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Testa V, Anfossi L, Cavalera S, Di Nardo F, Serra T, Baggiani C. The Amount of Cross-Linker Influences Affinity and Selectivity of NanoMIPs Prepared by Solid-Phase Polymerization Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:532. [PMID: 38399910 PMCID: PMC10892272 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The cross-linker methylene-bis-acrylamide is usually present in nanoMIPs obtained by solid-phase polymerization synthesis at 2 mol% concentration, with very few exceptions. Here, we studied the influence of variable amounts of methylene-bis-acrylamide in the range between 0 (no cross-linker) and 50 mol% concentration on the binding properties of rabbit IgG nanoMIPs. The binding parameters were determined by equilibrium binding experiments and the results show that the degree of cross-linking defines three distinct types of nanoMIPs: (i) those with a low degree of cross-linking, including nanoMIPs without cross-linker (0-05 mol%), showing a low binding affinity, high density of binding sites, and low selectivity; (ii) nanoMIPs with a medium degree of cross-linking (1-18 mol%), showing higher binding affinity, low density of binding sites, and high selectivity; (iii) nanoMIPs with a high degree of cross-linking (32-50 mol%), characterized by non-specific nanopolymer-ligand interactions, with low binding affinity, high density of binding sites, and no selectivity. In conclusion, the results are particularly relevant in the synthesis of high-affinity, high-selectivity nanoMIPs as they demonstrate that a significant gain in affinity and selectivity could be achieved with pre-polymerization mixtures containing quantities of cross-linker up to 10-20 mol%, well higher than those normally used in this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Claudio Baggiani
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (V.T.); (L.A.); (S.C.); (F.D.N.); (T.S.)
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2
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Silva AT, Figueiredo R, Azenha M, Jorge PA, Pereira CM, Ribeiro JA. Imprinted Hydrogel Nanoparticles for Protein Biosensing: A Review. ACS Sens 2023; 8:2898-2920. [PMID: 37556357 PMCID: PMC10463276 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, molecular imprinting (MI) technology has made tremendous progress, and the advancements in nanotechnology have been the major driving force behind the improvement of MI technology. The preparation of nanoscale imprinted materials, i.e., molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIP NPs, also commonly called nanoMIPs), opened new horizons in terms of practical applications, including in the field of sensors. Currently, hydrogels are very promising for applications in bioanalytical assays and sensors due to their high biocompatibility and possibility to tune chemical composition, size (microgels, nanogels, etc.), and format (nanostructures, MIP film, fibers, etc.) to prepare optimized analyte-responsive imprinted materials. This review aims to highlight the recent progress on the use of hydrogel MIP NPs for biosensing purposes over the past decade, mainly focusing on their incorporation on sensing devices for detection of a fundamental class of biomolecules, the peptides and proteins. The review begins by directing its focus on the ability of MIPs to replace biological antibodies in (bio)analytical assays and highlight their great potential to face the current demands of chemical sensing in several fields, such as disease diagnosis, food safety, environmental monitoring, among others. After that, we address the general advantages of nanosized MIPs over macro/micro-MIP materials, such as higher affinity toward target analytes and improved binding kinetics. Then, we provide a general overview on hydrogel properties and their great advantages for applications in the field of Sensors, followed by a brief description on current popular routes for synthesis of imprinted hydrogel nanospheres targeting large biomolecules, namely precipitation polymerization and solid-phase synthesis, along with fruitful combination with epitope imprinting as reliable approaches for developing optimized protein-imprinted materials. In the second part of the review, we have provided the state of the art on the application of MIP nanogels for screening macromolecules with sensors having different transduction modes (optical, electrochemical, thermal, etc.) and design formats for single use, reusable, continuous monitoring, and even multiple analyte detection in specialized laboratories or in situ using mobile technology. Finally, we explore aspects about the development of this technology and its applications and discuss areas of future growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T. Silva
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Rui Figueiredo
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Manuel Azenha
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Pedro A.S. Jorge
- INESC
TEC−Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology
and Science, Faculty of Sciences, University
of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Pereira
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - José A. Ribeiro
- CIQUP/IMS,
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
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3
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Anbiaee G, Khoshbin Z, Zamanian J, Samie A, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M, Danesh NM, Taghdisi SM, Abnous K. A fluorescent aptasensor for quantification of cocaine mediated by signal amplification characteristics of UiO-66/AuNPs nanocomposite. Anal Biochem 2023:115193. [PMID: 37257736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to the detrimental effects of cocaine on the human body such as organ damage, paranoia, immunodeficiency, cardiovascular disease, blood pressure, and stress, it is highly required to develop sensing approaches for its rapid and facile determination. Based on the signal enhancement capability of the UiO-66/AuNPs nanocomposite and acting as a capture agent, we designed a cost-effective fluorescent aptasensor for cocaine detection. The cocaine presence in the sample would cause a considerable escalation in the quenching of the fluorescence signal. The aptasensor achieved the linear response range over 0.5 μM-20 μM with a low detection limit of 0.178 μM. The selectivity of the designed aptasensing assay was successfully confirmed by examining several analgesic drugs. The aptasensor was employed for cocaine determination in human serum as the real samples. This method has a substantial benefit the for development of a low-cost and facile tool in medicine and forensic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Anbiaee
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Khoshbin
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Zamanian
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Samie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Noor Mohammd Danesh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Almabadi MH, Truta FM, Adamu G, Cowen T, Tertis M, Drăgan A, Alanazi KD, Ștefan M, Piletska E, Kiss B, Cristea C, De Wael K, Piletsky SA, Cruz AG. Integration of smart nanomaterials for highly selective disposable sensors and their forensic applications in amphetamine determination. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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5
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Bilge S, Dogan-Topal B, Gürbüz MM, Yücel A, Sınağ A, Ozkan SA. Recent advances in electrochemical sensing of cocaine: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Razlansari M, Ulucan-Karnak F, Kahrizi M, Mirinejad S, Sargazi S, Mishra S, Rahdar A, Díez-Pascual AM. Nanobiosensors for detection of opioids: A review of latest advancements. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 179:79-94. [PMID: 36067954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are generally used as analgesics in pain treatment. Like many drugs, they have side effects when overdosing and causeaddiction problems.Illegal drug use and misuse are becoming a major concern for authorities worldwide; thus, it is critical to have precise procedures for detecting them in confiscated samples, biological fluids, and wastewaters. Routine blood and urine tests are insufficient for highly selective determinations and can cause cross-reactivities. For this purpose, nanomaterial-based biosensors are great tools to determine opioid intakes, continuously monitoring the drugs with high sensitivity and selectivity even at very low sample volumes.Nanobiosensors generally comprise a signal transducer nanostructure in which a biological recognition molecule is immobilized onto its surface. Lately, nanobiosensors have been extensively utilized for the molecular detection of opioids. The usage of novel nanomaterials in biosensing has impressed biosensing studies. Nanomaterials with a large surface area have been used to develop nanobiosensors with shorter reaction times and higher sensitivity than conventional biosensors. Colorimetric and fluorescence sensing methods are two kinds of optical sensor systems based on nanomaterials. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), such as silver and gold, are the most frequently applied nanomaterials in colorimetric techniques, owing to their unique optical feature of surface plasmon resonance. Despite the progress of an extensive spectrum of nanobiosensors over the last two decades, the future purpose of low-cost, high-throughput, multiplexed clinical diagnostic lab-on-a-chip instruments has yet to be fulfilled. In this review, a concise overview of opioids (such as tramadol and buprenorphine, oxycodone and fentanyl, methadone and morphine) is provided as well as information on their classification, mechanism of action, routine tests, and new opioid sensing technologies based on various NPs. In order to highlight the trend of nanostructure development in biosensor applications for opioids, recent literature examples with the nanomaterial type, target molecules, and limits of detection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Razlansari
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Fulden Ulucan-Karnak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir 35100, Turkey.
| | | | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran.
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran.
| | - Sachin Mishra
- NDAC Centre, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, South Korea; RFIC Lab, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, South Korea.
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol, P.O. Box. 98613-35856, Iran.
| | - Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Alam MW, Islam Bhat S, Al Qahtani HS, Aamir M, Amin MN, Farhan M, Aldabal S, Khan MS, Jeelani I, Nawaz A, Souayeh B. Recent Progress, Challenges, and Trends in Polymer-Based Sensors: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2164. [PMID: 35683835 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers are long-chain, highly molecular weight molecules containing large numbers of repeating units within their backbone derived from the product of polymerization of monomeric units. The materials exhibit unique properties based on the types of bonds that exist within their structures. Among these, some behave as rubbers because of their excellent bending ability, lightweight nature, and shape memory. Moreover, their tunable chemical, structural, and electrical properties make them promising candidates for their use as sensing materials. Polymer-based sensors are highly utilized in the current scenario in the public health sector and environment control due to their rapid detection, small size, high sensitivity, and suitability in atmospheric conditions. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to highlight the current progress in polymer-based sensors. More importantly, this review provides general trends and challenges in sensor technology based on polymer materials.
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8
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Smolinska-kempisty K, Wolska J, Bryjak M. Molecularly Imprinting Microfiltration Membranes Able to Absorb Diethyl Phthalate from Water. Membranes 2022; 12:503. [PMID: 35629829 PMCID: PMC9144673 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this study, polypropylene porous membranes with an average pore size of 1.25 µm were modified by barrier discharge plasma. Next, molecularly imprinted layers with an imprint of diethyl phthalate (DEP) ware grafted of their surface. In order to optimize the composition of the modifying mixture various solvents, the ratios of functional monomers and the cross-linking monomer as well as various amounts of phthalate were verified. It was shown that the most effective membranes were obtained during polymerization in n-octane with the participation of functional monomers in the ratio 3:7 and the amount of phthalate 7 wt.%. The membranes were tested in the filtration process as well as static and dynamic sorption. In all of these processes, the imprinted membranes showed better properties than those without the imprint. The diethyl phthalate retention coefficient was 36.12% for membranes with a grafting yield of 1.916 mg/cm2. On the other hand, DEP static sorption for the imprinted membranes was 3.87 µmol/g higher than for non-imprinted membranes. Also, in the process of dynamic sorption higher values were observed for membranes with the imprint (DSMIM, 4.12 µmol/g; DSNIM, 1.18 µmol/g). The membranes were also tested under real conditions. In the process of filtration of tap water contaminated with phthalate, the presence of imprints in the membrane structure resulted in more than three times higher sorption values (3.09 µmol/g) than in the case of non-imprinted membranes (1.12 µmol/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V. Shishkanova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Technická 5 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pospíšilová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Technická 5 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Vadim Prokopec
- Department of Analytical Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Technická 5 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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Rizwan M, Selvanathan V, Rasool A, Qureshi MAUR, Iqbal DN, Kanwal Q, Shafqat SS, Rasheed T, Bilal M. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Composites for the Detection and Monitoring of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Biological and Environmental Matrices. Water Air Soil Pollut 2022; 233:493. [PMID: 36466935 PMCID: PMC9685123 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-022-05904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The production of synthetic drugs is considered a huge milestone in the healthcare sector, transforming the overall health, aging, and lifestyle of the general population. Due to the surge in production and consumption, pharmaceutical drugs have emerged as potential environmental pollutants that are toxic with low biodegradability. Traditional chromatographic techniques in practice are time-consuming and expensive, despite good precision. Alternatively, electroanalytical techniques are recently identified to be selective, rapid, sensitive, and easier for drug detection. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are known for their intrinsic porous nature, high surface area, and diversity in structural design that provides credible drug-sensing capacities. Long-term reusability and maintaining chemo-structural integrity are major challenges that are countered by ligand-metal combinations, optimization of synthetic conditions, functionalization, and direct MOFs growth over the electrode surface. Moreover, chemical instability and lower conductivities limited the mass commercialization of MOF-based materials in the fields of biosensing, imaging, drug release, therapeutics, and clinical diagnostics. This review is dedicated to analyzing the various combinations of MOFs used for electrochemical detection of pharmaceutical drugs, comprising antibiotics, analgesics, anticancer, antituberculosis, and veterinary drugs. Furthermore, the relationship between the composition, morphology and structural properties of MOFs with their detection capabilities for each drug species is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Vidhya Selvanathan
- Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Atta Rasool
- School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Dure Najaf Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Qudsia Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Syed Salman Shafqat
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60695 Poznan, PL Poland
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D’Aurelio R, Tothill IE, Salbini M, Calò F, Mazzotta E, Malitesta C, Chianella I. A Comparison of EIS and QCM NanoMIP-Based Sensors for Morphine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:3360. [PMID: 34947709 PMCID: PMC8707575 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work we have compared two different sensing platforms for the detection of morphine as an example of a low molecular weight target analyte. For this, molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (NanoMIP), synthesized with an affinity towards morphine, were attached to an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor. Assay design, sensors fabrication, analyte sensitivity and specificity were performed using similar methods. The results showed that the EIS sensor achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.11 ng·mL-1, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the 0.19 µg·mL-1 achieved using the QCM sensor. Both the EIS and the QCM sensors were found to be able to specifically detect morphine in a direct assay format. However, the QCM method required conjugation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to the small analyte (morphine) to amplify the signal and achieve a LOD in the µg·mL-1 range. Conversely, the EIS sensor method was labor-intensive and required extensive data handling and processing, resulting in longer analysis times (~30-40 min). In addition, whereas the QCM enables visualization of the binding events between the target molecule and the sensor in real-time, the EIS method does not allow such a feature and measurements are taken post-binding. The work also highlighted the advantages of using QCM as an automated, rapid and multiplex sensor compared to the much simpler EIS platform used in this work, though, the QCM method will require sample preparation, especially when a sensitive (ng·mL-1) detection of a small analyte is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D’Aurelio
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Ibtisam E. Tothill
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria Salbini
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Calò
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Mazzotta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Cosimino Malitesta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Iva Chianella
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
