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Shi S, Zhong J, Peng W, Yin H, Zhong D, Cui H, Sun X. System analysis based on the migration- and invasion-related gene sets identifies the infiltration-related genes of glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1075716. [PMID: 37091145 PMCID: PMC10117932 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1075716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The current database has no information on the infiltration of glioma samples. Here, we assessed the glioma samples' infiltration in The Cancer Gene Atlas (TCGA) through the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) with migration and invasion gene sets. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to identify the genes most associated with infiltration. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze the major biological processes and pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to screen the key genes. Furthermore, the nomograms and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the prognostic and predictive accuracy of this clinical model in patients in TCGA and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). The results showed that turquoise was selected as the hub module, and with the intersection of DEGs, we screened 104 common genes. Through LASSO regression, TIMP1, EMP3, IGFBP2, and the other nine genes were screened mostly in correlation with infiltration and prognosis. EMP3 was selected to be verified in vitro. These findings could help researchers better understand the infiltration of gliomas and provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoyang Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Ishihara R, Oda T, Murakami Y, Matsumura I, Watanabe S, Asao Y, Masuda Y, Gotoh N, Kasamatsu T, Takei H, Kobayashi N, Sasaki N, Saitoh T, Murakami H, Handa H. Myeloma Microenvironmental TIMP1 Induces the Invasive Phenotype in Fibroblasts to Modulate Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36768545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. TIMP1 is produced by cancer cells and has pleiotropic activities. However, its role and source in multiple myeloma (MM) are unclear. Here, we evaluated TIMP1 protein and mRNA levels in bone marrow (BM) plasma cells and assessed the effects of TIMP1 expression on fibroblast invasive capacity using three-dimensional spheroid cell invasion assays. TIMP1 mRNA and protein levels were elevated when patients progressed from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or smouldering myeloma to MM. Furthermore, TIMP1 levels decreased at complete response and TIMP1 protein levels increased with higher international staging. TIMP1 mRNA levels were markedly higher in extramedullary plasmacytoma and MM with t(4;14). Overall survival and post-progression survival were significantly lower in MM patients with high TIMP1 protein. Recombinant TIMP1 did not directly affect MM cells but enhanced the invasive capacity of fibroblasts; this effect was suppressed by treatment with anti-TIMP1 antibodies. Fibroblasts supported myeloma cell invasion and expansion in extracellular matrix. Overall, these results suggested that MM-derived TIMP1 induces the invasive phenotype in fibroblasts and is involved in disease progression. Further studies are required to elucidate the specific roles of TIMP1 in MM and facilitate the development of novel therapies targeting the TIMP1 pathway.
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3
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Qin L, Wang Y, Yang N, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Wu Y, Jiang J. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) as a prognostic biomarker in gastrointestinal cancer: a meta-analysis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10859. [PMID: 33628641 PMCID: PMC7894117 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) has recently been shown to be dependent on or independent of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in its roles in tumorigenesis and progression. This appreciation has prompted various studies assessing the prognostic value of TIMP-1 in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, however, the conclusions were still inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of TIMP-1-immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and pretreatment serum/plasma TIMP-1 level in gastrointestinal cancer survival as well as the association between TIMP-1 and clinicopathologic features. Methods The meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; Registration NO. CRD42020185407) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. A highly sensitive literature search was performed in electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Heterogeneity analysis was conducted using both chi-square-based Q statistics and the I2 test. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the prognostic value of TIMP-1 using the fixed-effects model. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the associations between TIMP-1 and clinicopathological characteristics. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 12.0 software. Results A total of 3,958 patients from twenty-two studies were included in the meta-analysis. Elevated TIMP-1 levels were significantly associated with poor survival in gastrointestinal cancer (TIMP-1-IHC staining: HR = 2.04, 95% CI [1.59–2.61], I2 = 35.7%, PQ = 0.156; pretreatment serum/plasma TIMP-1 levels: HR = 2.02, 95% CI [1.80–2.28], I2 = 0%, PQ = 0.630). Moreover, clinicopathological parameter data analysis showed that elevated TIMP-1 levels were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (N1/N2/N3 vs N0: OR = 2.92, 95% CI [1.95–4.38]) and higher TNM stages (III/IV vs I/II: OR = 2.73, 95% CI [1.23–6.04]). Conclusion Both TIMP-1-positive IHC staining and high serum/plasma TIMP-1 levels are poor prognostic factors for the survival of gastrointestinal cancer. In addition, TIMP-1 overexpression was correlated with more advanced clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Qin
