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Antia K, Račaitė J, Šurkienė G, Winkler V. The gender gap in adolescents' emotional and behavioural problems in Georgia: a cross-sectional study using Achenbach's Youth Self Report. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:44. [PMID: 36998037 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents, particularly girls, are vulnerable to mental health disorders. Knowledge about young people's mental health in Eastern European countries is limited. This study is the first to investigate adolescents' self-reported emotional and behavioural problems in Georgia from a public mental health perspective. METHODS This study utilized Achenbach's Youth Self-Reported syndrome scales among 933 adolescents studying from grades 7-12 in 18 public schools in Georgia. We compared the gender-specific results with each other and with the Achenbach's Normative Sample using two-sample t-tests. Linear regression was used to assess associations between internalizing and externalizing problems and individual as well as demographic characteristics such as parental migration experience (being 'left-behind' or 'staying behind'). RESULTS The study found that girls obtained higher scores than boys in Youth Self-Reported empirical syndrome scales and the internalizing broadband scale. Rule-breaking behaviour was the only syndrome scale where boys scored higher. Compared to Achenbach's Normative Sample, adolescents in Georgia scored higher on all scales. Regression analyses showed that illnesses, having fewer than three close friends, problems at school, and worse relationships with peers/siblings/parents (compared to peers) were associated with higher internalizing and externalizing problems scores in both genders. Performing household chores, living with only one parent, or having a migrant parent showed no associations in either gender. CONCLUSION Emotional and behavioural difficulties of adolescents in Georgia, especially girls, require attention. Having close friends, developing strong relationships with family members, and a supportive school environment could help mitigate emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents in Georgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatia Antia
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Georgia, 77a Kostava Street, Tbilisi, 0175, Georgia.
| | - Justina Račaitė
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio str. 21, Vilnius, LT-03101, Lithuania
| | - Genė Šurkienė
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio str. 21, Vilnius, LT-03101, Lithuania
| | - Volker Winkler
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ivanova MY, Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA, Guo J, Althoff RR, Kan KJ, Almqvist F, Begovac I, Broberg AG, Chahed M, da Rocha MM, Dobrean A, Döepfner M, Erol N, Fombonne E, Fonseca AC, Forns M, Frigerio A, Grietens H, Hewitt-Ramirez N, Juarez F, Kajokienė I, Kanbayashi Y, Kim YA, Larsson B, Leung P, Liu X, Maggiolini A, Minaei A, Moreira PA, Oh KJ, Petot D, Pisa C, Pomalima R, Roussos A, Rudan V, Sawyer M, Shahini M, Ferreira de Mattos Silvares E, Simsek Z, Steinhausen HC, Szirovicza L, Valverde J, Viola L, Weintraub S, Metzke CW, Wolanczyk T, Woo B, Zhang EY, Zilber N, Žukauskienė R, Verhulst FC. Testing Syndromes of Psychopathology in Parent and Youth Ratings Across Societies. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology 2018; 48:596-609. [DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1405352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiesi Guo
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University
| | | | - Kees-Jan Kan
- College of Child Development and Education, University Amsterdam
| | | | - Ivan Begovac
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Zagreb
| | | | - Myriam Chahed
- Department of Psychology, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense
| | | | - Anca Dobrean
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babes-Bolyai University
| | - Manfred Döepfner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cologne
| | - Nese Erol
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Ankara University
| | - Eric Fombonne
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University
| | | | - Maria Forns
- Department of Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment, University of Barcelona
| | | | - Hans Grietens
- Centre for Special Needs Education & Youth Care, University of Groningen
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Larsson
- Department of Neuroscience, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
| | - Patrick Leung
- Department of Psychology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University
| | - Alfio Maggiolini
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Milano – Bicocca
| | - Asghar Minaei
- Department of Educational and Psychological Measurement, Allameh Tabataba’i University
| | - Paulo A.S. Moreira
- Instituto de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade Lusíada Norte (Porto)
| | | | - Djaouida Petot
- Department of Psychology, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense
| | - Cecilia Pisa
- Minotauro Istituto di Analisi dei Codici Affettivi
| | - Rolando Pomalima
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental Honorio Delgado Hideyo Noguchi
| | | | - Vlasta Rudan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Zagreb
| | - Michael Sawyer
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide & Research and Evaluation Unit, Women’s and Children’s Health Network
| | - Mimoza Shahini
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Kosovo
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose Valverde
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental Honorio Delgado Hideyo Noguchi
| | - Laura Viola
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Hospital de Niños, Sociedad Española
| | | | | | | | - Bernardine Woo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health Singapore
| | | | - Nelly Zilber
- Falk Institute for Mental Health Studies, Jerusalem & CRFJ (French Research Center in Jerusalem)
| | | | - Frank C. Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia’s Children’s Hospital
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