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Solis-Torres N, Braverman-Diaz I, Rivera-Morales LA, Perez-Sanchez JJ, Perez-Bravo VS, Neris-Sanchez AJ, Vera A, Diaz-Algorri Y. Medical students' knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccine and head and neck cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2344248. [PMID: 38659106 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2344248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection that significantly affects the population worldwide. HPV preventive methods include vaccination, prophylactics, and education. Different types of cancers associated with HPV usually take years or decades to develop after infections, such as Head and Neck Cancer(HNC). Therefore, HPV prevention can be considered cancer prevention. A sample of medical students in Puerto Rico was evaluated to assess their knowledge about HPV, HPV vaccine, and HNC through two previously validated online questionnaires composed of 38 dichotomized questions, we measured HPV, HPV vaccination(HPVK), and HNC knowledge (HNCK). Out of 104 students surveyed, the mean HPVK score obtained was 20.07/26, SD = 3.86, while the mean score for HNCK was 6.37/12, SD = 1.78. Bidirectional stepwise regression showed study year and HPV Vaccine name had been the most influential variables on HPVK and HNCK. MS1 participants scored lower than MS2-MS4 participants, with no significant difference between MS2-MS4 scores. The results reveal knowledge gaps in HPV/HPV Vaccine and HNC among surveyed medical students. Our findings also suggest an association between knowledge of personal vaccination status, self-perceived risk, and how uncertainty in these factors may affect the medical students' understanding of HPV, HPV vaccination, and associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isardo Braverman-Diaz
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis A Rivera-Morales
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Jose J Perez-Sanchez
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Valeria S Perez-Bravo
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Angel J Neris-Sanchez
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Alexis Vera
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Yaritza Diaz-Algorri
- Master of Public Health Program, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
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Evans LK, Azar SS, Chen H, Saad M, Subhash S, Su-Velez BM, St John MA. Improving HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer Knowledge and HPV Vaccination Rates via Virtual Workshops. Laryngoscope 2024. [PMID: 38400791 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the efficacy of a virtual, interdisciplinary workshop in improving HPV knowledge, and vaccination practices among primary care and dental trainees. METHODS A virtual platform was utilized to hold HPV educational workshops with primary care and dental trainees. Online surveys were distributed before and after the 1-h interactive workshop, led by otolaryngology residents. Surveys included the workshop's impact on (a) improving knowledge of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and (b) affecting change in HPV vaccination practices. The vaccination rates of trainees were recorded prior to and after workshop attendance. RESULTS After the workshop, participants demonstrated significantly improved scores related to knowledge of HPV in the head and neck (p = 0.003) and showed an increased comfort level with counseling on HPV vaccination (p = 0.002). Respondents were also more aware that the HPV vaccine is approved to prevent OPSCC (61% vs. 95%, p < 0.05). Ninety-seven percent of respondents stated that the workshop changed their HPV vaccination practices, and 95% of those not fully vaccinated stated they would now be more likely to receive the vaccine themselves. There was a significant increase in the average number of HPV vaccines administered at the studied trainee clinic, from 16.83 vaccines/month to 37.6 vaccines/month (percent increase = 123%) in 5 months following the workshop (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION The present interactive virtual workshop demonstrates efficacy in improving HPV-related knowledge and vaccination practices among trainees. The virtual nature of the course facilitates knowledge transfer and can be used to foster multi-institutional partnerships regarding medical education and vaccination efforts. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauran K Evans
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Shaghauyegh S Azar
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Haidee Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Miryam Saad
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Sneha Subhash
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California, U.S.A
| | - Brooke M Su-Velez
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, U.S.A
| | - Maie A St John
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
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Grigolo AV, Wendt GW, Lucio LC. Factors Associated with HPV Knowledge Among Professionals in the City of Francisco Beltrão, Brazil. J Community Health 2023; 48:652-658. [PMID: 36920712 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, affecting nearly 50% of the world population. HPV can lead to tissue damage and is associated with many types of cancers. Healthcare professionals' knowledge regarding HPV infection are essential in assuring favorable outcomes for those exposed to HPV, either in prevention or in intervention efforts. In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we explored the levels of HPV knowledge among health professionals in a Brazilian municipality. In total, 260 individuals (90% women), aged 21-66 years (Mean = 40.10 ± 9.30) participated in this investigation and responded to standard questionnaires measuring HPV knowledge as well as sociodemographic and occupational data. Regarding HPV knowledge, 85 (32.8%) individuals were considered to have sufficient knowledge (scored good or very good according to percentile classifications), whereas 174 (67.2%) were labeled as having insufficient knowledge. Mann-Whitney tests showed higher HPV knowledge among those who reported not having children (p = 0.05) and lower levels in the group of community health workers (CHW; p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that having children (OR = 0.50; 95%CI: 0.26, 0.96) and being a CHW (OR = 0.52; 95%CI: 0.28, 0.97) were independently associated with insufficient knowledge about HPV. In conclusion, data reported in this study might aid in understanding factors associated with HPV management given the evidence collected from healthcare professionals, suggesting strategies to promote both health education and promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriane V Grigolo
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Guilherme W Wendt
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Léia Carolina Lucio
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil.
