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Tian Y, Tian D, Peng X, Qiu H. Critical parameters to standardize the size and concentration determination of nanomaterials by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124097. [PMID: 38609058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The size and concentration are critical for the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of nanomaterials but the accurate measurement remains challenging. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) is widely used for size and concentration determination. However, highly repeatable standard operating procedures (SOPs) are absent. We adopted the "search-evaluate-test" strategy to standardize the measurement by searching the critical parameters. The particles per frame are linearly proportional to the sample concentration and the measured results are more accurate and repeatable when the concentration is 108-109 particles/ml. The optimal detection threshold is around 5. The optimal camera level is such that it allows clear observation of particles without diffractive rings and overexposure. The optimal speed is ≤ 50 in AU and ∼ 10 μl/min in flow rate. We then evaluated the protocol using polydisperse polystyrene particles and we found that NTA could discriminate particles in bimodal mixtures with high size resolution but the performance on multimodal mixtures is not as good as that of resistive pulse sensing (RPS). We further analyzed the polystyrene particles, SiO2 particles, and biological samples by NTA following the SOPs. The size and concentration measured by NTA differentially varies to those determined by RPS and transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxi Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 City Avenue Songshan Lake Sci. &Tech. Industry Park, Dongguan 523808, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Carbohydrate-based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dong Tian
- Carbohydrate-based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 City Avenue Songshan Lake Sci. &Tech. Industry Park, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Hong Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Carbohydrate-based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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2
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Duan H, Zhang E, Ren G, Cheng Y, Yang B, Liu L, Jolicoeur N, Hu H, Xu Y, Liu B. Exploring immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 variants using a pseudotyped system. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29939. [PMID: 38699727 PMCID: PMC11063423 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the United States, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases have consistently been linked to the prevailing variant XBB.1.5 of SARS-CoV-2 since late 2022. A system has been developed for producing and infecting cells with a pseudovirus (PsV) of SARS-CoV-2 to investigate the infection in a Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) laboratory. This system utilizes a lentiviral vector carrying ZsGreen1 and Firefly luciferase (Fluc) dual reporter genes, facilitating the analysis of experimental results. In addition, we have created a panel of PsV variants that depict both previous and presently circulating mutations found in circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains. A series of PsVs includes the prototype SARS-CoV-2, Delta B.1.617.2, BA.5, XBB.1, and XBB.1.5. To facilitate the study of infections caused by different variants of SARS-CoV-2 PsV, we have developed a HEK-293T cell line expressing mCherry and human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). To validate whether different SARS-CoV-2 PsV variants can be used for neutralization assays, we employed serum from rats immunized with the PF-D-Trimer protein vaccine to investigate its inhibitory effect on the infectivity of various SARS-CoV-2 PsV variants. According to our observations, the XBB variant, particularly XBB.1.5, exhibits stronger immune evasion capabilities than the prototype SARS-CoV-2, Delta B.1.617.2, and BA.5 PsV variants. Hence, utilizing the neutralization test, this study has the capability to forecast the effectiveness in preventing future SARS-CoV-2 variants infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Duan
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ershuai Zhang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge Ren
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yining Cheng
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Binfeng Yang
- Wuhan Binhui Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Wuhan Binhui Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | | | - Han Hu
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Wuhan Binhui Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Binlei Liu
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Binhui Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
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Yao C, Zhang H, Wang C. Recent advances in therapeutic engineered extracellular vesicles. Nanoscale 2024; 16:7825-7840. [PMID: 38533676 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05470e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural particles secreted by living cells, which hold significant potential for various therapeutic applications. Native EVs have specific components and structures, allowing them to cross biological barriers, and circulate in vivo for a long time. Native EVs have also been bioengineered to enhance their therapeutic efficacy and targeting affinity. Recently, the therapeutic potential of surface-engineered EVs has been explored in the treatment of tumors, autoimmune diseases, infections and other diseases by ongoing research and clinical trials. In this review, we will introduce the modified methods of engineered EVs, summarize the application of engineered EVs in preclinical and clinical trials, and discuss the opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of surface-engineered EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yao
