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Rosbach N, Fischer S, Koch V, Vogl TJ, Bochennek K, Lehrnbecher T, Mahmoudi S, Grünewald L, Grünwald F, Bernatz S. Correlation of mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) evaluated by diffusion-weighted MRI and 18F-FDG-PET/CT in children with Hodgkin lymphoma: a feasibility study. Radiol Oncol 2023; 57:150-157. [PMID: 37341195 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2023-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective was to analyse if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can act as a non-radiation exposure surrogate for (18)F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in children with histologically confirmed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) before treatment. This was done by analysing a potential correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in MRI and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in FDG-PET/CT. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventeen patients (six female, eleven male, median age: 16 years, range: 12-20 years) with histologically confirmed HL were retrospectively analysed. The patients underwent both MRI and (18)F-FDG PET/CT before the start of treatment. (18)F-FDG PET/CT data and correlating ADC maps in MRI were collected. For each HL-lesion two readers independently evaluated the SUVmax and correlating meanADC. RESULTS The seventeen patients had a total of 72 evaluable lesions of HL and there was no significant difference in the number of lesions between male and female patients (median male: 15, range: 12-19 years, median female: 17 range: 12-18 years, p = 0.021). The mean duration between MRI and PET/CT was 5.9 ± 5.3 days. The inter-reader agreement as assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was excellent (ICC = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99). The correlated SUVmax and meanADC of all 17 patients (ROIs n = 72) showed a strong negative correlation of -0.75 (95% CI: -0.84, - -0.63, p = 0.001). Analysis revealed a difference in the correlations of the examination fields. The correlated SUVmax and meanADC showed a strong correlation at neck and thoracal examinations (neck: -0.83, 95% CI: -0.93, - -0.63, p < 0.0001, thoracal: -0.82, 95% CI: -0.91, - -0.64, p < 0.0001) and a fair correlation at abdominal examinations of -0.62 (95% CI: -0.83, - -0.28, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SUVmax and meanADC showed a strong negative correlation in paediatric HL lesions. The assessment seemed robust according to inter-reader agreements. Our results suggest that ADC maps and meanADC have the potential to replace PET/CT in the analysis of disease activity in paediatric Hodgkin lymphoma patients. This may help reduce the number of PET/CT examinations and decrease radiation exposure to children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosbach
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fischer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vitali Koch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas J Vogl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Konrad Bochennek
- Division of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Lehrnbecher
- Division of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Scherwin Mahmoudi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Leon Grünewald
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Grünwald
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simon Bernatz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Zhang C, Zheng J, Chen W, Yang W, Tan X, Fan X, Shen G, Qu L, Chen Z, Shi C. Mitochondrial-targeting fluorescent small molecule IR-780 alleviates radiation-induced brain injury. Brain Res 2023; 1805:148285. [PMID: 36801209 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a common complication of radiation therapy for brain tumors. Vascular damage is one of the key factors closely related to the severity of the RIBI. However, effective vascular target treatment strategies are lacking. Previously, we have identified a fluorescent small molecule dye, IR-780, which shows the properties of injury tissue targeting and provided protection against various injuries by modulating oxidative stress. This study aims to validate the therapeutic effect of IR-780 on RIBI. The effectiveness of IR-780 against RIBI has been comprehensively evaluated through techniques such as behavior, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Evans Blue leakage experiments, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. Results show that IR-780 improves cognitive dysfunction, reduces neuroinflammation, restores the expression of tight junction proteins in the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and promotes the recovery of BBB function after whole brain irradiation. IR-780 also accumulates in injured cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, and its subcellular location is in the mitochondria. More importantly, IR-780 can reduce the levels of cellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. Moreover, IR-780 has no significant toxic side effects. IR-780 alleviates RIBI by protecting vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress, reducing neuroinflammation, and restoring BBB function, suggesting IR-780 as a promising treatment candidate for RIBI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Jiancheng Zheng
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Wanchao Chen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China; Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Tan
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Gufang Shen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Langfan Qu
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Chen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China.
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China.