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Franca MC, Boyer VE, Gerend MA, Lee M, Whittington KD, McKinney SL, Collins SK, McKinnies RC, Adjei Boakye E. College Students' Awareness of the Link Between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-Associated Cancers. J Cancer Educ 2023; 38:669-676. [PMID: 35459979 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02172-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We describe the level of awareness of the link between HPV and HPV-associated cancers and identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with awareness. This was a cross-sectional study of college students (n = 862) at a public Midwestern university conducted between February and May 2021. The outcomes were student's awareness-accessed by asking students if they knew whether HPV was causally link with anal, cervical, vaginal, oropharyngeal, vulvar, and penile cancers. Logistic regression models estimated the association between sociodemographic and sexual behavior and awareness of the link between HPV and HPV-associated cancers. Approximately 70% were aware that HPV causes cervical, 53% were aware HPV causes vaginal, 40% were aware HPV causes vulvar cancers, 39% were aware HPV causes oropharyngeal, 38% were aware HPV causes penile, and 34% were aware HPV causes anal cancers. In multivariable analyses, men were less likely to be aware that HPV causes vaginal (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.30-0.59) or vulvar cancers (aOR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.38-0.77) compared to women. Compared with sexually naïve students, those who had have oral and vaginal sex were more likely to be aware that HPV causes anal (aOR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.17-3.34), penile (aOR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.11-2.97), vaginal (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.14-2.88), or vulvar (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.24-3.40) cancers. Awareness of the link between HPV and HPV-associated cancers was low, except cervical. This underscores the need for more tailored interventions to increase knowledge about HPV and its association with cancer. Increasing students' levels of awareness may impact HPV vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Franca
- Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Valerie E Boyer
- Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Mary A Gerend
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Minjee Lee
- Department of Population Science and Policy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Kelli D Whittington
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Stacey L McKinney
- Department of Dental Hygiene, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Sandra K Collins
- Department of Health Care Management, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Richard C McKinnies
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Eric Adjei Boakye
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Sutton S, Azar SS, Evans LK, Murtagh A, McCarthy C, John MS. HPV Knowledge Retention and Concurrent Increase in Vaccination Rates 1.5 Years After a Novel HPV Workshop in Medical School. J Cancer Educ 2023; 38:240-247. [PMID: 34669178 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-02106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive education regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) pathogenesis, vaccination, and patient counseling are not routinely included in the medical school curriculum; consequently, student and provider knowledge, especially concerning head and neck pathology, remains low. The objective of this study was to demonstrate long-term retention of HPV knowledge and positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination after attending our novel HPV workshop, with a focus on knowledge of oropharyngeal cancer. A follow-up survey was administered to medical students 1.5 years after the initial completion of the workshop. HPV vaccination records from the student-led clinic were collected from the immunization information system. Awareness that HPV causes oropharyngeal cancer was present in 33% of medical students pre-curriculum; immediate and long-term post-curricular awareness of this association remained at 90% or higher (p < 0.0001). Comfort with HPV counseling, having enough information to recommend the vaccine, and knowledge of HPV malignancies, symptoms, transmission, and vaccination schedule remained persistently elevated over pre-curriculum scores (p < 0.05). Long-term knowledge scores were also higher than a control group of medical students at the same stage of training who had never participated in the workshop (p < 0.05). HPV vaccination rates at the medical school's student-run clinic also increased after the curriculum, from an average of 1.89 HPV vaccines given per clinic to 3.55 (p = 0.001). This study demonstrates that knowledge and positive attitudes were maintained 1.5 years after participating in this HPV curriculum during students' preclinical years of medical school. Additionally, an increase in HPV vaccination rates occurred at a student-led clinic, indicating a positive clinical impact on the curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sutton
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine - Reno, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Shaghauyegh S Azar
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lauran K Evans
