plant hormones, nutritional elements and expression of key enzyme their activities. Finally, combined with the current application prospects for AMF in TCM, future in-depth research is planned, thus providing a reference for improving the quality of TCM. In this manuscript, we review the research status of AMF in promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in TCM to provide new ideas and methods for improving the quality of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - W Ding
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - S Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - L Fang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - J Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Metwally RA, Azab HS, Al-Shannaf HM, Rabie GH. Prospective of mycorrhiza and Beauvaria bassiana silica nanoparticles on Gossypium hirsutum L. plants as biocontrol agent against cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:409. [PMID: 35987628 PMCID: PMC9392270 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-herbivorous insects are a severe danger to the world's agricultural production of various crops. Insecticides used indiscriminately resulted in habitat destruction due to their high toxicity, as well as disease resistance. In this respect, the development of a sustainable approach to supreme crop production with the least damage is a crucially prerequisite. As a result, the current study was carried out to understand the potential effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi along with Beauvaria bassiana silica nanoparticles (Si NPs) as a new approach to increase cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. Merr.) defense against an insect herbivore, Spodoptera littoralis. AM and non-AM cotton plants were infested with S. littoralis and then sprayed with a biopesticide [B. bassiana Si NPs] or a chemical insecticide (Chlorpyrifos). RESULTS The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of B. bassiana Si NPs fungal extract showed that the major constituents identified were Oleyl alcohol, trifluoroacetate, 11-Dodecen-1-AL and 13-Octadecenal, (Z)-(CAS). Besides, results revealed a highly significant decrease in growth parameters in S. littoralis infested plants, however, with AM fungal inoculation a substantial improvement in growth traits and biochemical parameters such as protein and carbohydrates contents was observed. In addition, stimulation in proline and antioxidant enzymes activity and a decrease in malondialdehyde content were observed after AM inoculation. CONCLUSION AM fungi mitigate the harmful effects of herbivorous insects by strengthening the cotton plant's health via enhancing both morphological and biochemical traits that can partially or completely replace the application of chemical insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab A Metwally
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Hala Sh Azab
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hatem M Al-Shannaf
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal H Rabie
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Qi S, Wang J, Wan L, Dai Z, da Silva Matos DM, Du D, Egan S, Bonser SP, Thomas T, Moles AT. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Contribute to Phosphorous Uptake and Allocation Strategies of Solidago canadensis in a Phosphorous-Deficient Environment. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:831654. [PMID: 35401639 PMCID: PMC8987128 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.831654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can facilitate the uptake of limiting or inaccessible nutrients by plants. However, the importance of AMF for invasive plants under phosphorus (P) limitation is poorly well understood because of the presence of non-focal microorganisms, such as endophytes or rhizosphere bacteria. In this study, we investigated how an invasive clonal plant Solidago canadensis benefits from the AMF Glomus intraradices by using a completely sterile culturing system, which is composed of aseptic seedlings, a pure AMF strain, and a sterile growth environment. We found that the colonization rate, abundance, and spore production of AMF in the insoluble P treatment was more than twice as much as in the available P treatment. Plant above-ground growth was enhanced almost 50% by AMF in the insoluble P treatment. Importantly, AMF were able to facilitate P acquisition by the plant in insoluble P conditions, allowing plants to have lower investment into below-ground biomass and higher benefit/return for above-ground biomass. This study demonstrated the important contribution that AMF make to plants in phosphate-deficient environments eliminating interference from non-focal microorganisms. Our results also suggest that interaction with AMF could contribute to the invasiveness of clonal plant S. canadensis in a resource-deficient environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lingyun Wan
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Zhicong Dai
- School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Daolin Du
- School of the Environment Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Suhelen Egan
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen P. Bonser
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Angela T. Moles