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Na Yang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yangyu Zhang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tianye Zhao
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Guo Y, Wang X, Ning W, Zhang H, Yu C. Identification of two core genes in glioblastomas with different isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7477-7488. [PMID: 32915403 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05804-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignancies of the central nervous system, and the Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status of GBM has been recognized as a critical prognostic indicator. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the GBM with different IDH mutation status is still not unclear. In this study, a total of 353 DEGs including 207 up-regulated and 146 down-regulated were screened from multiple GBM data sets. Moreover, the biological processes and pathways enriched by DEGs were mainly associated with tumor progression, especially invasion and migration. Then, eight hub genes, including SDC4, SERPINE1, TNC, THBS1, COL1A1, CXCL8, TIMP1 and VEGFA, were selected from a PPI network. Finally, core genes, SERPINE1 and TIMP1, were identified from hub genes by survival analysis and sample validation. Overall, in this study, we revealed underlying molecular mechanisms in GBMs with different IDH mutation status and identified core genes that could be potential markers and targets for diagnosis and treatment of GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuduo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Xiangshan Yikesong Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Xiangshan Yikesong Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihai Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Xiangshan Yikesong Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Xiangshan Yikesong Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjiang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Xiangshan Yikesong Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China.
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Oshima T, Yoshikawa T, Miyagi Y, Morita S, Yamamoto M, Tanabe K, Nishikawa K, Ito Y, Matsui T, Kimura Y, Yokose T, Hiroshima Y, Aoyama T, Hayashi T, Ogata T, Cho H, Rino Y, Masuda M, Tsuburaya A, Sakamoto J. Biomarker analysis to predict the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer: An exploratory biomarker study of COMPASS, a randomized phase II trial. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2906-2918. [PMID: 32774771 PMCID: PMC7392622 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The findings of COMPASS, a randomized phase II study, suggested that the regimens and courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced gastric cancer (GC) did not affect the pathological response. However, pathological complete response was achieved in 10% patients who received four courses of either S-1/cisplatin or paclitaxel/cisplatin. We hypothesized that if relevant biomarkers could be used to predict the suitable NAC regimen before treatment initiation, further improvements could be ensured in the outcomes of locally advanced GC. Materials and Methods: mRNA extraction, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed using endoscopic biopsy specimens of primary tumors, collected prior to NAC, to determine the clinically relevant biomarkers. Results: TIMP1, DSG2, RRM1, MUC2, EGFR, ZDHHC14, and CLDN18.2 were identified as biomarker candidates, since their expression was significantly associated with the pathological responses to each NAC regimen. Furthermore, TIMP1 and DSG2 were identified as predictive biomarkers of the pathological response to each NAC regimen. Conclusions: The effective prediction of the pathological response to NAC regimens in locally advanced GC using biomarkers identified from endoscopic biopsy specimens indicates the possibility of personalizing NAC based on biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oshima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Takaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Michio Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishikawa
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center, Aichi Hospital, Kakemachi, Okazaki, Aichi 444-0011, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kimura
- Department of Surgery, NTT West Japan Osaka Hospital, Tennouji-ku, Osaka, Osaka 543-0042, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokose
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Hiroshima
- Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hayashi
- Department of Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-8515, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Cho
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuburaya
- Department of Surgery, Ozawa Hospital, Odawara, Kanagawa 250-0012, Japan