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ariel Murtagh
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California Irvine - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine McCarthy
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine - Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Maie St John
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Bunting SR, Morris S, Chael J, Feinstein BA, Hazra A, Garber SS. Knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccination: A multi-institution, cross-sectional study of allopathic and osteopathic medical students. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280287. [PMID: 36630459 PMCID: PMC9833510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a well-established and successful tool for preventing HPV-related cancers. However, vaccine uptake remains low, influenced by patient hesitancy around safety concerns and little opportunity to discuss the vaccine with trusted healthcare providers. We conducted a national, cross-sectional study of allopathic and osteopathic medical students regarding knowledge of HPV vaccination guidelines March-April 2021. Analysis sought to identify gaps in knowledge as well as demographic and academic correlates of knowledge. A total of 718 students participated (response rate = 50.8%). While 92.8% of participants identified the connection between HPV and cervical cancer, lower percentages associated HPV with vaginal/vulvar (67.7%), anal (63.3%), and penile (53.9%) cancers. Low percentages of participants correctly identified age of HPV vaccine eligibility (33.3%) and how many doses are needed for full protection (48.1%). This study identifies specific knowledge gaps in medical students' training on HPV-related cancers and HPV vaccination guidelines. Through addressing these gaps, we may improve HPV vaccine uptake and decrease the incidence of HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R. Bunting
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Samantha Morris
- Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Julia Chael
- Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Brian A. Feinstein
- Department of Psychology, College of Health Professions, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Aniruddha Hazra
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sarah S. Garber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Du EY, Adjei Boakye E, Taylor DB, Kuziez D, Rohde RL, Pannu JS, Simpson MC, Patterson RH, Varvares MA, Osazuwa-Peters N. Medical students' knowledge of HPV, HPV vaccine, and HPV-associated head and neck cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2109892. [PMID: 36070503 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2109892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of their training, medical students are considered "the best case scenario" among university students in knowledge of the human papillomavirus (HPV). We evaluated differences in knowledge of HPV, HPV vaccine, and head and neck cancer (HNC) among medical students. A previously validated questionnaire was completed by 247 medical students at a Midwestern university. Outcomes of interest were knowledge score for HPV and HPV vaccine, and HNC, derived from combining questionnaire items to form HPV knowledge and HNC scores, and analyzed using multivariate linear regression. Mean scores for HPV knowledge were 19.4 out of 26, and 7.2 out of 12 for HNC knowledge. In the final multivariate linear regression model, sex, race, and year of study were independently associated with HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge. Males had significantly lower HPV vaccine knowledge than females (β = -1.53; 95% CI: -2.53, -0.52), as did nonwhite students (β = -1.05; 95% CI: -2.07, -0.03). There was a gradient in HPV vaccine knowledge based on the year of study, highest among fourth year students (β = 6.75; 95% CI: 5.17, 8.33). Results were similar for factors associated with HNC knowledge, except for sex. HNC knowledge similarly increased based on year of study, highest for fourth year students (β = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.72, 3.29). Among medical students, gaps remain in knowledge of HPV, HPV vaccine, and HPV-linked HNC. Male medical students have significantly lower knowledge of HPV. This highlights the need to increase medical student knowledge of HPV and HPV-linked HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Du
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Adjei Boakye
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Derian B Taylor
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Duaa Kuziez
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca L Rohde
- Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jaibir S Pannu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Matthew C Simpson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.,Advanced Health Data Research Institute, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rolvix H Patterson
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark A Varvares