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Wang H, Luo S, Xie M, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Xie Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yang L, Wu F, Chen X, Du G, Zhao J, Sun X. ACE2 Receptor-Targeted Inhaled Nanoemulsions Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and Attenuate Inflammatory Responses. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2311537. [PMID: 38174591 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Three kinds of coronaviruses are highly pathogenic to humans, and two of them mainly infect humans through Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)receptors. Therefore, specifically blocking ACE2 binding at the interface with the receptor-binding domain is promising to achieve both preventive and therapeutic effects of coronaviruses. Alternatively, drug-targeted delivery based on ACE2 receptors can further improve the efficacy and safety of inhalation drugs. Here, these two approaches are innovatively combined by designing a nanoemulsion (NE) drug delivery system (termed NE-AYQ) for inhalation that targets binding to ACE2 receptors. This inhalation-delivered remdesivir nanoemulsion (termed RDSV-NE-AYQ) effectively inhibits the infection of target cells by both wild-type and mutant viruses. The RDSV-NE-AYQ strongly inhibits Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at two dimensions: they not only block the binding of the virus to host cells at the cell surface but also restrict virus replication intracellularly. Furthermore, in the mouse model of acute lung injury, the inhaled drug delivery system loaded with anti-inflammatory drugs (TPCA-1-NE-AYQ) can significantly alleviate the lung tissue injury of mice. This smart combination provides a new choice for dealing with possible emergencies in the future and for the rapid development of inhaled drugs for the treatment of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Mingxin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Yunming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yongshun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Fuhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Guangsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jincun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, P. R. China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Wang H, Wu T, Gao X, Shang Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Li Y. A SARS-CoV-2 Nanobody Displayed on the Surface of Human Ferritin with High Neutralization Activity. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2429-2440. [PMID: 38476285 PMCID: PMC10929646 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s450829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose COVID-19 is rampant throughout the world, which has caused great damage to human lives and seriously hindered the development of the global economy. Aiming at the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, in this study, we proposed a novel fenobody strategy based on ferritin (Fe) self-assembly technology. Methods The neutralizing nanobody H11-D4 of SARS-CoV-2 fused to the C-terminus of end-modified human ferritin was expressed in E. coli and silkworm baculovirus expression systems. A large number of nanoparticles were successfully self-assembled in silkworms, while relatively few nanoparticles can be observed in the treated products from E. coli by electron microscopy. Subsequently, the fenobody's expression level and neutralizing activity were then evaluated. Results The results showed that the IC50 of H11-D4 and fenobody Fe-H11-D4 expressed in E. coli were 171.1 nmol L-1 and 20.87 nmol L-1, respectively. However, the IC50 of Fe-HD11-D4 expressed in silkworms was 1.46 nmol L-1 showing better neutralization activity. Conclusion Therefore, fenobodies can be well self-assembled in silkworm baculovirus expression system, and ferritin self-assembly technology can effectively improve nanobody neutralization activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haining Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xintao Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingjian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinü Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Cummings SE, Delaney SP, St-Denis Bissonnette F, Stalker A, Muradia G, Mehic J, Graber TE, Alain T, Lavoie JR. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-carrying extracellular vesicles activate T cell responses in a human immunogenicity model. iScience 2024; 27:108708. [PMID: 38226155 PMCID: PMC10788222 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are entering the clinical arena as novel biologics for infectious diseases, potentially serving as the immunogenic components of next generation vaccines. However, relevant human assays to evaluate the immunogenicity of EVs carrying viral antigens are lacking, contributing to challenges in translating rodent studies to human clinical trials. Here, we engineered EVs to carry SARS-CoV-2 Spike to evaluate the immunogenicity of antigen-carrying EVs using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Delivery of Spike EVs to PBMCs resulted in specific immune cell activation as assessed through T cell activation marker expression. Further, Spike EVs were taken up largely by antigen-presenting cells (monocytes, dendritic cells and B cells). Taken together, this human PBMC-based system models physiologically relevant pathways of antigen delivery, uptake and presentation. In summary, the current study highlights the suitability of using human PBMCs for evaluating the immunogenicity of EVs engineered to carry antigens for infectious disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Cummings