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Wu Q, Fang Y, Huang X, Zheng F, Ma S, Zhang X, Han T, Gao H, Shen B. Role of Orai3-Mediated Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Radiation-Induced Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076818. [PMID: 37047790 PMCID: PMC10095176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced brain injury is a serious complication with complex pathogenesis that may accompany radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. Although studies have shown that calcium (Ca2+) signaling may be involved in the occurrence and development of radiation-induced brain injury, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting assays to verify our previous finding using next-generation sequencing that the mRNA and protein expression levels of Orai3 in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMECs) increased after X-ray irradiation. We next explored the role of Orai3 and Orai3-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in radiation-induced brain injury. Primary cultured rBMECs derived from wild-type and Orai3 knockout (Orai3(-/-)) Sprague-Dawley rats were used for in vitro experiments. Orai3-mediated SOCE was significantly increased in rBMECs after X-ray irradiation. However, X-ray irradiation-induced SOCE increase was markedly reduced in Orai3 knockout rBMECs, and the percentage of BTP2 (a nonselective inhibitor of Orai channels)-inhibited SOCE was significantly decreased in Orai3 knockout rBMECs. Functional studies indicated that X-ray irradiation decreased rBMEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation (a model for assessing angiogenesis) but increased rBMEC apoptosis, all of which were ameliorated by BTP2. In addition, occurrences of all four functional deficits were suppressed in X-ray irradiation-exposed rBMECs derived from Orai3(-/-) rats. Cerebrovascular damage caused by whole-brain X-ray irradiation was much less in Orai3(-/-) rats than in wild-type rats. These findings provide evidence that Orai3-mediated SOCE plays an important role in radiation-induced rBMEC damage and brain injury and suggest that Orai3 may warrant development as a potential therapeutic target for reducing or preventing radiation-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang Fang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fan Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinchen Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tingting Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huiwen Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Radwan RR, Mohamed HA. Mechanistic approach of the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells on brain damage in irradiated mice: emphasis on anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1463-1472. [PMID: 35647928 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2084170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Brain damage which has been induced by radiation generally occurs in radiotherapeutics patients. Stem cell transplantation represents a vital applicant for alleviating neurodegenerative disorders. This work aims at exploring the potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on brain injury induced by γ radiation in mice and the possible underlying mechanisms were elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were allocated into three groups; Group I (Control), Group II (Irradiated control) where mice submitted to 5 Gy of whole-body γ radiation, Group III (Irradiated + BM-MSCs) where mice were intravenously injected of BM-MSCs at a dose of 106 cells/mice 24 h following irradiation. Animals were sacrificed 28 d following exposure to γ radiation. RESULTS It was observed that BM-MSCs therapy provided a valuable tissue repair as evidenced by a reduction in inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa (NF-κβ), phosphorylated NF-κβ-p65 (P-NF-κβ-p65), interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) associated with decreased levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in brain tissues of irradiated mice. Furthermore, neuronal apoptosis was declined in brain tissues of the BM-MSCs group as remarkable inhibition of caspase-3 and Bax accompanied by elevation of Bcl-2 proteins expression. These results were supported by histopathological investigation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, BM-MSCs could display a vital rule in alleviating brain injury in radio-therapeutic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha R Radwan
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Heba A Mohamed
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Egypt
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Zhou S, Li Y, He L, Chen M, Li W, Xiao T, Guan J, Qi Z, Wang Q, Li S, Zhou P, Wang Z. Haptoglobin is an early indicator of survival after radiation-induced severe injury and bone marrow transplantation in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:461. [PMID: 36068556 PMCID: PMC9450283 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the main treatment for acute radiation sickness, especially after fatal radiation. The determination of HSCT for radiation patients is mainly based on radiation dose, hemogram and bone marrow injury severity. This study aims to explore a better biomarker of acute radiation injury from the perspective of systemic immune response.
Methods C57BL/6J female mice were exposed to total body irradiation (TBI) and partial body irradiation (PBI). Changes in haptoglobin (Hp) level in plasma were shown at different doses and time points after the exposure and treatment with amifostine or bone marrow transplantation. Student’s t-test/two tailed test were used in two groups. To decide the Hp levels as a predictor of the radiation dose in TBI and PBI, multiple linear regression analysis were performed. The ability of biomarkers to identify two groups of different samples was determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Significance was set at P value < 0.05, and P value < 0.01 was set as highly significant. Survival distribution was determined by log-rank test. Results In this study, we found that Hp was elevated dose-dependently in plasma in the early post-irradiation period and decreased on the second day, which can be used as a molecular indicator for early dose assessment. Moreover, we detected the second increase of Hp on the 3rd and 5th days after the lethal irradiation at 10 Gy, which was eliminated by amifostine, a radiation protection drug, while protected mice from death. Most importantly, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on the 3rd and 5th day after 10 Gy radiation improved the 30-days survival rate, and effectively accelerated the regression of secondary increased Hp level. Conclusions Our study suggests that Hp can be used not only as an early molecule marker of radiation injury, but also as an important indicator of bone marrow transplantation therapy for radiation injury, bringing new scientific discoveries in the diagnosis and treatment of acute radiation injury from the perspective of systemic immunity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03162-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiang Zhou
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lexin He
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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6
