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Tsukamoto S, Koma YI, Kitamura Y, Tanigawa K, Azumi Y, Miyako S, Urakami S, Hosono M, Kodama T, Nishio M, Shigeoka M, Yokozaki H. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Induced in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Close Contact with Tumor-Associated Macrophages Contributes to Cancer Progression and Poor Prognosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112987. [PMID: 37296952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to disease progression in various cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We have previously used an indirect co-culture system between ESCC cell lines and macrophages to analyze their interactions. Recently, we established a direct co-culture system to closely simulate actual ESCC cell-TAM contact. We found that matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was induced in ESCC cells by direct co-culture with TAMs, not by indirect co-culture. MMP9 was associated with ESCC cell migration and invasion, and its expression was controlled by the Stat3 signaling pathway in vitro. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that MMP9 expression in cancer cells at the invasive front ("cancer cell MMP9") was related to high infiltration of CD204 positive M2-like TAMs (p < 0.001) and was associated with worse overall and disease-free survival of patients (p = 0.036 and p = 0.038, respectively). Furthermore, cancer cell MMP9 was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Notably, MMP9 expression in cancer stroma was not associated with any clinicopathological factors or patient prognoses. Our results suggest that close interaction with TAMs infiltrating in cancer stroma or cancer nests induces MMP9 expression in ESCC cells, equipping them with more malignant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Tsukamoto
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yu Kitamura
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kohei Tanigawa
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuki Azumi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shoji Miyako
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Satoshi Urakami
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Hosono
- Division of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mari Nishio
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Manabu Shigeoka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Jain N, Srinivasarao DA, Famta P, Shah S, Vambhurkar G, Shahrukh S, Singh SB, Srivastava S. The portrayal of macrophages as tools and targets: A paradigm shift in cancer management. Life Sci 2023; 316:121399. [PMID: 36646378 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a major role in maintaining an organism's physiology, such as development, homeostasis, tissue repair, and immunity. These immune cells are known to be involved in tumor progression and modulation. Monocytes can be polarized to two types of macrophages (M1 macrophages and pro-tumor M2 macrophages). Through this article, we aim to emphasize the potential of targeting macrophages in order to improve current strategies for tumor management. Various strategies that target macrophages as a therapeutic target have been discussed along with ongoing clinical trials. We have discussed the role of macrophages in various stages of tumor progression epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, maintaining the stability of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood, and establishing a premetastatic niche along with the role of various cytokines and chemokines involved in these processes. Intriguingly macrophages can also serve as drug carriers due to their tumor tropism along the chemokine gradient. They surpass currently explored nanotherapeutics in tumor accumulation and circulation half-life. We have emphasized on macrophage-based biomimetic formulations and macrophage-hitchhiking as a strategy to effectively target tumors. We firmly believe that targeting macrophages or utilizing them as an indigenous carrier system could transform cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naitik Jain
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dadi A Srinivasarao
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Paras Famta
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Shah
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ganesh Vambhurkar
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Syed Shahrukh
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, García-Hernandez AA, Ramos C, Flores-Soto E. Nanotechnology and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:918789. [PMID: 35720130 PMCID: PMC9198274 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.918789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This great mortality is due to its late diagnosis when the disease is already at advanced stages. Although the efforts made to develop more effective treatments, around 90% of cancer deaths are due to metastasis that confers a systemic character to the disease. Likewise, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases that participate in all the events of the metastatic process. MMPs’ augmented concentrations and an increased enzymatic activity have been considered bad prognosis markers of the disease. Therefore, synthetic inhibitors have been created to block MMPs’ enzymatic activity. However, they have been ineffective in addition to causing considerable side effects. On the other hand, nanotechnology offers the opportunity to formulate therapeutic agents that can act directly on a target cell, avoiding side effects and improving the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of cancer. The goal of the present review is to discuss novel nanotechnological strategies in which MMPs are used with theranostic purposes and as therapeutic targets to control cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Georgina Gonzalez-Avila,
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A. Armando García-Hernandez
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramos
- Departamento de Investigación en Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Gamradt P, De La Fouchardière C, Hennino A. Stromal Protein-Mediated Immune Regulation in Digestive Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E146. [PMID: 33466303 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Solid cancers are surrounded by a network of non-cancerous cells comprising different cell types, including fibroblasts, and acellular protein structures. This entire network is called the tumor microenvironment (TME) and it provides a physical barrier to the tumor shielding it from infiltrating immune cells, such as lymphocytes, or therapeutic agents. In addition, the TME has been shown to dampen efficient immune responses of infiltrated immune cells, which are key in eliminating cancer cells from the organism. In this review, we will discuss how TME proteins in particular are involved in this dampening effect, known as immunosuppression. We will focus on three different types of digestive cancers: pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. Moreover, we will discuss current therapeutic approaches using TME proteins as targets to reverse their immunosuppressive effects. Abstract The stromal tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of immune cells, vascular and neural structures, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as well as extracellular matrix (ECM), and favors immune escape mechanisms promoting the initiation and progression of digestive cancers. Numerous ECM proteins released by stromal and tumor cells are crucial in providing physical rigidity to the TME, though they are also key regulators of the immune response against cancer cells by interacting directly with immune cells or engaging with immune regulatory molecules. Here, we discuss current knowledge of stromal proteins in digestive cancers including pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer, focusing on their functions in inhibiting tumor immunity and enabling drug resistance. Moreover, we will discuss the implication of stromal proteins as therapeutic targets to unleash efficient immunotherapy-based treatments.