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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Levy MS, Finch L, Lindsay KA, Jeudin P, Huang M. Leveraging teachable moments in cancer prevention by improving HPV vaccination in health professional students (HPS): A systematic review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:978843. [PMID: 36106117 PMCID: PMC9467466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.978843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionVaccination against HPV is safe and effective in cancer prevention, yet vaccination uptake remains low. Strong recommendation of HPV vaccination by healthcare providers increases immunization rates, but gaps in knowledge persist surrounding HPV and HPV vaccination amongst health professional students (HPS). It is critical to educate HPS in all professions to maximize vaccination opportunities and increase vaccine uptake. The objective of this study is to evaluate evidence on HPV knowledge, vaccine uptake, and educational interventions in HPS to identify specific deficits to improve education.MethodsA systematic literature search for articles on HPV vaccine uptake, knowledge, and educational interventions in HPS was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus from January 1, 2006 – July 21, 2021. Included studies assessed HPS for HPV vaccine uptake, knowledge, counseling comfort, or educational interventions to increase HPV vaccine knowledge. Studies were screened for inclusion by 2 independent reviewers and evaluated for risk of bias. PRISMA guidelines for reporting were followed.ResultsTwenty-one unique articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Of the studies included, 20 included knowledge, 11 included vaccine uptake, 8 included interventions, and 12 included counseling comfort. The students in the studies included medical (n=14), dental (n=7), dental hygiene (n=6), nursing (n=3), physician assistant (n=2), public health (n=1), and pharmacy (n=1). Across studies, HPV vaccine series initiation ranged from 34.6-70.3%, with 28.3-58.3% up to date on vaccination. Most students knew that HPV causes cervical cancer (99%), but fewer knew that HPV causes head and neck cancer (40-47%) and oropharyngeal cancer (45%). Educational interventions included team-based approaches and lectures, and improved outcomes including vaccine knowledge, vaccination schedule, and cancer knowledge. Medical students with lower knowledge of HPV were more hesitant to recommend vaccination at baseline but were more likely to recommend vaccination after an education session.DiscussionAcross HPS, inadequacies persist in HPV vaccine uptake, knowledge, and counseling comfort. It is critical to target vaccine uptake in this population and improve existing educational efforts to reduce preventable cancers. Institutions must prioritize HPV vaccine education to impact HPV related death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan S. Levy
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lindsey Finch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kara A. Lindsay
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Patricia Jeudin
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center/University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Marilyn Huang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center/University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Marilyn Huang,
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Dundar Y, Eldem I, Schwartz C, Pomeroy L, Cordero J, Arslan O, Levent F. Screening Awareness of HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancers and Attitudes and Concerns towards HPV Vaccination Among Parents : HPV and Oropharyngeal Cancer. J Cancer Educ 2022; 37:1152-1160. [PMID: 33411252 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01932-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Baseline population opinions on human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination must be understood before physicians can address knowledge gaps in that population and encourage timely vaccination. To determine the opinions of parents of children age 9 to 18 on HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers (OPC); the associations with education level, socioeconomic status, and having a family member/friend with OPC; and the main concerns against having a vaccination., An anonymous survey was created and administered. Parents were asked to complete the survey if they met the inclusion criteria. After the survey, results were tabulated, and the answers for each question were analyzed. The target population was surveyed in the clinic. The target population was parents with children between 9 and 18 years old: the background knowledge and awareness of HPV-related OPC and associations with education level, socioeconomic status, having a family member/friend with OPC, and concerns about vaccination. Our study results showed that the age of parents, education level, marital status, personal vaccination status, and gender of the child are significant factors for background knowledge about HPV-related diseases. Similarly, the education level, the gender of the child, and personal vaccination status are significant factors towards attitudes against having children vaccinated. There is a strong correlation between background knowledge and attitudes. The main issues about vaccination are concerns about effectiveness and side effects, concerns about safe sex experiences, and the cost of vaccination. This is the first study designed to provide information on parents' knowledge of HPV-related cancers, prevalence of HPV vaccination, and attitudes and concerns about HPV vaccination in the USA. The lack of awareness of HPV-related cancers is a significant factor in attitudes against HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Dundar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8315, Lubbock, TX, 79430-8315, USA.
