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Su W, Xu J, Pei D, Li X, Yang J, Geng Z, Liu Q, Yang L, Yu S. Hybrid Electrically Conductive Hydrogels with Local Nerve Growth Factor Release Facilitate Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:5854-5863. [PMID: 37948755 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
It is challenging to treat peripheral nerve injury (PNI) clinically. As the gold standard for peripheral nerve repair, autologous nerve grafting remains a critical limitation, including tissue availability, donor-site morbidity, immune rejection, etc. Recently, conductive hydrogels (CHs) have shown potential applications in neural bioengineering due to their good conductivity, biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity. Herein, a hybrid electrically conductive hydrogel composed of acrylic acid derivatives, gelatin, and heparin with sustained nerve growth factor (NGF) release property was developed. The rat sciatic nerve injury (SNI) model (10 mm long segment defect) was used to investigate the efficacy of these hydrogel conduits in facilitating peripheral nerve repair. The results showed that the hydrogel conduits had excellent conductivity, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. In addition, NGF immobilized in the hydrogel conduits had good sustained release characteristics. Finally, functional recovery and electrophysiological evaluations, together with histological analysis, indicated that the hydrogel conduits immobilizing NGF had superior effects on motor recovery, axon growth, and remyelination, thereby significantly accelerating the repairing of the sciatic nerve. This study demonstrated that hybrid electrically conductive hydrogels with local NGF release could be effectively used for PNI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Su
- Neurosurgery Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiakun Xu
- Neurosurgery Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dating Pei
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510500, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangdong Institute of Medical Instruments, Guangzhou 510500, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Xixi Li
- Neurosurgery Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Neurosurgery Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhijie Geng
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510500, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangdong Institute of Medical Instruments, Guangzhou 510500, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Qunfeng Liu
- Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528000, China
| | - Lixuan Yang
- Neurosurgery Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510500, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangdong Institute of Medical Instruments, Guangzhou 510500, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510500, China
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Wu S, Shen W, Ge X, Ao F, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Jia X, Mao Y, Luo Y. Advances in Large Gap Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair and Regeneration with Bridging Nerve Guidance Conduits. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300078. [PMID: 37235853 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a common complication of accidents and diseases. The traditional autologous nerve graft approach remains the gold standard for the treatment of nerve injuries. While sources of autologous nerve grafts are very limited and difficult to obtain. Nerve guidance conduits are widely used in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries as an alternative to nerve autografts and allografts. However, the development of nerve conduits does not meet the needs of large gap peripheral nerve injury. Functional nerve conduits can provide a good microenvironment for axon elongation and myelin regeneration. Herein, the manufacturing methods and different design types of functional bridging nerve conduits for nerve conduits combined with electrical or magnetic stimulation and loaded with Schwann cells, etc., are summarized. It summarizes the literature and finds that the technical solutions of functional nerve conduits with electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation and nerve conduits combined with Schwann cells can be used as effective strategies for bridging large gap nerve injury and provide an effective way for the study of large gap nerve injury repair. In addition, functional nerve conduits provide a new way to construct delivery systems for drugs and growth factors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wen Shen
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Ge
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Fen Ao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoni Jia
- Central Laboratory, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Yueyang Mao
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yali Luo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
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Shi ZL, Fan ZY, Zhang H, Li ST, Yuan H, Tong JH. Localized delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from PLGA microspheres promotes peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:172. [PMID: 35303915 PMCID: PMC8931983 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-02985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Repair of peripheral nerve defect presents a considerable challenge for reconstructive surgeons. The aim of this study is to develop a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres for the treatment of the peripheral nerve defect. Method BDNF microspheres were prepared by using an oil-in-water emulsification-solvent evaporation method. The morphology, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading and sustained release performance of microspheres was observed and calculated. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated and expanded. ADSCs were divided into four groups: control, BDNF, blank microsphere and BDNF microsphere groups. Cell count kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to assess cell proliferation. Cell migration was determined by Transwell assays. Twenty-eight male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent transection damage model on the right sciatic nerve. The wet weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle was calculated by comparing the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle from the operated side to that of the normal side. Neuroelectrophysiological testing was performed to assess nerve function recovery. Nerve regeneration was evaluated by histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. Results The microspheres were spherical and had uniform size (46.38 ± 1.00 μm), high encapsulation efficiency and high loading capacity. In vitro release studies showed that BDNF-loaded microspheres had good sustained release characteristics. The duration of BDNF release was extended to more than 50 days. BDNF or BDNF microsphere promote the proliferation and migration of ADSCs than control group (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, BDNF significantly decreased the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and compound amplitude (AMP) (P < 0.05). The nerve fibers in the BDNF microsphere group were closely arranged and uniformly distributed than control group. Conclusion BDNF/PLGA sustained-release microsphere could promote the migration of ADSCs and promoted neural differentiation of ADSCs. Moreover, BDNF/PLGA sustained-release microsphere ameliorated nerve conduction velocity and prevented neuralgic amyotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Liang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shen-Tai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - He Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiu-Hui Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
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Tanaka H, Kakinoki R, Kaizawa Y, Yurie H, Ikeguchi R, Akagi M. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into a vascularized biodegradable tube containing decellularized allogenic nerve basal laminae promoted peripheral nerve regeneration; can it be an alternative of autologous nerve graft? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254968. [PMID: 34464381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed silicone nerve conduits containing a vascular bundle and decellularized allogenic basal laminae (DABLs) seeded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) demonstrated successful nerve regeneration. Nerve conduits should be flexible and biodegradable for clinical use. In the current study, we used nerve conduits made of polyglycoric acid (PGA) fiber mesh, which is flexible, biodegradable and capillary-permeable. DABLs were created using chemical surfactants to remove almost all cell debris. In part 1, capillary infiltration capability of the PGA tube was examined. Capillary infiltration into regenerated neural tissue was compared between the PGA tube with blood vessels attached extratubularly (extratubularly vascularized tube) and that containing blood vessels intratubularly (intratubularly vascularized tube). No significant difference was found in capillary formation or nerve regeneration between these two tubes. In part 2, a 20 mm gap created in a rat sciatic nerve model was bridged using the extratubularly vascularized PGA tube containing the DABLs with implantation of isogenic cultured BMSCs (TubeC+ group), that containing the DABLs without implantation of the BMSCs (TubeC- group), and 20 mm-long fresh autologous nerve graft (Auto group). Nerve regeneration in these three groups was assessed electrophysiologically and histomorphometrically. At 24 weeks, there was no significant difference in any electrophysiological parameters between TubeC+ and Auto groups, although all histological parameters in Auto group were significantly greater than those in TubeC+ and TubeC- groups, and TubeC+ group demonstrated significant better nerve regeneration than TubeC- group. The transplanted DABLs showed no signs of immunological rejection and some transplanted BMSCs were differentiated into cells with Schwann cell-like phenotype, which might have promoted nerve regeneration within the conduit. This study indicated that the TubeC+ nerve conduit may become an alternative to nerve autograft.
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Chen ZX, Yi Z, Lu HB, Chen LL, Yang XN, Qi ZL. Comparison of Conduits Fabricated by Fresh and Predegenerated Skeletal Muscles for Peripheral Nerve Repairing. J Craniofac Surg 2021. [PMID: 34292250 DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000007882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Reconstruction of peripheral nerve injury remains a challenge for clinical medicine. Previous reports have confirmed that external oblique muscle-fabricated nerve conduit (EMC) could effectively be used to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, we compared between conduits fabricated from fresh muscle and conduits fabricated from predegenerated muscle for the repair of peripheral nerve defects in a mouse sciatic nerve transection model. We found that the number, diameter, and myelin sheath thickness of the myelinated nerve fibers of the regenerative nerve in the EMC group were larger than those of the predegenerated-EMC (P-EMC) group eight weeks after surgery. The sciatic function index and gastrocnemius wet-weight mass ratio in the EMC group were higher than those in the P-EMC group. The Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the number of Schwann cell nucleus in the proximal nerve stumps in the EMC group were greater than those in the P-EMC group. In conclusion, our results confirmed that the use of fresh skeletal muscle nerve conduit increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and promoted the survival of Schwann cells of the proximal nerve stump compared with that of predegenerated skeletal muscle nerve conduits, thus achieving better functional recovery after sciatic nerve defect.
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Abstract
The therapy of neural nerve injuries that involve the disruption of axonal pathways or axonal tracts has taken a new dimension with the development of tissue engineering techniques. When peripheral nerve injury (PNI), spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), or neurodegenerative disease occur, the intricate architecture undergoes alterations leading to growth inhibition and loss of guidance through large distance. To improve the limitations of purely cell-based therapies, the neural tissue engineering philosophy has emerged. Efforts are being made to produce an ideal scaffold based on synthetic and natural polymers that match the exact biological and mechanical properties of the tissue. Furthermore, through combining several components (biomaterials, cells, molecules), axonal regrowth is facilitated to obtain a functional recovery of the neural nerve diseases. The main objective of this review is to investigate the recent approaches and applications of neural tissue engineering approaches.