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Rożek K, Rola K, Zubek S. Slight dependence of temperate-forest herbaceous plants, Geum urbanum and Senecio ovatus, on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enables them to colonise soils with a low level of AMF abundance. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258862. [PMID: 34699539 PMCID: PMC8547634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While numerous studies have revealed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance plant performance, the influence of these symbionts on temperate-forest herbaceous species in relation to soil physical and chemical properties has been left largely unexplored. Therefore, two perennial herbs, Geum urbanum (Rosaceae) and Senecio ovatus (Asteraceae), were examined in a laboratory pot experiment to determine whether AMF influenced their growth, photosynthetic performance index, and N and P contents in biomass. The treatments, involving three widespread AMF species, were prepared in the soils of two habitats colonised by both plants, namely beech and riparian forests, as follows: (1) control—soils without AMF, (2) Claroideoglomus claroideum, (3) Funneliformis geosporus, and (4) Funneliformis mosseae. Neither shoot mass nor photosynthetic performance index of G. urbanum and S. ovatus was enhanced by AMF. Senecio ovatus root mass was increased compared to control only by F. geosporus. Inconsistent effects were observed in N and P contents in shoots and roots of both species. The direction and magnitude of these responses were dependent on the fungal species and soil type. Although the plant species belong to families whose representatives are usually regularly colonised by and highly responsive to AMF, our study indicates that AMF had only a slight impact on the performance of G. urbanum and S. ovatus at the early stages of their development. The plants being slightly dependent on AMF are thus adapted to colonise temperate-forest soils with a low level of availability of AMF propagules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rożek
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Kaja Rola
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Zubek
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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14
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Nagy DU, Rauschert ESJ, Callaway RM, Henn T, Filep R, Pal RW. Intense mowing management suppresses invader, but shifts competitive resistance by a native to facilitation. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid U. Nagy
- Institute of Geobotany/Plant Ecology Martin‐Luther‐University Halle, Große Steinstraße 79/80 Halle (Saale) D‐06108 Germany
- Cochrane Hungary Medical Centre University of Pécs József Attila u. 7 Pécs 7623 Hungary
| | - Emily S. J. Rauschert
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University 2121 Euclid Avenue Cleveland OH 44115‐2214 U.S.A
| | - Ragan M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems University of Montana Missoula MT 59812 U.S.A
| | - Tamás Henn
- József Attila Library and Museum Collection City Government of Komló Városház Tér 1 Komló 7300 Hungary
| | - Rita Filep
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Pécs Rókus u. 2 Pécs 7624 Hungary
| | - Robert W. Pal
- Department of Biological Sciences Montana Technological University 1300 Park Street, Butte 59701 U.S.A
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15
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Bhantana P, Rana MS, Sun XC, Moussa MG, Saleem MH, Syaifudin M, Shah A, Poudel A, Pun AB, Bhat MA, Mandal DL, Shah S, Zhihao D, Tan Q, Hu CX. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and its major role in plant growth, zinc nutrition, phosphorous regulation and phytoremediation. Symbiosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-021-00756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Huang D, Wang Q, Jing G, Ma M, Li C, Ma F. Overexpression of MdIAA24 improves apple drought resistance by positively regulating strigolactone biosynthesis and mycorrhization. Tree Physiol 2021; 41:134-146. [PMID: 32856070 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Most land plant species have the ability to establish a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. These fungi penetrate into root cortical cells and form branched structures (known as arbuscules) for nutrient exchange. We cloned the MdIAA24 from apple (Malus domestica) following its up-regulation during AM symbiosis. Results demonstrate the positive impact of the overexpression (OE) of MdIAA24 in apple on AM colonization. We observed the strigolactone (SL) synthesis genes, including MdD27, MdCCD7, MdCCD8a, MdCCD8b and MdMAXa, to be up-regulated in the OE lines. Thus, the OE lines exhibited both a higher SL content and colonization rate. Furthermore, we observed that the OE lines were able to maintain better growth parameters under AM inoculation conditions. Under drought stress with the AM inoculation, the OE lines were less damaged, which was demonstrated by a higher relative water content, a lower relative electrolytic leakage, a greater osmotic adjustment, a higher reactive oxygen species scavenging ability, an improved gas exchange capacity and an increased chlorophyll fluorescence performance. Our findings demonstrate that the OE of MdIAA24 in apple positively regulates the synthesis of SL and the formation of arbuscules as a drought stress coping mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangquan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengnan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China
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17
