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Svitel J, Tkác J, Vostiar I, Navrátil M, Stefuca V, Bucko M, Gemeiner P. Gluconobacter in biosensors: applications of whole cells and enzymes isolated from gluconobacter and acetobacter to biosensor construction. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:2003-10. [PMID: 17072528 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-9195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Revised: 08/14/2006] [Accepted: 08/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genus Acetobacter and Gluconobacter, and enzymes isolated from them, have been extensively used for biosensor construction in the last decade. Bacteria used as a biocatalyst are easy to prepare and use in amperometric biosensors. They contain multiple enzyme activities otherwise not available commercially. The range of compounds analyzable by Gluconobacter biosensors includes: mono- and poly-alcohols, multiple aldoses and ketoses, several disaccharides, triacylglycerols, and complex parameters like utilizable saccharides or biological O2 demand. Here, the recent trends in Gluconobacter biosensors and current practical applications are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Svitel
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Abstract
An enzyme glucose sensor with an expanded dynamic range was constructed using a novel strategy. This strategy was based on a new concept of utilizing protein-engineered enzymes with a different Michaelis constant, which allows for the expanded dynamic range. We used the engineered Escherichia coli pyrroloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (PQQGDH) of which His775 was substituted for Asp which showed an increased Km value (25-fold). We first constructed the composite colorimetric analytical system employing the wild-type PQQGDH and His775Asp and evaluated its dynamic range. The composite colorimetric analytical system was constructed and showed a wide dynamic range of 0.5-30 mM with less than +/-5% error. The composite colorimetric analytical system, an extended-range colorimetric analytical system, enabled the determination of the concentration of glucose over a 30-fold range that could not have been achieved using the single colorimetric analytical system. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the composite amperometric glucose sensor employing the combination of His775Asn and His775Asp. The extended-range glucose sensor acquired not only the expanded dynamic range (3-70 mM) that covered both dynamic ranges of the single enzyme sensors but also the narrower substrate specificity of glucose due to the inherited property of engineered enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamazaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Nakamachi, Koganei, Japan
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Tessema M, Csöregi E, Ruzgas T, Kenausis G, Solomon T, Gorton L. Oligosaccharide Dehydrogenase-Modified Graphite Electrodes for the Amperometric Determination of Sugars in a Flow Injection System. Anal Chem 1997; 69:4039-44. [DOI: 10.1021/ac970127f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merid Tessema
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden, Enzyme Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Elisabeth Csöregi
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden, Enzyme Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Tautgirdas Ruzgas
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden, Enzyme Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Gregg Kenausis
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden, Enzyme Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Theodros Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden, Enzyme Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
| | - Lo Gorton
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden, Enzyme Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, LT-2600 Vilnius, Lithuania, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062
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Abstract
An enzyme electrode was constructed for amperometric determination of xylose and glucose. The electrode is based on the PQQ-dependent membrane-bound aldose dehydrogenase (ALDH) from Gluconobacter oxydans. ALDH was covalently immobilized on a graphite electrode. Immobilized dimethylferrocene, soluble ferrocene carboxylic acid and phenazine methosulphate were used as electron transfer mediators. When xylose was measured electrochemically using an electrode modified with ALDH and dimethylferrocene, the linear measurement range extended to 100 mM. For glucose measurement the linear measurement range was about one-tenth of that for xylose. The electrode showed fairly good stability; 50% of the original electrode response was still obtained after 5 days of intermittent use. The effect of possible leakage of adsorbed mediator was determined by measuring the response of an electrode with soluble mediator as a function of time. The reproducibility of the electrode was good, the standard deviation of the electrode response in ten measurements with the same electrode being only 2.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Smolander
- VIT, Biotechnical Laboratory, Espoo, Finland
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