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Jafari M, Delaviz H, Torabi S, Mohammadi J, Gheitasi I. The Effect of Muscle Graft With Nerve Growth Factor and Laminin on Sciatic Nerve Repair in Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 10:333-344. [PMID: 32231770 PMCID: PMC7101516 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most common damages that lead to physical disability. Considering the similarity between the coatings of skeletal muscles and nerve fibers, we conducted this research to determine the effect of muscle graft with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Laminin (L) on nerve repair. Methods: We cut a 10-mm length of the sciatic nerve from 42 female Wistar rats (Weight: 200±250 g) and equally divided the rats into three groups. In the muscle graft+NGF+laminin group, the degenerated skeletal muscle was sutured with proximal and distal ends of the transected sciatic nerve. Then, NGF (100 ng) and laminin (1.28 mg/mL) were injected into the muscle graft. In the muscle graft group, normal saline was injected into the muscle graft. In the control group, 10 mm of the sciatic nerve was removed without any treatment. Functional recovery was assessed based on Sciatic Functional Index (SFI). Also, tracing motor neurons and histological studies were performed to evaluate nerve repair. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: The Mean±SD SFI value significantly increased in the muscle graft+NGF+laminin (−76.6±2.9) and muscle graft (−82.1±3.5) groups 60 days after the injury compared to the control group. The Mean±SD number of labeled motor neurons significantly increased in the muscle graft+NGF+laminin (78.6±3.1) and muscle graft (61.3±6.1) groups compared to the control group (P<0.001). The mean number of myelinated axons in the distal segments of the muscle graft+NGF+laminin increased significantly compared to the muscle graft group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that muscle graft followed by NGF and laminin administration have therapeutic effects on nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamdollah Delaviz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Somayeh Torabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Jamshid Mohammadi
- Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Izadpanah Gheitasi
- Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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Wanner R, Knöll B. Interference with SRF expression in skeletal muscles reduces peripheral nerve regeneration in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5281. [PMID: 32210317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injury of peripheral nerves typically also damages nerve surrounding tissue including muscles. Hence, molecular and cellular interactions of neighboring damaged tissues might be decisive for successful axonal regeneration of injured nerves. So far, the contribution of muscles and muscle-derived molecules to peripheral nerve regeneration has only poorly been studied. Herein, we conditionally ablated SRF (serum response factor), an important myofiber transcription factor, in skeletal muscles of mice. Subsequently, the impact of this myofiber-restricted SRF deletion on peripheral nerve regeneration, i.e. facial nerve injury was analyzed. Quantification of facial nerve regeneration by retrograde tracer transport, inspection of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and recovery of whisker movement revealed reduced axonal regeneration upon muscle specific Srf deletion. In contrast, responses in brainstem facial motor neuron cell bodies such as regeneration-associated gene (RAG) induction of Atf3, synaptic stripping and neuroinflammation were not overly affected by SRF deficiency. Mechanistically, SRF in myofibers appears to stimulate nerve regeneration through regulation of muscular satellite cell (SC) proliferation. In summary, our data suggest a role of muscle cells and SRF expression within muscles for regeneration of injured peripheral nerves.
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Gallo N, Lunetti P, Bettini S, Barca A, Madaghiele M, Valli L, Capobianco L, Sannino A, Salvatore L. Assessment of physico-chemical and biological properties of sericin-collagen substrates for PNS regeneration. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1725755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Simona Bettini
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Amilcare Barca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Ludovico Valli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Li J, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhang J, Lin R, Luo D. Salidroside promotes sciatic nerve regeneration following combined application epimysium conduit and Schwann cells in rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:522-531. [PMID: 32053008 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220906541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force/Xiamen University Dongfang Hospital, and Fuzong Clinical Medicine College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ren Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Daoshu Luo
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Abstract
Skeletal muscle-derived cells have strong secretory function, while skeletal muscle-derived stem cells, which are included in muscle-derived cells, can differentiate into Schwann cell-like cells and other cell types. However, the effect of muscle-derived cells on peripheral nerve defects has not been reported. In this study, 5-mm-long nerve defects were created in the right sciatic nerves of mice to construct a peripheral nerve defect model. Adult female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups. For the muscle-derived cell group, muscle-derived cells were injected into the catheter after the cut nerve ends were bridged with a polyurethane catheter. For external oblique muscle-fabricated nerve conduit and polyurethane groups, an external oblique muscle-fabricated nerve conduit or polyurethane catheter was used to bridge the cut nerve ends, respectively. For the sham group, the sciatic nerves on the right side were separated but not excised. At 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery, distributions of axons and myelin sheaths were observed, and the nerve diameter was calculated using immunofluorescence staining. The number, diameter, and thickness of myelinated nerve fibers were detected by toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscopy. Muscle fiber area ratios were calculated by Masson’s trichrome staining of gastrocnemius muscle sections. Sciatic functional index was recorded using walking footprint analysis at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation. The results showed that, at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, myelin sheaths and axons of regenerating nerves were evenly distributed in the muscle-derived cell group. The number, diameter, and myelin sheath thickness of myelinated nerve fibers, as well as gastrocnemius muscle wet weight and muscle area ratio, were significantly higher in the muscle-derived cell group compared with the polyurethane group. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-surgery, sciatic functional index was notably increased in the muscle-derived cell group compared with the polyurethane group. These criteria of the muscle-derived cell group were not significantly different from the external oblique muscle-fabricated nerve conduit group. Collectively, these data suggest that muscle-derived cells effectively accelerated peripheral nerve regeneration. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (approval No. 040) on September 28, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xiang Chen
- The 16th Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Bin Lu
- The 16th Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Jin
- The 16th Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Feng Feng