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Martins-filho SN, Weiss J, Pham N, Li Q, Cabanero M, Fares A, Stewart EL, Shi R, Patel D, Pal P, Mcconnell J, Bradbury PA, Sacher AG, Leighl NB, Grindlay A, Allison F, Li M, Yasufuku K, Shepherd FA, Moghal N, Tsao M, Liu G. EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinomas from patients who progressed on EGFR-inhibitors show high engraftment rates in xenograft models. Lung Cancer 2020; 145:144-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
Cancer cells evolve in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by the acquisition of characteristics that allow them to initiate their passage through a series of events that constitute the metastatic cascade. For this purpose, tumor cells maintain a crosstalk with TME non-neoplastic cells transforming them into their allies. "Corrupted" cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) as well as neoplastic cells express and secrete matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, TME metabolic conditions such as hypoxia and acidification induce MMPs' synthesis in both cancer and stromal cells. MMPs' participation in TME consists in promoting events, for example, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis resistance, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. MMPs also facilitate tumor cell migration through the basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the present chapter is to discuss MMPs' contribution to the evolution of cancer cells, their cellular origin, and their influence in the main processes that take place in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Armando García-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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Gong H, Cheng W, Wang Y. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand inhibits the growth and aggressiveness of colon carcinoma via the exogenous apoptosis signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:41-50. [PMID: 30651763 PMCID: PMC6307519 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common types of gastrointestinal tumor. Previous studies have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) reduces the aggressiveness of colon cancer tumors and promotes the apoptosis of colon carcinoma cells. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of TRAIL were investigated and the potential mechanism of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis was explored in colon cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze the effects of TRAIL on the growth, migration, invasion and apoptosis of colon tumor cells. In vivo experiments were performed in mice to analyze the therapeutic effects of TRAIL. The results demonstrated that TRAIL significantly suppressed the growth of colorectal tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner (0.5–2.5 mg/ml) and also promoted colon tumor cell death. The migration and invasion of colon tumor cells were inhibited by the downregulation of fibronectin, Vimentin and E-cadherin. The apoptotic rate revealed that TRAIL (2.0 mg/ml) significantly promoted the apoptosis of colon tumor cells by regulating apoptosis-related gene expression. TRAIL administration promoted the apoptosis of colon tumor cells via the exogenous apoptosis signaling pathway due to the upregulation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and nuclear factor-κB protein expression. In vivo assays revealed that TRAIL administration significantly inhibited tumor growth and promoted apoptotic body and lymphocyte infiltration, which led to increased survival in tumor-bearing mice compared with the control group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that P53 and B-cell lymphoma-2 were downregulated in TRAIL-treated tumors. In conclusion, TRAIL treatment significantly inhibited the growth and aggressiveness of colon tumors by inducing apoptosis via the exogenous apoptosis pathway, which suggests that TRAIL may be a potential anticancer agent for colon carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Weicai Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Oku T, Shimada K, Kenmotsu H, Ando Y, Kurisaka C, Sano R, Tsuiji M, Hasegawa S, Fukui T, Tsuji T. Stimulation of Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells to Secrete Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) by TNF-α: A Role in the Invasion of Gastric Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123961. [PMID: 30544870 PMCID: PMC6321609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has recently been recognized that inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), upregulate the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) from cancer cells and thereby promote peritoneal dissemination. In this study, we found that TNF-α also stimulated peritoneal mesothelial cells to secrete MMP-9 as assessed by zymography. MMP-9 gene expression in mesothelial cells induced by TNF-α was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. We then utilized the reconstituted artificial mesothelium, which was composed of a monolayer of mesothelial cells cultured on a Matrigel layer in a Boyden chamber system, to examine the effects of TNF-α on carcinoma cell invasion. The transmigration of MKN1 human gastric carcinoma cells through the reconstituted mesothelium was promoted by TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. The increased MKN1 cell migration was partially inhibited by the anti-α3 integrin antibody, indicating that the invasion process involves an integrin-dependent mechanism. Finally, we observed that the invasion of MMP-9-knockdown MKN1 cells into Matrigel membranes was potentiated by the exogenous addition of purified proMMP-9. These results suggest that TNF-α-induced MMP-9 secretion from mesothelial cells plays an important role in the metastatic dissemination of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Shimada
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kenmotsu
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Ando
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Chisato Kurisaka
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Rikio Sano
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Makoto Tsuiji
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Shinya Hasegawa
