1
|
Hosokawa M, Inaba M, Tanaka M, Ogawara KI. Uptake Pathway of Styrene Maleic Acid Copolymer-Coated Lipid Emulsions Under Acidic Tumor Microenvironment. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1047-1053. [PMID: 37844758 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate and compare styrene maleic acid copolymer (SMA)-coated lipid emulsions (SMA emulsions) uptake pathway in vascular endothelial cells and surrounding cancer cells under not only neutral but also acidic pH, which is often observed in tumor microenvironment. DiI-labeled SMA emulsions were prepared using 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn‑glycero-3-phosphocholine and triolein. In murine melanoma B16-BL6 (B16) cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), DiI-labeled SMA emulsions uptake under near-neutral (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 6.0) conditions was determined by fluorescent analysis. SMA emulsions were taken up more efficiently into HUVEC than B16 cells under acidic condition in a temperature-dependent manner. Uptake study using endocytosis inhibitors showed that SMA emulsions were taken up by macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis in B16 cells. In HUVEC, however, they were taken up by clathrin- and caveolae-independent, but dynamin-dependent pathway. SMA emulsions would be internalized efficiently into vascular endothelial cells as well as cancer cells under acidic microenvironment via different endocytosis pathways. SMA emulsions could be a promising drug delivery carrier for anti-angiogenic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Moeka Inaba
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Masafumi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Ogawara
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, Li X, Liu W, Chen G, Liu J, Ma Q, Hou P, Liang L, Liu C. Polyphenol nanocomplex modulates lactate metabolic reprogramming and elicits immune responses to enhance cancer therapeutic effect. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 73:101060. [PMID: 38309140 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer lactate metabolic reprogramming induces an elevated level of extracellular lactate and H+, leading to an acidic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TEM). High lactic acid level may affect the metabolic programs of various cells that comprise an antitumor immune response, therefore, restricting immune-mediated tumor destruction, and leading to therapeutic resistance and unsatisfactory prognosis. Here, we report a metal-phenolic coordination-based nanocomplex loaded with a natural polyphenol galloflavin, which inhibits the function of lactate dehydrogenase, reducing the production of lactic acid, and alleviating the acidic immunosuppressive TME. Besides, the co-entrapped natural polyphenol carnosic acid and the synthetic PEG-Ce6 polyphenol derivative (serving as a photosensitizer) could induce immunogenic cancer cell death upon laser irradiation, which further activates immune system and promotes immune cell recruitment and infiltration in tumor tissues. We demonstrated that this nanocomplex-based combinational therapy could reshape the TME and elicit immune responses in a murine breast cancer model, which provides a promising strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficiency of drug-resistant breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinnan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanglei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinchi Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingtian Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengjie Hou
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Liang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Caigang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Stem Cell and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Innovative Cancer Drug Research and Development Engineering Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu J, Xu Z, Meng C, Wusiman S, Xie X, Wang Y, Xiao F, Gu C, Chen J, Ling CC, Li P, Yuan Z, Ling Y. Acidic tumor microenvironment-activatable fluorescent diagnostic probe for the rapid identification and resection of human tumors via spraying. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 234:115343. [PMID: 37167656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent diagnostic probe for real-time intraoperative image-guided tumor resection can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of oncological therapy, but their development is challenging. Herein, a novel fluorescent diagnostic probe called HLTC based on β-carboline was designed and synthesized. HLTC was found to show a ∼10-fold enhancement of fluorescence quantum field with pH from 7.4 to 4.0, indicating its imaging potential in acid environment which is a typical hallmark of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Following fluorescence microscopy imaging showed HLTC could emit specific signals in cancer cells and sections, by both one-photon excitation and two-photon excitation. Importantly, HLTC enabled the precise and rapid delineation of both transplanted tumor and clinical tumor tissues within several minutes of simple topical spray. The tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) was up to 10.2 ± 1.0 at clinical liver cancer tissues and 9.9 ± 0.3 at clinical colon cancer tissues, allowing precise tumor margin identification and the effective guidance of surgical tumor resection. Furthermore, CCK8 assay, pharmacokinetic evaluation, blood analysis and H&E staining were performed, which verified high biocompatibility and biosafety of HLTC at working concentration. These results reveal the exciting potential of this small-molecule fluorescent diagnostic probe for real-time fluorescence-based navigation during surgical tumor resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Sainaiwaiergul Wusiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xudong Xie