- Yu Tian Cheng Plastic Surgery Clinic, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Yang
- The 16th Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Zuo-Liang Qi
- The 16th Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
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Xu Z, Chen Z, Feng W, Huang M, Yang X, Qi Z. Grafted muscle-derived stem cells promote the therapeutic efficiency of epimysium conduits in mice with peripheral nerve gap injury. Artif Organs 2019; 44:E214-E225. [PMID: 31792982 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our research aimed to build allogeneic artificial conduits with epimysium and muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) from the skeletal muscle of mice. We applied the conduit to repair peripheral nerve defects and estimated the effectiveness of the repair process. In the research, we prepared epimysium conduits with lumens to bridge repair a 5-mm-long sciatic nerve defect from C57 wild-type mice and then transplanted green fluorescent protein (GFP)-MDSCs and Matrigel suspensions into the conduit. Histological and functional assessments were performed 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. The tissue-engineered conduit from muscle effectively repaired the nerve defect, while the group with GFP-MDSCs showed improved histological examinations and functional assessments, and the newborn nerves highly expressed GFP. As the results suggested, autologous epimysium conduits represent a reliable method to repair peripheral nerve defects, and the addition of MDSCs promote the effectiveness of differentiating into multiple lineages. Our research simultaneously demonstrated the myogenic, neurogenic, and angiogenic potential of MDSCs in vivo for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqiu Xu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zixiang Chen
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Feng
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minlu Huang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoliang Qi
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhang L, Yang W, Xie H, Wang H, Wang J, Su Q, Li X, Song Y, Wang G, Wang L, Wang Z. Sericin Nerve Guidance Conduit Delivering Therapeutically Repurposed Clobetasol for Functional and Structural Regeneration of Transected Peripheral Nerves. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1426-1439. [PMID: 33405618 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury often causes significant function loss. Autologous nerve grafting as a gold-standard repair strategy for treating such an injury is limited by donor nerve supply. Tissue-engineered nerve guidance conduits (TENGCs) as a promising alternative for autografting are challenged by large nerve gaps. Herein, we fabricate a glutaraldehyde-cross-linked sericin nerve guidance conduit (GSC) incorporated with clobetasol, a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, for repairing a 10 mm long sciatic nerve gap in a rat model. The GSC exhibits biocompatibility and regeneration-favorable physicochemical properties. GSC's degradation products promote the secretion of neurotrophic factors in Schwann cells. By repurposing clobetasol for peripheral nerve regeneration, our work uncovers clobetasol's previously unknown functions in promoting Schwann cell proliferation and upregulating the expression of myelin-related genes. Importantly, the implantation of this clobetasol-loaded GSC in vivo leads to successful regeneration of the transected sciatic nerve. Strikingly, the regeneration outcome is functionally comparable to that of autologous nerve grafting (evidenced by three parameters). Specifically, the static sciatic index (SSI), relative reaction time (RRT) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in Clobetasol/GSC group are -74.55, 1.30, and 46.4 mm/s at Week 12, respectively, while these parameters are -64.53, 1.23, and 49.8 mm/s in Autograft group. Thus, this work represents the first report unveiling clobetasol's potential in peripheral nerve regeneration, reveals the feasibility of applying a sericin conduit for repairing a large nerve defect, and demonstrates the effectiveness of the clobetasol-loaded-GSC based strategy in transected nerves' regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongjian Xie
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Basic School of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiangfei Su
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Song
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Feng W, Lu H, Xu Z, Chen L, Yang X, Qi Z. [Effect of cells in the epimysium conduit on the regeneration of peripheral nerve]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:617-624. [PMID: 29806353 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201712092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of cells in the epimysium conduit (EMC) on the regeneration of sciatic nerve of mice. Methods The epimysium of the 8-week-old male C57BL/6J enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) mouse was trimmed to a size of 5 mm×3 mm, and prepared in a tubular shape (ie, EMC). Some epimysia were treated with different irradiation doses (0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 Gy) to inhibit cells migration. Then the number of migrating cells were counted, and the epimysia with the least migrating cells were selected to prepare EMC. Some epimysia were subjected to decellularization treatment and prepared EMC. HE and Masson staining were used to identify the decellularization effect. Twenty-four C57BL/6J wild-type mice were used to prepare a 3-mm-long sciatic nerve defect of right hind limb model and randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=8). EMC (group A), EMC after cell migration inhibition treatment (group B), and decellularized EMC (group C) were used to repair defects. At 16 weeks after operation, the midline of the regenerating nerve was taken for gross, toluidine blue staining, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Results At 15 days, the number of migrating cells gradually decreased with the increase of irradiation dose. There was no significant difference between 30 Gy group and 35 Gy group ( P>0.05); there were significant differences between the other groups ( P<0.05). The epimysium after treatment with 35 Gy irradiation dose was selected for the in vivo experiment. After the decellularization of the epimysium, no nucleus was found in the epimysium and the epimysium could be sutured to prepare EMC. At 16 weeks after operation, the nerves in all groups were recanalized. The sciatic nerve was the thickest in group A, followed by group B, and the finest in group C. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the EGFP cells in group A were surrounded by regenerated axons. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscopy observation showed that the number of regenerated axons and the thickness of regenerated myelin sheath in group A were significantly better than those in groups B and C ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference between groups B and C ( P>0.05). Conclusion The cellular components of the epimysium participate in and promote the regeneration of the sciatic nerve in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Feng
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, P.R.China
| | - Haibin Lu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, P.R.China
| | - Zhuqiu Xu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, P.R.China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, P.R.China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144,
| | - Zuoliang Qi
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144,
