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Ma C, Gao X, Yang Y, Bian X, Wang B, Liu X, Wang Y, Su D, Zhang G, Qu L, Zhang N. The three-dimensional culture of L929 and C2C12 cells based on SPI-SA interpenetrating network hydrogel scaffold with excellent mechanical properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1329183. [PMID: 38268933 PMCID: PMC10805864 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1329183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-cultured meat, which is obtained by adsorbing cells on the three-dimensional scaffold, is considered a potential solution to animal welfare issues. Edible and safe cell-cultured meat scaffolds are a key part of its research. Soy protein isolate (SPI) hydrogel has a three-dimensional network structure and has been studied for L929 cell culture because of its non-toxicity and biocompatibility. However, the toughness and mechanical properties of SPI hydrogel are not enough to bear the requirements of cell cultivation. In this paper, sodium alginate (SA) was added to SPI hydrogel, and the interpenetrating network (IPN) technology was used to construct SPI-SA IPN hydrogel by transglutaminase and Ca2+ double crosslinking method. SPI-SA IPN hydrogel has excellent mechanical properties, structural stability and biodegradable performance than SPI hydrogel. The bio-compatibility and degradability of L929 and C2C12 cells on SPI-SA IPN hydrogel were studied by cytotoxicity, trypan blue and living/dead cell staining, and the growth law of the hydrogel as a scaffold for cell culture was analyzed. The results showed that L929/C2C12 cells can proliferate normally and adhere in hydrogel and have good bio-compatibility. L929 cells with size about 20-50 µm have better adhesion and growth abilities on SPI-SA IPN hydrogel than C2C12 cells with 100-300 µm. Therefore, the SPI-SA IPN hydrogel is non-toxic and supports the growth of cells in the pores of the material. This study provides a reference for the application of SPI-SA IPN hydrogels in vitro cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmin Ma
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinru Gao
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Bian
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dan Su
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lizhe Qu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Wu J, Kang K, Liu S, Ma Y, Yu M, Zhao X. Recent Progress of In Vitro 3D Culture of Male Germ Stem Cells. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:543. [PMID: 37998112 PMCID: PMC10672244 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14110543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Male germline stem cells (mGSCs), also known as spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), are the fundamental seed cells of male animal reproductive physiology. However, environmental influences, drugs, and harmful substances often pose challenges to SSCs, such as population reduction and quality decline. With advancements in bioengineering technology and biomaterial technology, an increasing number of novel cell culture methods and techniques have been employed for studying the proliferation and differentiation of SSCs in vitro. This paper provides a review on recent progress in 3D culture techniques for SSCs in vitro; we summarize the microenvironment of SSCs and spermatocyte development, with a focus on scaffold-based culture methods and 3D printing cell culture techniques for SSCs. Additionally, decellularized testicular matrix (DTM) and other biological substrates are utilized through various combinations and approaches to construct an in vitro culture microenvironment suitable for SSC growth. Finally, we present some perspectives on current research trends and potential opportunities within three areas: the 3D printing niche environment, alternative options to DTM utilization, and advancement of the in vitro SSC culture technology system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- Coastal Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Kai Kang
- Coastal Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Siqi Liu
- Coastal Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Yaodan Ma
- Coastal Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Meng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Blanco-Elices C, Oruezabal RI, Sánchez-Porras D, Chato-Astrain J, Campos F, Alaminos M, Garzón I, Campos A. A novel 3D biofabrication strategy to improve cell proliferation and differentiation of human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1235161. [PMID: 37636000 PMCID: PMC10448765 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1235161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Obtaining sufficient numbers of cells in a short time is a major goal of cell culturing in cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, current bidimensional (2D) culture methods are associated to several limitations, including low efficiency and the loss of key cell differentiation markers on cultured cells. Methods: In the present work, we have designed a novel biofabrication method based on a three-dimensional (3D) culture system (FIBRIAGAR-3D). Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (HWJSC) were cultured in 3D using 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% concentrations of fibrin-agarose biomaterials (FA100, FA75, FA50 and FA25 group) and compared with control cells cultured using classical 2D systems (CTR-2D). Results: Our results showed a significant increase in the number of cells generated after 7 days of culture, with cells displaying numerous expansions towards the biomaterial, and a significant overexpression of the cell proliferation marker KI67 was found for the FA75 and FA100 groups. TUNEL and qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that the use of FIBRIAGAR-3D was not associated with an induction of apoptosis by cultured cells. Instead, the 3D system retained the expression of typical phenotypic markers of HWJSC, including CD73, CD90, CD105, NANOG and OCT4, and biosynthesis markers such as types-I and IV collagens, with significant increase of some of these markers, especially in the FA100 group. Finally, our analysis of 8 cell signaling molecules revealed a significant decrease of GM-CSF, IFN-g, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, and TNFα, suggesting that the 3D culture system did not induce the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules. Conclusion: These results confirm the usefulness of FIBRIAGAR-3D culture systems to increase cell proliferation without altering cell phenotype of immunogenicity and opens the door to the possibility of using this novel biofabrication method in cell therapy and tissue engineering of the human cornea, oral mucosa, skin, urethra, among other structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Blanco-Elices
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | | | - David Sánchez-Porras
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Chato-Astrain
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Campos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Ingrid Garzón
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Campos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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Sanz-Horta R, Matesanz A, Gallardo A, Reinecke H, Jorcano JL, Acedo P, Velasco D, Elvira C. Technological advances in fibrin for tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231190288. [PMID: 37588339 PMCID: PMC10426312 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231190288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrin is a promising natural polymer that is widely used for diverse applications, such as hemostatic glue, carrier for drug and cell delivery, and matrix for tissue engineering. Despite the significant advances in the use of fibrin for bioengineering and biomedical applications, some of its characteristics must be improved for suitability for general use. For example, fibrin hydrogels tend to shrink and degrade quickly after polymerization, particularly when they contain embedded cells. In addition, their poor mechanical properties and batch-to-batch variability affect their handling, long-term stability, standardization, and reliability. One of the most widely used approaches to improve their properties has been modification of the structure and composition of fibrin hydrogels. In this review, recent advances in composite fibrin scaffolds, chemically modified fibrin hydrogels, interpenetrated polymer network (IPN) hydrogels composed of fibrin and other synthetic or natural polymers are critically reviewed, focusing on their use for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Sanz-Horta
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Matesanz
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Reinecke
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Jorcano
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Acedo
- Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Velasco
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Elvira
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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