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Third People's Hospital and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Third People's Hospital and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nantong Third People's Hospital and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chang-Chun Ling
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Zhenwei Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan B, Zhao C, Wang J, Tiemuer A, Zhang Y, Yu H, Liu Y. Rational design of pH-activated upconversion luminescent nanoprobes for bioimaging of tumor acidic microenvironment and the enhancement of photothermal therapy. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:554-563. [PMID: 36087865 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective and safe tumor photothermal therapeutic strategies has attracted considerable attention. Herein, we synthesized tumor microenvironment (TME)-activatable self-assembling organic nanotheranostics (NRhD-PEG-X NPs (X = 1, 2, 3, and 4)) for precise tumor targeting and upconversion image-guided photothermal therapy (PTT). The amphiphilic polymer NRhD-PEG-X consisted of upconversion luminescent probes (NRhD) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) of various lengths. The continuous external irradiation-free photothermal NRhD-PEG-4 NPs with pKa 6.70 displayed high sensitivity and selectivity to protons, resulting in the turn-on upconversion luminescence and enhanced photothermal properties in the acidic TME without asynchronous therapy and side effects. This nanotheranostic offers acidic activatability, tumor targetability, and PTT enhancement, thus allowing autofluorescence-free upconversion luminescent imaging-guided precision PTT. Our strategy affords a paradigm to develop activatable theranostic nanoplatforms for precision medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a hyperthermia-based treatment, activatable photothermal therapy (PTT) is highly significant in tumor treatment. Herein, we develop acidic tumor microenvironment-activatable nanotheranostics for upconversion luminescent imaging-guided diagnosis and precision tumor-targeted PTT. PEGylation of upconversion dyes not only could self-assemble to yield organic nanoparticles in water, but it could also significantly improve biocompatibility, stability, and circulation time and tune significantly the pKa value of nanoparticles. In an acidic tumor microenvironment, NRhD-PEG-4 NPs with pKa 6.70 show high sensitivity to release NRhDH+-PEG-4 NPs, which exhibit good upconversion luminescence and enhanced photothermal effect. Therefore, upconversion luminescence imaging-guided precision PTT has high potential to enhance cancer diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Aliya Tiemuer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ando H, Ikeda A, Tagami M, Matsuo NCA, Shimizu T, Ishima Y, Eshima K, Ishida T. Oral administration of sodium bicarbonate can enhance the therapeutic outcome of Doxil® via neutralizing the acidic tumor microenvironment. J Control Release 2022; 350:414-20. [PMID: 35988781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The pH of the tumor microenvironment in solid tumors is reported to be more acidic than that of normal tissues. The pH is controlled by over-expression of several transporters that are associated with the progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis of solid tumors. Antitumor effects of weak-base anticancer agents, such as doxorubicin (DXR), could be reduced in an acidic environment because of increases in the ionized form of the drug under these conditions, reducing its membrane penetrability. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that oral administration of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) can neutralize the acidic tumor microenvironment and enhance the effects of small molecule anticancer drugs. However, it is not known whether or not increasing the tumor pH by oral administration of NaHCO3 leads to enhanced antitumor effects of lipidic nanoparticle formulations of weak-base anticancer drugs, such as Doxil®. In this study, we investigated the antitumor efficacy of Doxil® in combination with oral administration of NaHCO3 in a Colon26 tumor-bearing mouse model. NaHCO3 clearly enhanced the tumor-growth inhibitory effect of Doxil® without exacerbating any systemic side effects. In vitro studies indicated that high levels of DXR were internalized into cells at neutral pH. These studies demonstrate that the neutralization of acidic tumor microenvironment by an oral administration of NaHCO3 could be a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic outcomes of Doxil®.