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sean P. Delaney
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Frederic St-Denis Bissonnette
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Andrew Stalker
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gauri Muradia
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jelica Mehic
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tyson E. Graber
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Tommy Alain
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Jessie R. Lavoie
- Centre for Oncology, Radiopharmaceuticals and Research, Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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Thimmiraju SR, Kimata JT, Pollet J. Pseudoviruses, a safer toolbox for vaccine development against enveloped viruses. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:174-185. [PMID: 38164690 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2299380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pseudoviruses are recombinant, replication-incompetent, viral particles designed to mimic the surface characteristics of native enveloped viruses. They are a safer, and cost-effective research alternative to live viruses. With the potential emergence of the next major infectious disease, more vaccine scientists must become familiar with the pseudovirus platform as a vaccine development tool to mitigate future outbreaks. AREAS COVERED This review aims at vaccine developers to provide a basic understanding of pseudoviruses, list their production methods, and discuss their utility to assess vaccine efficacy against enveloped viral pathogens. We further illustrate their usefulness as wet-lab simulators for emerging mutant variants, and new viruses to help prepare for current and future viral outbreaks, minimizing the need for gain-of-function experiments with highly infectious or lethal enveloped viruses. EXPERT OPINION With this platform, researchers can better understand the role of virus-receptor interactions and entry in infections, prepare for dangerous mutations, and develop effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamala R Thimmiraju
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason T Kimata
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeroen Pollet
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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8
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu Z. Nanomedicine approaches against SARS-CoV-2 and variants. J Control Release 2024; 365:101-111. [PMID: 37951476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The world is grappling with the ongoing crisis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic that continues to have a detrimental impact on public health and economies worldwide. The virus's relentless mutation has led to more transmissible, immune-evasive strains, thereby escalating the incidence of reinfection. This underscores the urgent need for highly effective and safe countermeasures against SARS-CoV-2 and its evolving variants. In the current context, nanomedicine presents an innovative and promising alternative to mitigate the impacts of this pandemic wave. It does so by harnessing the structural and functional properties at a nanoscale in a straightforward and adaptable manner. This review emphasizes the most recent progress in the development of nanovaccines, nanodecoys, and nanodisinfectants to tackle SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Notably, the insights gained and strategies implemented in managing the ongoing pandemic may also offer invaluable guidance for the development of potent nanomedicines to combat future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yanbin Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Nair S, Nova-Lamperti E, Labarca G, Kulasinghe A, Short KR, Carrión F, Salomon C. Genomic communication via circulating extracellular vesicles and long-term health consequences of COVID-19. J Transl Med 2023; 21:709. [PMID: 37817137 PMCID: PMC10563316 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 continues to affect an unprecedented number of people with the emergence of new variants posing a serious challenge to global health. There is an expansion of knowledge in understanding the pathogenesis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the impact of the acute disease on multiple organs. In addition, growing evidence reports that the impact of COVID-19 on different organs persists long after the recovery phase of the disease, leading to long-term consequences of COVID-19. These long-term consequences involve pulmonary as well as extra-pulmonary sequelae of the disease. Noteably, recent research has shown a potential association between COVID-19 and change in the molecular cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are vesicles released by cells and play an important role in cell communication by transfer of bioactive molecules between cells. Emerging evidence shows a strong link between EVs and their molecular cargo, and regulation of metabolism in health and disease. This review focuses on current knowledge about EVs and their potential role in COVID-19 pathogenesis, their current and future implications as tools for biomarker and therapeutic development and their possible effects on long-term impact of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Estefania Nova-Lamperti
- Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Labarca
- Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4102, Australia
| | - Kirsty R Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Flavio Carrión
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia.
- Departamento de Investigación, Postgrado y Educación Continua (DIPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Santiago, Chile.
