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Heras AF, Veerappan A, Silver RB, Emala CW, Worgall TS, Perez-Zoghbi J, Worgall S. Increasing Sphingolipid Synthesis Alleviates Airway Hyperreactivity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:690-698. [PMID: 32706610 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0194oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired sphingolipid synthesis is linked genetically to childhood asthma and functionally to airway hyperreactivity (AHR). The objective was to investigate whether sphingolipid synthesis could be a target for asthma therapeutics. The effects of GlyH-101 and fenretinide via modulation of de novo sphingolipid synthesis on AHR was evaluated in mice deficient in SPT (serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase), the rate-limiting enzyme of sphingolipid synthesis. The drugs were also used directly in human airway smooth-muscle and epithelial cells to evaluate changes in de novo sphingolipid metabolites and calcium release. GlyH-101 and fenretinide increased sphinganine and dihydroceramides (de novo sphingolipid metabolites) in lung epithelial and airway smooth-muscle cells, decreased the intracellular calcium concentration in airway smooth-muscle cells, and decreased agonist-induced contraction in proximal and peripheral airways. GlyH-101 also decreased AHR in SPT-deficient mice in vivo. This study identifies the manipulation of sphingolipid synthesis as a novel metabolic therapeutic strategy to alleviate AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tilla S Worgall
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Stefan Worgall
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Genetic Medicine, and.,Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
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Zirpoli H, Abdillahi M, Quadri N, Ananthakrishnan R, Wang L, Rosario R, Zhu Z, Deckelbaum RJ, Ramasamy R. Acute administration of n-3 rich triglyceride emulsions provides cardioprotection in murine models after ischemia-reperfusion. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116274. [PMID: 25559887 PMCID: PMC4283969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary n-3 fatty acids (FAs) may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. We questioned whether acute administration of n-3 rich triglyceride (TG) emulsions could preserve cardiac function and decrease injury after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult. We used two different experimental models: in vivo, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and ex-vivo, C57BL/6 murine hearts were perfused using Langendorff technique (LT). In the LAD model, mice treated with n-3 TG emulsion (1.5g/kg body weight), immediately after ischemia and 1h later during reperfusion, significantly reduced infarct size and maintained cardiac function (p<0.05). In the LT model, administration of n-3 TG emulsion (300mgTG/100ml) during reperfusion significantly improved functional recovery (p<0.05). In both models, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, as a marker of injury, were significantly reduced by n-3 TG emulsion. To investigate the mechanisms by which n-3 FAs protects hearts from I/R injury, we investigated changes in key pathways linked to cardioprotection. In the ex-vivo model, we showed that n-3 FAs increased phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β proteins (p<0.05). Acute n-3 TG emulsion treatment also increased Bcl-2 protein level and reduced an autophagy marker, Beclin-1 (p<0.05). Additionally, cardioprotection by n-3 TG emulsion was linked to changes in PPARγ protein expression (p<0.05). Rosiglitazone and p-AKT inhibitor counteracted the positive effect of n-3 TG; GSK3β inhibitor plus n-3 TG significantly inhibited LDH release. We conclude that acute n-3 TG injection during reperfusion provides cardioprotection. This may prove to be a novel acute adjunctive reperfusion therapy after treating patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hylde Zirpoli
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mariane Abdillahi
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nosirudeen Quadri
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Radha Ananthakrishnan
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lingjie Wang
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rosa Rosario
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zhengbin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Deckelbaum
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (R. Ramasamy); (RJD)
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (R. Ramasamy); (RJD)
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Liu WM, Zhang J, Lu LZ, Shi FX, Niu D, Wang DL, Yu B, Tao ZR, Shen JD, Wang DQ, Tian Y. Effects of perilla extract on productive performance, serum values and hepatic expression of lipid-related genes in Shaoxing ducks. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:381-7. [PMID: 21732885 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.577053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of perilla extract, a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, on lipid metabolism and expression of lipid-related genes in livers of Shaoxing ducks. 2. Two hundred and forty 28-week-old laying ducks received a commercial diet with perilla extract added at 0 (control) or 200 mg/kg of feed. 3. Ducks fed on a diet with perilla extract had increased laying rates compared with control ducks. 4. Serum concentrations of triglycerides were reduced by perilla extract, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total serum cholesterol increased. 