- Department of Health Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Fukui
- Department of Health Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Tsuji
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
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Xiao J, Yang W, Xu B, Zhu H, Zou J, Su C, Rong J, Wang T, Chen Z. Expression of fibronectin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its role in migration. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:976. [PMID: 30314454 PMCID: PMC6186055 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibronectin (FN) is a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein component of the extracellular matrix involved in cell adhesion, migration, metastasis, proliferation and differentiation, as well as embryogenesis, wound healing, and blood coagulation. Considerable recent research has established that tumor expression of FN is closely associated with tumor formation and development as well as disease prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship have remained unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate FN protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and determine its potential prognostic relevance, while also elucidating the source and function of FN. METHODS We conducted immunohistochemical analyses of protein expression in primary tumors of ESCC patients and analyzed their association with standard prognostic parameters and clinical outcomes. Expression of FN in two ESCC cell lines (Eca-109 and TE-1) was also examined by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. ESCC cells were cultured in a microenvironment containing a high FN content, and changes in their morphology and migration ability were assessed by microscopy, wound-healing assays, and Transwell assays. RESULTS FN expression in ESCC specimens was mainly detected in the tumor stroma, with very little FN detected in tumor cells. Stromal FN content in ESCC specimens was associated with lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.032) and prognosis. In this latter context, patients with high tumor stromal expression of FN showed worse overall survival (P = 0.002) and progression-free survival (P < 0.001) than those with low expression of FN. Interestingly, FN expression and secretion in ESCC cell lines (Eca-109 and TE-1) was found to be low, but these cells adopted a more migratory phenotype when cultured in vitro in a microenvironment containing high levels of FN. CONCLUSIONS High FN expression in the stroma of ESCC tumors is closely associated with poor prognosis of patients. High stromal FN content facilitates tumor cell metastasis by promoting morphological changes and improving the motility and migratory ability of ESCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefei Xiao
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weilin Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of East Division, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of East Division, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoshuai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Lung Cancer Research Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianyong Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Lung Cancer Research Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Su
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Lung Cancer Research Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenguang Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of East Division, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Lung Cancer Research Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Furukawa T, Tabata S, Yamamoto M, Kawahara K, Shinsato Y, Minami K, Shimokawa M, Akiyama SI. Thymidine phosphorylase in cancer aggressiveness and chemoresistance. Pharmacol Res 2018; 132:15-20. [PMID: 29604437 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is a rate-limiting enzyme in thymidine catabolism. TP has several important roles in biological and pharmacological mechanisms; importantly TP acts as an angiogenic factor and one of metabolic enzymes of fluoro-pyrimidine anticancer agents and modifies inflammation. Improving our understanding of the characteristics and functions of TP has led to the development of novel TP-based anticancer therapies. We recently reported that TP-dependent thymidine catabolism contributes to tumour survival in low nutrient conditions and the pathway from thymidine to the glycolysis cascade is affected in the context of physiological and metabolic conditions. In this review, we describe recent advancement in our understanding of TP, with a focus on cancer cell biology and the pharmacology of pyrimidine analogue anticancer agents. This review provides comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism of TP function in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; Center for the Research of Advanced Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Sho Tabata
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Masatatsu Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kohichi Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Shinsato
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kentaro Minami
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Michiko Shimokawa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Akiyama
- Clinical Research Center, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame Minami-ku, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