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10
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Pirisinu M. The Long Journey of Extracellular Vesicles towards Global Scientific Acclamation. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:489-501. [PMID: 37646064 PMCID: PMC10460810 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous class of cell-derived vesicles that are responsible for eliciting a wide array of biological processes. After decades of intense investigation, the therapeutic potential of EVs will be finally explored in a series of upcoming clinical trials. EVs are rapidly changing the understanding of human physiology and will undoubtedly transform the field of medicine. The applicability of EVs as diagnostic biomarkers and treatment vectors has captured the attention of the scientific community and investors, facilitating the rapid progression of numerous EVs-based platforms. This mini-review provides an outline of the pioneering discoveries, and their respective significances, on progressing EVs toward clinical use. We focus the attention of the readers on several promising classes of EVs that hold major opportunities to translate in clinical practice. Market analysis and future challenges facing EVs-based therapies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pirisinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Jotbody HK Limited, New Territories, Hong Kong
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11
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Li C, Wang C, Xie HY, Huang L. Cell-Based Biomaterials for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Prevention and Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300404. [PMID: 36977465 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to threaten human health, economic development, and national security. Although many vaccines and drugs have been explored to fight against the major pandemic, their efficacy and safety still need to be improved. Cell-based biomaterials, especially living cells, extracellular vesicles, and cell membranes, offer great potential in preventing and treating COVID-19 owing to their versatility and unique biological functions. In this review, the characteristics and functions of cell-based biomaterials and their biological applications in COVID-19 prevention and therapy are described. First the pathological features of COVID-19 are summarized, providing enlightenment on how to fight against COVID-19. Next, the classification, organization structure, characteristics, and functions of cell-based biomaterials are focused on. Finally, the progress of cell-based biomaterials in overcoming COVID-19 in different aspects, including the prevention of viral infection, inhibition of viral proliferation, anti-inflammation, tissue repair, and alleviation of lymphopenia are comprehensively described. At the end of this review, a look forward to the challenges of this aspect is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Xie
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Lili Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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12
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Dong T, Wang M, Liu J, Ma P, Pang S, Liu W, Liu A. Diagnostics and analysis of SARS-CoV-2: current status, recent advances, challenges and perspectives. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6149-6206. [PMID: 37325147 PMCID: PMC10266450 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06665c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The disastrous spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has induced severe public healthcare issues and weakened the global economy significantly. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection is not as fatal as the initial outbreak, many infected victims suffer from long COVID. Therefore, rapid and large-scale testing is critical in managing patients and alleviating its transmission. Herein, we review the recent advances in techniques to detect SARS-CoV-2. The sensing principles are detailed together with their application domains and analytical performances. In addition, the advantages and limits of each method are discussed and analyzed. Besides molecular diagnostics and antigen and antibody tests, we also review neutralizing antibodies and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Further, the characteristics of the mutational locations in the different variants with epidemiological features are summarized. Finally, the challenges and possible strategies are prospected to develop new assays to meet different diagnostic needs. Thus, this comprehensive and systematic review of SARS-CoV-2 detection technologies may provide insightful guidance and direction for developing tools for the diagnosis and analysis of SARS-CoV-2 to support public healthcare and effective long-term pandemic management and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
- School of Pharmacy, Medical College, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Junchong Liu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Pengxin Ma
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Shuang Pang
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Wanjian Liu
- Qingdao Hightop Biotech Co., Ltd 369 Hedong Road, Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone Qingdao 266112 China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 China
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13
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Tu B, Gao Y, An X, Wang H, Huang Y. Localized delivery of nanomedicine and antibodies for combating COVID-19. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1828-1846. [PMID: 36168329 PMCID: PMC9502448 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been a major health burden in the world. So far, many strategies have been investigated to control the spread of COVID-19, including social distancing, disinfection protocols, vaccines, and antiviral treatments. Despite the significant achievement, due to the constantly emerging new variants, COVID-19 is still a great challenge to the global healthcare system. It is an urgent demand for the development of new therapeutics and technologies for containing the wild spread of SARS-CoV-2. Inhaled administration is useful for the treatment of lung and respiratory diseases, and enables the drugs to reach the site of action directly with benefits of decreased dose, improved safety, and enhanced patient compliance. Nanotechnology has been extensively applied in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. In this review, the inhaled nanomedicines and antibodies, as well as intranasal nanodrugs, for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinran An
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
- Taizhou University, School of Advanced Study, Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Product, Taizhou 318000, China
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14