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Aaberg-Jessen C, Sørensen MD, Matos ALSA, Moreira JM, Brünner N, Knudsen A, Kristensen BW. Co-expression of TIMP-1 and its cell surface binding partner CD63 in glioblastomas. BMC Cancer 2018. [PMID: 29523123 PMCID: PMC5845145 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously identified tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) as a prognostic marker in glioblastomas. TIMP-1 has been associated with chemotherapy resistance, and CD63, a known TIMP-1-binding protein, has been suggested to be responsible for this effect. The aim of this study was to assess CD63 expression in astrocytomas focusing on the prognostic potential of CD63 alone and in combination with TIMP-1. Methods CD63 expression was investigated immunohistochemically in a cohort of 111 astrocytomas and correlated to tumor grade and overall survival by semi-quantitative scoring. CD63 expression in tumor-associated microglia/macrophages was examined by double-immunofluorescence with ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1). The association between CD63 and TIMP-1 was investigated using previously obtained TIMP-1 data from our astrocytoma cohort. Cellular co-expression of TIMP-1 and CD63 as well as TIMP-1 and the tumor stem cell-related markers CD133 and Sox2 was investigated with immunofluorescence. TIMP-1 and CD63 protein interaction was detected by an oligonucleotide-based proximity ligation assay and verified using co-immunoprecipitation. Results The expression of CD63 was widely distributed in astrocytomas with a significantly increased level in glioblastomas. CD63 levels did not significantly correlate with patient survival at a protein level, and CD63 did not augment the prognostic significance of TIMP-1. Up to 38% of the CD63+ cells expressed Iba1; however, Iba1 did not appear to impact the prognostic value of CD63. A significant correlation was found between TIMP-1 and CD63, and the TIMP-1 and CD63 proteins were co-expressed at the cellular level and located in close molecular proximity, suggesting that TIMP-1 and CD63 could be co-players in glioblastomas. Some TIMP-1+ cells expressed CD133 and Sox2. Conclusion The present study suggests that CD63 is highly expressed in glioblastomas and that TIMP-1 and CD63 interact. CD63 does not add to the prognostic value of TIMP-1. Co-expression of TIMP-1 and stem cell markers as well as the wide expression of CD63 might suggest a role for TIMP-1 and CD63 in glioblastoma stemness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4179-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Aaberg-Jessen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloews Vej 15, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mia D Sørensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloews Vej 15, 5000, Odense, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsloews Vej 19, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Ana L S A Matos
- Cancer Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - José M Moreira
- Cancer Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Brünner
- Cancer Research Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnon Knudsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloews Vej 15, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsloews Vej 19, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bjarne W Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloews Vej 15, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsloews Vej 19, 5000, Odense, Denmark
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7
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Prokopchuk O, Grünwald B, Nitsche U, Jäger C, Prokopchuk OL, Schubert EC, Friess H, Martignoni ME, Krüger A. Elevated systemic levels of the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP-1 correlate with clinical markers of cachexia in patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:128. [PMID: 29394913 PMCID: PMC5797345 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we determined the possible association of systemic TIMP-1 levels with cachexia and jaundice, two common PDAC-associated conditions. METHODS Plasma TIMP-1 was measured by ELISA in patients diagnosed with PDAC (n = 36) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) (n = 25). Patients without pancreatic pathologies and known malignancies of other origin served as controls (n = 13). TIMP-1 levels in these patients were tested for asscociation with jaundice and chachexia, and furthermore correlated with cachexia-related clinical parameters such as weight loss and ferritin, parameters of lung function, hemoglobin and liver synthesis parameters. RESULTS TIMP-1 plasma levels were mostly higher in CP and PDAC patients with concomitant jaundice or cachexia. Elevated plasma TIMP-1 levels were also associated with clinical cachexia markers, including absolute and relative values of weight loss and lung function, as well as ferritin, hemoglobin, and cholinesterase levels. TIMP-1 levels significantly correlated with cachexia only in patients without jaundice. Jaundice also impaired the use of TIMP-1 as a prognostic marker in cancer patients. Relating to cachexia status alone, a slightly improved association of TIMP-1 levels with survival of PDAC patients was observed. CONCLUSION This retrospective study reports for the first time that plasma levels of TIMP-1 are associated with pancreatic lesion-induced cachexia in patients without jaundice. TIMP-1 is counterindicated as a survival marker in patients with jaundice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Prokopchuk
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Barbara Grünwald
- Institut für Molekulare Immunologie und Experimentelle Onkologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Nitsche
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Jäger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Elaine C Schubert
- Institut für Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Marc E Martignoni
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Achim Krüger
- Institut für Molekulare Immunologie und Experimentelle Onkologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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8