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Chen Y, Zhao F, Zeng B. Fabrication of surface molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the sensitive quantification of chlortetracycline with ionic liquid and MWCNT improving performance. Talanta 2021; 239:123130. [PMID: 34920256 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Chlortetracycline (CTC) is a widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic, its residue likely occurs in the environment and foods, bringing some negative effects to human health. Hence the detection and quantification of CTC in environmental and food samples is relevant. Herein, a novel electrochemical sensor based on surface molecularly imprinted polymer (SMIP) was constructed for the quantitative detection of CTC. The SMIP was synthesized by using ionic liquid (IL) functionalized MWCNT (MWCNT-IL) as supporter, 1-carboxymethyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide (IL1) as functional monomer, CTC as template, ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate as crosslinker, and azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The obtained composite IL1-SMIP exhibited high adsorption capacity for CTC and the imprinting factor was ca. 4.1. It was found that IL played an important role in improving the property of SMIP, which was also evaluated by DFT-based calculation. The resulting sensor IL1-SMIP/MWCNT-IL/GCE showed high selectivity, sensitivity and reproducibility. CTC could be quantified from 0.4 μM to 55 μM with a detection limit of 0.08 μM (S/N = 3) under the optimized conditions. The practical applicability of the sensor was demonstrated successfully by determining CTC in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Faqiong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Baizhao Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China.
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Siekierka A, Smolińska-Kempisty K, Wolska J. Enhanced Specific Mechanism of Separation by Polymeric Membrane Modification-A Short Review. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:membranes11120942. [PMID: 34940443 PMCID: PMC8705657 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Membrane technologies have found a significant application in separation processes in an exceeding range of industrial fields. The crucial part that is decided regarding the efficiency and effectivity of separation is the type of membrane. The membranes deal with separation problems, working under the various mechanisms of transportation of selected species. This review compares significant types of entrapped matter (ions, compounds, and particles) within membrane technology. The ion-exchange membranes, molecularly imprinted membranes, smart membranes, and adsorptive membranes are investigated. Here, we focus on the selective separation through the above types of membranes and detect their preparation methods. Firstly, the explanation of transportation and preparation of each type of membrane evaluated is provided. Next, the working and application phenomena are evaluated. Finally, the review discusses the membrane modification methods and briefly provides differences in the properties that occurred depending on the type of materials used and the modification protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Siekierka
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (K.S.-K.); (J.W.); Tel.: +48-71-320-36-55 (A.S.); +48-71-320-59-29 (K.S.-K.); +48-71-320-23-83 (J.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Smolińska-Kempisty
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (K.S.-K.); (J.W.); Tel.: +48-71-320-36-55 (A.S.); +48-71-320-59-29 (K.S.-K.); +48-71-320-23-83 (J.W.)
| | - Joanna Wolska
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (K.S.-K.); (J.W.); Tel.: +48-71-320-36-55 (A.S.); +48-71-320-59-29 (K.S.-K.); +48-71-320-23-83 (J.W.)
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14
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Wang J, Liu J, Wang M, Qiu Y, Kong J, Zhang X. A host guest interaction enhanced polymerization amplification for electrochemical detection of cocaine. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1184:339041. [PMID: 34625250 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine (Coc) is one of the illegal drugs and is harmful to digestive, immune, cardiovascular and urogenital systems. To achieve drug abuse control and legal action, it is essential to develop an effective method for cocaine analysis. In this work, an aptasensor has been developed using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) based on host-guest chemistry for electrochemical analysis of cocaine. The NH2-DNA (Apt1) was immobilized on the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode via addition reaction, and Fc-DNA (Apt2) was introduced to ITO relying on the specific recognition of cocaine. The Apt2 can initiate host-guest chemistry between Apt2 and ATRP initiators (β-CD-Br15), then the β-CD-Br15 further triggers ATRP. Moreover, ATRP avoids the sluggish kinetics and poor coupling capability sustained. The result shows a sensitive and selective analysis of cocaine within a linear range from 0.1 ng/mL to 10 μg/mL (R2 = 0.9985), with the detection limit down to 0.0335 ng/mL. Thus, this strategy provides a universal method for the analysis of illegal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, PR China
| | - Jingliang Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, PR China
| | - Yunliang Qiu
- Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, PR China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
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15
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Li X, Li Y, Yu P, Tong Y, Ye BC. A high sensitivity electrochemical sensor based on a dual-template molecularly imprinted polymer for simultaneous determination of clenbuterol hydrochloride and ractopamine. Analyst 2021; 146:6323-6332. [PMID: 34554156 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01413g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nitrogen-doped Fe-MOF shows a high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity after high temperature carbonization. A novel electrochemical sensor based on a N@Fe-MOF@C loaded dual-template molecularly imprinted polymer (DTMIP) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was proposed for the rapid and ultra-sensitive simultaneous detection of clenbuterol hydrochloride (CLB) and ractopamine (RAC). N@Fe-MOF@C combined with a MIP significantly enhanced the electrical signal. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to detect CLB and RAC. The electrochemical polymerization was conducted with O-phenylenediamine as the functional monomer and CLB and RAC as template molecules. The factors affecting the sensor response were optimized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the CV current response showed a linear range of 10-12-8 × 10-9 M for both CLB and RAC, and the detection limit (LOD) for both CLB and RAC was 3.03 × 10-13 M (S/N = 3). This electrochemical sensing system has high sensitivity, selectivity, excellent reproducibility, repeatability and stability. The recoveries of the actual samples (97.4%-101.2%) and reasonable relative standard deviations (RSDs) (1.06%-3.17%) indicate the practicability of the sensor system. The system has high application value in the rapid detection of CLB and RAC in clenbuterol hydrochloride tablets, human urine and raw pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Yangguang Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Pai Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Yanbin Tong
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China. .,Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Bräuer B, Unger C, Werner M, Lieberzeit PA. Biomimetic Sensors to Detect Bioanalytes in Real-Life Samples Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: A Review. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21165550. [PMID: 34450992 PMCID: PMC8400518 DOI: 10.3390/s21165550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) come with the promise to be highly versatile, useful artificial receptors for sensing a wide variety of analytes. Despite a very large body of literature on imprinting, the number of papers addressing real-life biological samples and analytes is somewhat limited. Furthermore, the topic of MIP-based sensor design is still, rather, in the research stage and lacks wide-spread commercialization. This review summarizes recent advances of MIP-based sensors targeting biological species. It covers systems that are potentially interesting in medical applications/diagnostics, in detecting illicit substances, environmental analysis, and in the quality control of food. The main emphasis is placed on work that demonstrates application in real-life matrices, including those that are diluted in a reasonable manner. Hence, it does not restrict itself to the transducer type, but focusses on both materials and analytical tasks.