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Akinyemi DS, Zhu Y, Zhao M, Zhang P, Shen H, Fang J. Response of soil extracellular enzyme activity to experimental precipitation in a shrub-encroached grassland in Inner Mongolia. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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18
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Xia T, Wang Y, He Y, Wu C, Shen K, Tan Q, Kang L, Guo Y, Wu B, Han X. An invasive plant experiences greater benefits of root morphology from enhancing nutrient competition associated with arbuscular mycorrhizae in karst soil than a native plant. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234410. [PMID: 32516341 PMCID: PMC7282705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Eupatorium adenophorum have widespread invaded the karst ecosystem of southwest China and threatened the regional native community stability. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) plays an important role in promoting growth for host plants via root external mycelia. However, whether AM regulates plant root traits underlying competition between invasive and native species via mycorrhizal networks in karst habitats, remains unclear. An experiment was conducted in a microcosm composed of two planting compartments flanking a competition compartment. The invasive E. adenophorum and native Artemisia annua were each placed in one of the two planting compartments with or without Glomus etunicatum fungus. The nutrient access treatments included the competitive utilization (Cu), single utilization (Su) and non-utilization (Nu) by using different nylon meshes allowed or prevented mycelium passing to acquire nutrients from the competition compartment. Root traits and nutrients of the two species were analyzed. The results showed that AM fungi had differential effects on root traits and nutrients of E. adenophorum and A. annua seedlings, which increased dry weight, length, surface area, volume, tips and branching points in roots, specific root length and volume, root nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents under Cu, Su and Nu treatments. AM fungus was also associated with decreases in the average diameter for both species. Under the Cu treatment, E. adenophorum had significantly greater length, surface area, volume, tips and branching points of roots, specific root traits, and root N and P than A. annua. AM fungi changed root phenotypes and nutrient uptake for both invasive and native plant species via interconnected mycorrhizal networks. Overall, our results suggest that through mycorrhizal networks, the invasive plant experiences greater benefits than the native plant in the nutrient competition, which fosters root morphological developments in karst soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xia
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering
Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural
University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuejun He
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Changbang Wu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Kaiping Shen
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Qiyu Tan
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Liling Kang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Yun Guo
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Bangli Wu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
| | - Xu Han
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Institue for Forest
Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang,
China
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19
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Gao X, Guo H, Zhang Q, Guo H, Zhang L, Zhang C, Gou Z, Liu Y, Wei J, Chen A, Chu Z, Zeng F. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhanced the growth, yield, fiber quality and phosphorus regulation in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Sci Rep 2020; 10:2084. [PMID: 32034269 PMCID: PMC7005850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported on the strong symbiosis of AMF species (Rhizophagus irregularis CD1) with the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) which is grown worldwide. In current study, it was thus investigated in farmland to determine the biological control effect of AMF on phosphorus acquisition and related gene expression regulation, plant growth and development, and a series of agronomic traits associated with yield and fiber quality in cotton. When AMF and cotton were symbiotic, the expression of the specific phosphate transporter family genes and P concentration in the cotton biomass were significantly enhanced. The photosynthesis, growth, boll number per plant and the maturity of the fiber were increased through the symbiosis between cotton and AMF. Statistical analysis showed a highly significant increase in yield for inoculated plots compared with that from the non inoculated controls, with an increase percentage of 28.54%. These findings clearly demonstrate here the benefits of AMF-based inoculation on phosphorus acquisition, growth, seed cotton yield and fiber quality in cotton. Further improvement of these beneficial inoculants on crops will help increase farmers' income all over the world both now and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Junmei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Aiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China.
| | - Fanchang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, P. R. China.