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Gao F, Xu T, Wang X, Zhong S, Chen S, Zhang M, Zhang X, Shen Y, Wang X, Xu C, Shen Z. CIP2A mediates fibronectin-induced bladder cancer cell proliferation by stabilizing β-catenin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2017; 36:70. [PMID: 28521777 PMCID: PMC5437599 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Fibronectin (FN) is associated with tumorigenesis and progression in bladder cancer, however, the underlying mechanisms causing this remain largely unknown. Furthermore, cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) has been shown to play important regulatory roles in cancer proliferation. Here, we investigated whether FN regulates CIP2A expression to promote bladder cancer cell proliferation. Methods The correlations of stromal FN with CIP2A and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression were analyzed in a cohort bladder cancer patients. The roles of FN and CIP2A in regulating bladder cancer cell proliferation were evaluated in cell and animal models. Cycloheximide treatment was used to determine the effects of CIP2A on β-catenin stabilization. The CIP2A-β-catenin interaction was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprcipitation. Results In this study, we found that stromal FN expression correlated positively with the levels of CIP2A and PCNA in bladder cancer tissues. Meanwhile, in human bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and J82), exogenous FN significantly promoted cell proliferation, however, CIP2A depletion inhibited this process. Furthermore, the interaction between CIP2A and β-catenin enhanced the stabilization of β-catenin, which was involved in FN-induced cell proliferation. In vivo, CIP2A depletion repressed FN-accelerated subcutaneous xenograft growth rates. Conclusions These data reveal that CIP2A is a crucial mediator of FN-induced bladder cancer cell proliferation via enhancing the stabilization of β-catenin. Promisingly, FN and CIP2A could serve as potential therapeutic targets for bladder cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0539-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbin Gao
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjin Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Middle Urumqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanwen Chen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Middle Urumqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Minguang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Middle Urumqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Middle Urumqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Middle Urumqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.227 South Chongqing Road, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhoujun Shen
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No.197 Ruijin 2nd Road, 200025, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Kamoshida G, Tansho-Nagakawa S, Kikuchi-Ueda T, Nakano R, Hikosaka K, Nishida S, Ubagai T, Higashi S, Ono Y. A novel bacterial transport mechanism of Acinetobacter baumannii via activated human neutrophils through interleukin-8. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:1405-1412. [PMID: 27365529 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4ab0116-023rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections as a result of Acinetobacter baumannii have become problematic because of high rates of drug resistance. Although neutrophils play a critical role in early protection against bacterial infection, their interactions with A. baumannii remain largely unknown. To elucidate the interactions between A. baumannii and human neutrophils, we cocultured these cells and analyzed them by microscopy and flow cytometry. We found that A. baumannii adhered to neutrophils. We next examined neutrophil and A. baumannii infiltration into Matrigel basement membranes by an in vitro transmigration assay. Neutrophils were activated by A. baumannii, and invasion was enhanced. More interestingly, A. baumannii was transported together by infiltrating neutrophils. Furthermore, we observed by live cell imaging that A. baumannii and neutrophils moved together. In addition, A. baumannii-activated neutrophils showed increased IL-8 production. The transport of A. baumannii was suppressed by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration by blocking the effect of IL-8. A. baumannii appears to use neutrophils for transport by activating these cells via IL-8. In this study, we revealed a novel bacterial transport mechanism that A. baumannii exploits human neutrophils by adhering to and inducing IL-8 release for bacterial portage. This mechanism might be a new treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Kamoshida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takane Kikuchi-Ueda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Hikosaka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Infection and Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; and
| | - Satoshi Nishida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Ubagai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shouichi Higashi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Tabata S, Ikeda R, Yamamoto M, Shimaoka S, Mukaida N, Takeda Y, Yamada K, Soga T, Furukawa T, Akiyama SI. Thymidine phosphorylase activates NFκB and stimulates the expression of angiogenic and metastatic factors in human cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:10473-85. [PMID: 25350954 PMCID: PMC4279387 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) promotes angiogenesis and metastasis, and confers resistance to anticancer agents in some cancer cell types. We previously reported that TP stimulates the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 in human KB cancer cells by an unknown mechanism. A mutation in the nuclear factor (NF)κB binding site of the IL-8 promoter suppressed promoter activity in KB/TP cells that overexpress TP. Specifically inhibiting NFκB by using BY11-7082 also suppressed TP-induced IL-8 promoter activity and IL-8 expression. Moreover, TP overexpression led to the activation of NFκB and an upregulation in the expression of its target genes, and increased phosphorylated IKKα/β protein levels, while promoting IκBα degradation as well as p65 phosphorylation and nuclear localization. The activation of NFκB in KB/TP cells was suppressed by the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and EUK-8. In addition, in gastric cancer tissue samples, the expression of the NFκB-regulated genes, including IL-8, IL-6, and fibronectin-1 was positively correlated with TP expression. These findings indicate that reactive oxygen species mediated NFκB activation by TP increases the expression of genes that promote angiogenesis and metastasis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Tabata
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Ryuji Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masatatsu Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shunji Shimaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanpuh Hospital, Kagoshima 892-0854, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