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Wang Y, Li D, Wang G, Chen L, Chen J, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Shen H, Jin Y, Shen Z. The effect of co-transplantation of nerve fibroblasts and Schwann cells on peripheral nerve repair. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1507-1519. [PMID: 29230099 PMCID: PMC5723917 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Combinations of fibroblasts (Fbs) and corresponding epithelial cells have been widely used in many tissues, such as the skin and breast tissues, to augment tissue repair and remodeling. Recently, a large amount of new data has indicated that nerve Fbs play critical roles in Schwann cells (SCs) and axons in vitro. However, little is known regarding the effects of co-transplanting nerve Fbs and SCs on peripheral nerve repair in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of co-transplanting sciatic nerve Fbs (SN-Fbs) and sciatic nerve SCs (SN-SCs) on nerve regeneration. We developed a 5 mm nerve-defect model in mice using a polyurethane (PUR) catheter and then injected one of four different mixtures of cells into the catheters to form the following four groups: pure Matrigel (Control group), SN-Fbs alone (SN-Fb group), SN-Fbs combined with SN-SCs at a ratio of 1:2 (Fb&SC group) and SN-SCs alone (SN-SC group). Histological and functional analyses were performed 3 months later. The results indicated that in vitro, the expression levels of NGF, BDNF and GDNF were significantly higher, and in vivo, a more moderate amount of extracellular matrix was produced in the Fb&SC group than in the SN-SC group. Compared to the other groups, co-transplanting SN-Fbs with SCs at a 1:2 ratio had significantly positive effects on nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangyang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyin Liu
- Jiangpu Primary Health Service Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Shen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunli Shen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wang G, Ma Z, Cao L, Yan G, Wang Y, Jin Y, Shen H, Zhang Y, Xu X, Chen X, Shen Z. A novel method for obtaining highly enriched Schwann cell populations from mature monkey nerves based on in vitro pre‑degeneration. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6600-6607. [PMID: 28901508 PMCID: PMC5865804 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are indispensable for cell therapy and tissue engineering of the peripheral nervous system. Easy access to activated, highly proliferative SCs is necessary for clinical applications. The present study developed a fast, efficient method for obtaining highly purified SCs from the peripheral nerve of a mature Rhesus monkey. The common peroneal nerves of 4-year-old Rhesus monkeys were harvested and subjected to in vitro pre-degeneration in a modified SC culture medium (SCCM). The nerve pieces were subsequently treated enzymatically to dissociate the cells and then cultured for 2 days in SCCM. Cultured cells were treated with purification medium containing Ara-C to assist in restricting the overgrowth of fibroblast-like cells, for 24 h. After another 24-h cultivation period, the cells were subsequently treated with a multiplex collagenase, which enabled SC detachment over fibroblast detachment, and thereby facilitated SC isolation. Finally, SCs were cultured in SCCM. The cell yield was determined by cell counting following enzyme digestion and SC purity was determined from the percentage of SCs with respect to the total number of cells. Following purification, 96.3±3.9% of cells were identified as SCs. In vitro pre-degeneration in the presence of basic-fibroblast growth factor, heregulin β1 and forskolin maximized the purity and yield of SCs that could be obtained from monkey peroneal nerves. The present study identified a novel technique that can efficiently isolate and purify SCs from mature monkey nerves based on in vitro pre-degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangyang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Zhengwen Ma
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Guofeng Yan
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Hua Shen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xuejin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Zunli Shen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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Zhou J, Cui H, Lu H, Xu Z, Feng W, Chen L, Jin X, Yang X, Qi Z. Muscle-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration: reality or illusion? Regen Med 2017. [PMID: 28621200 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the complicated and time-consuming regenerative process, the repair of injured peripheral nerves depends largely on ongoing stem-cell therapy. Decades ago, researchers successfully isolated and identified muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) and discovered their potential for multidifferentiation. MDSCs play an important role in trauma repair associated with neuromuscular and vascular injury by simultaneously promoting tissue regrowth via direct differentiation and systematic secretion under physiological conditions. However, the isolation, culture, induction and application of MDSCs require further methodological analysis before clinical application. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the challenges associated with neural regeneration and reviewed the progress of stem cell based regenerative medicine, in an effort to realize the potential of MDSCs in nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Haibin Lu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Zhuqiu Xu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Weifeng Feng
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Jin
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Zuoliang Qi
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
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Arda MS, Koçman EA, Özkara E, Söztutar E, Özatik O, Köse A, Çetin C. Can a Small Intestine Segment Be an Alternative Biological Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration? Balkan Med J 2017; 34:246-254. [PMID: 28443569 PMCID: PMC5450865 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2015.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous nerve grafts are used to bridge peripheral nerve defects. Limited sources and donor site morbidity are the major problems with peripheral nerve grafts. Although various types of autologous grafts such as arteries, veins and muscles have been recommended, an ideal conduit has not yet been described. AIMS To investigate the effectiveness of a small intestinal conduit for peripheral nerve defects. STUDY DESIGN Animal experimentation. METHODS Twenty-one rats were divided into three groups (n=7). Following anaesthesia, sciatic nerve exploration was performed in the Sham group. The 10 mm nerve gap was bridged with a 15 mm ileal segment in the small intestinal conduit group and the defect was replaced with orthotopic nerve in autologous nerve graft group. The functional recovery was tested monthly by walking-track analysis and the sciatic functional index. Histological evaluation was performed on the 12th week. RESULTS Sciatic functional index tests are better in autologous nerve graft group (-55.09±6.35); however, during follow-up, progress in sciatic functional index was demonstrated, along with axonal regeneration and innervation of target muscles in the small intestinal conduit group (-76.36±12.08) (p<0.05). In histologic sections, distinctive sciatic nerve regeneration was examined in the small intestinal conduit group. The expression of S-100 and neurofilament was observed in small intestinal conduit group but was less organised than in the autologous nerve graft group. Although the counted number (7459.79±1833.50 vs. 4226.51±1063.06 mm2), measured diameter [2.19 (2.15-2.88) vs. 1.74 (1.50-2.09) µm] and myelin sheath thickness [1.18 (1.09-1.44) vs. 0.66 (0.40-1.07) µm] of axons is significantly high in the middle sections of autologous nerve graft compared to the small intestinal conduit group, respectively (p<0.05), the peripheral nerve regeneration was also observed in the small intestinal conduit group. CONCLUSION Small intestinal conduit should not be considered as an alternative to autologous nerve grafts in its current form; however, the results are promising. Even though the results are no better than autologous nerve grafts, with additional procedures, it might be a good alternative due to harvesting abundant sources without donor site morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet S Arda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Emre A Koçman