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Alpízar-Alpízar W, Laerum OD, Christensen IJ, Ovrebo K, Skarstein A, Høyer-Hansen G, Ploug M, Illemann M. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Is Confined to Tumor-Associated Myofibroblasts and Is Increased With Progression in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 64:483-94. [PMID: 27370797 DOI: 10.1369/0022155416656173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) inhibits the extracellular matrix-degrading activity of several matrix metalloproteinases, thereby regulating cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Studies describing the expression pattern and cellular localization of TIMP-1 in gastric cancer are, however, highly discordant. We addressed these inconsistencies by performing immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization analyses in a set of 49 gastric cancer lesions to reexamine the TIMP-1 localization. In addition, we correlated these findings to clinicopathological parameters. We show that strong expression of TIMP-1 protein and mRNA was observed in a subpopulation of stromal fibroblast-like cells at the periphery of the cancer lesions. In a few cases, a small fraction of cancer cells showed weak expression of TIMP-1 protein and mRNA. The stromal TIMP-1-expressing cells were mainly tumor-associated myofibroblasts. In the normal-appearing mucosa, scattered TIMP-1 protein was only found in chromogranin A positive cells. TIMP-1-positive myofibroblasts at the invasive front of the tumors were more frequently seen in intestinal than in diffuse histological subtype cases (p=0.009). A significant trend to a higher number of cases showing TIMP-1 staining in myofibroblasts with increasing tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage was also revealed (p=0.041). In conclusion, tumor-associated myofibroblasts are the main source of increased TIMP-1 expression in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warner Alpízar-Alpízar
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Center for Research in Microscopic Structures (CIEMIC) and Cancer Research Program, Health Research Institute (INISA), University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica (WA-A)
| | - Ole Didrik Laerum
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (ODL),Departments of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (ODL)
| | - Ib J Christensen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI)
| | - Kjell Ovrebo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (KO),Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (KO, AS)
| | - Arne Skarstein
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (AS),Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (KO, AS)
| | - Gunilla Høyer-Hansen
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI)
| | - Michael Ploug
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI)
| | - Martin Illemann
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI),Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark (WA-A, ODL, IJC, GH-H, MP, MI)
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9
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Lorente L, Martín MM, Ramos L, Cáceres JJ, Solé-Violán J, Argueso M, Jiménez A, Borreguero-León JM, Orbe J, Rodríguez JA, Páramo JA. Serum tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 levels are associated with mortality in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. BMC Neurol 2015; 15:111. [PMID: 26162891 PMCID: PMC4499187 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-015-0364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the last years, circulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 levels have been associated with functional outcome in ischemic stroke patients. However the prognostic value of circulating levels of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and MMP-10 in functional outcome of ischemic stroke patients has been scarcely studied. In addition, to our knowledge, serum MMP-9, MMP-10 and TIMP-1 levels in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) for mortality prediction have not been studied, and these were the objectives of this study. Methods This was a multicenter, observational and prospective study carried out in six Spanish Intensive Care Units. We included patients with severe MMCAI defined as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) lower than 9. We measured circulating levels of MMP-9, MMP-10, TIMP-1, in 50 patients with severe MMCAI at diagnosis and in 50 healthy subjects. Endpoint was 30-day mortality. Results Patients with severe MMCAI showed higher serum levels of MMP-9 (p = 0.001), MMP-10 (p < 0.001), and TIMP-1 (p = 0.02) than healthy subjects. Non-surviving MMCAI patients (n = 26) compared to survivor ones (n = 24) showed higher circulating levels of TIMP-1 (p < 0.001), MMP-10 (p = 0.02) and PAI-1(p = 0.02), and lower MMP-9 levels (p = 0.04). Multiple binomial logistic regression analysis showed that serum TIMP-1 levels > 239 ng/mL are associated with 30-day mortality (OR = 5.82; 95 % CI = 1.37-24.73; P = 0.02) controlling for GCS and age. The area under the curve for TIMP-1 as predictor of 30-day mortality was 0.81 (95 % CI = 0.67-0.91; P < 0.001). We found an association between circulating levels of TIMP-1 and MMP-10 (rho = 0.45; P = 0.001), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (rho = 0.53; P < 0.001), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (rho = 0.70; P < 0.001). Conclusions The most relevant and new findings of our study, were that serum TIMP-1 levels in MMCAI patients were associated with mortality, and could be used as a prognostic biomarker of mortality in MMCAI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lorente
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n. La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - María M Martín
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Crta del Rosario s/n, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38010, Spain.