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17
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Liu Z, Xu Z, Wang D, Yang Y, Duan Y, Ma L, Lin T, Liu H. A Review on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Preparation by Computational Simulation-Aided Methods. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2657. [PMID: 34451196 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are obtained by initiating the polymerization of functional monomers surrounding a template molecule in the presence of crosslinkers and porogens. The best adsorption performance can be achieved by optimizing the polymerization conditions, but this process is time consuming and labor-intensive. Theoretical calculation based on calculation simulations and intermolecular forces is an effective method to solve this problem because it is convenient, versatile, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive. In this article, computational simulation modeling methods are introduced, and the theoretical optimization methods of various molecular simulation calculation software for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers are proposed. The progress in research on and application of molecularly imprinted polymers prepared by computational simulations and computational software in the past two decades are reviewed. Computer molecular simulation methods, including molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics, are universally applicable for the MIP-based materials. Furthermore, the new role of computational simulation in the future development of molecular imprinting technology is explored.
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18
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Haq I, Alanazi K, Czulak J, Di Masi S, Piletska E, Mujahid A, Hussain T, Piletsky SA, Garcia-Cruz A. Determination of sitagliptin in human plasma using a smart electrochemical sensor based on electroactive molecularly imprinted nanoparticles. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:4276-4285. [PMID: 36132843 PMCID: PMC9419752 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sitagliptin is a hypoglycaemic agent used to reduce blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Real time monitoring of sitagliptin levels is crucial to prevent overdose, which might cause liver, kidney and pancreatic diseases. As an alternative solution, a sitagliptin voltammetric sensor was fabricated using artificial receptors called electroactive molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs). The nanoMIP tagged with a redox probe (ferrocene) combines both the recognition and reporting functions. Traditional electrochemical sensors determine the redox activity of an analyte. Thus, they are influenced by interfering molecules and the nature of the sample. These innovative nanoMIPs allow us to easily design and customise sensors, increase their sensitivity and minimise the cross reactivity in biological samples. The present technology replaces the traditional enzyme-mediator pairs used in traditional biosensors. The polymer composition was optimized "in silico" using docking and screening methods. Nanoparticles were synthesized via free radical polymerization and a solid phase method and then characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The specific sitagliptin nanoparticles were covalently immobilized on platinum electrodes via silane and carbodiimide chemistry. The determination of sitagliptin in human plasma by a nanoMIP sensor was assessed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The sensor current response was directly related to the change in nanoMIP conformation triggered by the analyte. The optimisation of the sensor response was made by adjusting (i) the silane concentration, (ii) nanoMIP concentration, and (iii) immobilization time. The sensor measurements in plasma revealed high selectivity and a sensitivity of 32.5 ± 0.6 nA pM-1 towards sitagliptin, and the limit of detection of the fabricated sensor was found to be 0.06 pM. The sensor displayed a satisfactory performance for the determination of sitagliptin in spiked human plasma, demonstrating the potential of this technology for drug monitoring and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isma Haq
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore Pakistan
| | - Kaseb Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester University Rd Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Joanna Czulak
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook Bedford MK44 1LQ UK
| | - Sabrina Di Masi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento Via Monteroni Lecce IT 73100 Italy
| | - Elena Piletska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester University Rd Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore Pakistan
| | - Tajamal Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore Pakistan
| | - Sergey A Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester University Rd Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Alvaro Garcia-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester University Rd Leicester LE1 7RH UK
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19
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Liu L, Grillo F, Canfarotta F, Whitcombe M, Morgan SP, Piletsky S, Correia R, He C, Norris A, Korposh S. Carboxyl-fentanyl detection using optical fibre grating-based sensors functionalised with molecularly imprinted nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 177:113002. [PMID: 33486137 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylfentanyl is a new designer drug reported with growing use and related deaths. Routine toxicological analyses of this novel synthetic opioid drug have not been established yet. This work reports a fibre optic sensor that measures carboxyl-fentanyl which is the major metabolite of butyrylfentanyl presented in blood, providing a promising tool for detecting butyrylfentanyl intoxication. A long period fibre grating (LPG) sensor array operating at phase-matching condition is deployed in combination with a state-of-the-art molecular imprinting technique. Nano-sized molecularly imprinted polymers (nanoMIPs) are synthesised via a solid-phase approach and coated on the surface of an LPG array. An LPG array consists of two parts: a detection and a reference LPG. The former is functionalised with nanoMIPs prior to the measurements, whilst the latter is used to take into account the temperature response of the detection LPG. The developed sensor exhibits a gradual response over increasing concentrations of carboxyl-fentanyl from 0 to 1000 ng/mL with a minimal detected concentration of 50 ng/mL, that corresponds to a wavelength shift of 1.20 ± 0.2 nm. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is applied to fit the analytical data which reveal a binding constant of 2.03 μM-1. The developed sensor shows high selectivity in detecting carboxyl-fentanyl among other drugs and potential interferents including morphine, cocaine, glucose and albumin. It shows a certain degree of cross-response to fentanyl which shares the same binding sites as carboxyl-fentanyl and therefore can be potentially used to detect fentanyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiangLiang Liu