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Hernández-Díazcouder A, Díaz-Godínez C, Carrero JC. Extracellular vesicles in COVID-19 prognosis, treatment, and vaccination: an update. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2131-2141. [PMID: 36917275 PMCID: PMC10012322 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The lethality of the COVID 19 pandemic became the trigger for one of the most meteoric races on record in the search for strategies of disease control. Those include development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic methods, therapies to treat severe cases, and development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the latter responsible for the current relative control of the disease. However, the commercially available vaccines are still far from conferring protection against acquiring the infection, so the development of more efficient vaccines that can cut the transmission of the variants of concerns that currently predominate and those that will emerge is a prevailing need. On the other hand, considering that COVID 19 is here to stay, the development of new diagnosis and treatment strategies is also desirable. In this sense, there has recently been a great interest in taking advantage of the benefits offered by extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane structures of nanoscale size that carry information between cells participating in this manner in many physiological homeostatic and pathological processes. The interest has been focused on the fact that EVs are relatively easy to obtain and manipulate, allowing the design of natural nanocarriers that deliver molecules of interest, as well as the information about the pathogens, which can be exploited for the aforementioned purposes. Studies have shown that infection with SARS-CoV-2 induces the release of EVs from different sources, including platelets, and that their increase in blood, as well as some of their markers, could be used as a prognosis of disease severity. Likewise, EVs from different sources are being used as the ideal carriers for delivering active molecules and drugs to treat the disease, as well as vaccine antigens. In this review, we describe the progress that has been made in these three years of pandemic regarding the use of EVs for diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection. KEY POINTS: • Covid-19 still requires more effective and specific treatments and vaccines. • The use of extracellular vesicles is emerging as an option with multiple advantages. • Association of EVs with COVID 19 and engineered EVs for its control are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de México (UNITEC), Estado de México, Los Reyes, México
| | - César Díaz-Godínez
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de México (UNITEC), Estado de México, Los Reyes, México
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio César Carrero
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
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15
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Zhang H, Lv P, Jiang J, Liu Y, Yan R, Shu S, Hu B, Xiao H, Cai K, Yuan S, Li Y. Advances in developing ACE2 derivatives against SARS-CoV-2. Lancet Microbe 2023; 4:e369-e378. [PMID: 36934742 PMCID: PMC10019897 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Extensive immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 rendered therapeutic antibodies ineffective in the COVID-19 pandemic. Propagating SARS-CoV-2 variants are characterised by immune evasion capacity through key amino acid mutations, but can still bind human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) through the spike protein and are, thus, sensitive to ACE2-mimicking decoys as inhibitors. In this Review, we examine advances in the development of ACE2 derivatives from the past 3 years, including the recombinant ACE2 proteins, ACE2-loaded extracellular vesicles, ACE2-mimicking antibodies, and peptide or mini-protein mimetics of ACE2. Several ACE2 derivatives are granted potent neutralisation efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants that rival or surpass endogenous antibodies by various auxiliary techniques such as chemical modification and practical recombinant design. The derivatives also represent enhanced production efficiency and improved bioavailability. In addition to these derivatives of ACE2, new effective therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 variants are expected to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Panjing Lv
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingrui Jiang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruixi Yan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sainan Shu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Cai
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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16
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Wen Y, Zhang RY, Wang J, Zhou SH, Peng XQ, Ding D, Zhang ZM, Wei HW, Guo J. Novel sialoglycan linkage for constructing adjuvant-protein conjugate as potent vaccine for COVID-19. J Control Release 2023; 355:238-247. [PMID: 36716860 PMCID: PMC9907060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-adjuvanting protein vaccines have been proved to be highly immunogenic with efficient codelivery of adjuvant and antigen. Current protein vaccines with built-in adjuvants are all modified at the peptide backbone of antigen protein, which could not achieve minor epitope interference and adjuvant multivalency at the same time. Herein, we developed a new conjugate strategy to construct effective adjuvant-protein vaccine with adjuvant cluster effect and minimal epitope interference. The toll-like receptor 7 agonist (TLR7a) is covalently conjugated on the terminal sialoglycans of SARS-CoV-2-S1 protein, leading to intracellular release of the small-molecule stimulators with greatly reduced risks of systemic toxicity. The resulting TLR7a-S1 conjugate elicited strong activation of immune cells in vitro, and potent antibody and cellular responses with a significantly enhanced Th1-bias in vivo. TLR7a-S1-induced antibody also effectively cross-neutralized all variants of concern. This sialoglycoconjugation approach to construct protein conjugate vaccines will have more applications to combat SARS-CoV-2 and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ru-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shi-Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hua-Wei Wei
- Jiangsu East-Mab Biomedical Technology Co. Ltd, Nantong 226499, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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17