5. The expression of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, acetyl CoA carboxylase, stearoyl CoA desaturase, fatty acid synthase, apolipoprotein B, and apolipoprotein very low density lipoprotein, were decreased in the perilla group. 6. The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase was enhanced following treatment with perilla extract, and a similar tendency was observed in the expression of liver fatty acid-binding protein. 7. The results show that a diet with 200 mg/kg perilla extract regulated fat metabolism of Shaoxing ducks by improving egg laying, altering serum lipid profiles, stimulating lipid catabolic gene expression and inhibiting lipogenic gene expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Liu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Neess D, Bloksgaard M, Bek S, Marcher AB, Elle IC, Helledie T, Due M, Pagmantidis V, Finsen B, Wilbertz J, Kruhøffer M, Færgeman N, Mandrup S. Disruption of the acyl-CoA-binding protein gene delays hepatic adaptation to metabolic changes at weaning. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:3460-72. [PMID: 21106527 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.161109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam binding inhibitor is an intracellular protein that binds C(14)-C(22) acyl-CoA esters and is thought to act as an acyl-CoA transporter. In vitro analyses have indicated that ACBP can transport acyl-CoA esters between different enzymatic systems; however, little is known about the in vivo function in mammalian cells. We have generated mice with targeted disruption of ACBP (ACBP(-/-)). These mice are viable and fertile and develop normally. However, around weaning, the ACBP(-/-) mice go through a crisis with overall weakness and a slightly decreased growth rate. Using microarray analysis, we show that the liver of ACBP(-/-) mice displays a significantly delayed adaptation to weaning with late induction of target genes of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) family. As a result, hepatic de novo cholesterogenesis is decreased at weaning. The delayed induction of SREBP target genes around weaning is caused by a compromised processing and decreased expression of SREBP precursors, leading to reduced binding of SREBP to target sites in chromatin. In conclusion, lack of ACBP interferes with the normal metabolic adaptation to weaning and leads to delayed induction of the lipogenic gene program in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Neess
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Jung UJ, Torrejon C, Tighe AP, Deckelbaum RJ. n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: mechanisms underlying beneficial effects. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87:2003S-9S. [PMID: 18541602 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.6.2003s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary n-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, are important nutrients through the life cycle. Evidence from observational, clinical, animal, and in vitro studies indicates a beneficial role of n-3 fatty acids in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease. Although the precise mechanisms are still unclear, clinical and preclinical studies indicate that the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids may be attributed to a number of distinct biological effects on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, blood pressure, platelet function, arterial cholesterol delivery, vascular function, and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un Ju Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, and Scientiae, LLC, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Arazi SS, Genvigir FDV, Willrich MAV, Hirata MH, Dorea EL, Bernik M, Hirata RDC. Atorvastatin effects on SREBF1a and SCAP gene expression in mononuclear cells and its relation with lowering-lipids response. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 393:119-24. [PMID: 18435918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 03/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transcription factors SREBP1 and SCAP are involved in intracellular cholesterol homeostasis. Polymorphisms of these genes have been associated with variations on serum lipid levels and response to statins that are potent cholesterol-lowering drugs. We evaluated the effects of atorvastatin on SREBF1a and SCAP mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and a possible association with gene polymorphisms and lowering-cholesterol response. METHODS Fifty-nine hypercholesterolemic patients were treated with atorvastatin (10 mg/day for 4 weeks). Serum lipid profile and mRNA expression in PBMC were assessed before and after the treatment. Gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR using GAPD as endogenous reference and mRNA expression in HepG2 cells as calibrator. SREBF1 -36delG and SCAP A2386G polymorphisms were detected by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Our results showed that transcription of SREBF1a and SCAP was coordinately regulated by atorvastatin (r=0.595, p<0.001), and that reduction in SCAP transcription was associated with the 2386AA genotype (p=0.019). Individuals who responded to atorvastatin with a downregulation of SCAP had also a lower triglyceride compared to those who responded to atorvastatin with an upregulation of SCAP. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin has differential effects on SREBF1a and SCAP mRNA expression in PBMC that are associated with baseline transcription levels, triglycerides response to atorvastatin and SCAP A2386G polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Sorkin Arazi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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