- Optics and Photonics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Fabiana Grillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Stephen P Morgan
- Optics and Photonics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sergey Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ricardo Correia
- Optics and Photonics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - ChenYang He
- Optics and Photonics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Norris
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK; Department of Anesthesiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serhiy Korposh
- Optics and Photonics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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20
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Abstract
CONTEXT.— The United States is experiencing an opioid overdose epidemic. Point-of-care (POC) drug of abuse testing is a useful tool to combat the intensified opioid epidemic. OBJECTIVES.— To review commercially available POC drug of abuse testing involving opioids, to review opportunities and challenges for POC opioid testing and emerging testing methods in research literature, and finally to summarize unmet clinical needs and future development prospects. DATA SOURCES.— The Google search engine was used to access information for commercial opioid POC devices and the Google Scholar search engine was used to access research literature published from 2000 to 2019 for opioid POC tests. CONCLUSIONS.— The opioid epidemic provides unprecedented opportunities for POC drug testing, with significant clinical needs. Compared with gold standard tests, limitations for commercially available opioid POC testing include lower analytical sensitivity, lower specificity, and cross-reactivity. In response to unmet clinical needs, novel methods have emerged in research literature, such as microfluidics and miniature mass spectrometry. Future prospects include the development of quantitative POC devices and smarter and real-time drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Ping Wang
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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21
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Truta F, Florea A, Cernat A, Tertis M, Hosu O, de Wael K, Cristea C. Tackling the Problem of Sensing Commonly Abused Drugs Through Nanomaterials and (Bio)Recognition Approaches. Front Chem 2020; 8:561638. [PMID: 33330355 PMCID: PMC7672198 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.561638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We summarize herein the literature in the last decade, involving the use of nanomaterials and various (bio)recognition elements, such as antibodies, aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers, for the development of sensitive and selective (bio)sensors for illicit drugs with a focus on electrochemical transduction systems. The use and abuse of illicit drugs remains an increasing challenge for worldwide authorities and, therefore, it is important to have accurate methods to detect them in seized samples, biological fluids and wastewaters. They are recently classified as the latest group of “emerging pollutants,” as their consumption has increased tremendously in recent years. Nanomaterials, antibodies, aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers have gained much attention over the last decade in the development of (bio)sensors for a myriad of applications. The applicability of these (nano)materials, functionalized or not, has significantly increased, and are therefore highly suitable for use in the detection of drugs. Lately, such functionalized nanoscale materials have assisted in the detection of illicit drugs fingerprints, providing large surface area, functional groups and unique properties that facilitate sensitive and selective sensing. The review discusses the types of commonly abused drugs and their toxicological implications, classification of functionalized nanomaterials (graphene, carbon nanotubes), their fabrication, and their application on real samples in different fields of forensic science. Biosensors for drugs of abuse from the last decade's literature are then exemplified. It also offers insights into the prospects and challenges of bringing the functionalized nanobased technology to the end user in the laboratories or in-field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina Truta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Florea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Cernat
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tertis
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Hosu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Karolien de Wael
- Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation Research Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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22
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Denmark DJ, Mohapatra S, Mohapatra SS. Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Nanomaterials for Enhanced Biosensor Selectivity and Transduction. The EuroBiotech Journal 2020; 4:184-206. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Significant healthcare disparities resulting from personal wealth, circumstances of birth, education level, and more are internationally prevalent. As such, advances in biomedical science overwhelmingly benefit a minority of the global population. Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) can contribute to societal equilibrium by making medical diagnostics affordable, convenient, and fast. Unfortunately, conventional POCT appears stagnant in terms of achieving significant advances. This is attributed to the high cost and instability associated with conventional biorecognition: primarily antibodies, but nucleic acids, cells, enzymes, and aptamers have also been used. Instead, state-of-the-art biosensor researchers are increasingly leveraging molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for their high selectivity, excellent stability, and amenability to a variety of physical and chemical manipulations. Besides the elimination of conventional bioreceptors, the incorporation of nanomaterials has further improved the sensitivity of biosensors. Herein, modern nanobiosensors employing MIPs for selectivity and nanomaterials for improved transduction are systematically reviewed. First, a brief synopsis of fabrication and wide-spread challenges with selectivity demonstration are presented. Afterward, the discussion turns to an analysis of relevant case studies published in the last five years. The analysis is given through two lenses: MIP-based biosensors employing specific nanomaterials and those adopting particular transduction strategies. Finally, conclusions are presented along with a look to the future through recommendations for advancing the field. It is hoped that this work will accelerate successful efforts in the field, orient new researchers, and contribute to equitable health care for all.