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Ma X, Liu B, Fan L, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Ren T, Li Y, Li Y. Native and engineered exosomes for inflammatory disease. Nano Res 2022; 16:6991-7006. [PMID: 36591564 PMCID: PMC9793369 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which carry specific molecular information from donor cells and act as an intercellular communication vehicle, which have emerged as a novel cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases including inflammatory disease. Recently, rising studies have developed exosome-based strategies for novel inflammation therapy due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity. Researchers not only use native exosomes as therapeutic agents for inflammation, but also strive to make up for the natural defects of exosomes through engineering methods to improve and update the property of exosomes for enhanced therapeutic effects. The engineered exosomes can improve cargo-loading efficiency, targeting ability, stability, etc., to achieve combined and diverse treatment strategies in inflammation diseases. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in application studies of native and engineered exosomes as well as the engineered methods is provided. Meanwhile, potential application prospects, possible challenges, and the development of clinical researches of exosome treatment strategy are concluded from plentiful examples, which may be able to provide guidance and suggestions for the future research and application of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Limin Fan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yuge Zhao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Tianbin Ren
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yongyong Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
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18
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Chen X, Li H, Song H, Wang J, Zhang X, Han P, Wang X. Meet changes with constancy: Defence, antagonism, recovery, and immunity roles of extracellular vesicles in confronting SARS-CoV-2. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12288. [PMID: 36450704 PMCID: PMC9712136 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has wrought havoc on the world economy and people's daily lives. The inability to comprehensively control COVID-19 is due to the difficulty of early and timely diagnosis, the lack of effective therapeutic drugs, and the limited effectiveness of vaccines. The body contains billions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which have shown remarkable potential in disease diagnosis, drug development, and vaccine carriers. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that EVs may participate or assist the body in defence, antagonism, recovery and acquired immunity against SARS-CoV-2. On the one hand, intercepting and decrypting the general intelligence carried in circulating EVs from COVID-19 patients will provide an important hint for diagnosis and treatment; on the other hand, engineered EVs modified by gene editing in the laboratory will amplify the effectiveness of inhibiting infection, replication and destruction of ever-mutating SARS-CoV-2, facilitating tissue repair and making a better vaccine. To comprehensively understand the interaction between EVs and SARS-CoV-2, providing new insights to overcome some difficulties in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of COVID-19, we conducted a rounded review in this area. We also explain numerous critical challenges that these tactics face before they enter the clinic, and this work will provide previous 'meet change with constancy' lessons for responding to future similar public health disasters. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a 'meet changes with constancy' strategy to combat SARS-CoV-2 that spans defence, antagonism, recovery, and acquired immunity. Targets for COVID-19 diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of progression may be found by capture of the message decoding in circulating EVs. Engineered and biomimetic EVs can boost effects of the natural EVs, especially anti-SARS-CoV-2, targeted repair of damaged tissue, and improvement of vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Chen
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of StomatologyTaiyuanChina
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New MaterialsTaiyuanChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of StomatologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Huifei Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of StomatologyTaiyuanChina
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New MaterialsTaiyuanChina
| | - Haoyue Song
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of StomatologyTaiyuanChina
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New MaterialsTaiyuanChina
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of StomatologyTaiyuanChina
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New MaterialsTaiyuanChina
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of StomatologyTaiyuanChina
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New MaterialsTaiyuanChina
| | - Pengcheng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of MedicineZhongda Hospital, Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of StomatologyTaiyuanChina
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New MaterialsTaiyuanChina
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19
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Tey SK, Yam JWP. The importance of activated TMPRSS2 in the proviral role of small extracellular vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12296. [PMID: 36541555 PMCID: PMC9769082 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sze Keong Tey
- Department of SurgerySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of PathologySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
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20
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Obeng EM, Fianu I, Danquah MK. Multivalent ACE2 engineering-A promising pathway for advanced coronavirus nanomedicine development. Nano Today 2022; 46:101580. [PMID: 35942040 PMCID: PMC9350675 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The spread of coronavirus diseases has resulted in a clarion call to develop potent drugs and vaccines even as different strains appear beyond human prediction. An initial step that is integral to the viral entry into host cells results from an active-targeted interaction of the viral spike (S) proteins and the cell surface receptor, called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Thus, engineered ACE2 has been an interesting decoy inhibitor against emerging coronavirus infestation. This article discusses promising innovative ACE2 engineering pathways for current and emerging coronavirus therapeutic development. First, we provide a brief discussion of some ACE2-associated human coronaviruses and their cell invasion mechanism. Then, we describe and contrast the individual spike proteins and ACE2 receptor interactions, highlighting crucial hotspots across the ACE2-associated coronaviruses. Lastly, we address the importance of multivalency in ACE2 nanomedicine engineering and discuss novel approaches to develop and achieve multivalent therapeutic outcomes. Beyond coronaviruses, these approaches will serve as a paradigm to develop new and improved treatment technologies against pathogens that use ACE2 receptor for invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene M Obeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Isaac Fianu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael K Danquah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, United States