| | - Yasuo Takeda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Akiyama
- Clinical Research Center, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Notame Minami-ku, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
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14
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Cao Y, Liu X, Lu W, Chen Y, Wu X, Li M, Wang XA, Zhang F, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Xiang S, Shu Y, Bao R, Li H, Wu W, Weng H, Yen Y, Liu Y. Fibronectin promotes cell proliferation and invasion through mTOR signaling pathway activation in gallbladder cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 360:141-50. [PMID: 25657110 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN), a heterodimeric glycoprotein overexpressed in several types of tumors, has been implicated in cancer progression via the activation of integrin-mediated pro-oncogenic pathways. The FN level in human bile fluid is dramatically increased in malignant biliary diseases; however, FN expression and its biological functions in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remain unknown. In this study, we found that FN was overexpressed in GBC tissues and was associated with a worse prognosis in GBC patients. In vitro experimental studies indicated that exogenous FN significantly enhanced cell proliferation, invasion and active MMP-9 secretion in human GBC cell lines (GBC-SD and NOZ). Moreover, the key kinases of the mTOR signaling pathway, including FAK, Akt, mTOR and 4E-BP1, were markedly activated in a time-dependent manner in FN-treated GBC-SD and NOZ cells. The IHC statistical analyses validated that FN expression was positively correlated with the phosphorylation levels of the 4E-BP1 protein in GBC tissues. Furthermore, rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTOR, almost completely blocked FN-induced phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and also partially abrogated the stimulatory effects of FN on GBC cell proliferation and invasion. In vivo, FN treatment significantly promoted the proliferation and metastasis of GBC cells and markedly activated Akt/mTOR/4E-BP1 signaling cascade. These findings demonstrate that FN may play a critical role in the modulation of cell proliferation and invasion via mTOR signaling pathway activation during GBC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyong Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangsong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maolan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-An Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunping Hu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Shu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runfa Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaifeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Yen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Choi SYC, Lin D, Gout PW, Collins CC, Xu Y, Wang Y. Lessons from patient-derived xenografts for better in vitro modeling of human cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 79-80:222-37. [PMID: 25305336 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel cancer therapeutics is often plagued by discrepancies between drug efficacies obtained in preclinical studies and outcomes of clinical trials. The inconsistencies can be attributed to a lack of clinical relevance of the cancer models used for drug testing. While commonly used in vitro culture systems are advantageous for addressing specific experimental questions, they are often gross, fidelity-lacking simplifications that largely ignore the heterogeneity of cancers as well as the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Factors such as tumor architecture, interactions among cancer cells and between cancer and stromal cells, and an acidic tumor microenvironment are critical characteristics observed in patient-derived cancer xenograft models and in the clinic. By mimicking these crucial in vivo characteristics through use of 3D cultures, co-culture systems and acidic culture conditions, an in vitro cancer model/microenvironment that is more physiologically relevant may be engineered to produce results more readily applicable to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Yiu Chuen Choi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Peter W Gout
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Colin C Collins
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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16
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Kamoshida G, Kikuchi-Ueda T, Tansho-Nagakawa S, Nakano R, Nakano A, Kikuchi H, Ubagai T, Ono Y. Acinetobacter baumannii escape from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). J Infect Chemother 2014; 21:43-9. [PMID: 25287154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the same aerobic gram-negative bacillus and are usually harmless but cause infectious diseases in compromised hosts. Neutrophils play a critical role in infective protection against the extracellular growth of bacteria. Recently, a new biological defense mechanism called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been attracting attention. In present study, we investigated the responsiveness of neutrophils to A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, focusing on NET formation. Neutrophils were co-cultured with A. baumannii or P. aeruginosa, and then DNA, histone and neutrophil elastase were stained, and the formation of NETs was evaluated. Neutrophils stimulated with A. baumannii had spread, but their shapes was maintained, and the nucleus was observed as clearly as that in non-stimulated neutrophils. However, neutrophils stimulated with P. aeruginosa did not maintain their cellular morphology, and the nucleus was disrupted with DNA, histones, and neutrophil elastase released into the extracellular space. These results suggest that A. baumannii does not induce NET formation, in contrast to P. aeruginosa. In addition, we measured expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide in neutrophils, and we found that these expression in P. aeruginosa-stimulated neutrophils was stronger than that in A. baumannii-stimulated neutrophils. Furthermore, A. baumannii was not killed by neutrophils, in contrast to P. aeruginosa. In this study, we show that the reactivity of neutrophils and their biological defense mechanism are different between A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, which is important for understanding the pathogenicity of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Kamoshida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Takane Kikuchi-Ueda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Akiyo Nakano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Kikuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Ubagai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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17