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Zhou Y, Staver AC. Enhanced activity of soil nutrient-releasing enzymes after plant invasion: a meta-analysis. Ecology 2019; 100:e02830. [PMID: 31323119 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasion can significantly alter soil nutrient cycling of ecosystems. How these changes are linked to soil enzyme activities is still unknown, however, even though these are proximate agents of organic matter decomposition and nutrient release. We performed a meta-analysis of 60 case studies examining responses of 10 unique soil enzymes to plant invasion, and tested whether invaded soils differed in their enzyme activities from uninvaded soils. We also examined whether increases in soil nutrient-releasing enzyme activity were paralleled by enhanced soil nutrient availability after plant invasion. Overall, we found that plant invasion had significant impacts on the activities of seven types of soil enzymes. Plant invasion had inconsistent impacts on C-decomposing enzymes, but invaded sites had significantly higher activities of soil enzymes related to N- and P-release than noninvaded sites. Increases in nutrient-releasing enzyme activity after plant invasion ranged from +23% to +69%, which potentially results in a linear increase of soil nutrient availability in response to enhanced enzyme activities. Invaded soils also had higher nutrient stocks and soil microbial biomass than uninvaded soils. Our results suggest that enhanced activity of soil nutrient-releasing enzymes after plant invasion may accelerate nutrient cycling, potentially creating a nutrient-rich soil environment that benefits invaders and promotes their persistence, as invasive plants often appear to be more resource-demanding and competitive than native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - A Carla Staver
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
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21
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Mathur S, Sharma MP, Jajoo A. Improved photosynthetic efficacy of maize (Zea mays) plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under high temperature stress. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 180:149-154. [PMID: 29425887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, pot experiments were performed to investigate the effects of high temperature stress (44 °C) in maize plants colonized with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Various parameters characterizing photosynthetic activity were measured in order to estimate the photosynthetic efficiency in maize plants. It was observed that density of active reaction centers of PSII, quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), linear electron transport, excitation energy trapping, performance index, net photosynthesis rate increased in AMF (+) plants at 44 °C ± 0.2 °C. Efficiency of primary photochemical reaction (represented as Fv/Fo) increased in AMF (+) plants as compared to AMF (-) plants. AMF seems to have protected water splitting complex followed by enhanced primary photochemistry of PSII under high temperature. Basic morphological parameters like leaf width, plant height and cob number increased in AMF (+) plants as compared to AMF (-) plants. AMF (+) plants grew faster than AMF (-) plants due to larger root systems. Chl content increased in AMF (+) plants as compared to AMF (-) maize plants. AMF hyphae likely increased Mg uptake which in turn increased the total chlorophyll content in AMF (+) maize plants. This subsequently led to a higher production in photosynthate and biomass. Thus AMF (+) plants have shown better photosynthesis performance as compared to AMF (-) maize plants under high temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Mathur
- School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Indore 452017, India.
| | | | - Anjana Jajoo
- School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Indore 452017, India
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22
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Lazzara S, Militello M, Carrubba A, Napoli E, Saia S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi altered the hypericin, pseudohypericin, and hyperforin content in flowers of Hypericum perforatum grown under contrasting P availability in a highly organic substrate. Mycorrhiza 2017; 27:345-354. [PMID: 27999964 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-016-0756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a perennial herb able to produce water-soluble active ingredients (a.i.), mostly in flowers, with a wide range of medicinal and biotechnological uses. However, information about the ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to affect its biomass accumulation, flower production, and concentration of a.i. under contrasting nutrient availability is still scarce. In the present experiment, we evaluated the role of AMF on growth, flower production, and concentration of bioactive secondary metabolites (hypericin, pseudohypericin, and hyperforin) of H. perforatum under contrasting P availability. AMF stimulated the production of aboveground biomass under low P conditions and increased the production of root biomass. AMF almost halved the number of flowers per plant by means of a reduction of the number of flower-bearing stems per plant under high P availability and through a lower number of flowers per stem in the low-P treatment. Flower hyperforin concentration was 17.5% lower in mycorrhizal than in non-mycorrhizal plants. On the contrary, pseudohypericin and hypericin concentrations increased by 166.8 and 279.2%, respectively, with AMF under low P availability, whereas no effect of AMF was found under high P availability. These results have implications for modulating the secondary metabolite production of H. perforatum. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the competition for photosynthates between AMF and flowers at different nutrient availabilities for both plant and AM fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lazzara
- Agricultural Research Council, Research Unit for the Recovery and the Exploitation of Mediterranean Flower Species (CREA-SFM), s.s. 113-Km 245,500, 90011, Bagheria, PA, Italy
| | - Marcello Militello
- Agricultural Research Council, Research Unit for the Recovery and the Exploitation of Mediterranean Flower Species (CREA-SFM), s.s. 113-Km 245,500, 90011, Bagheria, PA, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carrubba
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, viale delle scienze, Ed. 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- National Research Council, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Saia
- Agricultural Research Council, Research Unit for the Recovery and the Exploitation of Mediterranean Flower Species (CREA-SFM), s.s. 113-Km 245,500, 90011, Bagheria, PA, Italy.
- Agricultural Research Council, Cereal Research Centre (CREA-CER), S.S. 673, km 25.200, 71121, Foggia, FG, Italy.
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