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Segev-Hadar A, Slosman T, Rozen A, Sherman A, Cnaani A, Biran J. Genome Editing Using the CRISPR-Cas9 System to Generate a Solid-Red Germline of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). CRISPR J 2021; 4:583-594. [PMID: 34406049 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2020.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing demand for red tilapia, which are commercial strains of hybrids of different tilapiine species or red variants of highly inbred Nile tilapia. However, red tilapia phenotypes are genetically unstable and affected by environmental factors, resulting in nonuniform coloration with black or dark-red color blotches that reduce their market value. Solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2) is a membrane transporter that mediates melanin biosynthesis and is evolutionarily conserved from fish to humans. In the present study, we describe the generation of a stable and heritable red tilapia phenotype by inducing loss-of-function mutations in the slc45a2 gene. For this purpose, we identified the slc45a2 gene in Nile tilapia and designed highly specific guide RNAs (gRNA) for its genomic sequence. Multiplex microinjection of slc45a2-specific ribonucleoproteins to Nile tilapia zygotes induced up to 97-99% albinism, including loss of melanin in the eye. Next-generation sequencing of the injected zygotes demonstrated that all injected fish carried mutant alleles with variable mutagenesis efficiencies. Sanger sequencing of the genomic target region in the slc45a2 gene from fin clips, sperm, and F1 offspring of a highly mutant male identified various genomic indels and germline transmission of the sperm-identified indels. Overall, this work demonstrates the generation of somatic and germline slc45a2 mutant alleles, which leads to complete albinism in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Segev-Hadar
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel; and Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Tatiana Slosman
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel; and Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Ada Rozen
- Department of Fruit Trees Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Amir Sherman
- Department of Fruit Trees Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Avner Cnaani
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel; and Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Jakob Biran
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel; and Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
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Kong S, Zhou Z, Zhou T, Zhao J, Chen L, Lin H, Pu F, Ke Q, Bai H, Xu P. Genome-Wide Association Study of Body Shape-Related Traits in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2020; 22:631-643. [PMID: 32666363 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is one of the most important cultured marine fish on the southeast coast of China. Its body shape is important for the aquaculture industry since it affects the behavior such as swimming, ingesting, and evading, as well as customer preference. Due to the greater consumer demand of small head, slender body large yellow croaker, selecting and breeding of slender individuals with the assistance of genetic markers will benefit the industry quickly. In this study, several traits were employed to represent body shape, including body depth/body length (BD/BL), body thickness/body length (BT/BL), caudal peduncle depth/caudal peduncle length (CPDLR), tail length/body length (TL/BL), and body area/head area (BA/HA). Genome-wide association study was conducted with a panmictic population of 280 individuals to identify SNP and genes potentially associated with body shape. A set of 20 SNPs on 12 chromosomes were identified to be significantly associated with body shape-related traits. Besides, 5 SNPs were identified to be suggestive associated with CPDLR and BT/BL. Surrounding these SNPs, we found some body shape-related candidate genes, including fabp1, acrv1, bcor, mstn, bambi, and neo1, which involved in lipid metabolism, TGF-β signaling, and BMP pathway and other important regulatory pathways. These results will be useful for the understanding of the genetic basis of body shape formation and helpful for body shape controlling of large yellow croaker by using marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352103, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352103, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Huanling Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fei Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352103, China
| | - Qiaozhen Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352103, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Huaqiang Bai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, 352103, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Nyinondi CS, Mtolera MSP, Mmochi AJ, Lopes Pinto FA, Houston RD, de Koning DJ, Palaiokostas C. Assessing the genetic diversity of farmed and wild Rufiji tilapia ( Oreochromis urolepis urolepis) populations using ddRAD sequencing. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10044-10056. [PMID: 33005362 PMCID: PMC7520224 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rufiji tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis urolepis) is an endemic cichlid in Tanzania. In addition to its importance for biodiversity conservation, Rufiji tilapia is also attractive for farming due to its high growth rate, salinity tolerance, and the production of all-male hybrids when crossed with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The aim of the current study was to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of both wild and farmed Rufiji tilapia populations in order to inform conservation and aquaculture practices. Double-digest restriction-site-associated DNA (ddRAD) libraries were constructed from 195 animals originating from eight wild (Nyamisati, Utete, Mansi, Mindu, Wami, Ruaha, Kibasira, and Kilola) and two farmed (Bwawani and Chemchem) populations. The identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; n = 2,182) were used to investigate the genetic variation within and among the studied populations. Genetic distance estimates (F st) were low among populations from neighboring locations, with the exception of Utete and Chemchem populations (F st = 0.34). Isolation-by-distance (IBD) analysis among the wild populations did not detect any significant correlation signal (r = .05; p-value = .4) between the genetic distance and the sampling (Euclidean distance) locations. Population structure and putative ancestry were further investigated using both Bayesian (Structure) and multivariate approaches (discriminant analysis of principal components). Both analysis indicated the existence of three distinct genetic clusters. Two cross-validation scenarios were conducted in order to test the efficiency of the SNP dataset for discriminating between farmed and wild animals or predicting the population of origin. Approximately 95% of the test dataset was correctly classified in the first scenario, while in the case of predicting for the population of origin 68% of the test dataset was correctly classified. Overall, our results provide novel insights regarding the population structure of Rufiji tilapia and a new database of informative SNP markers for both conservation management and aquaculture activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christer S. Nyinondi
- Department of Animal Breeding and GeneticsSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of Dar es SalaamZanzibarTanzania
| | | | - Aviti J. Mmochi
- Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of Dar es SalaamZanzibarTanzania
| | - Fernando A. Lopes Pinto
- Department of Animal Breeding and GeneticsSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Ross D. Houston
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Dirk J. de Koning
- Department of Animal Breeding and GeneticsSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Christos Palaiokostas
- Department of Animal Breeding and GeneticsSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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Liu Y, Wang H, Wen H, Shi Y, Zhang M, Qi X, Zhang K, Gong Q, Li J, He F, Hu Y, Li Y. First High-Density Linkage Map and QTL Fine Mapping for Growth-Related Traits of Spotted Sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2020; 22:526-538. [PMID: 32424479 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Possessing powerful adaptive capacity and a pleasant taste, spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) has a broad natural distribution and is one of the most popular mariculture fish in China. However, the genetic improvement program for this fish is still in its infancy. Growth is the most economically important trait and is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL); thus, the identification of QTLs and genetic markers for growth-related traits is an essential step for the establishment of marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs. In this study, we report the first high-density linkage map of spotted sea bass constructed by sequencing 333 F1 generation individuals in a full-sib family using 2b-RAD technology. A total of 6883 SNP markers were anchored onto 24 linkage groups, spanning 2189.96 cM with an average marker interval of 0.33 cM. Twenty-four growth-related QTLs, including 13 QTLs for body weight and 11 QTLs for body length, were successfully detected, with phenotypic variance explained (PVE) ranging from 5.1 to 8.6%. Thirty potential candidate growth-related genes surrounding the associated SNPs were involved in cell adhesion, cell proliferation, cytoskeleton reorganization, calcium channels, and neuromodulation. Notably, the fgfr4 gene was detected in the most significant QTL; this gene plays a pivotal role in myogenesis and bone growth. The results of this study may facilitate marker-assisted selection for breeding populations and establish the foundation for further genomic and genetic studies investigating spotted sea bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haishen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Meizhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Kaiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qingli Gong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Huang W, Cheng C, Liu J, Zhang X, Ren C, Jiang X, Chen T, Cheng K, Li H, Hu C. Fine Mapping of the High-pH Tolerance and Growth Trait-Related Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) and Identification of the Candidate Genes in Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2020; 22:1-18. [PMID: 31758429 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-019-09932-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-pH tolerance and growth are important traits for the shrimp culture industry in areas with saline-alkali water. In the present study, an F1 full-sib family of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was generated with a new "semidirectional cross" method, and double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-Seq) technology was applied to genotype the 2 parents and 148 progenies. A total of 3567 high-quality markers were constructed for the genetic linkage map, and the total map length was 4161.555 centimorgans (cM), showing 48 linkage groups (LGs) with an average interlocus length of 1.167 cM. With a constrained logarithm of odds (LOD) score ≥ 2.50, 12 high-pH tolerance and 2 growth (body weight) QTLs were located. L. vannamei genomic scaffolds were used to assist with the detection of 21 stress- and 5 growth-related scaffold genes. According to the high-pH transcriptome data of our previous study, 6 candidate high-pH response genes were discovered, and 5 of these 6 genes were consistently expressed with the high-pH transcriptome data, validating the locations of the high-pH tolerance trait-related QTLs in this study. This paper is the first report of fine-mapping high-pH tolerance and growth (body weight) trait QTLs in one L. vannamei genetic map. Our results will further benefit marker-assisted selection work and might be useful for promoting genomic research on the shrimp L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Chuhang Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinshang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Guangdong Jinyang Biotechnology co. LTD, Maoming, 525027, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunhua Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Ting Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Kaimin Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Yuehai Feed Group co., LTD, Zhanjiang, 524017, China
| | - Huo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Guangdong Jinyang Biotechnology co. LTD, Maoming, 525027, China
| | - Chaoqun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB)/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Wu L, Yang Y, Li B, Huang W, Wang X, Liu X, Meng Z, Xia J. First Genome-wide Association Analysis for Growth Traits in the Largest Coral Reef-Dwelling Bony Fishes, the Giant Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2019; 21:707-717. [PMID: 31392592 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-019-09916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The giant grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus, is the largest coral reef-dwelling bony fish species. However, despite extremely fast growth performance and the considerable economic importance in this species, its genetic regulation of growth remains unknown. Here, we performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) for five growth traits in 289 giant groupers using 42,323 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). We identified a total of 36 growth-related SNPs, of which 11 SNPs reached a genome-wide significance level. The phenotypic variance explained by these SNPs varied from 7.09% for body height to 18.42% for body length. Moreover, 22 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for growth traits, including nine significant QTLs and 13 suggestive QTLs, were found on multiple chromosomes. Interestingly, the QTL (LG17: 6934451) was shared between body weight and body height, while two significant QTLs (LG7: 22596399 and LG15: 11877836) for body length were consistent with the associated regions of total length at the genome-wide suggestive level. Eight potential candidate genes close to the associated SNPs were selected for expression analysis, of which four genes (phosphatidylinositol transfer protein cytoplasmic 1, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type E, alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 17C, and vascular endothelial growth factor A-A) were differentially expressed and involved in metabolism, development, response stress, etc. This study improves our understanding of the complex genetic architecture of growth in the giant grouper. The results contribute to the selective breeding of grouper species and the conservation of coral reef fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zining Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Junhong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Life Science School, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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