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Garcia-Cruz A, Ahmad OS, Alanazi K, Piletska E, Piletsky SA. Generic sensor platform based on electro-responsive molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (e-NanoMIPs). Microsyst Nanoeng 2020; 6:83. [PMID: 34567693 PMCID: PMC8433225 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-020-00193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present research describes the design of robust electrochemical sensors based on electro-responsive molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (e-MIPs). The e-MIPs, tagged with a redox probe, combine both recognition and reporting functions. This system replaces enzyme-mediator pairs used in traditional biosensors. The analyte recognition process relies on the generic actuation phenomenon when the polymer conformation of e-MIPs is changing in response to the presence of the template analyte. The analyte concentration is measured using voltammetric methods. In an exemplification of this technology, electrochemical sensors were developed for the determination of concentrations of trypsin, glucose, paracetamol, C4-homoserine lactone, and THC. The present technology allows for the possibility of producing generic, inexpensive, and robust disposable sensors for clinical, environmental, and forensic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Garcia-Cruz
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - O. S. Ahmad
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - K. Alanazi
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - E. Piletska
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S. A. Piletsky
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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24
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Ahmed SR, Chand R, Kumar S, Mittal N, Srinivasan S, Rajabzadeh AR. Recent biosensing advances in the rapid detection of illicit drugs. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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De Rycke E, Stove C, Dubruel P, De Saeger S, Beloglazova N. Recent developments in electrochemical detection of illicit drugs in diverse matrices. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 169:112579. [PMID: 32947080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse is a global problem, requiring an interdisciplinary approach. Discovery, production, trafficking, and consumption of illicit drugs have been constantly growing, leading to heavy consequences for environment, human health, and society in general. Therefore, an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, portable and easy-to-operate detection methods for numerous drugs of interest in diverse matrices, from police samples, biological fluids and hair to sewage water has risen. Electrochemical sensors are promising alternatives to chromatography and spectrometry. Last decades, electrochemical sensing of illegal drugs has experienced a very significant growth, driven by improved transducers and signal amplifiers helping to improve the sensitivity and selectivity. The present review summarizes recent advances (last 10 years) in electrochemical detection of the most prevailing illicit drugs (such as cocaine, heroin, and (meth)amphetamine), their precursors and derivatives in different matrices. Various electrochemical sensors making use of different transducers with their (dis)advantages were discussed, and their sensitivity and applicability were critically compared. In those cases where natural or synthetic recognition elements were included in the sensing system to increase specificity, selected recognition elements, their immobilization, working conditions, and analytical performance were discussed. Finally, an outlook is presented with suggestions and recommendations for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther De Rycke
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Building S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Building S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalia Beloglazova
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
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26
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Mourad R, El badry Mohamed M, Frag EYZ, El‐Boraey HA, EL‐Sanafery SS. A Novel Molecularly Imprinted Potentiometric Sensor for the Fast Determination of Bisoprolol Fumarate in Biological Samples. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Mourad
- Department of Polymers and Pigments National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Eman Y. Z. Frag
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Hanaa A. El‐Boraey
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin AL-Kom
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Zanfrognini B, Pigani L, Zanardi C. Recent advances in the direct electrochemical detection of drugs of abuse. J Solid State Electrochem 2020; 24:2603-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Abstract
This review paper covers the forensic-relevant literature in controlled substances from 2016 to 2019 as a part of the 19th Interpol International Forensic Science Managers Symposium. The review papers are also available at the Interpol website at: https://www.interpol.int/content/download/14458/file/Interpol%20Review%20Papers%202019.pdf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S. Jones
- RTI International, Applied Justice Research Division, Center for Forensic Sciences, 3040 E. Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 22709-2194, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Comparin
- United States Drug Enforcement Administration, Special Testing and Research Laboratory, USA
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30
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Özgür E, Saylan Y, Bereli N, Türkmen D, Denizli A. Molecularly imprinted polymer integrated plasmonic nanosensor for cocaine detection. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2020; 31:1211-1222. [PMID: 32238027 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1751524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymeric nanofilm was prepared for cocaine detection and applied to plasmonic nanosensor for real-time kinetic, selectivity and reusability analyses. The sensing polymeric surface was fabricated by synthesizing a selective and specific nanofilm on the gold plasmonic nanosensor surface. After characterization experiments with atomic force microscopy, ellipsometer, and contact angle measurements, the kinetic studies of cocaine detection in aqueous solutions in a wide concentration range between 0.2-100 μg/mL were applied to plasmonic nanosensor system at 24 °C with a low limit of detection (0.1 μg/L) and quantification values (0.3 μg/L) and the results showed that this molecularly imprinted polymeric nanofilm integrated plasmonic nanosensor is providing a model for the fastest, most accurate and most precise identification of the cocaine molecule which constitutes a large part of the workload of forensic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdoğan Özgür
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Advanced Technologies Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilay Bereli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Türkmen
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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D’Aurelio R, Chianella I, Goode JA, Tothill IE. Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles Based Sensor for Cocaine Detection. Biosensors (Basel) 2020; 10:E22. [PMID: 32143406 PMCID: PMC7146329 DOI: 10.3390/bios10030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of a sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the detection of trace levels of cocaine is described in this paper. NanoMIPs for cocaine detection, synthesized using a solid phase, were applied as the sensing element. The nanoMIPs were first characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering and found to be ~148.35 ± 24.69 nm in size, using TEM. The nanoMIPs were then covalently attached to gold screen-printed electrodes and a cocaine direct binding assay was developed and optimized, using EIS as the sensing principle. EIS was recorded at a potential of 0.12 V over the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 50 kHz, with a modulation voltage of 10 mV. The nanoMIPs sensor was able to detect cocaine in a linear range between 100 pg mL-1 and 50 ng mL-1 (R2 = 0.984; p-value = 0.00001) and with a limit of detection of 0.24 ng mL-1 (0.70 nM). The sensor showed no cross-reactivity toward morphine and a negligible response toward levamisole after optimizing the sensor surface blocking and assay conditions. The developed sensor has the potential to offer a highly sensitive, portable and cost-effective method for cocaine detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D’Aurelio
- Advanced Diagnostics and Sensors Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Iva Chianella
- Advanced Diagnostics and Sensors Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Jack A. Goode
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Ibtisam E. Tothill
- Advanced Diagnostics and Sensors Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK;
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Abstract
Potentiometry is one of the most important electrochemical methods and potentiometric based sensors have been extensively studied by researchers for many years. The fact that potentiometric sensors have several advantages over other analytical devices is another reason for intensive research on the topic. In this area, hundreds of different sensors have been developed till today and introduced into the literature. The successful use of the developed sensors, particularly in real sample analysis, has made potentiometric sensors the center of attention. In this review, we highlight the studies which have been successfully applied to the developed drug samples and also to many real samples, with high recovery rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Isildak
- Department of Chemistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Oguz Özbek
- Department of Chemistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Garcia-Cruz A, Cowen T, Voorhaar A, Piletska E, Piletsky SA. Molecularly imprinted nanoparticles-based assay (MINA) – detection of leukotrienes and insulin. Analyst 2020; 145:4224-4232. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00419g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticle-based assay (MINA) performed in magnetic microplates was developed as an improved high-quality alternative to existing antibody-based immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Garcia-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leicester
