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Uslu C, Kapan E, Lyakhovich A. Cancer resistance and metastasis are maintained through oxidative phosphorylation. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216705. [PMID: 38373691 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Malignant tumors have increased energy requirements due to growth, differentiation or response to stress. A significant number of studies in recent years have described upregulation of mitochondrial genes responsible for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in some tumors. Although OXPHOS is replaced by glycolysis in some tumors (Warburg effect), both processes can occur simultaneously during the evolution of the same malignancies. In particular, chemoresistant and/or cancer stem cells appear to find a way to activate OXPHOS and metastasize. In this paper, we discuss recent work showing upregulation of OXPHOS in chemoresistant tumors and cell models. In addition, we show an inverse correlation of OXPHOS gene expression with the survival time of cancer patients after chemotherapy and discuss combination therapies for resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Uslu
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey
| | - Eda Kapan
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey.
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Szeőcs D, Vida B, Petővári G, Póliska S, Janka E, Sipos A, Uray K, Sebestyén A, Krasznai Z, Bai P. Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients induces Warburg metabolism and cell proliferation through TGFβ-ERK signaling. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-023-01056-1. [PMID: 38196068 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascites plays a key role in supporting the metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells. Shear stress and carry-over of cancer cells by ascites flow support carcinogenesis and metastasis formation. In addition, soluble factors may participate in the procarcinogenic effects of ascites in ovarian cancer. This study aimed to determine the biological effects of cell-free ascites on carcinogenesis in ovarian cancer cells. Cell-free ascites from ovarian cancer patients (ASC) non-selectively induced cell proliferation in multiple models of ovarian cancer and untransformed primary human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, ASC induced a Warburg-type rearrangement of cellular metabolism in A2780 ovarian cancer cells characterized by increases in cellular oxygen consumption and glycolytic flux; increases in glycolytic flux were dominant. ASC induced mitochondrial uncoupling and fundamentally reduced fatty acid oxidation. Ascites-elicited effects were uniform among ascites specimens. ASC-elicited transcriptomic changes in A2780 ovarian cancer cells included induction of the TGFβ-ERK/MEK pathway, which plays a key role in inducing cell proliferation and oncometabolism. ASC-induced gene expression changes, as well as the overexpression of members of the TGFβ signaling system, were associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer patients. We provided evidence that the activation of the autocrine/paracrine of TGFβ signaling system may be present in bladder urothelial carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Database analysis suggests that the TGFβ system may feed forward bladder urothelial carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Soluble components of ASC support the progression of ovarian cancer. These results suggest that reducing ascites production may play an essential role in the treatment of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the progression and reducing the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Szeőcs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beáta Vida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Gábor Petővári
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Eszter Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anna Sebestyén
- Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoárd Krasznai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary.
- HUN-REN-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, 4032.
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Pal A, Lin CT, Boykov I, Benson E, Kidd G, Fisher-Wellman KH, Neufer PD, Shaikh SR. High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Dysregulates Splenic B Cell Mitochondrial Activity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4807. [PMID: 38004202 PMCID: PMC10675399 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity impairs mitochondrial respiratory responses in tissues that are highly metabolically active, such as the heart. However, less is known about the impact of obesity on the respiratory activity of specific cell types, such as splenic B cells. B cells are of relevance, as they play functional roles in obesity-induced insulin resistance, inflammation, and responses to infection. Here, we tested the hypothesis that high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity could impair the mitochondrial respiration of intact and permeabilized splenic CD19+ B cells isolated from C57BL/6J mice and activated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). High-resolution respirometry was used with intact and permeabilized cells. To reveal potential mechanistic targets by which HFD-induced obesity dysregulates B cell mitochondria, we conducted proteomic analyses and 3D serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBFEM). High-resolution respirometry revealed that intact LPS-stimulated B cells of obese mice, relative to controls, displayed lower ATP-linked, as well as maximal uncoupled, respiration. To directly investigate mitochondrial function, we used permeabilized LPS-stimulated B cells, which displayed increased H2O2 emission and production with obesity. We also examined oxidative phosphorylation efficiency simultaneously, which revealed that oxygen consumption and ATP production were decreased in LPS-stimulated B cells with obesity relative to controls. Despite minimal changes in total respiratory complex abundance, in LPS-stimulated B cells of obese mice, three of the top ten most downregulated proteins were all accessory subunits of respiratory complex I. SBFEM showed that B cells of obese mice, compared to controls, underwent no change in mitochondrial cristae integrity but displayed increased mitochondrial volume that was linked to bioenergetic function. Collectively, these results establish a proof of concept that HFD-induced obesity dysregulates the mitochondrial bioenergetic metabolism of activated splenic B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandita Pal
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Chien-Te Lin
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (C.-T.L.); (I.B.); (K.H.F.-W.)
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Ilya Boykov
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (C.-T.L.); (I.B.); (K.H.F.-W.)
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Emily Benson
- 3D-EM Ultrastructural Imaging and Computation Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (E.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Grahame Kidd
- 3D-EM Ultrastructural Imaging and Computation Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (E.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (C.-T.L.); (I.B.); (K.H.F.-W.)
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - P. Darrell Neufer
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (C.-T.L.); (I.B.); (K.H.F.-W.)
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
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Boykov IN, Montgomery MM, Hagen JT, Aruleba RT, McLaughlin KL, Coalson HS, Nelson MA, Pereyra AS, Ellis JM, Zeczycki TN, Vohra NA, Tan SF, Cabot MC, Fisher-Wellman KH. Pan-tissue mitochondrial phenotyping reveals lower OXPHOS expression and function across cancer types. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16742. [PMID: 37798427 PMCID: PMC10556099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to treat cancer has been hampered due to serious side-effects potentially arising from the inability to discriminate between non-cancerous and cancerous mitochondria. Herein, comprehensive mitochondrial phenotyping was leveraged to define both the composition and function of OXPHOS across various murine cancers and compared to both matched normal tissues and other organs. When compared to both matched normal tissues, as well as high OXPHOS reliant organs like heart, intrinsic expression of the OXPHOS complexes, as well as OXPHOS flux were discovered to be consistently lower across distinct cancer types. Assuming intrinsic OXPHOS expression/function predicts OXPHOS reliance in vivo, these data suggest that pharmacologic blockade of mitochondrial OXPHOS likely compromises bioenergetic homeostasis in healthy oxidative organs prior to impacting tumor mitochondrial flux in a clinically meaningful way. Although these data caution against the use of indiscriminate mitochondrial inhibitors for cancer treatment, considerable heterogeneity was observed across cancer types with respect to both mitochondrial proteome composition and substrate-specific flux, highlighting the possibility for targeting discrete mitochondrial proteins or pathways unique to a given cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya N Boykov
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - McLane M Montgomery
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - James T Hagen
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Raphael T Aruleba
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Kelsey L McLaughlin
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Hannah S Coalson
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Margaret A Nelson
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Andrea S Pereyra
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Jessica M Ellis
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Tonya N Zeczycki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Nasreen A Vohra
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Myles C Cabot
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, 115 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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