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Emre Özkara
- Department of Anatomy, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Erdem Söztutar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Orhan Özatik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ahi Evran University School of Medicine, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Aydan Köse
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Çetin
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Wang B, Yuan J, Xu J, Chen X, Ying X, Dong P. Brain-derived and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor fusion protein immobilization to laminin. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:178-186. [PMID: 28123487 PMCID: PMC5245157 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve often causes hoarseness, dyspnea, dysphagia, and sometimes asphyxia due to vocal cord paralysis which result in a reduction of quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) play critical roles in peripheral nerve regeneration. However, methods for efficiently delivering these molecules are lacking, which limits their use in clinical applications. The present study reports an effective strategy for targeting BDNF and GDNF to laminin by fusing the N-terminal domains of these molecules with agrin (NtA). More specifically, laminin-binding efficacy was assessed and sustained release assays of the delivery of BDNF or GDNF fused with NtA (LBD-BDNF or LBD-GDNF) to laminin were conducted in vitro. In addition, the bioactivity of LBD-BDNF and LBD-GDNF on laminin in vitro was investigated. LBD-BDNF and LBD-GDNF were each able to specifically bind to laminin and maintain their activity in vitro. Moreover, neurotrophic factors with NtA retained higher concentrations and bioactivity levels compared with those without NtA. The ratio of LBD-BDNF and LBD-GDNF that produced optimal effects was 4:6. BDNF and GDNF fused with NtA were effective in specifically binding to laminin. As laminin is a major component of the extracellular matrix, LBD-BDNF and LBD-GDNF may prove useful in the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jiafeng Xu
- School of Economics and Finance, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, P.R. China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Xinjiang Ying
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Pin Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
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Mohammadi J, Delaviz H, Mohammadi B, Delaviz H, Rad P. Comparison of repair of peripheral nerve transection in predegenerated muscle with and without a vein graft. BMC Neurol 2016; 16:237. [PMID: 27876000 PMCID: PMC5120544 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-016-0768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite substantial research into the topic and valiant surgical efforts, reconstruction of peripheral nerve injury remains a challenging surgery. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of axonal regeneration of a transected sciatic nerve through a vein conduit containing degenerated skeletal muscle compared with axonal regeneration in a transected sciatic nerve through degenerated skeletal muscle alone. METHODS In two of the three experimental rat groups, 10 mm of the left sciatic nerve was transected and removed. The proximal and distal ends of the transected sciatic nerve were then approximated and surrounded with either (a) a degenerated skeletal muscle graft; or (b) a graft containing both degenerated skeletal muscle and vein. In the group receiving the combined vein and skeletal muscle graft, the vein walls were subsequently sutured to the proximal and distal nerve stump epineurium. Sciatic functional index (SFI) was used for assessment of functional recovery. Tracing study and histological procedures were used to assess axonal regeneration. RESULTS At 60 days, the gait functional recovery as well as the mean number of myelinated axons in the middle and distal parts of the sciatic nerve significantly increased in the group with the vein graft compared to rats with only the muscular graft (P < 0.05). Mean diameter of myelinated nerve fiber of the distal sciatic nerve was also improved with the vein graft compared to the muscle graft alone (P < 0.05). The mean number of DiI-labeled motor neurons in the L4-L5 spinal segment increased in the vein with muscle group but was not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that a graft consisting of not only predegenerated muscle, but also predegenerated muscle with vein more effectively supported nerve regeneration, thus promoting functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Mohammadi
- Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamdollah Delaviz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, P.o.Box: 7591994799, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Bahram Mohammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamoun Delaviz
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Parastou Rad
- Department of Midwifery, Yasuj University of Medical, Yasuj, Iran
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Kaizawa Y, Kakinoki R, Ikeguchi R, Ohta S, Noguchi T, Takeuchi H, Oda H, Yurie H, Matsuda S. A Nerve Conduit Containing a Vascular Bundle and Implanted With Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Decellularized Allogenic Nerve Matrix. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:215-228. [PMID: 27657936 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x692951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells, scaffolds, growth factors, and vascularity are essential for nerve regeneration. Previously, we reported that the insertion of a vascular bundle and the implantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) into a nerve conduit promoted peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, the efficacy of nerve conduits containing a vascular bundle, BM-MSCs, and thermally decellularized allogenic nerve matrix (DANM) was investigated using a rat sciatic nerve model with a 20-mm defect. Lewis rats were used as the sciatic nerve model and for the preparation of BM-MSCs, and Dark Agouti rats were used for the preparation of the DANM. The revascularization and the immunogenicity of the DANM were investigated histologically. The regeneration of nerves through nerve conduits containing vessels, BM-MSCs, and DANM (VBD group) was evaluated based on electrophysiological, morphometric, and reinnervated muscle weight measurements and compared with that of vessel-containing conduits that were implanted with BM-MSCs (VB group). The DANM that was implanted into vessel-containing tubes (VCTs) was revascularized by neovascular vessels that originated from the inserted vascular bundle 5-7 days after surgery. The number of CD8+ cells found in the DANM in the VCT was significantly smaller than that detected in the untreated allogenic nerve segment. The regenerated nerve in the VBD group was significantly superior to that in the VB group with regard to the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential detected in the pedal adductor muscle; the number, diameter, and myelin thickness of the myelinated axons; and the tibialis anterior muscle weight at 12 and 24 weeks. The additional implantation of the DANM into the BM-MSC-implanted VCT optimized the axonal regeneration through the conduit. Nerve conduits constructed with vascularity, cells, and scaffolds could be an effective strategy for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries with significant segmental defects.