| | - Luis Ramos
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General La Palma, Buenavista de Arriba s/n, Breña Alta, La Palma, 38713, Spain.
| | - Juan J Cáceres
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Insular, Plaza Dr. Pasteur s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016, Spain.
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Barranco de la Ballena s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35010, Spain.
| | - Mónica Argueso
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez n°17-19, Valencia, 46004, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Jiménez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n. La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Juan M Borreguero-León
- Laboratory Deparment, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Ofra, s/n. La Laguna, 38320, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Josune Orbe
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, CIMA-University of Navarra, Avda Pío XII n°55, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
| | - José A Rodríguez
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, CIMA-University of Navarra, Avda Pío XII n°55, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
| | - José A Páramo
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, CIMA-University of Navarra, Avda Pío XII n°55, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
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10
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Gong Y, Chippada-Venkata UD, Galsky MD, Huang J, Oh WK. Elevated circulating tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) levels are associated with neuroendocrine differentiation in castration resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2015; 75:616-27. [PMID: 25560638 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is a 28.5 kDa secreted glycoprotein that inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Our group has previously shown that elevated plasma TIMP-1 levels predict poor survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients; however, the underlying source and impact of elevated circulating TIMP-1 protein is unknown. METHODS In this study, we used qRT-PCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry to evaluate TIMP-1 expression in androgen-sensitive and resistant prostate cancer (PC) cell lines, tumor tissues and patient sera, and to correlate TIMP-1 levels to expression of chromogranin A (CGA), an established marker of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). We also explored the relationship between TIMP-1 overexpression and induction of NED by overexpressing TIMP-1 in androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells, as well as by inducing NED of LNCaP cells with IL-6. RESULTS Patients with CRPC have significantly higher serum TIMP-1 levels compared to patients with hormone-sensitive disease. Although circulating TIMP-1 levels were increased, peripheral blood cells were not the source of elevation. Instead, elevated TIMP-1 expression was associated with higher expression of CGA in both blood and metastatic tumor tissue. We further show that androgen receptor (AR) and PSA non-expressing prostate cancer cell lines known to display NED phenotypes such as PC-3, PC-3M, and DU145 cells, expressed high levels of TIMP-1, in contrast to AR (+) and PSA (+) adenocarcinoma cell lines such as LNCaP, VCaP, and LAPC-4, which had barely detectable levels of TIMP-1. In addition, ectopic overexpression of TIMP-1 in LNCaP cells did not induce NED. However, TIMP-1 mRNA expression was elevated >10-fold during IL-6-induced NED of LNCaP cells, suggesting that TIMP-1 overexpression accompanies, but is not the driving force for NED. Finally, we show that conditioned media from androgen-resistant PC-3, PC-3M, and DU145 cells induced TIMP-1 mRNA expression in primary prostate stromal fibroblasts in an ERK and NF-κB dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS We provide in vitro and clinical evidence to support the association between NED and elevated circulating TIMP-1 expression in CRPC. Our observation supports further evaluation of TIMP-1 as a tissue and serum biomarker for NED in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
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11
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Gong Y, Chippada-Venkata UD, Oh WK. Roles of matrix metalloproteinases and their natural inhibitors in prostate cancer progression. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1298-327. [PMID: 24978435 PMCID: PMC4190542 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6031298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of zinc-dependent endopeptidases involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix, play an important role in tissue remodeling associated with various physiological processes such as morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue repair, as well as pathological processes including cirrhosis, arthritis and cancer. The MMPs are well established as mediators of tumor invasion and metastasis by breaking down connective tissue barriers. Although there has been a vast amount of literature on the role of MMPs in invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of various cancers, the role of these endopeptidases in prostate cancer progression has not been systematically reviewed. This overview summarizes findings on the tissue and blood expression of MMPs, their function, regulation and prognostic implication in human prostate cancer, with a focus on MMP-2, -7, -9, MT1-MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1). This review also summarizes the efficacy and failure of early-generation matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs) in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer and highlights the lessons and challenges for next generation MMPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Uma D Chippada-Venkata