Collapse
|
6
|
Su T, Huang S, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhang S, Guan J, Meng M, Liu L, Wang C, Yu D, Kwan HY, Huang Z, Huang Q, Lai-Han Leung E, Hu M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Lu L. miR-7/TGF- β2 axis sustains acidic tumor microenvironment-induced lung cancer metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:821-837. [PMID: 35251919 PMCID: PMC8896986 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidosis, regardless of hypoxia involvement, is recognized as a chronic and harsh tumor microenvironment (TME) that educates malignant cells to thrive and metastasize. Although overwhelming evidence supports an acidic environment as a driver or ubiquitous hallmark of cancer progression, the unrevealed core mechanisms underlying the direct effect of acidification on tumorigenesis have hindered the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and clinical therapy. Here, chemical-induced and transgenic mouse models for colon, liver and lung cancer were established, respectively. miR-7 and TGF-β2 expressions were examined in clinical tissues (n = 184). RNA-seq, miRNA-seq, proteomics, biosynthesis analyses and functional studies were performed to validate the mechanisms involved in the acidic TME-induced lung cancer metastasis. Our data show that lung cancer is sensitive to the increased acidification of TME, and acidic TME-induced lung cancer metastasis via inhibition of miR-7-5p. TGF-β2 is a direct target of miR-7-5p. The reduced expression of miR-7-5p subsequently increases the expression of TGF-β2 which enhances the metastatic potential of the lung cancer. Indeed, overexpression of miR-7-5p reduces the acidic pH-enhanced lung cancer metastasis. Furthermore, the human lung tumor samples also show a reduced miR-7-5p expression but an elevated level of activated TGF-β2; the expressions of both miR-7-5p and TGF-β2 are correlated with patients' survival. We are the first to identify the role of the miR-7/TGF-β2 axis in acidic pH-enhanced lung cancer metastasis. Our study not only delineates how acidification directly affects tumorigenesis, but also suggests miR-7 is a novel reliable biomarker for acidic TME and a novel therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Our study opens an avenue to explore the pH-sensitive subcellular components as novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Key Words
- AOM/DSS, azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate
- Acidic tumor microenvironment
- B[a]P, benzopyrene
- CA9, carbonic anhydrase IX
- DAB, diaminobenzidine
- DAVID, Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- DEN, diethylnitrosamine
- DEPs, differentially expressed proteins
- DSS, dextran sodium sulfate
- GEMMs, genetically engineered tumor mouse models
- GSEA, gene set enrichment analysis
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- ISH, in situ hybridization
- Invasion
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma
- LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma
- Lung cancer
- MCT, monocarboxylate transporter
- Metastasis
- NHE, Na+/H+ exchanger
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- TGF-β2
- TME, tumor microenvironment
- TMT, tandem mass tagging
- V-ATPase, vacuolar ATPase
- miR-7-5p
- pH
Collapse
|
7
|
Kan A, Wang S, Zhang L, Xu X, Zhang N, Jiang W. A functional DNA-modified dual-response gold nanoprobe for simultaneously imaging the acidic microenvironment and membrane proteins of tumor cells. Talanta 2021; 229:122284. [PMID: 33838778 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor progression is a complicated process influenced by multiple factors, in which the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) and altered tumor-associated membrane proteins (TA-MPs) are closely involved. Monitoring the status of these factors is of significance for tumor progression research. Here, we develop a novel probe for simultaneously imaging the acidic TME and TA-MPs in situ. In this probe, i-motif-forming sequences (strand I) are conjugated to a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) via gold-sulfur bonds for acid-response. Extended aptamers (strand A) for protein recognition are labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 respectively at two ends. The extended part of strand A hybridizes with strand I to quench Cy3 by the proximal AuNP, and the protein recognition part hybridizes with a strand labeled with BHQ2 (strand Q) to quench Cy5. When the integrated probe encounters an acidic TME, the strand I fold into i-motif quadruplexes and release the AQ duplexes from the AuNP, enabling Cy3 to be lit to indicate the acidic TME. The aptamers in AQ duplexes bind to target proteins, removing the hybridization between strand A and Q thus leading to the fluorescence recovery of Cy5 for in-situ imaging of the proteins. Fluorescence measurement and confocal microscopy imaging showed that the probe could sensitively respond to the alteration in acidity from pH 7.4 into pH 6.5, which is coincide with the acidity gap of extracellular microenvironment between normal and tumor cells. Besides, it enabled the in-situ imaging of MUC1 proteins on living cell surface, revealing their expression level and distribution. This probe demonstrates a new approach for simultaneously imaging the acidic TME and TA-MPs, providing a useful tool for multifactor research of tumor progression.