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Wang B, Yuan J, Chen X, Xu J, Li Y, Dong P. Functional regeneration of the transected recurrent laryngeal nerve using a collagen scaffold loaded with laminin and laminin-binding BDNF and GDNF. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32292. [PMID: 27558932 PMCID: PMC4997630 DOI: 10.1038/srep32292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury remains a challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. In this study, we established a new drug delivery system consisting of a tube of Heal-All Oral Cavity Repair Membrane loaded with laminin and neurotrophic factors and tested its ability to promote functional recovery following RLN injury. We created recombinant fusion proteins consisting of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) fused to laminin-binding domains (LBDs) in order to prevent neurotrophin diffusion. LBD-BDNF, LBD-GDNF, and laminin were injected into a collagen tube that was fitted to the ends of the transected RLN in rats. Functional recovery was assessed 4, 8, and 12 weeks after injury. Although vocal fold movement was not restored until 12 weeks after injury, animals treated with the collagen tube loaded with laminin, LBD-BDNF and LBD-GDNF showed improved recovery in vocalisation, arytenoid cartilage angles, compound muscle action potentials and regenerated fibre area compared to animals treated by autologous nerve grafting (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate the drug delivery system induced nerve regeneration following RLN transection that was superior to that induced by autologus nerve grafting. It may have potential applications in nerve regeneration of RLN transection injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China
| | - Xinwei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Jiafeng Xu
- School of Economics and Finance, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Pin Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
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23
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Lee YS, Griffin J, Masand SN, Shreiber DI, Uhrich KE. Salicylic acid-based poly(anhydride-ester) nerve guidance conduits: Impact of localized drug release on nerve regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:975-82. [PMID: 26691691 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) can serve as physical scaffolds aligning and supporting regenerating cells while preventing scar tissue formation that often interferes with the regeneration process. Numerous studies have focused on functionalizing NGCs with neurotrophic factors, for example, to support nerve regeneration over longer gaps, but few directly incorporate therapeutic agents. Herein, we fabricated NGCs from a polyanhydride comprised of salicylic acid (SA), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, then performed in vitro and in vivo assays. In vitro studies included cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory response, and NGC porosity measurements. To prepare for implantation, type I collagen hydrogels were used as NGC luminal fillers to further enhance the axonal regeneration process. For the in vivo studies, SA-NGCs were implanted in femoral nerves of mice for 16 weeks and evaluated for functional recovery. The SA-based NGCs functioned as both a drug delivery vehicle capable of reducing inflammation and scar tissue formation because of SA release as well as a tissue scaffold that promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Jeremy Griffin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Shirley N Masand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - David I Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Kathryn E Uhrich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854
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24
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Koppes RA, Park S, Hood T, Jia X, Abdolrahim Poorheravi N, Achyuta AH, Fink Y, Anikeeva P. Thermally drawn fibers as nerve guidance scaffolds. Biomaterials 2015; 81:27-35. [PMID: 26717246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic neural scaffolds hold promise to eventually replace nerve autografts for tissue repair following peripheral nerve injury. Despite substantial evidence for the influence of scaffold geometry and dimensions on the rate of axonal growth, systematic evaluation of these parameters remains a challenge due to limitations in materials processing. We have employed fiber drawing to engineer a wide spectrum of polymer-based neural scaffolds with varied geometries and core sizes. Using isolated whole dorsal root ganglia as an in vitro model system we have identified key features enhancing nerve growth within these fiber scaffolds. Our approach enabled straightforward integration of microscopic topography at the scale of nerve fascicles within the scaffold cores, which led to accelerated Schwann cell migration, as well as neurite growth and alignment. Our findings indicate that fiber drawing provides a scalable and versatile strategy for producing nerve guidance channels capable of controlling direction and accelerating the rate of axonal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Koppes
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Seongjun Park
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tiffany Hood
- Department of Bioengineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiaoting Jia
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Negin Abdolrahim Poorheravi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | | | - Yoel Fink
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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25
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Xie H, Yang W, Chen J, Zhang J, Lu X, Zhao X, Huang K, Li H, Chang P, Wang Z, Wang L. A silk sericin/silicone nerve guidance conduit promotes regeneration of a transected sciatic nerve. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2195-205. [PMID: 26332703 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve gap defects lead to significant loss of sensory or motor function. Tissue engineering has become an important alternative to nerve repair. Sericin, a major component of silk, is a natural protein whose value in tissue engineering has just begun to be explored. Here, the first time use of sericin in vivo is reported as a long-term implant for peripheral nerve regeneration. A sericin nerve guidance conduit is designed and fabricated. This conduit is highly porous with mechanical strength matching peripheral nerve tissue. It supports Schwann cell proliferation and is capable of up-regulating the transcription of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor in Schwann cells. The sericin conduit wrapped with a silicone conduit (sericin/silicone double conduits) is used for bridging repair of a 5 mm gap in a rat sciatic nerve transection model. The sericin/silicone double conduits achieve functional recovery comparable to that of autologous nerve grafting as evidenced by drastically improved nerve function and morphology. Importantly, this improvement is mainly attributed to the sericin conduit as the silicone conduit alone only produces marginal functional recovery. This sericin/silicone-double-conduit strategy offers an efficient and valuable alternative to autologous nerve grafting for repairing damaged peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Xie