| | - Irem Eldem
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Cynthia Schwartz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8315, Lubbock, TX, 79430-8315, USA
| | - Lisa Pomeroy
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Joehassin Cordero
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8315, Lubbock, TX, 79430-8315, USA
| | - Okan Arslan
- Department Educational Psychology and Leadership, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Fatma Levent
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
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Torabi SJ, Su-Velez BM, Kasle DA, Yarbrough WG, St John M, Judson BL. Assessing Human Papillomavirus Awareness and the Role of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Education on Improving Intention to Vaccinate. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:528-537. [PMID: 34383306 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The current state of the U.S. public's knowledge of the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccinations to oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is unknown. Our objective was to 1) assess the general population's knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) and willingness to vaccinate, and 2) assess whether targeted education on HPV-related OPSCC can change intentions to vaccinate. STUDY DESIGN Online cross-sectional survey. METHODS An online, cross-sectional survey utilizing U.S. census-derived quotas to represent the U.S. population was distributed and analyzed to 517 adults in 2020. RESULTS Exactly 72.7% of participants stated that they had or would vaccinate their child against HPV and were designated as "vaccinators." In multivariate regression, Black individuals were less likely to be vaccinators (OR 0.51 [95% CI 0.27-0.94]), but those who were aware of HPV's role in OPSCC were more likely to vaccinate (OR 2.56 [95% CI 1.47-4.46]). Knowledge about vaccination side-effects, eligibility, and mechanisms of HPV spread was low. Only 30.6% of the sample reported understanding the role of HPV in OPSCC. Of these, 43.0% gained this knowledge exclusively from nonhealthcare professional sources, like television. When presented with four short HPV-OPSCC-centered facts (HPV's role in OPSCC etiology, prevalence of infection, clinically silent course, and vaccine preventative effects), 54.0% of "nonvaccinators" indicated a willingness to change their minds. CONCLUSIONS General knowledge about HPV, HPV's role in OPSCC, and the vaccine remains low in the general population. There are racial disparities in willingness to vaccinate within this sample, but these may be overcome by effective education on HPV-related OPSCC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina J Torabi
- Department of Surgery (Section of Otolaryngology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A.,Depart of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, U.S.A
| | - Brooke M Su-Velez
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - David A Kasle
- Department of Surgery (Section of Otolaryngology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Wendell G Yarbrough
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Maie St John
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.,UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Benjamin L Judson
- Department of Surgery (Section of Otolaryngology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A.,Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A
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Sallam M, Dababseh D, Yaseen A, Al-Haidar A, Ettarras H, Jaafreh D, Hasan H, Al-Salahat K, Al-Fraihat E, Hassona Y, Şahin GÖ, Mahafzah A. Lack of knowledge regarding HPV and its relation to oropharyngeal cancer among medical students. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 5:e1517. [PMID: 34291614 PMCID: PMC9327668 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is an important cause of cancer‐related mortality. Early detection of OPC results in a favorable prognosis and higher survival rates. Infection by high‐risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a risk factor for OPC with an upward trend globally. Medical students' knowledge and awareness of HPV‐related OPC can be crucial in the preventive efforts. Aim To assess HPV knowledge among medical students at the University of Jordan, with particular focus on its relation to different cancers. Methods This paper‐based survey study was conducted in November 2019. The survey items were based on previously validated surveys used to evaluate HPV‐related OPC knowledge among dental students and professionals. To assess HPV knowledge and students' confidence in personal history taking and physical examination, we developed a knowledge and confidence scores that showed acceptable reliability. Results The total number of participants was 1198 students, with a median age of 21 and female predominance (n = 697, 58.2%). Among the participants, 93.3% heard of HPV prior to this survey (n = 1118). Higher levels of knowledge regarding cervical cancer, OPC and HPV vaccination was seen among clinical students compared to their preclinical counterparts, but their overall HPV knowledge was low. Only 18.4% and 21.0% of the clinical students correctly identified the association of HPV with penile and oropharyngeal cancers, respectively. Additionally, 34.5% of the clinical students were not aware of the availability of HPV vaccines. The majority of students (92.0%) reported that the university courses were their major source of knowledge about HPV. Conclusion A profound lack of knowledge regarding HPV role in OPC was found among medical students. This insufficiency included several aspects of the virus and its associated diseases. Such gaps in knowledge could have negative consequences in early detection and prevention of OPC and should be addressed by evaluation of the current curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Deema Dababseh
- School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Alaa Yaseen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayat Al-Haidar
- School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hajar Ettarras
- School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dania Jaafreh
- School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hanan Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khaled Al-Salahat
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Esraa Al-Fraihat
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan
| | - Yazan Hassona
- School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Gülşen Özkaya Şahin
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Azmi Mahafzah
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
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12