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yuan L, Tatineni J, Mahoney KM, Freeman GJ. VISTA: A Mediator of Quiescence and a Promising Target in Cancer Immunotherapy. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:209-27. [PMID: 33495077 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is a B7 family member that maintains T cell and myeloid quiescence and is a promising target for combination cancer immunotherapy. During inflammatory challenges, VISTA activity reprograms macrophages towards reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines and increased production of interleukin (IL)-10 and other anti-inflammatory mediators. The interaction of VISTA with its ligands is regulated by pH, and the acidic pH ~6.0 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) facilitates VISTA binding to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1). Targeting intratumoral pH might be a way to reduce the immunoinhibitory activity of the VISTA pathway and enhance antitumor immune responses. We review differences among VISTA therapeutics under development as candidate immunotherapies, focusing on VISTA binding partners and the unique structural features of this interaction.
Collapse
|
9
|
Choi SYC, Lin D, Gout PW, Collins CC, Xu Y, Wang Y. Lessons from patient-derived xenografts for better in vitro modeling of human cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 79-80:222-37. [PMID: 25305336 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel cancer therapeutics is often plagued by discrepancies between drug efficacies obtained in preclinical studies and outcomes of clinical trials. The inconsistencies can be attributed to a lack of clinical relevance of the cancer models used for drug testing. While commonly used in vitro culture systems are advantageous for addressing specific experimental questions, they are often gross, fidelity-lacking simplifications that largely ignore the heterogeneity of cancers as well as the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Factors such as tumor architecture, interactions among cancer cells and between cancer and stromal cells, and an acidic tumor microenvironment are critical characteristics observed in patient-derived cancer xenograft models and in the clinic. By mimicking these crucial in vivo characteristics through use of 3D cultures, co-culture systems and acidic culture conditions, an in vitro cancer model/microenvironment that is more physiologically relevant may be engineered to produce results more readily applicable to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Yiu Chuen Choi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Peter W Gout
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Colin C Collins
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song J, Ge Z, Yang X, Luo Q, Wang C, You H, Ge T, Deng Y, Lin H, Cui Y, Chu W, Yao M, Zhang Z, Gu J, Fan J, Qin W. Hepatic stellate cells activated by acidic tumor microenvironment promote the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via osteopontin. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:713-20. [PMID: 25449435 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular pH of solid tumor is generally acidic due to excessive glycolysis and poor perfusion. But whether acidic tumor microenvironment influenced the stromal cells infiltrating in tumor remains unknown. As the predominant progenitor of stromal cells in liver, the number of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was found positively correlated to the acidification level in the tumor tissues of HCC patients in our study. Whereas, in vitro acidic culture condition and in vivo co-implanting xenograft model were adopted to study the response of HSCs and its influence on HCC progression. HSCs were activated under acidic culture condition depending on the phosphorylation of cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Acidity-activated HSCs promoted HCC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Osteopontin (OPN) excretion from HSCs was increased under acidic condition and proved to promote the migration of HCC cells. Furthermore, the expression level of OPN was significantly associated with myofibroblasts and the combination of α-SMA with OPN was a powerful predictor for poor prognosis of HCC patients. Activation of HSCs in acidic tumor microenvironment represents a novel mechanism for HCC metastasis and provides a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acids/chemistry
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/secondary
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Culture Media, Conditioned/pharmacology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/metabolism
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Myofibroblasts/pathology
- Osteopontin/genetics
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhouhong Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinrong Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haiyan You
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tianxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hechun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongqi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianren Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis & Cancer Invasion, the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25/Ln 2200 Xie-Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|