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Wen Yang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Jianghai Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Jinxiang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Xiaochen Lu
- Department of Hand Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Cardiology; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Panpan Chang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Lin Wang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
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26
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Wang Y, Wang W, Wo Y, Gui T, Zhu H, Mo X, Chen CC, Li Q, Ding W. Orientated Guidance of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using Conduits with a Microtube Array Sheet (MTAS). ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:8437-8450. [PMID: 25853547 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Material surface topography has been shown to affect the biological behavior of cells in vitro; however, the in vivo effect on peripheral nerve regeneration has not been explored. Here, we studied the potential of a microtube array sheet (MTAS) with a unique longitudinal surface topography to promote peripheral nerve regeneration efficiency, both in vivo and in vitro. Schwann cells, spinal cord motor neurons, and dorsal root ganglion neurons were seeded on the MTAS to study the effect of the construct on the biological properties and behaviors of neural cells. The MTAS guided the oriented migration of Schwann cells without affecting other critical biological properties, such as proliferation and neurotrophin expression. In addition, the MTAS guided the directed extension of neurites from both types of neurons. Next, we tested the capability of the MTAS to facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration by bridging a 10 mm sciatic nerve defect in rats with a nerve conduit equipped with an MTAS lining. The MTAS significantly promoted peripheral nerve regeneration, as suggested by the greater fiber caliber in the midconduit and the greater abundance of fibers in nerve segment distal to the conduit. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis suggested the orientated guidance of nerve regeneration by the MTAS, as indicated by the smaller eccentricity of the nerve fibers and the concordant arrangement of the collagen fiber in both the fibers and the matrix in the MTAS group. Our results collectively suggest that the conduits with the MTAS developed in this study have significant potential for facilitating peripheral nerve regeneration by modifying critical biological behaviors and guiding orientated nerve growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Wang
- †Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wenjin Wang
- †Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- ‡Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yan Wo
- †Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ting Gui
- †Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- †Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- §College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chien-Chung Chen
- ∇Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Qingfeng Li
- ‡Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wenlong Ding
- †Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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27
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Shim SW, Kwon DY, Lee BN, Kwon JS, Park JH, Lee JH, Kim JH, Lee IW, Shin JW, Lee HB, Kim WD, Kim MS. Evaluation of small intestine submucosa and poly(caprolactone-co-lactide) conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:1142-51. [PMID: 25435200 PMCID: PMC4356220 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study employed nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) only, which were made of small intestine submucosa (SIS) and poly(caprolactone-co-lactide) (PCLA) to promote nerve regeneration in a peripheral nerve injury (PNI) model with nerve defects of 15 mm. The SIS- and PCLA-NGCs were easily prepared by rolling of a SIS sheet and a bioplotter using PCLA, respectively. The prepared SIS- and PCLA-NGCs fulfilled the general requirement for use as artificial peripheral NGCs such as easy fabrication, reproducibility for mass production, suturability, sterilizability, wettability, and proper mechanical properties to resist collapsing when applied to in vivo implantation. The SIS- and PCLA-NGCs appeared to be well integrated into the host sciatic nerve without causing dislocations and serious inflammation. All NGCs stably maintained their NGC shape for 8 weeks without collapsing, which matched well with the nerve regeneration rate. Staining of the NGCs in the longitudinal direction showed that the regenerated nerves grew successfully from the SIS- and PCLA-NGCs through the sciatic nerve-injured gap and connected from the proximal to distal direction along the NGC axis. SIS-NGCs exhibited a higher nerve regeneration rate than PCLA-NGCs. Collectively, our results indicate that SIS- and PCLA-NGCs induced nerve regeneration in a PNI model, a finding that has significant implications in the future with regard to the feasibility of clinical nerve regeneration with SIS- and PCLA-NGCs prepared through an easy fabrication method using promising biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Woo Shim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Doo Yeon Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bit Na Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin Seon Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Nature-Inspired Mechanical System Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Il Woo Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung-Woog Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Hai Bang Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Wan-Doo Kim
- Nature-Inspired Mechanical System Team, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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