- University Road
- Leicester
- UK
| | - Todd Cowen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leicester
- University Road
- Leicester
- UK
| | - Annelies Voorhaar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leicester
- University Road
- Leicester
- UK
| | - Elena Piletska
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leicester
- University Road
- Leicester
- UK
| | - Sergey A. Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leicester
- University Road
- Leicester
- UK
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Gao L, Deng Z, Lin Y, Sulemana H, Shi H, Yu C, Chen S. Highly sensitive detection for cocaine using an aptamer-modified molybdenum disulfide/gold nanoparticle microarray. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02342f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The detection of cocaine based on an aptamer-modified molybdenum disulfide@gold nanoparticle (MoS2@AuNP) nanosheet array immobilized on aminated slides was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Zhujiang Hospital
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zebin Deng
- Institute of Life Sciences
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanwei Lin
- Institute of Life Sciences
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- P. R. China
| | - Husseini Sulemana
- Institute of Life Sciences
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- P. R. China
| | - Haixia Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- P. R. China
| | - Chaosheng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Zhujiang Hospital
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Shuaijun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Zhujiang Hospital
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
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35
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Bodoki AE, Iacob BC, Bodoki E. Perspectives of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11122085. [PMID: 31847103 PMCID: PMC6960886 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable effort made in the past decades, multiple aspects of cancer management remain a challenge for the scientific community. The severe toxicity and poor bioavailability of conventional chemotherapeutics, and the multidrug resistance have turned the attention of researchers towards the quest of drug carriers engineered to offer an efficient, localized, temporized, and doze-controlled delivery of antitumor agents of proven clinical value. Molecular imprinting of chemotherapeutics is very appealing in the design of drug delivery systems since the specific and selective binding sites created within the polymeric matrix turn these complex structures into value-added carriers with tunable features, notably high loading capacity, and a good control of payload release. Our work aims to summarize the present state-of-the art of molecularly imprinted polymer-based drug delivery systems developed for anticancer therapy, with emphasis on the particularities of the chemotherapeutics’ release and with a critical assessment of the current challenges and future perspectives of these unique drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Elena Bodoki
- Inorganic Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Ion Creangă St., 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Bogdan-Cezar Iacob
- Analytical Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur St., 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ede Bodoki
- Analytical Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Pasteur St., 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-264-597-256 (int. 2838)
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Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of nanomaterials have been explored for their applications in biomedical diagnostics, making their applications in healthcare biosensing a rapidly evolving field. Nanomaterials introduce versatility to the sensing platforms and may even allow mobility between different detection mechanisms. The prospect of a combination of different nanomaterials allows an exploitation of their synergistic additive and novel properties for sensor development. This paper covers more than 290 research works since 2015, elaborating the diverse roles played by various nanomaterials in the biosensing field. Hence, we provide a comprehensive review of the healthcare sensing applications of nanomaterials, covering carbon allotrope-based, inorganic, and organic nanomaterials. These sensing systems are able to detect a wide variety of clinically relevant molecules, like nucleic acids, viruses, bacteria, cancer antigens, pharmaceuticals and narcotic drugs, toxins, contaminants, as well as entire cells in various sensing media, ranging from buffers to more complex environments such as urine, blood or sputum. Thus, the latest advancements reviewed in this paper hold tremendous potential for the application of nanomaterials in the early screening of diseases and point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
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37
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Safaryan AHM, Smith AM, Bedwell TS, Piletska EV, Canfarotta F, Piletsky SA. Optimisation of the preservation conditions for molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles specific for trypsin. Nanoscale Adv 2019; 1:3709-3714. [PMID: 36133545 PMCID: PMC9419252 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00327d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The influence of lyophilisation, autoclaving and sonication on the stability and performance of trypsin-specific molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIP NPs) has been studied in order to improve their long-term physical stability. Glucose, glycine, sorbitol and trehalose were tested as cryoprotectant agents during the lyophilisation treatment. The effect of lyophilisation and sterilisation on affinity of trypsin-specific NPs was assessed using Biacore 3000 instrument. The results have demonstrated that MIP NPs successfully withstood the lyophilisation and autoclaving conditions without a reduction of their recognition properties and affinity. It is possible to conclude that both tested lyophilisation and sterilisation treatments were suitable for a long-term storage of the prepared MIP NPs and could be used to store MIP NPs in dry state and hence reduce the chance of the bacterial contamination. An effective preservation of the MIP NPs is a crucial requirement for their future applications in the clinical diagnostics and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H M Safaryan
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Mustansiriyah University Baghdad Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Adam M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Thomas S Bedwell
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | - Elena V Piletska
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester LE1 7RH UK
| | | | - Sergey A Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester LE1 7RH UK
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38
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Bottari F, Moro G, Sleegers N, Florea A, Cowen T, Piletsky S, Nuijs ALN, De Wael K. Electropolymerized o‐Phenylenediamine on Graphite Promoting the Electrochemical Detection of Nafcillin. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Bottari
- AXES research group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171-2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Giulia Moro
- AXES research group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171-2020 Antwerp Belgium
- LSE Research group, Department of Molecular Science and NanosystemsCa' Foscari University of Venice Via Torino 155 30172 Mestre Italy
| | - Nick Sleegers
- AXES research group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171-2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Anca Florea
- AXES research group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171-2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Todd Cowen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Leicester LE1 7RH Leicester UK
| | - Sergey Piletsky
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Leicester LE1 7RH Leicester UK
| | - Alexander L. N. Nuijs
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesToxicological Centre Universiteitsplein 1 Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES research group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171-2020 Antwerp Belgium
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39
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Florea A, Cowen T, Piletsky S, De Wael K. Electrochemical sensing of cocaine in real samples based on electrodeposited biomimetic affinity ligands. Analyst 2019; 144:4639-4646. [PMID: 31250860 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00618d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A selective electrochemical sensor for direct detection of cocaine was developed based on molecularly imprinted polymers electropolymerized onto graphene-modified electrodes. Palladium nanoparticles were integrated in the sensing layer for the benefit of enhancing the communication between the imprinted sites and the electrode and improving their homogeneous distribution. The molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized by cyclic voltammetry using p-aminobenzoic acid as a high affinity monomer selected by computational modeling, and cocaine as a template molecule. Experimental parameters related to the electrochemical deposition of palladium nanoparticles, pH, composition of the electropolymerization mixture, extraction and rebinding conditions were studied and optimized. Under optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current varied linearly with cocaine concentration in the range of 100-500 μM, with a detection limit of 50 μM (RSD 0.71%, n = 3). The molecularly imprinted sensor was able to detect cocaine in saliva and river water with good recoveries after sample pretreatment and was successfully applied for screening real street samples for cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Florea
- University of Antwerp, Department of Chemistry, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Belgium.
| | - Todd Cowen
- University of Leicester, Department of Chemistry, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Sergey Piletsky
- University of Leicester, Department of Chemistry, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Karolien De Wael
- University of Antwerp, Department of Chemistry, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Belgium.