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21
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Zhang E, Phan P, Zhao Z. Cellular nanovesicles for therapeutic immunomodulation: A perspective on engineering strategies and new advances. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1789-1827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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22
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Tey SK, Lam H, Wong SWK, Zhao H, To KKW, Yam JWP. ACE2-enriched extracellular vesicles enhance infectivity of live SARS-CoV-2 virus. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12231. [PMID: 35582880 PMCID: PMC9115585 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sze Keong Tey
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China.,School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hoiyan Lam
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Samuel Wan Ki Wong
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelvin Kai-Wang To
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Pokfulam, People's Republic of China
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23
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Gunnels TF, Stranford DM, Mitrut RE, Kamat NP, Leonard JN. Elucidating Design Principles for Engineering Cell-Derived Vesicles to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Small 2022; 18:e2200125. [PMID: 35388947 PMCID: PMC9106922 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability of pathogens to develop drug resistance is a global health challenge. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents an urgent need wherein several variants of concern resist neutralization by monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies and vaccine-induced sera. Decoy nanoparticles-cell-mimicking particles that bind and inhibit virions-are an emerging class of therapeutics that may overcome such drug resistance challenges. To date, quantitative understanding as to how design features impact performance of these therapeutics is lacking. To address this gap, this study presents a systematic, comparative evaluation of various biologically derived nanoscale vesicles, which may be particularly well suited to sustained or repeated administration in the clinic due to low toxicity, and investigates their potential to inhibit multiple classes of model SARS-CoV-2 virions. A key finding is that such particles exhibit potent antiviral efficacy across multiple manufacturing methods, vesicle subclasses, and virus-decoy binding affinities. In addition, these cell-mimicking vesicles effectively inhibit model SARS-CoV-2 variants that evade mAbs and recombinant protein-based decoy inhibitors. This study provides a foundation of knowledge that may guide the design of decoy nanoparticle inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor F. Gunnels
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Center for Synthetic BiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Devin M. Stranford
- Center for Synthetic BiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Roxana E. Mitrut
- Center for Synthetic BiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Neha P. Kamat
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Center for Synthetic BiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
| | - Joshua N. Leonard
- Center for Synthetic BiologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA
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24
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Tu B, Wang H, An X, Qu J, Li Q, Gao Y, Shi M, Qiu H, Huang Y. Inhaled heparin polysaccharide nanodecoy against SARS-CoV-2 and variants. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3187-3194. [PMID: 35169535 PMCID: PMC8830937 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The heparin polysaccharide nanoparticles block the interaction between heparan sulfate/S protein and inhibit the infection of both wild-type SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and the mutated strains through pulmonary delivery.Image 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 20231981.
| | - Xinran An
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jingkun Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Nanchang University College of Pharmacy, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingjie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528437, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
- Taizhou University, School of Advanced Study, Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Product, Taizhou 318000, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 20231981.
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25
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Gunnels TF, Stranford DM, Mitrut RE, Kamat NP, Leonard JN. Elucidating design principles for engineering cell-derived vesicles to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection. bioRxiv 2021:2021.12.04.471153. [PMID: 34909773 PMCID: PMC8669840 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.04.471153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ability of pathogens to develop drug resistance is a global health challenge. The SARS-CoV-2 virus presents an urgent need wherein several variants of concern resist neutralization by monoclonal antibody therapies and vaccine-induced sera. Decoy nanoparticles-cell-mimicking particles that bind and inhibit virions-are an emerging class of therapeutics that may overcome such drug resistance challenges. To date, we lack quantitative understanding as to how design features impact performance of these therapeutics. To address this gap, here we perform a systematic, comparative evaluation of various biologically-derived nanoscale vesicles, which may be particularly well-suited to sustained or repeated administration in the clinic due to low toxicity, and investigate their potential to inhibit multiple classes of model SARS-CoV-2 virions. A key finding is that such particles exhibit potent antiviral efficacy across multiple manufacturing methods, vesicle subclasses, and virus-decoy binding affinities. In addition, these cell-mimicking vesicles effectively inhibit model SARS-CoV-2 variants that evade monoclonal antibodies and recombinant protein-based decoy inhibitors. This study provides a foundation of knowledge that may guide the design of decoy nanoparticle inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor F. Gunnels
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Devin M. Stranford
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Roxana E. Mitrut
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Neha P. Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Joshua N. Leonard
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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