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - William K Oh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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12
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JIAO FENG, JIN ZILIANG, WANG LEI, WANG LIWEI. Research and clinical applications of molecular biomarkers in gastrointestinal carcinoma (Review). Biomed Rep 2013; 1:819-827. [PMID: 24649035 PMCID: PMC3917016 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoma is a common malignant disease worldwide. Its development and progression is a multistage process involving a multifactorial etiology. Although the detailed mechanisms of the development of GI carcinoma remain controversial, the elucidation of its molecular biology over the last few years has resulted in a better perspective on its epidemiology, carcinogenesis and pathogenesis. More significantly, it is currently possible to use biological indicators or biomarkers in differential diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and specific clinical interventions. In this review, we aimed to describe the biomarkers of pathogenesis, invasion, metastasis and prognosis of GI carcinoma and discuss their potential clinical applications. The majority of these biomarkers, such as tumor-associated antigens, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, metastasis-associated genes, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, growth factors and microRNAs, are currently broadly applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- FENG JIAO
- Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - ZILIANG JIN
- Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - LEI WANG
- Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - LIWEI WANG
- Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and is predicted to become even more common in developing countries as the population ages. Since gastric cancer develops slowly over years to decades, and typically progresses though a series of well-defined histologic stages, cancer biomarkers have potential to identify asymptomatic individuals in whom surgery might be curative, or even those for whom antibiotics to eradicate H. pylori could prevent neoplastic transformation. Here we describe some of the challenges of biomarker discovery, summarize current approaches to biomarkers of gastric cancer, and explore some recent novel strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Cooke
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,Center for Comparative Medicine; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA
| | - Javier Torres
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jay V Solnick
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,Center for Comparative Medicine; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,California National Primate Research Center; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,Correspondence to: Jay V Solnick,
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14
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Gong Y, Scott E, Lu R, Xu Y, Oh WK, Yu Q. TIMP-1 promotes accumulation of cancer associated fibroblasts and cancer progression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77366. [PMID: 24143225 PMCID: PMC3797040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for late stage prostate and colon cancer are limited and there is an urgent need to develop more effective and targeted novel therapies, which starts with identification and validation of novel therapeutic targets. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels are elevated in cancer patient plasma and elevated TIMP-1 levels are associated with worse clinical outcomes. However, it is unknown whether TIMP-1 serves merely as a biomarker of cancer progression or has a functional role in promoting cancer progression and can serve as a cancer therapeutic target, which is the main objective of this study. Here, we show that stroma of human prostate and colon cancer express higher levels of TIMP-1 compared to their normal counterparts and increased expression of TIMP-1 promotes in vivo growth of both cancer types. We demonstrate for the first time that increased TIMP-1 expression stimulates accumulation of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within prostate and colon cancer tissues and that TIMP-1 enhances prostate CAF proliferation and migration in vitro and promotes ERK1/2 kinase activation in these CAF cells. Our results establish the novel promotive effects of TIMP-1 on cancer progression and on accumulation of CAFs that in turn provides a pro-tumor microenvironment. Together, these results establish the potential of TIMP-1 as a novel target for cancer therapy and the mechanism underlying the pro-tumor activity of TIMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gong
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Evita Scott