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Ratushnyak MG, Semochkina YP, Yastremsky EV, Kamyshinsky RA. Stem Cell Exosomes Improve Survival of Neural Stem Cells after Radiation Exposure. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 173:544-552. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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7
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Lalkovicova M. Neuroprotective agents effective against radiation damage of central nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1885-1892. [PMID: 35142663 PMCID: PMC8848589 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation caused by medical treatments, nuclear events or even space flights can irreversibly damage structure and function of brain cells. That can result in serious brain damage, with memory and behavior disorders, or even fatal oncologic or neurodegenerative illnesses. Currently used treatments and drugs are mostly targeting biochemical processes of cell apoptosis, radiation toxicity, neuroinflammation, and conditions such as cognitive-behavioral disturbances or others that result from the radiation insult. With most drugs, the side effects and potential toxicity are also to be considered. Therefore, many agents have not been approved for clinical use yet. In this review, we focus on the latest and most effective agents that have been used in animal and also in the human research, and clinical treatments. They could have the potential therapeutical use in cases of radiation damage of central nervous system, and also in prevention considering their radioprotecting effect of nervous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Lalkovicova
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia; Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Physics, Košice, Slovakia
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Kim CK, Sachdev PS, Braidy N. Recent Neurotherapeutic Strategies to Promote Healthy Brain Aging: Are we there yet? Aging Dis 2022; 13:175-214. [PMID: 35111369 PMCID: PMC8782556 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the global exponential increase in population ageing, there is an urgent unmet need to develop reliable strategies to slow down and delay the ageing process. Age-related neurodegenerative diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality in our contemporary society and represent a major socio-economic burden. There are several controversial factors that are thought to play a causal role in brain ageing which are continuously being examined in experimental models. Among them are oxidative stress and brain inflammation which are empirical to brain ageing. Although some candidate drugs have been developed which reduce the ageing phenotype, their clinical translation is limited. There are several strategies currently in development to improve brain ageing. These include strategies such as caloric restriction, ketogenic diet, promotion of cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, removal of senescent cells, 'young blood' transfusions, enhancement of adult neurogenesis, stem cell therapy, vascular risk reduction, and non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies. Several studies have shown that these strategies can not only improve brain ageing by attenuating age-related neurodegenerative disease mechanisms, but also maintain cognitive function in a variety of pre-clinical experimental murine models. However, clinical evidence is limited and many of these strategies are awaiting findings from large-scale clinical trials which are nascent in the current literature. Further studies are needed to determine their long-term efficacy and lack of adverse effects in various tissues and organs to gain a greater understanding of their potential beneficial effects on brain ageing and health span in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Kyu Kim
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Nanduri LSY, Duddempudi PK, Yang WL, Tamarat R, Guha C. Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Radiation Injuries. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:662437. [PMID: 34084138 PMCID: PMC8167064 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.662437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal tissue injury from accidental or therapeutic exposure to high-dose radiation can cause severe acute and delayed toxicities, which result in mortality and chronic morbidity. Exposure to single high-dose radiation leads to a multi-organ failure, known as acute radiation syndrome, which is caused by radiation-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage to tissue stem cells. The radiation exposure results in acute cell loss, cell cycle arrest, senescence, and early damage to bone marrow and intestine with high mortality from sepsis. There is an urgent need for developing medical countermeasures against radiation injury for normal tissue toxicity. In this review, we discuss the potential of applying secretory extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages for promoting repair and regeneration of organs after radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Sarad Yamini Nanduri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Phaneendra K Duddempudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Weng-Lang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Radia Tamarat
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Chandan Guha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Institute for Onco-Physics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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10
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Rezvani M. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Radiation Lesions-A Review. Cells 2021; 10:427. [PMID: 33670501 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionising radiation-induced normal tissue damage is a major concern in clinic and public health. It is the most limiting factor in radiotherapy treatment of malignant diseases. It can also cause a serious harm to populations exposed to accidental radiation exposure or nuclear warfare. With regard to the clinical use of radiation, there has been a number of modalities used in the field of radiotherapy. These includes physical modalities such modified collimators or fractionation schedules in radiotherapy. In addition, there are a number of pharmacological agents such as essential fatty acids, vasoactive drugs, enzyme inhibitors, antioxidants, and growth factors for the prevention or treatment of radiation lesions in general. However, at present, there is no standard procedure for the treatment of radiation-induced normal tissue lesions. Stem cells and their role in tissue regeneration have been known to biologists, in particular to radiobiologists, for many years. It was only recently that the potential of stem cells was studied in the treatment of radiation lesions. Stem cells, immediately after their successful isolation from a variety of animal and human tissues, demonstrated their likely application in the treatment of various diseases. This paper describes the types and origin of stem cells, their characteristics, current research, and reviews their potential in the treatment and regeneration of radiation induced normal tissue lesions. Adult stem cells, among those mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are the most extensively studied of stem cells. This review focuses on the effects of MSCs in the treatment of radiation lesions.
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