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Milecki T, Michalak M, Milecki J, Michalak M, Kadziszewski R, Kuncman Ł, Jarzemski P, Milecki P, Antczak A. Polish Medical Students' Knowledge Regarding Human Papillomavirus's Ways of Transmission, Risk of Cancer Development and Vaccination, and Their Intention to Recommend Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9070776. [PMID: 34358192 PMCID: PMC8310167 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with six types of cancer in men and women. A vaccine against HPV, preferably administered before initial sexual intercourse, has been proven to be highly effective in preventing these cancers. An effective healthcare provider recommendation has significant influence on HPV vaccine uptake; therefore, it is critical that medical students receive comprehensive training in this area. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of medical students regarding Human Papillomavirus’s (HPV) ways of transmission, risk of cancer development, and vaccination against HPV. This study also investigated factors among medical students that would affect their intention to recommend HPV vaccination to others. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 1061 (678 women and 383 men) medical students who filled in our questionnaire. The medical students were divided into two subgroups: (1) pre-clinical medical students (MS pre-clinical; first-to third-year students; n = 683) and (2) clinical medical students (MS clinical; fourth-to six-year students; n = 378). Results: A total259 (24.41%) of the 1061 medical students were vaccinated against HPV. We found a significant improvement in the general level of knowledge in the later years of education (4–6) compared to the early years of education (1–3). However, it was demonstrated that, despite medical education advancements, there are still significant gaps of knowledge about the relationship between HPV infection and cancers other than cervical cancer, as well as in relation to the routes by which HPV is transmitted. Medical students’ intentions to recommend HPV vaccine to others were related to their own HPV-related knowledge and their own vaccination status. Conclusion: Medical students have gaps of knowledge regarding particular issues and aspects of HPV. It is necessary to further educate medical students in the field of prevention and in the treatment of lesions caused by HPV infection. Medical students’ intention to recommend the HPV vaccine can be improved by including them and members of their families in the HPV vaccination program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Milecki
- Department of Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.M.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maciej Michalak
- Department of Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.M.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Jakub Milecki
- Department of Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.M.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Michał Michalak
- Department of Computer Sciences and Statistics, University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Radosław Kadziszewski
- Department of Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.M.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Łukasz Kuncman
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Jarzemski
- Department of Urology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus Univeristy in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Piotr Milecki
- Department of Electro–Radiology, University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
- Radiotherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Antczak
- Department of Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (M.M.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.A.)
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13
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Daniel CL, McLendon L, Green CL, Anderson KJ, Pierce JY, Perkins A, Beasley M. HPV and HPV Vaccination Knowledge and Attitudes Among Medical Students in Alabama. J Cancer Educ 2021; 36:168-177. [PMID: 31502236 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-019-01613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In addition to being the most common sexually transmitted infection, the human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with six types of cancer in men and women. The HPV vaccine provides long-lasting, effective protection from high-risk HPV infection, thus serving as a means of cancer prevention. An effective healthcare provider recommendation is well-established as the most significant influence on HPV vaccine uptake, and, as emerging providers, it is critical that medical students receive comprehensive training in this area. However, the type and extent of such training for current medical students in the USA is unclear. An online survey assessing HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and vaccine status was distributed to all medical students at an Alabama university. Scales were developed to assess composite HPV and HPV knowledge scores and HPV vaccination intentions. Of those age-eligible, 32.1% reported completion of the HPV vaccine series while 15.2% reported partial completion. Knowledge of both HPV and HPV vaccination significantly increased with program year (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0069, respectively); however, there were knowledge gaps across all years regarding HPV-associated cancers. Attitudes and intentions showed a similar association, with more advanced students demonstrating more positive attitudes toward HPV vaccination (p = 0.0003). There is a need within the current curriculum to include more education and training on HPV, HPV vaccination, and counseling-particularly for students in the first 2 years of their program. Implementation of a classroom module or interactive workshop would likely improve knowledge and attitudes, better preparing students for their future role as potential immunizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey L Daniel
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 North University Boulevard, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
| | - Lane McLendon
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 North University Boulevard, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Chelsea L Green
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 North University Boulevard, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Katie J Anderson
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Pierce
- University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Allen Perkins
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 North University Boulevard, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Mark Beasley
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Ryals School of Public Health, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35223, USA
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