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Yin Xu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - William K. Oh
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QY); (WKO)
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QY); (WKO)
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15
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The value of Tissue Inhibitor of MetalloProteinase-1 (TIMP-1) as a biomarker in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is widely debated. The aim of this review is to evaluate available literature describing the association between levels of TIMP-1 in tumor tissue and/or blood and the prognosis of patients suffering from GC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using the search words 'TIMP-1', 'Gastric Cancer' and 'Tumor marker', a search was carried out on PubMed. Exclusion criteria were articles never published in English, articles from before 1995 and articles evaluating tumor markers other than TIMP-1 in GC. RESULTS Of initially 50 articles, 17 were found to fulfill the selection criteria and relevant for this study. The 17 articles evaluated the usefulness of TIMP-1 levels in tumor tissue or blood, respectively, as a prognostic marker in patients with GC. CONCLUSIONS A literature search showed that elevated protein levels of TIMP-1 in either tumor tissue extracts or in plasma from patients suffering from GC associates with poor patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Grunnet
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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16
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Dechaphunkul A, Phukaoloun M, Kanjanapradit K, Graham K, Ghosh S, Santos C, Mackey JR. Prognostic significance of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in breast cancer. Int J Breast Cancer 2012; 2012:290854. [PMID: 22988515 DOI: 10.1155/2012/290854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Despite advances in breast cancer systemic treatment, new prognostic and predictive factors are still needed. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), a physiologic inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), can act in both pro- and antitumoral effects. As role of TIMP-1 in breast cancer is controversial, we aimed to determine the prognostic significance of TIMP-1 in breast cancer. Methods. A single center-based case-control study was applied. Primary breast cancers from women with early stage disease treated with standard adjuvant therapy were analyzed by gene expression microarrays and immunohistochemistry for TIMP-1. Results. At the optimized cut-point, patients with high TIMP-1 RNA levels had a significantly shorter time to relapse, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.64 (P = 0.04), but without significant differences in overall survival (HR 1.29, P = 0.37). Although cytoplasmic overexpression of TIMP-1 protein was not correlated with early relapse (HR 1.0, P = 0.92), there was a tendency for short overall survival in patients with high expression (HR 1.41, P = 0.21). Conclusions. Our data indicate that elevated TIMP-1 RNA levels are independently prognostic for early recurrence, and there is a tendency for association of high cytoplasmic TIMP-1 protein levels with short survival in primary breast cancer.
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Hansson J, Vasan RS, Ärnlöv J, Ingelsson E, Lind L, Larsson A, Michaëlsson K, Sundström J. Biomarkers of extracellular matrix metabolism (MMP-9 and TIMP-1) and risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cause-specific mortality: cohort study. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16185. [PMID: 21283828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Turnover of the extracellular matrix in all solid organs is governed mainly by a balance between the degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). An altered extracellular matrix metabolism has been implicated in a variety of diseases. We investigated relations of serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 to mortality risk from an etiological perspective. Design The prospective Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) cohort, followed from 1991–1995 for up to 18.1 years. A random population-based sample of 1,082 71-year-old men, no loss to follow-up. Endpoints were all-cause (n = 628), cardiovascular (n = 230), non-cardiovascular (n = 398) and cancer mortality (n = 178), and fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction (n = 138) or stroke (n = 163). Results Serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were associated with risk of all-cause mortality (Cox proportional hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.19; and 1.11, 1.02–1.20; respectively). TIMP-1 levels were mainly related to risks of cardiovascular mortality and stroke (HR per standard deviation 1.22, 95% CI 1.09–1.37; and 1.18, 1.04–1.35; respectively). All relations except those of TIMP-1 to stroke risk were attenuated by adjustment for cardiovascular disease risk factors. Relations in a subsample without cardiovascular disease or cancer were similar to those in the total sample. Conclusion In this community-based cohort of elderly men, serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were related to mortality risk. An altered extracellular matrix metabolism may be involved in several detrimental pathways, and circulating MMP-9 or TIMP-1 levels may be relevant markers thereof.