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Chapman A, Fernandez del Ama L, Ferguson J, Kamarashev J, Wellbrock C, Hurlstone A. Heterogeneous tumor subpopulations cooperate to drive invasion. Cell Rep 2014; 8:688-95. [PMID: 25066122 PMCID: PMC4542310 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal selection and transcriptional reprogramming (e.g., epithelial-mesenchymal transition or phenotype switching) are the predominant theories thought to underlie tumor progression. However, a "division of labor" leading to cooperation among tumor-cell subpopulations could be an additional catalyst of progression. Using a zebrafish-melanoma xenograft model, we found that in a heterogeneous setting, inherently invasive cells, which possess protease activity and deposit extracellular matrix (ECM), co-invade with subpopulations of poorly invasive cells, a phenomenon we term "cooperative invasion". Whereas the poorly invasive cells benefit from heterogeneity, the invasive cells switch from protease-independent to an MT1-MMP-dependent mode of invasion. We did not observe changes in expression of the melanoma phenotype determinant MITF during cooperative invasion, thus ruling out the necessity for phenotype switching for invasion. Altogether, our data suggest that cooperation can drive melanoma progression without the need for clonal selection or phenotype switching and can account for the preservation of heterogeneity seen throughout tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chapman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Laura Fernandez del Ama
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jennifer Ferguson
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jivko Kamarashev
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Wellbrock
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Adam Hurlstone
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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18
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Kamoshida G, Ogawa T, Oyanagi J, Sato H, Komiya E, Higashi S, Miyazaki K, Tsuji T. Modulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion from tumor-associated macrophage-like cells by proteolytically processed laminin-332 (laminin-5). Clin Exp Metastasis 2014; 31:285-91. [PMID: 24292405 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-013-9627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages infiltrating tumor tissues (tumor-associated macrophages, TAM) affect the malignant behaviors of tumor cells. We previously reported that monocytes were differentiated into TAM-like cells secreting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 by co-culture with tumor cells, and that cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins played a critical role in the differentiation. In this study, we found that the monocyte differentiation was promoted by laminin-332 (laminin-5), a major epithelial ECM component. We also demonstrated that the proteolytic processing of the γ2 chain of laminin-332 was essential for its activity but that the N-terminal short arm of the γ2 chain inhibited MMP-9 secretion. These results indicate that the activity of laminin-332 for monocyte differentiation is dynamically regulated by the proteolytic processing of the γ2 chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Kamoshida
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
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19
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Raposo TP, Pires I, Carvalho MI, Prada J, Argyle DJ, Queiroga FL. Tumour-associated macrophages are associated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression in canine mammary tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2013; 13:464-74. [PMID: 24119241 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been implicated in carcinogenesis including an important role in angiogenesis. In this study, we describe the relationship between TAMs and angiogenesis in canine mammary tumours (CMT). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CMT samples [(n = 128: malignant (n = 97) and benign (n = 31)] were submitted to immunohistochemical staining to detect MAC387, vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF and CD31 expression. A statistical analysis was carried out to assess possible associations with clinicopathological variables and biological markers of tumour angiogenesis. TAMs, detected by MAC387 expression, were significantly associated with malignant CMT (P < 0.001) and VEGF positive tumours (P = 0.002) and also associated with VEGF expression within malignant CMT (P = 0.043). Associations with clinicopathological variables were found between TAMs and the presence of infiltrative growth (P = 0.031), low tubule formation (P = 0.040) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.016). The results support the hypothesis that TAMs influence angiogenesis in CMT suggesting TAMs may represent a therapeutic target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Raposo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - I Pires
- CECAV, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M I Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - J Prada
- CECAV, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - D J Argyle
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - F L Queiroga
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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