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Yoshimi Y, Oino D, Ohira H, Muguruma H, Moczko E, Piletsky SA. Size of Heparin-Imprinted Nanoparticles Reflects the Matched Interactions with the Target Molecule. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E2415. [PMID: 31137824 DOI: 10.3390/s19102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that the faradic current at an electrode grafted with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is sensitive to the specific target molecule used as the template. This phenomenon is applicable to sensors with very high selectivity, but the sensing mechanism is still a black box. We investigated the size sensitivity of nanoparticles of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP-NPs) to a specific interaction for determination of the mechanism of the gate effect and its feasibility for new applications. Nanoparticles of poly(methacryloxy ethyl trimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylamide-co-methylenebisacrylamide) imprinted with heparin immobilized on glass beads were synthesized. The diameter of the MIP-NPs of heparin was increased by the presence of the heparin template but was insensitive to chondroitin sulfate C (CSC), the analogue of heparin. The high selectivity of the MIP-NPs was consistent with the selectivity of electrodes grafted with a heparin-imprinted polymer in our previous studies. The quartz crystal microbalance probes immobilizing heparin or CSC were sensitive to MIP-NPs, which indicates that the binding ability of MIP-NP does not discriminate between the template and other glycosaminoglycans. These results indicate that the size of the MIP-NP is sensitive to the matched binding with the template through the imprinted cavity.
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41
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42
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Saylan Y, Akgönüllü S, Yavuz H, Ünal S, Denizli A. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based Sensors for Medical Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E1279. [PMID: 30871280 PMCID: PMC6472044 DOI: 10.3390/s19061279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensors have been extensively used owing to multiple advantages, including exceptional sensing performance, user-friendly operation, fast response, high sensitivity and specificity, portability, and real-time analysis. In recent years, efforts in sensor realm have expanded promptly, and it has already presented a broad range of applications in the fields of medical, pharmaceutical and environmental applications, food safety, and homeland security. In particular, molecularly imprinted polymer based sensors have created a fascinating horizon for surface modification techniques by forming specific recognition cavities for template molecules in the polymeric matrix. This method ensures a broad range of versatility to imprint a variety of biomolecules with different size, three dimensional structure, physical and chemical features. In contrast to complex and time-consuming laboratory surface modification methods, molecular imprinting offers a rapid, sensitive, inexpensive, easy-to-use, and highly selective approaches for sensing, and especially for the applications of diagnosis, screening, and theranostics. Due to its physical and chemical robustness, high stability, low-cost, and reusability features, molecularly imprinted polymer based sensors have become very attractive modalities for such applications with a sensitivity of minute structural changes in the structure of biomolecules. This review aims at discussing the principle of molecular imprinting method, the integration of molecularly imprinted polymers with sensing tools, the recent advances and strategies in molecular imprinting methodologies, their applications in medical, and future outlook on this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Semra Akgönüllü
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Handan Yavuz
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Serhat Ünal
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey.
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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43
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Florea A, Feier B, Cristea C. In situ analysis based on molecularly imprinted polymer electrochemical sensors. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mo CE, Chai MH, Zhang LP, Ran RX, Huang YP, Liu ZS. Floating molecularly imprinted polymers based on liquid crystalline and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes for capecitabine sustained release. Int J Pharm 2018; 557:293-303. [PMID: 30599225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have drawn extensive attention as carriers on drug delivery. However, most of MIPs suffer from insufficient drug loading capacity, burst release of drugs and/or low bioavailability. To solve the issues, this study designed an imprinted material with superior floating nature for oral drug delivery system of capecitabine (CAP) rationally. The MIPs was synthesized in the presence of 4-methylphenyl dicyclohexyl ethylene (liquid crystalline, LC) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) via polymerization reaction. The LC-POSS MIPs had extended release of the template molecules over 13.4 h with entrapment efficiency of 20.53%, diffusion coefficient of 2.83 × 10-11 cm2 s-1, and diffusion exponent of 0.84. Pharmacokinetic studies further revealed the prolong release and high relative bioavailability of CAP in vivo of rats, showing the effective floating effect of the LC-POSS MIPs. The in vivo images revealed visually that the gastroretentive time of the LC-POSS MIPs was longer than non-LC-POSS imprinted polymers. The physical characteristics of the polymers were also characterized by nitrogen adsorption experiment, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. As a conclusion, the LC-POSS MIPs can be used as an eligible CAP carrier and might hold great potential in clinical applications for sustained release drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-E Mo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Mei-Hong Chai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Rui-Xue Ran
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan-Ping Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Zhao-Sheng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Canfarotta F, Czulak J, Guerreiro A, Cruz AG, Piletsky S, Bergdahl GE, Hedström M, Mattiasson B. A novel capacitive sensor based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles as recognition elements. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 120:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. BelBruno
- Dartmouth College, Department of Chemistry, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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47
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Ahmad OS, Bedwell TS, Esen C, Garcia-Cruz A, Piletsky SA. Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Electrochemical and Optical Sensors. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 37:294-309. [PMID: 30241923 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting is the process of template-induced formation of specific recognition sites in a polymer. Synthetic receptors prepared using molecular imprinting possess a unique combination of properties such as robustness, high affinity, specificity, and low-cost production, which makes them attractive alternatives to natural receptors. Improvements in polymer science and nanotechnology have contributed to enhanced performance of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensors. Encouragingly, recent years have seen an increase in high-quality publications describing MIP sensors for the determination of biomolecules, drugs of abuse, and explosives, driving toward applications of this technology in medical and forensic diagnostics. This review aims to provide a focused overview of the latest achievements made in MIP-based sensor technology, with emphasis on research toward real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar S Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Thomas S Bedwell
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Cem Esen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Turkey
| | - Alvaro Garcia-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Sergey A Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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Florea A, Cowen T, Piletsky S, De Wael K. Polymer platforms for selective detection of cocaine in street samples adulterated with levamisole. Talanta 2018; 186:362-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sari E, Üzek R, Duman M, Denizli A. Detection of ciprofloxacin through surface plasmon resonance nanosensor with specific recognition sites. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 2018; 29:1302-18. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1457417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Marć M, Kupka T, Wieczorek PP, Namieśnik J. Computational modeling of molecularly imprinted polymers as a green approach to the development of novel analytical sorbents. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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