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Peña C, Lathia C, Shan M, Escudier B, Bukowski RM. Biomarkers predicting outcome in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: Results from sorafenib phase III Treatment Approaches in Renal Cancer Global Evaluation Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:4853-63. [PMID: 20651059 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Plasma proteins [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble VEGF receptor 2 (sVEGFR-2), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and Ras p21] and one tumor gene (VHL) were analyzed to identify prognostic biomarkers or indicators of response to sorafenib in a subset of patients enrolled in the Treatment Approaches in Renal Cancer Global Evaluation Trial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Nine hundred three patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were randomized to 400 mg sorafenib twice a day or placebo. Samples collected at baseline and after 3 and 12 weeks were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. VHL exons were sequenced from tumor biopsies. RESULTS Baseline biomarker data were available for VEGF (n = 712), sVEGFR-2 (n = 713), CAIX (n = 128), TIMP-1 (n = 123), Ras p21 (n = 125), and VHL mutational status (n = 134). Higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) score correlated with elevated baseline VEGF (P < 0.0001) and a higher incidence of VHL mutations (P = 0.008), whereas higher Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) score correlated with elevated VEGF (P < 0.0001), CAIX (P = 0.027), and TIMP-1 (P = 0.0001). Univariable analyses of baseline levels in the placebo cohort identified VEGF (P = 0.0024), CAIX (P = 0.034), TIMP-1 (P = 0.001), and Ras p21 (P = 0.016) as prognostic biomarkers for survival. TIMP-1 remained prognostic for survival in a multivariable analysis model (P = 0.002) that also included ECOG PS, MSKCC score, and the other biomarkers assayed. In the placebo cohort, TIMP-1 (P < 0.001) and Ras p21 (P = 0.048) levels increased at 12 weeks. In the sorafenib cohort, VEGF levels increased at 3 and 12 weeks of treatment (both weeks P < 0.0001), whereas sVEGFR-2 (both weeks P < 0.0001) and TIMP-1 levels (P = 0.002, week 3; P = 0.006, week 12) decreased. CONCLUSIONS VEGF, CAIX, TIMP-1, and Ras p21 levels were prognostic for survival in RCC patients. Of these, TIMP-1 has emerged as being independently prognostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Peña
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Montville, New Jersey 07045-1000, USA.
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Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA, Shrivastava V, Leitzel K, Christoulas D, Migkou M, Gavriatopoulou M, Anargyrou K, Hamer P, Kastritis E, Carney W, Lipton A. High levels of serum TIMP-1 correlate with advanced disease and predict for poor survival in patients with multiple myeloma treated with novel agents. Leuk Res 2009; 34:399-402. [PMID: 19781774 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) was evaluated in the pre-treatment serum of 55 newly diagnosed patients with symptomatic myeloma. TIMP-1 was elevated in 47% of patients and correlated with lytic bone disease and increased bone resorption. Importantly, TIMP-1 correlated with ISS stage (p=0.005) and was an independent prognostic covariate for survival [HR: 1.003 (1-1.006), p=0.004] in these patients who were all treated with novel agents (bortezomib and/or IMiDs) during their disease course. Our study provides evidence that pre-treatment serum TIMP-1 is associated with advanced myeloma and suggests the further evaluation of this molecule to better determine its prognostic potential in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens School of Medicine, 5 Marathonomahon Street, 14572 Drosia, Athens, Greece.
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Mroczko B, Groblewska M, Łukaszewicz-zając M, Bandurski R, Kędra B, Szmitkowski M. Pre-treatment serum and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) in gastric cancer patients. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009; 47. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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